Container type frequency converter with internal circulation air cooling function

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of frequency converters of power equipment, in particular to a container type frequency converter with internal circulation air cooling, which comprises an outer box body, a closed voltage transformation chamber and a closed frequency conversion chamber are respectively arranged in the outer box body, and a voltage transformation unit and a frequency conversion unit are respectively arranged in the voltage transformation chamber and the frequency conversion chamber. The voltage transformation unit is used for transforming external high-voltage current and then inputting the high-voltage current to the frequency conversion unit, an axial air duct is separated from the bottom of a voltage transformation cavity and the bottom of a frequency conversion cavity through a partition plate, a heat dissipation water tank is arranged in the axial air duct, and a first cooling assembly and a second cooling assembly are arranged in the voltage transformation cavity and the frequency conversion cavity respectively; the heat dissipation water tank is circularly communicated with the first cooling assembly and the second cooling assembly through a first circulating pipeline and a second circulating pipeline respectively; an axial heat dissipation fan is further arranged at an opening in one end of the axial air duct; the heat dissipation of the variable frequency chamber and the variable pressure chamber is promoted, and the better use effect is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of frequency converters for electric power equipment, and particularly discloses a container-type frequency converter with internal circulation air cooling. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the oil drilling rig and fracturing pump drive industries all use inverters installed in containers. These containers are equipped with a transformer and inverter. The transformer reduces the voltage of the external high-voltage power supply, while the inverter outputs frequency-controlled AC power through AC and inversion, thereby driving the load. However, for container-type inverters, their heat dissipation and moisture resistance are key factors affecting their performance.

[0003] At present, the existing technology, such as "a container-type inverter with internal circulation air cooling" disclosed in CN116761394A, realizes the dual-effect synergy of moisture-proof and heat dissipation of the container-type inverter by designing the transformer chamber and the frequency conversion chamber as a closed structure, while the transformer chamber adopts "internal circulation air cooling superimposed on a water-cooled heat exchanger" and the frequency conversion chamber adopts "liquid cooling and heat dissipation". Specifically, its solution includes: the transformer chamber drives the air to circulate in the cavity through the heat dissipation fan, and the heat is transferred to the heat dissipation water tank through the water-cooled heat exchanger; the frequency conversion chamber directly dissipates heat through liquid cooling by the rectifier water-cooled plate and the inverter water-cooled plate, and the two share the same water cooling system, thereby solving the problem of traditional air cooling introducing external water vapor.

[0004] However, the existing technology still has certain defects. The local heat dissipation efficiency is insufficient. The existing technology relies on the top fan to drive a single circulation path. The fixed air duct structure is not designed with directional diversion for the heat hotspots of the transformer unit, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency in local high-temperature areas. In addition, the airflow needs to bypass the water-cooled heat exchangers on both sides. The tortuous path is prone to form dead zones, exacerbating the uneven heat distribution and causing heat accumulation, which in turn affects the overall use effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a container-type inverter with internal circulation air cooling to solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] Specifically, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A container-type inverter with internal circulation air cooling includes an outer box body, wherein the interior of the outer box body is respectively provided with a sealed voltage transformation chamber and a frequency conversion chamber, and the voltage transformation chamber and the frequency conversion chamber are respectively provided with a voltage transformation unit and a frequency conversion unit, the voltage transformation unit is used to transform the external high-voltage current and input it into the frequency conversion unit, and the frequency conversion unit is used to perform frequency conversion on the transformed current and then transmit it to the external load end, an axial air duct is separated by a partition at the bottom of the voltage transformation chamber and the frequency conversion chamber, a heat dissipation water tank is provided in the axial air duct, a first cooling assembly and a second cooling assembly are respectively provided inside the voltage transformation chamber and the frequency conversion chamber; and the heat dissipation water tank is circulatedly connected to the first cooling assembly and the second cooling assembly through a first circulation pipe and a second circulation pipe respectively; an axial heat dissipation fan is also provided at one end opening of the axial air duct.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the present application achieves an effective improvement in the heat dissipation efficiency of the container-type inverter through a coupled heat dissipation architecture of axial air ducts and convection air ducts. Specifically, the present solution integrates the heat dissipation water tank and the axial heat dissipation fan into the same fluid channel through the axial air duct provided at the bottom of the outer box, thereby forming a dynamic heat dissipation matrix that runs through the voltage conversion chamber and the frequency conversion chamber. That is, the airflow flows rapidly in the axial air duct, thereby effectively promoting the heat dissipation of the frequency conversion chamber and the voltage conversion chamber to a certain extent, and the airflow generated by the axial heat dissipation fan in the axial air duct can directly force convection on the surface of the heat dissipation water tank, thereby further enhancing the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation water tank.

[0009] At the same time, the heat dissipation water tank in the present application is connected to the first cooling component in the transformer chamber through a first circulation pipe, and the heat dissipation water tank is connected to the second cooling component in the frequency conversion chamber through a second circulation pipe, so as to form independent closed-loop water-cooled heat dissipation paths in parallel, thereby optimizing the flow path of the cooling fluid in the heat dissipation water tank, thereby avoiding mutual interference, enhancing the water-cooled heat dissipation efficiency of the transformer chamber and the frequency conversion chamber, and ultimately promoting the effective improvement of the overall heat dissipation efficiency of the container-type inverter.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the first cooling assembly includes a convection air duct vertically arranged in the middle of the transformer chamber, a guide cover located at the upper part of the convection air duct, and an induced draft fan located at the lower part of the guide cover. The induced draft fan is used to induce the airflow inside the convection air duct to flow from bottom to top and flow out through the guide cover. The transformer unit is located in the middle of the convection air duct.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the rising hot air flow in the convection duct is accelerated and guided through the convection duct and the drainage fan, so as to further realize the formation of a composite airflow movement of "natural convection + forced convection" for the air inside the convection duct, thereby accelerating the air flow velocity in the convection duct and facilitating timely heat dissipation; and the set air guide cover can guide the air as it flows through, so as to realize uniform diffusion of the air flow to the surroundings, and form a uniform horizontal air flow layer at the top of the transformer chamber to avoid the turbulence problem of the traditional top outlet.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the deflector is concave downward as a whole to form a bowl-shaped structure, the edge of the deflector extends to the outside of the convection air duct and is provided with a downward-turned bent portion, and the bottom edge of the bent portion is close to the outer edge of the convection air duct to form an outflow gap;

[0013] An interlayer chamber is formed by a cover plate in the upper depression of the air deflector, and a water distribution tray connected to the first circulation pipe is provided inside the interlayer chamber. The edges of the water distribution tray are close to the inner wall of the interlayer chamber, and a plurality of drainage ports are equidistantly provided. A plurality of equidistantly distributed drainage pipes are also provided in the middle of the bottom of the air deflector, the top end of the drainage pipe is connected to the interlayer chamber, and the bottom end is inclined in a direction away from the induced draft fan and is connected to a microchannel penetrating the inner wall layer of the convection air duct.

[0014] In the above scheme, the guide surface of the lower part of the deflector is designed to be a bowl-shaped structure, so that the bowl-shaped curved surface can guide the airflow to spread evenly in all directions, and the outflow gap between the bent part and the outer edge of the convection air duct can make the airflow outflow more uniform and form an air curtain outflow, thereby eliminating the airflow separation phenomenon caused by the traditional flat deflector. At the same time, the water distribution tray is used in the interlayer chamber, and through the equally distributed drainage outlets, when the cooling fluid in the heat dissipation water tank flows through the water distribution tray through the first circulation pipe, it can form a uniform liquid film outflow through the drainage outlet, thereby ensuring that the cooling fluid forms a thin layer flow along the surface of the bowl-shaped deflector in the interlayer chamber, thereby ensuring that the heat exchange area between the cooling fluid and the airflow is larger, and ultimately improving its heat exchange efficiency;

[0015] At the same time, it is important to emphasize that when the coolant is injected into the interlayer chamber through the equidistant drain ports of the water distribution pan, the continuous liquid film formed along the inner surface of the shroud not only conducts convective heat exchange with the rising airflow, but also directly covers the surface of the exhaust fan casing, thereby absorbing and conducting the heat generated by the exhaust fan during operation through mass transfer at the solid-liquid interface, thereby preventing the heat generated by the exhaust fan during continuous operation from accumulating in the closed transformer chamber, causing its temperature to rise slowly and continuously, leading to heat accumulation at the top of the transformer chamber, and thus deteriorating the working environment of the transformer unit;

[0016] The setting of the drain pipe and the microchannel further enables the cooling fluid to flow into the microchannel through the drain pipe, and the heat-carrying gas to flow out through the gaps between the drain pipes, thereby facilitating further dispersed heat exchange of the gas. At the same time, after the cooling fluid enters the microchannel, it flows downward in the capillary tube by capillary action, forming a reverse cross-flow contact with the upward airflow inside the convection air duct, thereby realizing the gradual cooling of the hot air flow during the rising process, and cooling the transformer unit in the convection air duct, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency of the transformer chamber.

[0017] As a further preferred technical solution, the outer wall of the convection air duct is circumferentially provided with a plurality of fins extending along its axial direction, and flow grooves are formed between adjacent fins. An inlet is also provided at the lower part of the flow groove near the bottom end of the convection channel.

[0018] In the above scheme, when the induced draft fan is driven and the air flow in the convection duct flows from bottom to top, the low-temperature air outside the duct is attracted into the circulation groove from the inlet due to the negative pressure, forming a reverse airflow from top to bottom, and exchanging heat with the hot air flow in the duct in an orthogonal countercurrent manner. The circumferential fins and circulation grooves on the outer wall of the convection duct can increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the outer wall of the convection duct, and reduce the airflow disturbance loss when the low-temperature airflow flows outside the convection duct.

[0019] A more preferred technical solution is to provide an auxiliary wind wheel at the lower interior of the convection duct, which is used to promote the airflow in the convection duct to flow from bottom to top. This solution can further enhance the air convection in the convection duct after the auxiliary wind wheel rotates, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the transformer unit.

[0020] Specifically, a vortex portion is provided inside the axial wind duct at a position corresponding to the lower portion of the auxiliary wind wheel, a wind turbine is provided inside the vortex portion, the top of the wind turbine is connected to the auxiliary wind wheel via a transmission rod passing through the convection air duct, and the vortex portion is provided with a guide portion at the front position of the wind turbine, which is used to guide the airflow to one side blade of the wind turbine to drive the wind turbine to rotate.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the synergistic effect of the axial air duct, the axial heat dissipation fan and the wind turbine is cleverly utilized to drive the auxiliary wind wheel in the convection air duct to rotate, so as to work together with the drainage fan in the convection air duct, thereby further promoting air convection in the convection air duct, and thus improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the transformer unit.

[0022] Furthermore, the second cooling component includes a water-cooling plate arranged on both sides of the frequency conversion unit, a water-cooling channel is opened inside the water-cooling plate, and the water-cooling channel is opened with a trapezoidal groove along the fluid flow direction, and a plurality of memory alloy heat-conducting columns are arranged in an array on the contact surface between the water-cooling plate and the frequency conversion unit. The surface of the memory alloy heat-conducting column is coated with a graphene heat-conducting layer, and the memory alloy heat-conducting column has a deformation temperature threshold. When the memory alloy heat-conducting column reaches the deformation temperature threshold, memory deformation is generated and the column extends to contact the surface of the frequency conversion unit.

[0023] It should be noted that when the frequency conversion unit is working continuously, it will generate a large amount of heat. Therefore, in this solution, the turbulent characteristics of the coolant are enhanced by the trapezoidal groove flow channel, which destroys the boundary layer heat retention effect, thereby improving the overall heat transfer coefficient of the flow channel. In other words, when the cooling fluid flows through the trapezoidal groove, it will form periodic vortex turbulence, thereby strengthening the fluid disturbance, so that the contact range between the fluid and the wall of the water-cooling flow channel is expanded, the effective heat exchange area is increased, and the heat transfer efficiency is further improved.

[0024] At the same time, this solution sets a memory alloy thermal conductive column with temperature responsive characteristics at the contact interface between the water-cooled plate and the frequency conversion unit, and coats a graphene thermal conductive layer on its surface. Through the synergistic effect of dynamic adaptive contact and efficient heat conduction, it breaks through the heat conduction bottleneck of the traditional static contact interface, realizes the rapid response of the second cooling component to the dynamic heat load of the frequency conversion unit, and ensures efficient heat dissipation of the frequency conversion unit.

[0025] Specifically, a filling port is provided on the exterior of the heat dissipation water tank, and exhaust valves are installed on both the first and second circulation pipes. The filling port facilitates adding cooling fluid to the heat dissipation water tank, while the exhaust valves facilitate manual opening by operators to release gas from the first and second circulation pipes, preventing "gas locks" that could hinder the normal circulation of the cooling fluid.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention effectively improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the containerized inverter through a coupled heat dissipation architecture of axial and convection air ducts. Specifically, the present invention integrates the heat dissipation water tank and the axial heat dissipation fan into the same fluid channel through the axial air duct provided at the bottom of the outer casing, forming a dynamic heat dissipation matrix that penetrates the voltage conversion chamber and the frequency conversion chamber. In other words, the airflow quickly flows through the axial air duct, thereby effectively promoting heat dissipation from the frequency conversion chamber and the voltage conversion chamber to a certain extent. In addition, the airflow generated by the axial heat dissipation fan in the axial air duct can directly force convection on the surface of the heat dissipation water tank, thereby further enhancing the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation water tank.

[0028] 2. The present invention can guide the air as it flows through the guide cover, so that the air flow is evenly diffused to the surroundings, and a uniform horizontal air flow layer is formed on the top of the transformer chamber to avoid the turbulence problem of the traditional top outlet. The guide surface of the lower part of the guide cover is further designed to be a bowl-shaped structure, which is convenient for the bowl-shaped curved surface to guide the air flow to diffuse evenly to the surroundings. The outflow gap between the bent part and the outer edge of the convection air duct can make the air flow out more uniform and form an air curtain outflow to eliminate the air flow stripping phenomenon caused by the traditional flat guide plate. At the same time, the water distribution tray is used in the interlayer chamber and through the equally distributed drainage outlets. When the cooling fluid in the heat dissipation water tank flows through the water distribution tray through the first circulation pipe, it can form a uniform liquid film and flow out through the drain port, so as to ensure that the cooling fluid forms a thin layer flow along the surface of the bowl-shaped guide cover in the interlayer chamber, thereby ensuring a larger heat exchange area between the cooling fluid and the airflow, and ultimately improving its heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, it can also absorb and conduct the heat generated by the induced draft fan when it is running, thereby avoiding the heat generated by the induced draft fan when it is continuously working from accumulating in the closed transformer chamber, causing its temperature to rise slowly and continuously, resulting in heat accumulation on the top of the transformer chamber, and causing the working environment of the transformer unit to deteriorate;

[0029] 3. The present invention further provides drainage pipes and microchannels, so that when the cooling fluid flows into the microchannel through the drainage pipes, the heat-carrying gas flows out through the gaps between the drainage pipes, thereby facilitating further dispersed heat exchange with the gas. At the same time, after the cooling fluid enters the microchannel, it flows downward in the capillary tube by capillary action, forming a counter-current contact with the upward airflow inside the convection air duct, thereby achieving gradual cooling of the hot air flow during its ascent, effectively cooling the transformer unit in the convection air duct, and thus improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency of the transformer chamber.

[0030] 4. The present invention cleverly utilizes the synergistic effect of the axial air duct, the axial heat dissipation fan, and the wind turbine to drive the auxiliary wind wheel in the convection air duct to rotate, so as to cooperate with the induction fan in the convection air duct, thereby further promoting air convection in the convection air duct and thus improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the transformer unit. Specifically, when the axial heat dissipation fan drives the airflow through the vortex portion, the induction portion guides the airflow to the single-sided blade of the wind turbine and uses the impact torque to drive the turbine to rotate, thereby synchronously driving the auxiliary wind wheel to rotate through the transmission rod, thereby forming an upward airflow in the convection air duct and cooperating with the induction fan to generate an enhanced airflow in the convection air duct in the same direction as the induction fan, thereby achieving rapid airflow in the convection air duct and quickly dissipating and conducting the heat on the surface of the transformer unit;

[0031] 5. The present invention provides a temperature-responsive memory alloy heat-conducting column at the contact interface between the water-cooled plate and the inverter unit, and coats its surface with a graphene heat-conducting layer. This breaks through the heat conduction bottleneck of the traditional static contact interface through the synergistic effect of dynamic adaptive contact and efficient heat conduction. Specifically, when the temperature of the inverter unit rises to a temperature threshold due to dynamic load fluctuations, the memory alloy material undergoes a martensitic phase transformation, driving the heat-conducting column to produce a millimeter-level memory deformation in the radial direction, actively extending toward the device surface and approaching the contact, thereby shortening the gap at the contact interface between the water-cooled plate and the inverter unit. It is also beneficial to reduce the thermal resistance of the contact interface; at the same time, through the extension and deformation of the memory alloy heat-conducting column, it also increases the interface contact area between the water-cooled plate and the frequency conversion unit to a certain extent, thereby utilizing the high thermal conductivity graphene heat-conducting layer to quickly conduct and diffuse the surface heat of the frequency conversion unit to the entire surface of the heat-conducting column, and then transfer it to the water-cooling channel of the water-cooled plate through the axial heat-conducting path of the memory alloy column, thereby forming a composite heat-conducting channel of "lateral diffusion + axial conduction", realizing the rapid response of the second cooling component to the dynamic heat load of the frequency conversion unit, and ensuring efficient heat dissipation of the frequency conversion unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer box of the present invention, which is intended to illustrate its specific internal structure;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the convection air duct structure of the present invention, which is intended to illustrate its specific structure;

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the wind turbine and the auxiliary wind wheel of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal top view of the axial air duct of the present invention, which is intended to illustrate its specific structure;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the water-cooling plate of the present invention, intended to illustrate the layout of its internal water-cooling channels;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water-cooling plate of the present invention from a top view.

[0040] The reference numerals represent: 1. outer box; 2. transformer chamber; 21. transformer unit; 3. frequency conversion chamber; 4. axial air duct; 41. heat dissipation water tank; 42. axial heat dissipation fan; 43. vortex part; 431. wind turbine; 432. drainage part; 51. convection air duct; 511. air guide cover; 512. bending part; 513. interlayer chamber; 514. water distribution tray; 515. drain pipe; 516. microchannel; 517. fin; 518. auxiliary wind wheel; 52. water cooling plate; 521. water cooling channel; 522. memory alloy thermal conductive column; 61. first circulation pipe; 62. second circulation pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples and accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is already in the actual development and use stage.

[0042] The existing container-type inverter with internal circulation air cooling relies too much on the top fan to drive a single circulation path. The fixed air duct structure is not designed with directional guidance for the heat hot spots of the transformer unit, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency in local high-temperature areas. The air flow needs to bypass the water-cooled heat exchangers on both sides. The tortuous path easily forms a dead zone, aggravating the uneven heat distribution and causing heat accumulation. At the same time, its water-cooled heat exchanger is arranged at the top of the transformer chamber. When the transformer chamber is internally circulated and cooled, it can only cool the air flowing through the bottom of the transformer chamber. As the air gradually rises in the heat dissipation duct in the transformer chamber, the heat it carries increases and gradually accumulates at the top of the heat dissipation duct. At the same time, the heat dissipation fan is located at the top of the duct, which lacks effective heat dissipation for the heat dissipation fan. As a result, after the heat dissipation fan has been running for a long time, its heat is accumulated at the top of the heat dissipation duct and is difficult to dissipate, causing the temperature inside the heat dissipation duct to gradually rise, thereby affecting the normal operation of the transformer unit.

[0043] To this end, the present invention proposes a new container-type inverter with internal circulation air cooling, which improves the structure of the existing container-type inverter to improve its performance; the specific method is described in the following embodiments.

[0044] Example

[0045] See also Figures 1 to 7As shown, this embodiment discloses a container-type inverter with internal circulation air cooling, including an outer box body 1, wherein the interior of the outer box body 1 is respectively provided with a sealed transformer chamber 2 and a frequency conversion chamber 3, and the transformer chamber 2 and the frequency conversion chamber 3 are respectively provided with a transformer unit 21 and a frequency conversion unit, wherein the transformer unit 21 is used to transform the external high-voltage current and input it into the frequency conversion unit, and the frequency conversion unit is used to perform frequency conversion on the transformed current and then transmit it to the external load end, and an axial air duct 4 is separated by a partition at the bottom of the transformer chamber and the frequency conversion chamber 3, and a heat dissipation water tank 41 is provided in the axial air duct 4, and a first cooling assembly and a second cooling assembly are respectively provided inside the transformer chamber 2 and the frequency conversion chamber 3; and the heat dissipation water tank 41 is circulatedly connected with the first cooling assembly and the second cooling assembly through a first circulation pipe 61 and a second circulation pipe 62 respectively; an axial heat dissipation fan 42 is also provided at one end opening of the axial air duct 4.

[0046] Based on the above embodiment, the present application achieves an effective improvement in the heat dissipation efficiency of the container-type inverter through the coupled heat dissipation architecture of the axial air duct 4 and the convection air duct 51. Specifically, the axial air duct 4 provided at the bottom of the outer box 1 integrates the heat dissipation water tank 41 and the axial heat dissipation fan 42 into the same fluid channel, forming a dynamic heat dissipation matrix that runs through the voltage conversion chamber 2 and the frequency conversion chamber 3. That is, the airflow flows rapidly in the axial air duct 4, thereby effectively promoting the heat dissipation of the frequency conversion chamber 3 and the voltage conversion chamber 2 to a certain extent, and the airflow generated by the axial heat dissipation fan 42 in the axial air duct 4 can directly force convection on the surface of the heat dissipation water tank 41, thereby further enhancing the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation water tank 41.

[0047] At the same time, the heat dissipation water tank 41 in the present application is connected to the first cooling component in the transformer chamber 2 through a first circulation pipe 61, and the heat dissipation water tank 41 is connected to the second cooling component in the frequency conversion chamber 3 through a second circulation pipe 62, so as to form independent closed-loop water-cooled heat dissipation paths in parallel, thereby optimizing the flow path of the cooling fluid in the heat dissipation water tank 41, thereby avoiding mutual interference, enhancing the water-cooled heat dissipation efficiency of the transformer chamber 2 and the frequency conversion chamber 3, and ultimately promoting the effective improvement of the overall heat dissipation efficiency of the container-type inverter.

[0048] With respect to the above embodiment, it should be added that, for the first circulation pipe 61 and the second circulation pipe 62, the ends of the heat dissipation water tank 41 to which they extend are both provided with circulation pumps, so that the cooling fluid in the heat dissipation water tank 41 can be pumped to the first circulation pipe 61 and the second circulation pipe 62 for circulation through the circulation pump.

[0049] As a further example, please refer to Figure 2The first cooling component includes a convection duct 51 vertically arranged in the middle of the transformer chamber 2, a guide cover 511 located at the upper part of the convection duct 51, and a induced draft fan located at the lower part of the guide cover 511. The induced draft fan is used to induce the airflow inside the convection duct 51 to flow from bottom to top and flow out through the guide cover 511. The transformer unit 21 is located in the middle of the convection duct 51.

[0050] In the above embodiment, the convection duct 51 and the drainage fan are used to accelerate and guide the rising hot air flow in the convection duct 51, so as to further realize the formation of a composite airflow movement of "natural convection + forced convection" for the air inside the convection duct 51, thereby accelerating the airflow velocity in the convection duct 51 and facilitating timely heat dissipation; and the air guide hood 511 provided can guide the air as it flows through, so as to realize uniform diffusion of the airflow to the surroundings, and form a uniform horizontal airflow layer at the top of the transformer chamber 2, so as to avoid the turbulence problem of the traditional top outlet.

[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment, the convection duct 51 vertically arranged inside the transformer chamber 2 forms an independent airflow channel. After the transformer unit 21 located in the middle of the convection duct 51 starts working, the heat it generates is transferred to the upper part of the convection duct 51 through radiation and convection, and the air density is reduced to form a natural upward trend, forcing the airflow to drive the heat upward. At the same time, a deflector 511 is set at the top of the convection duct 51, and a drainage fan is set at the lower part of the deflector 511, so that after it is started, the internal airflow of the convection duct 51 is forced to be guided, so as to further strengthen the air convection inside the convection duct 51, so as to form a composite airflow movement of "natural convection + forced convection", so as to realize the acceleration of the airflow velocity in the convection duct 51 and facilitate the timely dissipation of heat. The deflector 511 can guide the airflow to diffuse to the surroundings and finally merge downward into the main airflow of the axial duct 4, thereby avoiding the turbulence problem of the traditional top outlet.

[0052] Unlike the prior art where the airflow needs to pass through the tortuous path of the water-cooled heat exchanger at the lower part of both sides of the duct, the convection duct 51 provides an axial direct heat dissipation channel, which reduces the resistance along the airflow and avoids the dead zone of airflow stagnation in the corners of the chamber.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 2 As shown in FIG, the deflector 511 is concave downward as a whole to form a bowl-shaped structure. The edge of the deflector 511 extends to the outside of the convection duct 51 and is provided with a downwardly turned bent portion 512. The bottom edge of the bent portion 512 is close to the outer edge of the convection duct 51 to form an outflow gap.

[0054] An interlayer chamber 513 is formed by a cover plate in the upper recess of the air deflector 511, and a water distribution tray 514 connected to the first circulation pipe 61 is further provided inside the interlayer chamber 513. The edges of the water distribution tray 514 are close to the inner wall of the interlayer chamber 513, and a plurality of drainage ports are equidistantly arranged. A plurality of equidistantly distributed drainage pipes 515 are further provided in the middle of the bottom of the air deflector 511. The top end of the drainage pipe 515 is connected to the interlayer chamber 513, and the bottom end is inclined in a direction away from the induced draft fan and is connected to a microchannel 516 penetrating the inner wall layer of the convection air duct 51.

[0055] For example, in this embodiment, the guide surface of the lower portion of the air guide cover 511 is designed to be a bowl-shaped structure, so that the bowl-shaped curved surface can guide the airflow to spread evenly around. The outflow gap between the bent portion 512 and the outer edge of the convection air duct 51 can make the airflow outflow more uniform and form an air curtain outflow, thereby eliminating the airflow separation phenomenon caused by the traditional flat guide plate. At the same time, the water distribution tray 514 is used in the interlayer chamber 513, and through the equally distributed drainage outlets, when the cooling fluid in the heat dissipation water tank 41 flows through the water distribution tray 514 through the first circulation pipe 61, a uniform liquid film can be formed to flow out through the drainage outlet, thereby ensuring that the cooling fluid forms a thin layer flow along the surface of the bowl-shaped air guide cover 511 in the interlayer chamber 513, thereby ensuring a larger heat exchange area between the cooling fluid and the airflow, and ultimately improving its heat exchange efficiency.

[0056] At the same time, it is important to emphasize that when the coolant is injected into the interlayer chamber 513 through the equidistant drain ports of the water distribution tray 514, the continuous liquid film formed along the inner surface of the air guide cover 511 not only performs convective heat exchange with the rising airflow, but also absorbs and conducts the heat generated by the induced draft fan during operation, thereby preventing the heat generated by the induced draft fan from accumulating in the closed transformer chamber 2 when it is continuously operating, causing its temperature to slowly and continuously rise, resulting in heat accumulation at the top of the transformer chamber 2, and worsening the working environment of the transformer unit 21.

[0057] The arrangement of the drain pipe 515 and the microchannel 516 further enables the gas carrying heat to flow out through the gap between the drain pipe 515 when the cooling fluid flows into the microchannel 516 through the drain pipe 515, thereby facilitating further dispersed heat exchange of the gas. At the same time, after the cooling fluid enters the microchannel 516, when it flows downward in the capillary tube by capillary action, it forms a reverse cross-flow contact with the upward airflow inside the convection duct 51, thereby realizing that the hot air flow is gradually cooled during the rising process, and the transformer unit 21 in the convection duct 51 is cooled, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency of the transformer chamber 2.

[0058] As a further preferred embodiment, Figure 3As shown, the outer wall of the convection air duct 51 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of fins 517 extending along its axial direction, and a flow groove is formed between adjacent fins 517. An inlet is also provided at the lower portion of the flow groove near the bottom end of the convection channel.

[0059] In the above embodiment, when the induced draft fan is driven and the air flow in the convection duct 51 flows from bottom to top, the low-temperature air outside the duct is attracted into the circulation groove from the inlet due to the negative pressure, forming a reverse airflow from top to bottom, and exchanging heat orthogonally with the hot air flow in the duct in a countercurrent manner. Moreover, the heat dissipation area of ​​the outer wall of the convection duct 51 can be increased through the circumferential fins 517 and the circulation grooves on the outer wall of the convection duct 51, and the airflow disturbance loss when the low-temperature airflow flows outside the convection duct 51 can be reduced.

[0060] As a more preferred embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, an auxiliary wind wheel 518 is provided at the lower portion of the convection duct 51. The auxiliary wind wheel 518 is used to promote upward flow of air within the convection duct 51. In this solution, the auxiliary wind wheel 518 is provided so that the rotation of the auxiliary wind wheel 518 further enhances air convection within the convection duct 51, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the transformer unit 21.

[0061] Specifically, in Figure 7 As shown in the figure, a vortex portion 43 is further provided inside the axial wind duct 4 at a position corresponding to the lower portion of the auxiliary wind wheel 518, and a wind turbine 431 is provided inside the vortex portion 43. The top of the wind turbine 431 is connected to the auxiliary wind wheel 518 via a transmission rod that passes through the convection air duct 51, and the vortex portion 43 is provided with a guide portion 432 at a front position of the wind turbine 431. The guide portion 432 is used to guide the airflow to one side blade of the wind turbine 431 to drive the wind turbine 431 to rotate.

[0062] Preferably, in order to ensure the internal circulation of the transformer chamber 2, that is, to avoid leakage due to the presence of a gap between the transformer chamber 2 and the axial air duct 4 after a transmission rod is set through the transformer chamber 2, thereby causing external gas to enter the transformer chamber 2, it can be understood that a rotating sealing ring is provided at the position where the transmission rod passes through the transformer chamber 2 on the outside.

[0063] In the above embodiment, the synergistic effect of the axial air duct 4, the axial heat dissipation fan 42, and the wind turbine 431 is cleverly utilized to drive the auxiliary wind wheel 518 in the convection air duct 51 to rotate, thereby cooperating with the induction fan in the convection air duct 51, thereby further promoting air convection in the convection air duct 51, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the transformer unit 21;

[0064] Specifically, when the axial heat dissipation fan 42 drives the airflow through the vortex portion 43, the guide portion 432 guides the airflow to the single-sided blade of the wind turbine 431, and uses the impact torque to drive the turbine to rotate, so as to synchronously drive the auxiliary wind wheel 518 to rotate through the transmission rod, thereby forming an upward airflow in the convection duct 51, and cooperating with the guide fan to generate an enhanced airflow in the convection duct 51 in the same direction as the guide fan, thereby realizing rapid flow of air in the convection duct 51 and quickly dissipating and conducting the heat on the surface of the transformer unit 21.

[0065] It should be further explained that when the frequency conversion unit is continuously working, it generates a large amount of heat. When the water-cooling plate 52 of the existing frequency conversion unit is close to the frequency conversion unit for water-cooling heat exchange, its contact area is fixed. Therefore, its thermal conductivity efficiency depends more on the flow rate of the cooling fluid in the water-cooling plate 52. If the flow rate is constant, when the frequency conversion unit increases due to the instantaneous working power, the large amount of heat generated by it will be difficult to be conducted and dissipated by the water-cooling plate 52 in time. In other words, under the dynamic load of the frequency conversion unit, its thermal conductivity efficiency lags, thereby affecting its normal operation and limiting its use effect.

[0066] Therefore, in the embodiment, it is preferred that, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 7 The second cooling component includes a water-cooling plate 52 arranged on both sides of the frequency conversion unit. A water-cooling channel 521 is opened inside the water-cooling plate 52, and the water-cooling channel 521 has a trapezoidal groove along the fluid flow direction. A plurality of memory alloy heat-conducting columns 522 are arranged in an array on the contact surface between the water-cooling plate 52 and the frequency conversion unit. The surface of the memory alloy heat-conducting column is coated with a graphene heat-conducting layer, and the memory alloy heat-conducting column 522 has a deformation temperature threshold. When the memory alloy heat-conducting column 522 reaches the deformation temperature threshold, memory deformation is generated and the heat-conducting column 522 extends to contact the surface of the frequency conversion unit.

[0067] In the above embodiment, the trapezoidal groove flow channel enhances the turbulent flow characteristics of the coolant, destroys the boundary layer heat retention effect, and thus improves the heat transfer coefficient of the flow channel as a whole. In other words, when the cooling fluid flows through the trapezoidal groove, it will form periodic vortex turbulence, thereby strengthening the fluid disturbance, so that the contact range between the fluid and the wall surface of the water-cooling flow channel 521 is expanded, the effective heat exchange area is increased, and the heat transfer efficiency is further improved.

[0068] At the same time, this embodiment sets a memory alloy heat-conducting column 522 with temperature-responsive characteristics at the contact interface between the water-cooling plate 52 and the frequency conversion unit, and coats a graphene heat-conducting layer on its surface. Through the synergistic effect of dynamic adaptive contact and efficient heat conduction, it breaks through the heat conduction bottleneck of the traditional static contact interface. Specifically, when the temperature of the frequency conversion unit rises to a temperature threshold (such as 70°C) due to dynamic load fluctuations, the memory alloy material undergoes a martensitic phase transformation, driving the heat-conducting column to produce a millimeter-level memory deformation in the radial direction, actively extending toward the surface of the device and approaching the contact, thereby shortening the gap between the contact interface of the water-cooling plate 52 and the frequency conversion unit, and helping to reduce the contact interface. Thermal resistance (after finite element analysis, its interface thermal resistance is reduced by more than 40%); at the same time, through the extension and deformation of the memory alloy heat-conducting column 522, it also increases the interface contact area between the water-cooling plate 52 and the frequency conversion unit to a certain extent, thereby utilizing the high thermal conductivity of the graphene heat-conducting layer to quickly conduct and diffuse the surface heat of the frequency conversion unit to the entire surface of the heat-conducting column, and then transfer it to the water-cooling flow channel 521 of the water-cooling plate 52 through the axial heat conduction path of the memory alloy column, thereby forming a composite heat conduction channel of "lateral diffusion + axial conduction", realizing the rapid response of the second cooling component to the dynamic heat load of the frequency conversion unit, and ensuring efficient heat dissipation of the frequency conversion unit.

[0069] As a further preferred embodiment of the water-cooling channel 521 in the above embodiment, the distribution shape of the water-cooling channel 521 in the water-cooling plate 52 is approximately "S"-shaped, such as Figure 6 As shown, this facilitates extending the flow path of the water-cooling fluid in the water-cooling plate 52, thereby ensuring that the water-cooling fluid can fully exchange heat with the frequency conversion unit when flowing through the water-cooling plate 52.

[0070] In the above embodiment, not shown in the figures, a filling port is provided on the exterior of the heat dissipation water tank 41, and exhaust valves are installed on both the first circulation conduit 61 and the second circulation conduit 62. The filling port facilitates adding cooling fluid to the heat dissipation water tank 41, while the exhaust valves facilitate manual opening by the operator to release gas from the first circulation conduit 61 and the second circulation conduit 62, thereby preventing "gas locks" that could hinder the normal circulation of the cooling fluid.

[0071] As a further preferred embodiment of the above embodiment, not shown in the figure, a plurality of heat dissipation fins are provided on the outside of the heat dissipation water tank 41 along its axial direction, so as to quickly dissipate the cooling fluid circulating in the heat dissipation water tank 41 through the heat dissipation fins.

[0072] The above specific implementation methods further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific implementation methods of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are schematic diagrams, which serve only to match the contents disclosed in the specification for understanding and reading by those familiar with this technology, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the efficacy and purpose that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", etc. quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

Claims

1. A container-type frequency converter with internal circulation air cooling, comprising an outer box (1), wherein the outer box (1) is provided with a sealed voltage conversion chamber (2) and a frequency conversion chamber (3), wherein the voltage conversion chamber (2) and the frequency conversion chamber (3) are provided with a voltage conversion unit (21) and a frequency conversion unit, respectively, wherein the voltage conversion unit (21) is used to convert external high-voltage current and then input it into the frequency conversion unit, and the frequency conversion unit is used to convert the converted current into a frequency conversion process and then transmit it to an external load end, characterized in that: An axial air duct (4) is separated at the bottom of the voltage conversion chamber and the frequency conversion chamber (3) by a partition, a heat dissipation water tank (41) is provided in the axial air duct (4), a first cooling assembly and a second cooling assembly are provided inside the voltage conversion chamber (2) and the frequency conversion chamber (3), respectively; and the heat dissipation water tank (41) is circulatedly connected to the first cooling assembly and the second cooling assembly through a first circulation pipe (61) and a second circulation pipe (62), respectively; an axial heat dissipation fan (42) is also provided at one end opening of the axial air duct (4).

2. The container-type inverter with internal circulation air cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cooling assembly comprises a convection air duct (51) vertically arranged in the middle of the transformer chamber (2), a guide cover (511) located at the upper part of the convection air duct (51), and an induced draft fan located at the lower part of the guide cover (511), wherein the induced draft fan is used to induce the air flow inside the convection air duct (51) to flow from bottom to top and flow out through the guide cover (511), and the transformer unit (21) is located in the middle of the convection air duct (51).

3. The container-type inverter with internal circulation air cooling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The deflector (511) is concave downward as a whole to form a bowl-shaped structure, the edge of the deflector (511) extends to the outside of the convection air duct (51) and is provided with a downward-turned bending portion (512), and the bottom edge of the bending portion (512) is close to the outer edge of the convection air duct (51) to form an outflow gap; An interlayer chamber (513) is formed in the upper recess of the air guide cover (511) by a cover plate, and a water distribution tray (514) connected to the first circulation pipe (61) is provided inside the interlayer chamber (513). The edges of the water distribution tray (514) are close to the inner wall of the interlayer chamber (513) and a plurality of drainage ports are evenly distributed. A plurality of evenly distributed drainage pipes (515) are also provided in the middle of the bottom of the air guide cover (511). The top end of the drainage pipe (515) is connected to the interlayer chamber (513), and the bottom end is inclined in a direction away from the induced draft fan and is connected to a microchannel (516) penetrating the inner wall layer of the convection air duct (51).

4. The container-type inverter with internal circulation air cooling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the convection air duct (51) is circumferentially provided with a plurality of fins (517) extending in its axial direction, and a flow groove is formed between adjacent fins (517). An inlet is also provided at the lower portion of the flow groove near the bottom end of the convection channel.

5. The container-type inverter with internal circulation air cooling according to claim 2, characterized in that: An auxiliary wind wheel (518) is provided at the lower part of the convection air duct (51), and the auxiliary wind wheel (518) is used to promote the airflow in the convection air duct (51) to flow from bottom to top.

6. The container-type inverter with internal circulation air cooling according to claim 5, characterized in that: A vortex portion (43) is further provided inside the axial air duct (4) at a position corresponding to the lower portion of the auxiliary wind wheel (518), and a wind turbine (431) is provided inside the vortex portion (43). The top of the wind turbine (431) is connected to the auxiliary wind wheel (518) via a transmission rod that passes through the convection air duct (51), and a guide portion (432) is provided at a front position of the wind turbine (431). The guide portion (432) is used to guide airflow to a blade on one side of the wind turbine (431) to drive the wind turbine (431) to rotate.

7. The container-type inverter with internal circulation air cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cooling component includes a water-cooling plate (52) arranged on both sides of the frequency conversion unit, a water-cooling channel (521) is provided inside the water-cooling plate (52), and the water-cooling channel (521) is provided with a trapezoidal groove along the fluid flow direction, a plurality of memory alloy heat-conducting columns (522) are arranged in an array on the contact surface between the water-cooling plate (52) and the frequency conversion unit, a graphene heat-conducting layer is applied to the surface of the memory alloy heat-conducting column (522), and the memory alloy heat-conducting column (522) has a deformation temperature threshold, and when the memory alloy heat-conducting column (522) reaches the deformation temperature threshold, memory deformation is generated and the heat-conducting column (522) extends to contact the surface of the frequency conversion unit.

8. The container-type inverter with internal circulation air cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filling port is also provided on the outside of the heat dissipation water tank (41), and exhaust valves are installed on both the first circulation pipe (61) and the second circulation pipe (62).

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