Microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell and preparation method of microporous titanium-based diffusion layer

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of proton exchange membrane electrolytic cells, and particularly relates to a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell and a preparation method of the microporous titanium-based diffusion layer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing titanium powder, a binder and a solvent, coating a titanium-based substrate with the mixture, and carrying out degumming and sintering to obtain the microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell. By adopting the method disclosed by the invention, the surface structure of the gas diffusion layer of the titanium-based substrate can be optimized in batches, so that the purposes of reducing roughness, increasing the contact area with a membrane electrode, reducing contact resistance, increasing mass transfer efficiency and improving the electrochemical performance of an electrolytic tank in an electrolytic bath are achieved; the technical defects of a gas diffusion layer obtained by a preparation method in the prior art are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers, and in particular relates to a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a widely available, green, low-carbon secondary energy source with broad application prospects, hydrogen, with its high energy density and environmentally friendly properties, is gradually becoming a key support force in the global energy transition. Among various hydrogen production methods, proton exchange membrane water electrolysis technology, with its excellent safety, high energy conversion efficiency, and fast current response, demonstrates good compatibility and adaptability with highly volatile wind and photovoltaic power generation systems, making it highly competitive in the market.

[0003] In the structure of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, the gas diffusion layer is a core component that is in direct contact with the bipolar plate and the catalyst layer. Its main functions include supporting the membrane electrode structure, ensuring the effective transmission of electrons, and precisely controlling the dynamic balance of the gas-liquid two-phase flow. It is one of the indispensable key components of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer. In view of the extreme environment in which the anode of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is located, namely, strong acidity and strong oxidizing conditions, the gas diffusion layer often uses titanium metal with excellent corrosion resistance as the substrate. Currently, the diffusion layer materials that meet the above requirements are porous metal materials, including titanium fiber felt, titanium sintered plates, and titanium mesh. Among them, titanium fiber felt has a large specific surface area and porosity, and a high pore size, which is conducive to gas-liquid transmission in high current density areas. It is one of the best candidate materials for the gas diffusion layer of the anode of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer. Commercial titanium fiber felt is made by sintering titanium fiber felt with a wire diameter of about 20 μm. It has the following problems: (1) The surface roughness is large, which makes it easy to pierce the membrane electrode during assembly; (2) The titanium fiber felt with high porosity has poor compression performance and is not suitable for pressurized assembly; (3) The contact mode with the membrane electrode is line contact, with a small contact area, large contact resistance, and low reaction active sites; (4) The pore size distribution is difficult to control and the pore size is relatively large, about 80 μm~100 μm.

[0004] In existing proton exchange membrane electrolyzer gas diffusion layers made of titanium felt and titanium powder, titanium powder is filled into the pores on the titanium felt surface and above the titanium felt. It is then metallurgically bonded to the titanium felt fibers to form a transition layer, which is a microporous layer. However, during the implementation of gas diffusion layers obtained using existing methods, it is difficult to ensure that the titanium powder is fixed in the pores on the titanium fiber felt surface, resulting in material leakage. The extent of titanium powder leakage is difficult to control, making the thickness of the microporous layer difficult to regulate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer and a method for preparing the same. The method first involves mixing titanium powder, a binder, and a solvent, then coating the mixture on a titanium substrate. The mixture is then subjected to binder removal and sintering to obtain a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer. The method of the present invention enables the surface structure of the titanium-based gas diffusion layer to be optimized on a batch basis, thereby reducing roughness, increasing the contact area with the membrane electrode, reducing contact resistance, increasing mass transfer efficiency, and improving the electrochemical performance of the electrolytic cell in the electrolytic cell. This overcomes the technical shortcomings of gas diffusion layers obtained by prior art preparation methods.

[0006] Based on the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a method for preparing a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, comprising the following steps: Step 1: uniformly mix titanium powder, a binder, and a solvent to obtain a slurry; in the slurry, the mass percentage of titanium powder is 40 wt % to 80 wt %.

[0007] Step 2: coating the slurry on a titanium-based substrate, drying it thoroughly, and then removing the film to obtain a microporous titanium-based substrate precursor.

[0008] Step 3: Place the microporous titanium-based substrate precursor into a sintering furnace for debinding and sintering. During the debinding and sintering process, the binder and residual solvent are removed, and at the same time, metallurgical bonding is performed between titanium powder and titanium powder, and between titanium powder and titanium-based substrate. After sintering is completed, a microporous titanium-based substrate is obtained.

[0009] Preferably, in the slurry, the mass percentage of the binder is 2 wt % to 6 wt %, and the sum of the mass percentages of the titanium powder, the binder and the solvent is 100 wt %.

[0010] Preferably, the titanium powder is spherical titanium powder or special-shaped titanium powder, and the particle size of the titanium powder is 5 μm to 200 μm.

[0011] Preferably, in the slurry, the binder is selected from one or a mixture of two or more of polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; and the solvent is selected from one or more of water, methanol, and ethanol.

[0012] Preferably, a dispersant Hypermer KD-1 is further added to the slurry, and the mass percentage of the dispersant in the slurry is 0 wt % to 1.6 wt %.

[0013] Preferably, a plasticizer is further added to the slurry, the plasticizer is selected from glycerol or polyethylene glycol, and the mass percentage of the plasticizer in the slurry is 0wt% to 3wt%.

[0014] Preferably, the titanium powder, binder and solvent are mixed by ball milling or mechanical stirring for a time of 0.1 h to 72 h.

[0015] Preferably, the slurry is applied by blade coating or extrusion.

[0016] Preferably, the titanium-based substrate is a titanium-based porous material, including titanium fiber felt, titanium mesh, and porous titanium plate.

[0017] Preferably, the conditions for debinding and sintering are: in an inert atmosphere or vacuum condition, first keep the temperature at 200°C to 600°C for 0.5h to 5h for debinding, then raise the temperature to 800°C to 1300°C and keep the temperature for 0.5h to 3h for sintering.

[0018] The present invention also protects a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, which is prepared by the above preparation method. The microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer consists of a titanium-based substrate and a microporous layer, and the microporous layer is sintered on the surface of the titanium-based substrate.

[0019] Preferably, the microporous layer thickness of the microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is 20 μm to 400 μm. The present invention can adjust the thickness of the microporous layer by adjusting the ratio of each component in the slurry, the slurry viscosity, the coating parameters and the sintering process.

[0020] In addition, the technical solution of the present invention is not limited to preparing the diffusion layer with titanium powder and microporous titanium-based substrate as raw materials, but can also prepare the diffusion layer with nickel powder and microporous nickel-based substrate, or stainless steel powder and microporous stainless steel-based substrate as raw materials.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention first mixes titanium powder, a binder and a solvent to obtain a slurry, and then directly coats the slurry on a titanium-based substrate so that the microporous layer embryo is tightly bonded to the titanium-based substrate. Finally, debinding and sintering are performed. During the debinding and sintering process, the binder and residual solvent are removed, and the titanium powders of the microporous layer and the titanium-based substrate are metallurgically bonded to each other, and the titanium powders of the microporous layer and the titanium-based substrate are metallurgically bonded to obtain a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer.

[0022] 2. The present invention uses a microporous layer to reduce the roughness of the titanium-based substrate surface, which is more suitable for the assembly of the electrolytic cell. The surface of the obtained microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell is flat and smooth, and the membrane electrode will not be pierced.

[0023] 3. The present invention adopts a direct coating method to prepare a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, which allows part of the titanium powder to infiltrate into the titanium-based substrate. The obtained microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer has higher mechanical strength, especially compression characteristics, and is more suitable for pressurized assembly and high-voltage proton exchange membrane stacks.

[0024] 4. In the present invention, the contact mode between the microporous titanium-based diffusion layer and the membrane electrode of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is improved from line contact of the titanium-based substrate to surface contact of the microporous titanium-based substrate, which reduces the contact resistance of the electrolyzer system, increases the reaction active sites, improves the utilization rate of the membrane electrode catalyst, and thus improves the electrochemical performance of the electrolyzer.

[0025] 5. The present invention adjusts the pore size distribution of the titanium-based substrate through metallurgical bonding with a small-pore microporous layer. This increases the number of small pores in the microporous layer in contact with the membrane electrode, further facilitating mass transfer and improving mass transfer efficiency. Specifically, the small pores are less likely to be filled with water, hindering oxygen transfer; the small pore distribution on the membrane electrode surface area is less likely to generate large bubbles, facilitating mass transfer; and the gradient porosity reduces the oxygen saturation at the anode, facilitating water distribution and gas discharge. The gradient porosity is understood as follows: the titanium fiber felt has a high porosity, with a pore size distribution between 32μm and 256μm, while the microporous layer has a low porosity, with a pore size distribution between 6μm and 32μm. The porosity and pore size decrease from the titanium fiber felt to the microporous layer. For example, when a titanium fiber felt with a porosity of 75% is used to make a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, the porosity decreases to 65%. This is due to the low porosity of the microporous layer. The titanium fiber felt and the microporous layer form a gradient porosity.

[0026] 6. Compared with the existing preparation method of microporous titanium felt, the preparation technology of the present invention uses direct coating method and one-step sintering technology, with fewer preparation steps, simple operation process, strong operability, low cost, and easier to achieve mass production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the preparation process of the microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer prepared from the special-shaped titanium powder in Example 1.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a plan view of the microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer prepared from the special-shaped titanium powder in Example 1.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer prepared from spherical titanium powder in Example 2.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a plan view of the microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer prepared from spherical titanium powder in Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples and accompanying drawings. However, the examples are not intended to limit the present invention. The following experimental and detection methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and raw materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0033] Considering that the gas diffusion layer of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer prepared by the existing preparation method is prone to leakage, the present invention first uses titanium powder, a binder and a solvent to prepare a slurry. At this time, the binder connects the titanium powder particles, and the degree of leakage is controlled by controlling the viscosity of the slurry.

[0034] The thickness of the microporous layer affects the mechanical strength of the microporous titanium-based diffusion layer used in proton exchange membrane electrolyzers, such as tensile properties, bending resistance, and compression properties. Electrolyzers of different pressure types have different requirements for the mechanical strength of the diffusion layer. Normal pressure stacks do not have high requirements for mechanical properties, but focus on water vapor transmission, which is suitable for microporous titanium-based substrates with thin microporous layers. Differential pressure stacks or some high-voltage stacks have high requirements for the mechanical properties of the diffusion layer, so they are suitable for microporous titanium-based substrates with thick microporous layers. The method of the present invention effectively controls the thickness of the microporous layer without the problem of material leakage, thereby improving the mechanical properties and service life of the microporous titanium-based diffusion layer used in proton exchange membrane electrolyzers.

[0035] The following examples are used to further study the technical solution of the present invention. The specific research methods and results are as follows: Example 1 A method for preparing a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer comprises the following steps: S1. Use shaped titanium powder, dispersant, binder, plasticizer and solvent as raw materials, wherein the mass percentage of shaped titanium powder is 50wt%, the mass percentage of dispersant Hypermer KD-1 is 0.5wt%, the mass percentage of binder polyvinyl butyral is 3wt%, the mass percentage of plasticizer polyethylene glycol is 1wt%, and the solvent is ethanol; add the shaped titanium powder, dispersant, binder, plasticizer and solvent into a ball mill for mixing, the rotation speed is 300rpm, and the ball milling time is 0.5h to obtain a slurry.

[0036] S2. Add the slurry into the trough of the tape casting machine, use the titanium fiber felt as the substrate, perform tape casting, heat and dry, and obtain a microporous titanium felt precursor.

[0037] S3, put the microporous titanium felt precursor into the sintering furnace, set the debinding temperature to 450℃, keep the temperature constant for 3 hours, then raise the temperature to 950℃ and keep the temperature constant for 2 hours; after completion, demould to obtain a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer with a thickness of 300μm. The structure of the prepared microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is as follows: Figure 2 The morphology of the microporous layer is shown in Figure 3 shown.

[0038] Example 2 A method for preparing a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, having the same preparation steps as in Example 1, except that spherical titanium powder is used instead of irregular-shaped titanium powder, comprises the following steps: S1. Using spherical titanium powder, a dispersant, a binder, a plasticizer, and a solvent as raw materials, wherein the mass percentage of the spherical titanium powder is 50wt%, the mass percentage of the dispersant Hypermer KD-1 is 0.5wt%, the mass percentage of the binder polyvinyl butyral is 3wt%, the mass percentage of the plasticizer polyethylene glycol is 1wt%, and the solvent is ethanol; adding the spherical titanium powder, the dispersant, the binder, the plasticizer, and the solvent into a ball mill for mixing, rotating at 300rpm, and ball milling for 0.5h to obtain a slurry.

[0039] S2. Add the slurry into the trough of the tape casting machine, use the titanium fiber felt as the substrate, perform tape casting, heat and dry, and obtain a microporous titanium felt precursor.

[0040] S3, put the microporous titanium felt precursor into the sintering furnace, set the debinding temperature to 450℃, keep the temperature constant for 3 hours, then raise the temperature to 950℃ and keep the temperature constant for 2 hours; after completion, demould to obtain a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer with a thickness of 300μm. The structure of the prepared microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is as follows: Figure 4 The morphology of the microporous layer is shown in Figure 5 shown.

[0041] Example 3 A method for preparing a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer comprises the following steps: S1. Spherical titanium powder, dispersant, binder, plasticizer and solvent are used as raw materials, wherein the mass percentage of spherical titanium powder is 60wt%, the mass percentage of dispersant Hypermer KD-1 is 0.5wt%, the mass percentage of binder polyvinyl butyral is 5wt%, the mass percentage of plasticizer polyethylene glycol is 1wt%, and the solvent is ethanol; the spherical titanium powder, dispersant, binder, plasticizer and solvent are added together into a ball mill for mixing, the rotation speed is 300rpm, and the ball milling time is 0.5h to obtain a slurry.

[0042] S2. Add the slurry into the trough of the tape casting machine, use the titanium fiber felt as the substrate, perform tape casting, heat and dry, and obtain a microporous titanium felt precursor.

[0043] S3. Place the microporous titanium felt precursor into a sintering furnace, set the debinding temperature to 450°C, keep the temperature constant for 3 hours, then raise the temperature to 950°C and sinter for 2 hours; after completion, demould to obtain a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer with a thickness of 650 μm.

[0044] Figures 2 to 5 The results show that the method of the present invention can accurately prepare a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane electrolyzers with effectively controlled microporous layer thickness. It has wide adaptability and can achieve good matching of titanium felts of different thicknesses and various types of titanium powders.

[0045] Example 4 A method for preparing a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer comprises the following steps: S1. Using spherical titanium powder, a dispersant, a binder, a plasticizer, and a solvent as raw materials, wherein the mass percentage of the spherical titanium powder is 40wt%, the mass percentage of the dispersant Hypermer KD-1 is 1.6wt%, the mass percentage of the binder polyvinylpyrrolidone is 6wt%, the mass percentage of the plasticizer glycerol is 3wt%, and the solvent is ethanol; stirring the spherical titanium powder, the dispersant, the binder, the plasticizer, and the solvent together for 3h to obtain a slurry.

[0046] S2. Add the slurry into the trough of the tape casting machine, use the porous titanium plate as the substrate, perform tape casting, heat and dry, and obtain a microporous porous titanium plate precursor.

[0047] S3. Place the microporous titanium plate precursor into a sintering furnace, set the debinding temperature to 200°C, keep the temperature constant for 5 hours, then raise the temperature to 1050°C and sinter for 3 hours; after completion, demould to obtain a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer.

[0048] Example 5 A method for preparing a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer comprises the following steps: S1. Using spherical titanium powder, a binder, and a solvent as raw materials, wherein the mass percentage of the spherical titanium powder is 80wt%, the mass percentage of the binder sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 2wt%, and the solvent is water; stirring the spherical titanium powder, the binder, and the solvent together for 3 hours to obtain a slurry.

[0049] S2. Add the slurry into the trough of the tape casting machine, use the titanium mesh as the substrate, perform tape casting, heat and dry, and obtain a microporous titanium mesh precursor.

[0050] S3. Place the microporous titanium mesh precursor into a sintering furnace, set the debinding temperature to 600°C, keep the temperature constant for 0.5h, then raise the temperature to 1300°C, and sinter for 0.5h; after completion, demould to obtain a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer.

[0051] The proton exchange membrane electrolyzer prepared in Example 1 was characterized and tested using a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer. The results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Comparison of parameters of microporous titanium-based diffusion layer and titanium fiber felt for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer The results in Table 1 show that compared with titanium fiber felt, the tensile strength of the microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer of the present invention is enhanced, the compression rate is reduced, and the mechanical properties are effectively improved; the contact resistance is effectively reduced, and the charge transfer capacity is improved; the roughness is reduced, and the phenomenon of piercing the membrane electrode is effectively reduced.

[0052] The porosity and pore size distribution of the gas diffusion layer play an important role in water vapor management. High porosity can promote gas transmission but has a high contact resistance. A gas diffusion layer with a small pore size has a lower contact resistance, which can inhibit the generation of large bubbles and facilitate the mass transfer process. Therefore, the present invention optimizes the surface structure of the gas diffusion layer to prepare a microporous titanium felt gas diffusion layer with a gradient porosity. The porosity gradually increases from the electrode catalyst to the flow channel, which is beneficial to reducing contact resistance, increasing mass transfer efficiency, and increasing the contact area with the catalyst layer, thereby increasing the active sites for the reaction and improving the electrochemical performance of the electrolytic cell in the electrolytic cell.

[0053] It should be noted that the technical meaning of the numerical range described in the claims of the present invention should be interpreted as covering the two endpoint values ​​of the range and any continuous or discrete numerical points between the endpoints. In order to avoid redundant descriptions, this article only exemplifies the preferred technical solutions through typical embodiments, but this does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection. Based on the understanding of the core innovative concept of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent substitutions, parameter adjustments or process improvements to the embodiments. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be based on the claims, and its legal effect covers all reasonable variations and adaptive modifications derived from the basic technical concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, characterized in that: The steps include: The titanium powder, the binder and the solvent are uniformly mixed to obtain a slurry; in the slurry, the mass percentage of the titanium powder is 40wt% to 80wt%; The slurry is coated on a titanium-based substrate and dried to obtain a microporous titanium-based substrate precursor; The microporous titanium-based substrate precursor is subjected to debinding and sintering. During the debinding and sintering process, the binder and residual solvent are removed, and at the same time, metallurgical bonding is performed between titanium powder and titanium powder, and between titanium powder and titanium-based substrate to obtain a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer.

2. The method for preparing a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the slurry, the mass percentage of the binder is 2wt%~6wt%, and the sum of the mass percentages of the titanium powder, the binder and the solvent is 100wt%.

3. The method for preparing a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The titanium powder is spherical titanium powder or special-shaped titanium powder, and the particle size of the titanium powder is 5 μm to 200 μm.

4. The method for preparing a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the slurry, the binder is selected from one or a mixture of two or more of polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; and the solvent is selected from one or more of water, methanol, and ethanol.

5. The method for preparing a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dispersant Hypermer KD-1 is further added to the slurry, and the mass percentage of the dispersant in the slurry is 0 wt % to 1.6 wt %.

6. The method for preparing a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plasticizer is further added to the slurry. The plasticizer is selected from propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol. The mass percentage of the plasticizer in the slurry is 0wt% to 3wt%.

7. The method for preparing a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The titanium-based substrate is a titanium-based porous material.

8. The method for preparing a microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conditions for debinding and sintering are: in an inert atmosphere or vacuum conditions, first keep the temperature at 200℃~600℃ for 0.5h~5h, then raise the temperature to 800℃~1300℃ and keep it for 0.5h~3h.

9. A microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, characterized in that: The microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and consists of a titanium-based substrate and a microporous layer, and the microporous layer is sintered on the surface of the titanium-based substrate.

10. The microporous titanium-based diffusion layer for a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thickness of the microporous layer of the microporous titanium-based diffusion layer used in the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is 20 μm to 400 μm.

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