High-temperature and high-pressure integrated cable formation tester

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature and high-pressure integrated cable formation tester. The technical problems that an existing cable formation tester is poor in temperature-resistant and pressure-resistant effect, low in integration level, single in function and the like are solved. The cable formation tester comprises an electronic circuit pup joint, a multi-PVT sampling pup joint, a fluid identification pup joint, a pumping pup joint, an upper jam releasing pup joint, a double-probe pup joint, a lower jam releasing pup joint, a 3D probe pup joint and a double-packer pup joint which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The fluid identification short section is provided with a density probe, a conductivity probe, a viscosity probe, a pressure probe, a temperature probe, a spectral component probe and a spectral fluorescence probe, and the density probe, the conductivity probe, the viscosity probe, the pressure probe, the temperature probe, the spectral component probe and the spectral fluorescence probe are integrally packaged on the fluid identification short section. The cable formation tester can meet the continuous working condition in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and is higher in integration level, more comprehensive in function and more reliable in operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of formation testers, and in particular relates to a high-temperature and high-pressure integrated cable formation tester. Background Art

[0002] A wireline formation tester is a device used in oil and gas exploration. It uses a cable to lower the test instrument into the well to directly measure the physical and chemical properties of the formation. A wireline formation tester provides information on the type of fluid, pressure, permeability, and other key parameters near the wellbore wall, making it an important tool for evaluating oil and gas reservoirs.

[0003] With the deepening of exploration and development, high temperature and high pressure in deep layers have gradually become the norm. Existing cable formation testers have the following problems:

[0004] (1) Poor temperature resistance: The existing equipment can only withstand temperatures of 150°C, which cannot meet high temperature requirements;

[0005] (2) Poor pressure resistance: The existing equipment can withstand a pressure of 105 MPa, which cannot meet the needs of high-pressure wells;

[0006] (3) Poor integration, long instruments, and high downhole operation risks

[0007] (4) Incomplete functions and inability to meet the needs of complex reservoirs: Existing equipment can only meet the sampling of fluids above 7mD / cP, and the sampling success rate is very low below this value;

[0008] (5) Weak fluid identification capability: It only has density and conductivity sensors, and cannot perform quantitative analysis or component analysis on the fluid, which cannot meet user needs.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a cable formation tester that is resistant to high temperature and high pressure, has powerful functions, strong adaptability, high integration, and is stable and reliable to meet the new demands of exploration and development for cable formation testing. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to solve all or part of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature and high-pressure integrated cable formation tester that meets the continuous working conditions under high-temperature and high-pressure environments, and the cable formation tester has higher integration, more comprehensive functions, and more reliable operation.

[0011] The present invention provides a high-temperature and high-pressure integrated cable formation tester, comprising an electronic circuit sub, a multi-PVT sampling sub, a fluid identification sub, a pumping sub, an upper release sub, a dual-probe sub, a lower release sub, a 3D probe sub, and a dual packer sub, which are sequentially connected from top to bottom.

[0012] The fluid identification short section has a density probe, a conductivity probe, a viscosity probe, a pressure probe, a temperature probe, a spectral component probe and a spectral fluorescence probe, and the density probe, conductivity probe, viscosity probe, pressure probe, temperature probe, spectral component probe and spectral fluorescence probe are integrated and packaged on the fluid identification short section.

[0013] Optionally, the spectral component probe and spectral fluorescence probe respectively use downhole near-infrared full-spectrum scanning and imaging probes to scan the formation fluid in real time and provide data information on the density, conductivity, viscosity, component content, oil-water ratio, gas-oil ratio, crude oil API, asphaltene content and water contamination level of the formation fluid.

[0014] Optionally, the electronic circuit short section can provide the power supply, communication and main control required for the operation of each short section, and process the data transmitted by each short section and transmit it to the ground through a cable, so that the staff can view the instrument status through the transmitted data and control each short section accordingly.

[0015] Optionally, each multi-sampling module of the multi-PVT sampling nipple carries 6 PVT sample cylinders, and the volume of each sample cylinder is 960CC.

[0016] Optionally, the pumping nipple includes a hydraulic balancing module, a broadband hydraulic power module and a pumping module, the hydraulic balancing module is used to balance the internal and external environmental pressures, the broadband hydraulic power module is used to provide a controllable broadband hydraulic power system, and the pumping module and the broadband hydraulic power module can collaboratively control the pumping fluid speed and volume.

[0017] Optionally, the upper jamming release sub and the lower jamming release sub can be pushed against the well wall synchronously to release the tool smoothly.

[0018] Optionally, the dual probe pup joint, 3D probe pup joint and dual packer pup joint are probe pup joints for three different reservoirs. The dual probe pup joint is used for medium and high permeability reservoirs, the 3D probe pup joint is used for low or ultra-low permeability reservoirs, and the packer pup joint is used for fractured and porous reservoirs.

[0019] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the high-temperature and high-pressure integrated cable formation tester provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] The cable formation tester utilizes temperature- and pressure-resistant probes, coupled with an integrated packaging design, enabling it to operate continuously in high-temperature and high-pressure environments, making it safer and more reliable. Furthermore, its higher level of integration and comprehensive functionality not only reduce the instrument's size to meet the operational requirements of small-diameter wellbores, but also provide a more robust data base for formation testing.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the description that follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solution of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the technical solution of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cable formation tester in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Description of reference numerals:

[0025] 1. Electronic circuit sub; 2. Multi-PVT sampling sub; 3. Fluid identification sub; 4. Pumping sub; 5. Upper release sub; 6. Dual probe sub; 7. Lower release sub; 8. 3D probe sub; 9. Dual packer sub. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein can be combined with each other in any manner.

[0027] like Figure 1 FIG2 shows an embodiment of the present invention, which discloses a high-temperature and high-pressure integrated cable formation tester, including an electronic circuit short section 1, a multi-PVT sampling short section 2, a fluid identification short section 3, a pumping short section 4, an upper release short section 5, a dual probe short section 6, a lower release short section 7, a 3D probe short section 8 and a dual packer short section 9, which are connected in sequence from top to bottom.

[0028] The electronic circuit short section 1 can provide the power supply, communication and main control required for the operation of each short section, and process the data transmitted by each short section and transmit it to the ground through the cable, so that the staff can check the instrument status through the transmitted data and control each short section accordingly.

[0029] The electronic circuit sub 1 in this embodiment integrates the existing power module and measurement and control module, shortening its length by one-third and eliminating the intermediate connection, further improving the instrument's reliability. Furthermore, a vacuum and nitrogen filling device is added to the electronic circuit sub 1 to accommodate the moist and humid air of southern China.

[0030] In this embodiment, the multi-PVT sampling sub 2 is based on electronic dynamic address allocation. Each multi-sampling module is set with an independent ID through electronic addressing, which can achieve an unlimited number of identical modules that can be connected to the well at one time. Each multi-sampling module adopts self-balancing single-phase formation fluid sampling tube technology and uses a self-balancing piston to eliminate the RGD phenomenon. Each multi-sampling module is isolated by silicone grease to prevent sample contamination. At the same time, each multi-sampling module adopts low-impact sampling technology, with a controllable outlet and sampling system design to achieve low-impact sampling to obtain purer PVT samples. In addition, each multi-sampling module uses a digital connector to significantly shorten the instrument length and effectively increase the sample tube volume.

[0031] In this embodiment, each multi-sampling module can carry 6 PVT sample tubes, each with a volume of 960CC. The number and capacity of the samples carried are higher than those of other similar devices.

[0032] Existing sampling modules typically consist of two parts: a control circuit. To improve its temperature resistance, a thermos, endotherm, and thermal insulation sleeve are designed, resulting in long length, complex structure, and a high failure rate. The other part is the multi-PVT module. The multi-PVT sampling sub 2 in this embodiment combines the control circuit with the multi-PVT module, employing a high-temperature integrated circuit, shrinking the two circuits into a single unit. The thermos and other components are eliminated, and the circuit board is directly connected to the control terminal of the multi-PVT sampling sub 2, eliminating any intermediate links. This significantly improves stability and reliability.

[0033] In this embodiment, the fluid identification sub 3 includes a density probe, a conductivity probe, a viscosity probe, a pressure probe, a temperature probe, a spectral composition probe, and a spectral fluorescence probe. These probes are temperature- and pressure-resistant components to meet high-temperature and high-pressure operating conditions. These three components are integrated and packaged within the fluid identification sub 3.

[0034] In this embodiment, the spectral component probe and the spectral fluorescence probe respectively use downhole near-infrared full-spectrum scanning and imaging probes to scan the formation fluid in real time, and provide data information on the density, conductivity, viscosity, component content, oil-water ratio, gas-oil ratio, crude oil API, asphaltene content and water contamination level of the formation fluid, providing a direct basis for fluid property identification.

[0035] The existing fluid identification sub 3 typically consists of three modules: a conventional fluid identification module, including density and conductivity fluid identification probes; a viscosity module, including viscosity, pressure, and temperature fluid measurement probes; and an optical module, including spectral composition and spectral fluorescence probes. The fluid identification sub 3 in this application integrates seven probes and the control and processing circuitry into a single sub, shortening its length by more than half. Furthermore, local processing makes data more accurate and reliable, thereby improving well logging accuracy.

[0036] In this embodiment, the pumping subsection 4 includes a hydraulic balancing module, a broadband hydraulic power module and a pumping module. The hydraulic balancing module is used to balance the internal and external environmental pressures. The broadband hydraulic power module is used to provide a controllable broadband hydraulic power system. The pumping module and the broadband hydraulic power module can coordinately control the pumping fluid speed and volume.

[0037] The pumping nipple 4 in this embodiment has four functions: balancing the internal and external environmental pressures to keep the hydraulic system in a relatively balanced environment; providing a precisely controllable, wide-band, stable and reliable hydraulic power system; starting at low pressure to protect the hydraulic system; and precisely controlling the pumping fluid suction volume.

[0038] The pumping sub 4 in this embodiment combines the original hydraulic balancing module, wide-band speed-regulating hydraulic power module, and precision pumping module into a single module, approximately half the length of the original. Furthermore, the wide-band speed-regulating hydraulic power directly controls the pumping cylinder, reducing intermediate hydraulic system resistance and improving the instrument's stability and reliability. Furthermore, the pumping sub 4 utilizes "one unit, two hooks," SPWM closed-loop regulation, linear displacement, and pressure feedback technologies to precisely control the pumping fluid velocity and volume, providing a foundation for pressure measurement and sampling.

[0039] In this embodiment, the upper and lower release subs 5 and 7 are designed to push against the wellbore wall simultaneously to release the instrument. When the probe is operating against the wellbore wall for extended periods, it can become stuck due to the pressure differential between the probe's interior and exterior. The upper and lower release subs 5 and 7 are used to generate a strong vertical thrust against the probe to release the probe's stuck state.

[0040] In this embodiment, the dual-probe pup joint 6, the 3D probe pup joint 8 and the dual-packer pup joint 9 are probe pup joints for three different reservoirs. The dual-probe pup joint 6 is used for medium- and high-permeability reservoirs, the 3D probe pup joint 8 is used for low- or ultra-low-permeability reservoirs, and the packer pup joint is used for fractured and pore-type reservoirs.

[0041] The high-temperature, high-pressure integrated cable formation tester in this embodiment uses MCM technology (multi-chip module packaging), enabling various control circuits to operate continuously for 40 hours at 205°C. Furthermore, the density probe and conductivity probe each use ultra-high-temperature components, enabling unlimited operation at 205°C.

[0042] The wireline formation tester also features a miniaturized design, making it more compact and smaller, reducing the instrument's size and volume to meet the operational requirements of small-diameter wellbores. Furthermore, the wireline formation tester boasts a higher level of integration and more comprehensive functionality, providing a more comprehensive data base for formation testing and thus improving logging accuracy.

[0043] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0044] In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means more than two, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high temperature and high pressure integrated cable formation tester, characterized in that: The device comprises an electronic circuit sub (1), a multi-PVT sampling sub (2), a fluid identification sub (3), a pumping sub (4), an upper release sub (5), a dual probe sub (6), a lower release sub (7), a 3D probe sub (8) and a dual packer sub (9), which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The fluid identification short section (3) has a density probe, a conductivity probe, a viscosity probe, a pressure probe, a temperature probe, a spectral component probe, and a spectral fluorescence probe, and the density probe, the conductivity probe, the viscosity probe, the pressure probe, the temperature probe, the spectral component probe, and the spectral fluorescence probe are integrated and packaged on the fluid identification short section (3).

2. The high-temperature and high-pressure integrated cable formation tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spectral component probe and spectral fluorescence probe respectively use downhole near-infrared full-spectrum scanning and imaging probes to scan formation fluids in real time and provide data information on density, conductivity, viscosity, component content, oil-water ratio, gas-oil ratio, crude oil API, asphaltene content and water contamination level of the formation fluid.

3. The high-temperature and high-pressure integrated cable formation tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic circuit short section (1) can provide the power supply, communication and main control required for the operation of each short section, and process the data transmitted by each short section and transmit it to the ground through a cable, so that the staff can check the instrument status through the transmitted data and control each short section accordingly.

4. The high-temperature and high-pressure integrated cable formation tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each multi-sampling module of the multi-PVT sampling nipple (2) carries 6 PVT sample cylinders, and the volume of each sample cylinder is 960CC.

5. The high-temperature and high-pressure integrated cable formation tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pumping nipple (4) comprises a hydraulic balancing module, a broadband hydraulic power module and a pumping module, wherein the hydraulic balancing module is used to balance the internal and external environmental pressures, and the broadband hydraulic power module is used to provide a controllable broadband hydraulic power system, and the pumping module and the broadband hydraulic power module can collaboratively control the pumping fluid speed and volume.

6. The high-temperature and high-pressure integrated cable formation tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper unjamming short section (5) and the lower unjamming short section (7) can be pushed against the well wall synchronously to enable the instrument to be unjammed smoothly.

7. The high-temperature and high-pressure integrated cable formation tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual probe pup joint (6), 3D probe pup joint (8) and dual packer pup joint (9) are probe pup joints for three different reservoirs. The dual probe pup joint (6) is used for medium and high permeability reservoirs, the 3D probe pup joint (8) is used for low or ultra-low permeability reservoirs, and the packer pup joint is used for fractured and pore-type reservoirs.

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