Self-adaptive flexible dust suppression system in material transfer process of ship unloader

Abstract

The invention relates to a ship unloader material transfer process adaptive flexible dust suppression system, which comprises an environment sensing module, an integrated multi-parameter dust concentration sensor array, a temperature and humidity sensor and a material characteristic detection unit, and is used for collecting dust concentration, environment temperature and humidity and material viscosity / granularity data in a transfer area in real time; the data processing module is based on a dynamic model library constructed by an embedded industrial computer, comprises a fuzzy control algorithm and a lightweight neural network, and is used for fusing multi-source sensing data and generating a dust suppression strategy; the flexible dust suppression execution module is composed of a variable-angle high-pressure atomizing nozzle array, a dynamic pressure regulating valve group and a flexible sealing cover body; and the self-adaptive control module is internally provided with a non-linear mapping table based on the material transfer speed and the dust generation amount, and real-time adjustment of the nozzle pressure and the spraying angle is achieved through PID and expert rule mixed control. Accurate dust suppression for different materials is achieved, and the reliability and environmental protection performance of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of automated port material transfer, and in particular to an adaptive flexible dust suppression system for the material transfer process of a ship unloader. Background Art

[0002] In the field of bulk material handling equipment, ship unloaders are core equipment in ports, mines, and other locations. Dust control during material transfer has always been an industry challenge. Traditional ship unloader dust suppression systems suffer from common technical limitations: most devices utilize an open-loop, timed spray mode, relying on fixed parameters to control nozzle pressure and angle. These systems cannot dynamically adjust to actual material characteristics (such as viscosity and particle size) or transfer speed, resulting in unstable dust suppression and high energy consumption. At the sensor level, existing technologies monitor the environment using only a single dust concentration sensor. This lacks the ability to comprehensively collect key parameters such as temperature, humidity, and material viscosity, making it difficult to build an accurate environmental model. Regarding actuators, fixed nozzle angles and pressures cannot adapt to variations in dust diffusion patterns under different operating conditions. Rigid sealing covers, with their non-adjustable contact pressure, are susceptible to dust leakage caused by impact from large-particle materials. The energy supply system relies on the mains power supply, making it susceptible to failure during power outages or voltage fluctuations, and lacks redundancy. Furthermore, traditional sealing structures are prone to excessive contact pressure during the transfer of fine-particle materials, leading to material accumulation and further exacerbating dust generation. The above-mentioned deficiencies make it difficult for existing technologies to meet the demand for precise dust suppression for multiple materials and multiple working conditions, and their environmental compliance is also limited. To address these shortcomings, the present invention proposes a flexible dust suppression system with multi-module collaboration and adaptive parameter adjustment. This system aims to achieve precise dust suppression for different materials through a closed-loop architecture of environmental perception, data processing, execution control, and energy management, thereby improving system reliability and environmental performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an adaptive flexible dust suppression system for the material transfer process of a ship unloader, comprising an environmental perception module, an integrated multi-parameter dust concentration sensor array, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a material property detection unit, for real-time collection of dust concentration, ambient temperature and humidity, and material viscosity / particle size data in the transfer area; a data processing module, a dynamic model library constructed based on an embedded industrial computer, comprising a fuzzy control algorithm and a lightweight neural network, for fusing multi-source perception data and generating a dust suppression strategy; a flexible dust suppression execution module, consisting of a variable-angle high-pressure atomizing nozzle array, a dynamic pressure regulating valve group, and a flexible sealing cover; an adaptive control module, a built-in nonlinear mapping table based on material transfer speed-dust generation amount, which realizes real-time adjustment of nozzle pressure and injection angle through PID and expert rule hybrid control, and the flexible dust suppression execution module communicates with the adaptive control module via a CAN bus; an energy management module, a microgrid system consisting of a solar panel and a supercapacitor group, which provides independent power supply for the environmental perception module; Each module builds a closed-loop control link through industrial Ethernet, and the environmental perception module transmits data to the data processing module through industrial Ethernet; the data processing module generates control instructions and drives the flexible dust suppression execution module via the CAN bus; the adaptive control module corrects the control parameters according to the execution feedback to form a closed-loop regulation; the energy management module provides main / backup power switching and continuous power supply for the entire system.

[0004] Furthermore, the multi-parameter dust concentration sensor array adopts an optical detection unit based on the Mie scattering principle, with a measuring range of 0-2000 mg / m³, a resolution of 0.01 mg / m³, a response time of ≤0.5s, and the spacing between each sensor in the array is set to 1 / 3 of the width of the transfer channel to form continuous spatial coverage.

[0005] Furthermore, the temperature and humidity sensor integrates a thin-film platinum resistor and a polymer capacitive humidity detection element. The temperature measurement range is -50~150℃, the accuracy is ±0.1℃, the humidity measurement range is 0~100%RH, the accuracy is ±1.5%RH, and the data refresh cycle is ≤100ms. The material property detection unit uses near-infrared spectroscopy analysis technology to identify material categories. The spectral wavelength range is 800-2500nm, and the classification accuracy is ≥95%.

[0006] Furthermore, the lightweight neural network in the dynamic model library adopts a convolutional neural network architecture. The input layer contains 16 nodes, and 4 historical time point data for dust concentration, material viscosity, transfer speed, and ambient humidity. The hidden layer has two layers with a total of 32 neurons. The output layer generates the basic nozzle pressure value and the initial injection angle. The neural network realizes real-time update of operation data through an online incremental learning algorithm, and the learning rate is dynamically adjusted in the range of 0.001~0.1; the fuzzy control algorithm adopts a Mamdani-type inference mechanism, and the membership function selects Gaussian type. The rule base contains 30 control rules for different material characteristics.

[0007] Furthermore, the variable-angle high-pressure atomizing nozzle array is made of corrosion-resistant alloy material, the flow range of a single nozzle is 1-100L / min, the spray angle is continuously adjusted from 0 to 180° by a servo motor-driven cam mechanism, the nozzle spacing is set to 1.2 times the width of the material grab bucket, the atomized particle size distribution range is 10-500μm, and the nozzle array coverage area forms an atomization barrier with a longitudinal overlap rate of ≥30%.

[0008] Furthermore, the dynamic pressure regulating valve group adopts electro-hydraulic proportional control technology, with a pressure adjustment range of 0.05-3.0MPa, a response time of ≤30ms, a valve core displacement resolution of 0.1μm, and a piezoelectric pressure sensor integrated in the valve body to form a closed-loop control circuit. The pressure control accuracy is ±0.01MPa, and the flow characteristic curve linearity is ≥99%.

[0009] Furthermore, the flexible sealing cover is composed of three layers of composite materials, the outer layer is fluororubber-coated glass fiber cloth, the middle layer is high-elastic sponge, and the inner layer is polytetrafluoroethylene film. An electromagnetically driven sealing strip is set at the bottom of the cover. The contact pressure between the sealing strip and the transfer belt can be adjusted in the range of 0-100N. A pressure sensor array is set on the surface of the sealing strip. The pressure data feedback cycle is ≤50ms. The observation window on the top of the cover is made of explosion-proof glass. The automatic cleaning device integrates high-pressure water jets and rotating brush heads, and the cleaning cycle can be set to 1-60 minutes.

[0010] Furthermore, the nonlinear mapping table is established through the orthogonal experimental method, covering three typical materials: viscous material viscosity range of 1000-10000mPa·s, bulk material particle size range of 1-500mm, and powder material particle size range of 0.1-10mm. The mapping table data point interval is set to a transfer speed of 0.05m / s and a dust concentration of 5mg / m³. Each material category contains at least 200 sets of experimental data; in the PID and expert rule hybrid control, the PID parameters are dynamically adjusted through the self-tuning algorithm, and the self-tuning cycle is set to be triggered when the change in material properties exceeds the threshold. The expert rule library contains 30 emergency control strategies for sudden dust outbreaks. The strategy triggering conditions include two modes: dust concentration mutation rate ≥30mg / m³·s and material viscosity change rate ≥20%. The strategy execution priority is divided according to the risk level.

[0011] Furthermore, the solar panels use copper indium gallium selenide thin-film components with an adjustable peak power of 150-300W and a conversion efficiency of ≥16%. The supercapacitor group is composed of multiple single capacitors in parallel, with a single capacitor capacity of 500-2000F and a rated voltage of 2.7V. Energy management is achieved through a bidirectional DC / DC converter. The microgrid system supports automatic switching when the main power supply fails, with a switching time of ≤10ms and a continuous power supply time of ≥96 hours. The energy management module integrates a maximum power point tracking algorithm with a tracking efficiency of ≥98%, a charging current adjustment range of 0-50A, and a discharge cut-off voltage set to 22V.

[0012] Furthermore, the system is equipped with a four-level fault protection mechanism. When the dust concentration remains above 1000mg / m³ for 3s, the maximum dust suppression mode is activated, the nozzle pressure is increased to 2.5MPa, and the spray angle is expanded to 150°. When the pressure of the sealing cover is abnormal and the pressure value deviates from the set value by ±20%, it switches to the backup nozzle array, and the flow rate of the backup array is 150% of the original array. When the energy module voltage is lower than 24V, the control module refresh frequency is automatically reduced to 1Hz. When the communication is interrupted for more than 5s, the preset safety strategy is executed, the nozzle pressure is reduced to 0.5MPa, and the sealing cover is completely closed.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: multi-parameter fusion perception improves the accuracy of environmental modeling, near-infrared spectroscopy realizes automatic identification of material categories, and provides a data basis for dynamic control; dynamic adjustment of nozzle angle and pressure forms an adaptive atomization barrier, the flexible design of the sealing cover reduces material impact leakage, the mapping table quantifies the relationship between material properties and dust suppression parameters, hybrid control realizes rapid response to sudden dust outbreaks, the combination of thin-film solar energy and supercapacitors improves adaptability to weak light environments, and seamless switching ensures the continuous operation of key modules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 The figure is a flowchart of the system working process of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 100, environmental perception module; 110, dust concentration sensor array; 120, temperature and humidity sensor; 130, material property detection unit; 200, data processing module; 210, industrial computer; 220, dynamic model library; 300, flexible dust suppression execution module; 310, high-pressure atomizing nozzle array; 320, dynamic pressure regulating valve group; 330, flexible sealing cover; 400, adaptive control module; 500, energy management module; 510, solar panel; 520, supercapacitor group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0019] like Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, the present invention discloses an adaptive flexible dust suppression system for the material transfer process of a ship unloader, comprising an environmental sensing module 100, which integrates a multi-parameter dust concentration sensor array 110, a temperature and humidity sensor 120, and a material property detection unit 130, for real-time collection of dust concentration, ambient temperature and humidity, and material viscosity / particle size data in the transfer area; a data processing module 200, which includes a dynamic model library 220 built on an embedded industrial computer 210 and includes a fuzzy control algorithm and a lightweight neural network for fusing multi-source perception data and generating a dust suppression strategy; and a flexible dust suppression execution module 300. , consisting of a variable-angle high-pressure atomizing nozzle array 310, a dynamic pressure regulating valve group 320, and a flexible sealing cover 330; the adaptive control module 400 has a built-in nonlinear mapping table based on material transfer speed-dust generation, and uses PID and expert rule hybrid control to achieve real-time adjustment of nozzle pressure and spray angle. The flexible dust suppression execution module 300 communicates with the adaptive control module 400 via the CAN bus; the energy management module 500 uses a microgrid system composed of solar panels 510 and supercapacitor groups 520 to provide independent power supply for the environmental sensing module 100;

[0020] Each module builds a closed-loop control link through industrial Ethernet. The output signal of the environmental perception module is generated by the data processing module to generate control instructions, driving the flexible dust suppression execution module to act. The adaptive control module corrects the control parameters based on real-time feedback, and the energy management module provides redundant power supply for the entire system.

[0021] The solar panel charges the supercapacitor to 24V, and the pressure of the electromagnetic strip of the sealing cover is preset to 50N. The data processing module loads the pre-trained CNN model and fuzzy control rule library. The grab grabs the coal and releases it into the chute. The near-infrared spectrometer identifies the coal type and transmits it to the data processing module. The environmental perception module collects dust concentration (initial 200mg / m³), temperature and humidity (25℃ / 60%RH), and material viscosity (4000mPa·s) in real time. The CNN model outputs a basic nozzle pressure of 1.2MPa and an initial angle of 90°. The fuzzy control adjusts the pressure to 1.5MPa based on the current dust concentration. The dynamic pressure valve group adjusts the water supply pipeline pressure, and the nozzle array is A 1.5MPa, 90° spray atomizing water curtain maintains a contact pressure of 50N on the sealed cover. When the dust concentration suddenly increases to 600mg / m³ (sudden change rate 40mg / (m³·s)), the expert rule base triggers the maximum dust suppression mode, the nozzle pressure is increased to 2.5MPa, and the spray angle is expanded to 150°. The backup nozzle array (flow rate 75L / min) is started, and the atomized particle size is reduced to 50μm. If the main power supply is cut off, the supercapacitor group immediately supplies power and the system switches to frequency reduction mode (control module refresh rate 1Hz) to maintain basic dust suppression function. If the pressure sensor of the sealed cover detects that the contact force is lower than 40N, the system alarms and adjusts the electromagnetic strip pressure to 60N.

[0022] The multi-parameter dust concentration sensor array 110 adopts an optical detection unit based on the Mie scattering principle, with a range of 0-2000 mg / m³, a resolution of 0.01 mg / m³, and a response time of ≤0.5s. The spacing between each sensor in the array is set to 1 / 3 of the width of the transfer channel to form continuous spatial coverage.

[0023] The temperature and humidity sensor 120 integrates a thin-film platinum resistor and a polymer capacitive humidity detection element. The temperature measurement range is -50~150℃ with an accuracy of ±0.1℃, the humidity measurement range is 0~100%RH with an accuracy of ±1.5%RH, and the data refresh period is ≤100ms. The material property detection unit 130 uses near-infrared spectroscopy analysis technology to identify material categories. The spectral wavelength range is 800-2500nm, and the classification accuracy rate is ≥95%.

[0024] Among them, Mie scattering principle sensors (range 0~2000mg / m³, resolution 0.01mg / m³) are selected, and three groups are arranged horizontally along the guide trough, with a spacing of 1.2m (the guide trough width is 3.6m); the sensor output signal is aggregated to the data acquisition unit through the RS485 bus, with a sampling period of 50ms; the temperature and humidity sensor is installed in the center of the top of the guide trough, and the thin film platinum resistor (PT1000) is integrated with the polymer capacitive humidity unit, with a data refresh rate of 10Hz; the near-infrared spectrometer (wavelength range 800~2500nm, resolution 2nm) is installed at the grab unloading point, and the spectral data is transmitted to the data processing module via optical fiber. The classification algorithm is based on the support vector machine (SVM), and the training samples cover 5 types of coal.

[0025] The lightweight neural network in the dynamic model library 220 adopts a convolutional neural network architecture. The input layer contains 16 nodes, and 4 historical time point data for dust concentration, material viscosity, transfer speed, and ambient humidity. The hidden layer has two layers with a total of 32 neurons. The output layer generates the basic nozzle pressure value and the initial injection angle. The neural network uses an online incremental learning algorithm to achieve real-time update of operation data, and the learning rate is dynamically adjusted in the range of 0.001~0.1; the fuzzy control algorithm adopts a Mamdani-type inference mechanism, and the membership function selects a Gaussian type. The rule base contains 30 control rules for different material characteristics.

[0026] The dynamic model library, deployed in the memory of an embedded industrial computer, contains a pretrained CNN model (16 nodes in the input layer and 32 neurons in the hidden layer) and a fuzzy control rule library (30 rules). After receiving sensory data, the CNN model outputs the basic nozzle pressure (0.5-2.0 MPa) and initial angle (30-120°) every 200 milliseconds. The fuzzy control algorithm fine-tunes these basic parameters within ±20% based on the current dust concentration (0-800 mg / m³) and material viscosity (3000-5000 mPa·s).

[0027] The variable-angle high-pressure atomizing nozzle array 310 is made of corrosion-resistant alloy. The flow rate range of a single nozzle is 1-100 L / min. The spray angle is continuously adjusted from 0 to 180° by a servo motor-driven cam mechanism. The nozzle spacing is set to 1.2 times the width of the material grab bucket. The atomized particle size distribution range is 10-500 μm. The nozzle array coverage area forms an atomization barrier with a longitudinal overlap rate of ≥30%.

[0028] The dynamic pressure regulating valve group 320 adopts electro-hydraulic proportional control technology, with a pressure adjustment range of 0.05-3.0MPa, a response time of ≤30ms, a valve core displacement resolution of 0.1μm, and a piezoelectric pressure sensor integrated in the valve body to form a closed-loop control circuit. The pressure control accuracy is ±0.01MPa, and the flow characteristic curve linearity is ≥99%.

[0029] The flexible sealing cover 330 is made of three layers of composite material. The outer layer is fluororubber-coated glass fiber cloth, the middle layer is high-elastic sponge, and the inner layer is polytetrafluoroethylene film. An electromagnetically driven sealing strip is set at the bottom of the cover. The contact pressure between the sealing strip and the transfer belt can be adjusted in the range of 0-100N. A pressure sensor array is set on the surface of the sealing strip. The pressure data feedback cycle is ≤50ms. The observation window on the top of the cover is made of explosion-proof glass. The automatic cleaning device integrates high-pressure water jets and rotating brush heads. The cleaning cycle can be set to 1-60 minutes.

[0030] Among them, stainless steel atomizing nozzles (flow range 5~50L / min) are selected, and 12 are arranged at equal intervals along the horizontal direction of the material guide trough, with a spacing of 0.3m (grab bucket width 3.6m); each nozzle is driven by a servo motor (rated torque 0.5Nm, response time 10ms) to drive the cam mechanism to achieve continuous angle adjustment from 0~180°.

[0031] The electro-hydraulic proportional valve (range 0.05~3.0MPa, accuracy ±0.01MPa) of the dynamic pressure valve group is installed in the water supply pipeline of the nozzle array, and the valve core displacement is controlled by a PWM signal; the valve body is integrated with a piezoelectric pressure sensor (range 0~5MPa, accuracy 0.1%FS) to form a closed-loop control circuit.

[0032] The outer layer of the sealing cover is made of fluororubber-coated glass fiber cloth (2mm thickness), the middle layer is high-elastic sponge (density 30kg / m³), and the inner layer is polytetrafluoroethylene film (0.1mm thickness). An electromagnetic sealing strip (50mm width, adjustable contact pressure range 0-80N) is installed at the bottom of the cover, and real-time feedback of contact force is provided by a pressure sensor array (range 0-100N, accuracy 0.5N).

[0033] The nonlinear mapping table is established through the orthogonal experimental method, covering three typical materials: viscous material viscosity range of 1000-10000mPa·s, bulk material particle size range of 1-500mm, and powder material particle size range of 0.1-10mm. The mapping table data point interval is set to a transfer speed of 0.05m / s and a dust concentration of 5mg / m³. Each material category contains at least 200 sets of experimental data; in the PID and expert rule hybrid control, the PID parameters are dynamically adjusted through the self-tuning algorithm, and the self-tuning cycle is set to be triggered when the change in material properties exceeds the threshold. The expert rule library contains 30 emergency control strategies for sudden dust outbreaks. The strategy trigger conditions include two modes: dust concentration mutation rate ≥30mg / m³·s and material viscosity change rate ≥20%. The strategy execution priority is divided according to the risk level.

[0034] It is based on the orthogonal experimental method and covers three types of materials: coal (viscosity 3000-5000mPa·s), iron ore (particle size 100-300mm), and grain (particle size 0.5-10mm). The mapping table data point interval is 0.1m / s for the transfer speed and 10mg / m³ for the dust concentration, and each material category contains 200 sets of experimental data. The hybrid control algorithm PID self-tuning module triggers parameter adjustment every 5 seconds based on the change in material characteristics (viscosity change rate ≥15% or particle size change rate ≥20%). The expert rule base contains 30 emergency strategies, such as "When the dust concentration mutation rate is ≥40mg / (m³·s), the nozzle pressure is increased to 2.5MPa and the backup nozzle is turned on."

[0035] The solar panel 510 uses a copper indium gallium selenide thin film component with an adjustable peak power of 150-300W and a conversion efficiency of ≥16%. The supercapacitor group is composed of multiple single capacitors in parallel, with a single capacitor capacity of 500-2000F and a rated voltage of 2.7V. Energy management is achieved through a bidirectional DC / DC converter. The microgrid system supports automatic switching when the main power supply fails, with a switching time of ≤10ms and a continuous power supply time of ≥96 hours; the energy management module integrates a maximum power point tracking algorithm with a tracking efficiency of ≥98%, a charging current adjustment range of 0-50A, and a discharge cut-off voltage set to 22V.

[0036] Among them, copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) thin-film modules (peak power 200W, size 1200mm×600mm) are installed on the ship unloader column with an inclination angle of 30°; the modules are connected to the supercapacitor group through an MPPT controller (conversion efficiency 98%); the supercapacitor group uses 10 single capacitors (capacity 1000F, rated voltage 2.7V) in parallel, with a total capacity of 10000F, and realizes charging and discharging management through a bidirectional DC / DC converter (efficiency 95%); the microgrid system sets the main power supply priority and automatically switches to supercapacitor power supply when the voltage is lower than 24V, with a switching time of ≤5ms.

[0037] The system is equipped with a four-level fault protection mechanism. When the dust concentration remains above 1000mg / m³ for 3s, the maximum dust suppression mode is activated, the nozzle pressure is increased to 2.5MPa, and the spray angle is expanded to 150°. When the pressure of the sealing cover is abnormal and the pressure value deviates from the set value by ±20%, it switches to the backup nozzle array, and the flow rate of the backup array is 150% of the original array. When the energy module voltage is lower than 24V, the control module refresh frequency is automatically reduced to 1Hz. When the communication is interrupted for more than 5s, the preset safety strategy is executed, the nozzle pressure is reduced to 0.5MPa, and the sealing cover is completely closed.

[0038] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0039] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An adaptive flexible dust suppression system for the material transfer process of a ship unloader, characterized by: The invention comprises an environmental perception module (100), an integrated multi-parameter dust concentration sensor array (110), a temperature and humidity sensor (120) and a material property detection unit (130), for collecting dust concentration, environmental temperature and humidity and material viscosity / particle size data of the transfer area in real time; a data processing module (200), a dynamic model library (220) constructed based on an embedded industrial computer (210), including a fuzzy control algorithm and a lightweight neural network, for fusing multi-source perception data and generating a dust suppression strategy; a flexible dust suppression execution module (300), composed of a variable angle high-pressure atomizing nozzle array (31 0), a dynamic pressure regulating valve group (320) and a flexible sealing cover (330); an adaptive control module (400) having a built-in nonlinear mapping table based on material transfer speed-dust generation amount, and realizing real-time adjustment of nozzle pressure and injection angle through PID and expert rule hybrid control, and the flexible dust suppression execution module (300) communicating with the adaptive control module (400) through a CAN bus; an energy management module (500) using a microgrid system composed of a solar panel (510) and a supercapacitor group (520) to provide independent power supply for the environment sensing module (100); Each module builds a closed-loop control link through industrial Ethernet. The output signal of the environmental perception module is generated by the data processing module to generate control instructions, driving the flexible dust suppression execution module to act. The adaptive control module corrects the control parameters based on real-time feedback, and the energy management module provides redundant power supply for the entire system.

2. The adaptive flexible dust suppression system for the material transfer process of a ship unloader according to claim 1 is characterized by: The multi-parameter dust concentration sensor array (110) adopts an optical detection unit based on the Mie scattering principle, with a range covering 0-2000 mg / m³, a resolution of 0.01 mg / m³, and a response time of ≤0.5 s. The spacing between each sensor in the array is set to 1 / 3 of the width of the transport channel to form spatial continuous coverage.

3. The adaptive flexible dust suppression system for the material transfer process of a ship unloader according to claim 1 is characterized by: The temperature and humidity sensor (120) integrates a thin film platinum resistor and a polymer capacitive humidity detection element, with a temperature measurement range of -50~150°C, an accuracy of ±0.1°C, a humidity measurement range of 0~100%RH, an accuracy of ±1.5%RH, and a data refresh cycle of ≤100ms; the material property detection unit (130) identifies the material category through near-infrared spectroscopy analysis technology, with a spectral wavelength range of 800-2500nm and a classification accuracy of ≥95%.

4. The adaptive flexible dust suppression system for the material transfer process of a ship unloader according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lightweight neural network in the dynamic model library (220) adopts a convolutional neural network architecture, the input layer contains 16 nodes, and the dust concentration, material viscosity, transfer speed, and ambient humidity are each 4 historical time point data. The hidden layer is set with two layers of 32 neurons in total. The output layer generates the basic nozzle pressure value and the initial injection angle. The neural network realizes real-time update of the operation data through the online incremental learning algorithm, and the learning rate is dynamically adjusted in the range of 0.001~0.1; the fuzzy control algorithm adopts the Mamdani type reasoning mechanism, the membership function selects the Gaussian type, and the rule base contains 30 control rules for different material characteristics.

5. The adaptive flexible dust suppression system for the material transfer process of a ship unloader according to claim 1 is characterized by: The variable-angle high-pressure atomizing nozzle array (310) is made of corrosion-resistant alloy material, the flow rate range of a single nozzle is 1-100 L / min, the spray angle is continuously adjusted from 0 to 180 degrees by a servo motor-driven cam mechanism, the nozzle spacing is set to 1.2 times the width of the material grab bucket, the atomized particle size distribution range is 10-500 μm, and the nozzle array coverage area forms an atomization barrier with a longitudinal overlap rate of ≥30%.

6. The adaptive flexible dust suppression system for the material transfer process of a ship unloader according to claim 1 is characterized by: The dynamic pressure regulating valve group (320) adopts electro-hydraulic proportional control technology, with a pressure regulating range of 0.05-3.0 MPa, a response time of ≤30 ms, a valve core displacement resolution of 0.1 μm, a piezoelectric pressure sensor integrated in the valve body to form a closed-loop control circuit, a pressure control accuracy of ±0.01 MPa, and a flow characteristic curve linearity of ≥99%.

7. The adaptive flexible dust suppression system for the material transfer process of a ship unloader according to claim 1 is characterized by: The flexible sealing cover (330) is composed of three layers of composite materials, the outer layer is fluororubber coated glass fiber cloth, the middle layer is high elastic sponge, and the inner layer is polytetrafluoroethylene film. An electromagnetic driven sealing strip is set at the bottom of the cover, and the contact pressure between the sealing strip and the transfer belt can be adjusted in the range of 0-100N. A pressure sensor array is set on the surface of the sealing strip, and the pressure data feedback cycle is ≤50ms. The observation window on the top of the cover is made of explosion-proof glass. The automatic cleaning device integrates a high-pressure water jet and a rotating brush head, and the cleaning cycle can be set to 1-60 minutes.

8. The adaptive flexible dust suppression system for the material transfer process of a ship unloader according to claim 1 is characterized by: The nonlinear mapping table is established through the orthogonal experimental method, covering three typical materials: viscous material viscosity range of 1000-10000mPa·s, bulk material particle size range of 1-500mm, and powder material particle size range of 0.1-10mm. The mapping table data point interval is set to a transfer speed of 0.05m / s and a dust concentration of 5mg / m³. Each material category contains at least 200 sets of experimental data; in the PID and expert rule hybrid control, the PID parameters are dynamically adjusted through the self-tuning algorithm, and the self-tuning cycle is set to be triggered when the change in material properties exceeds the threshold. The expert rule library contains 30 emergency control strategies for sudden dust outbreaks. The strategy triggering conditions include two modes: dust concentration mutation rate ≥30mg / (m³·s) and material viscosity change rate ≥20%. The strategy execution priority is divided according to the risk level.

9. The adaptive flexible dust suppression system for the material transfer process of a ship unloader according to claim 1 is characterized by: The solar panel (510) adopts a copper indium gallium selenide thin film component, with an adjustable peak power of 150-300W and a conversion efficiency of ≥16%. The supercapacitor group is composed of multiple single capacitors connected in parallel, with a single capacitor capacity of 500-2000F and a rated voltage of 2.7V. Energy management is achieved through a bidirectional DC / DC converter. The microgrid system supports automatic switching when the main power supply fails, with a switching time of ≤10ms and a continuous power supply time of ≥96 hours. The energy management module integrates a maximum power point tracking algorithm with a tracking efficiency of ≥98%, a charging current adjustment range of 0-50A, and a discharge cut-off voltage set to 22V.

10. The adaptive flexible dust suppression system for the material transfer process of a ship unloader according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The system is equipped with a four-level fault protection mechanism. When the dust concentration remains above 1000mg / m³ for 3s, the maximum dust suppression mode is activated, the nozzle pressure is increased to 2.5MPa, and the spray angle is expanded to 150°. When the pressure of the sealing cover is abnormal and the pressure value deviates from the set value by ±20%, it switches to the backup nozzle array, and the flow rate of the backup array is 150% of the original array. When the energy module voltage is lower than 24V, the control module refresh frequency is automatically reduced to 1Hz. When the communication is interrupted for more than 5s, the preset safety strategy is executed, the nozzle pressure is reduced to 0.5MPa, and the sealing cover is completely closed.

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