Blank preparation device and preparation method of ceramic metal composite material bolt or nut

Abstract

The invention relates to a blank preparation device and method for a ceramic metal composite material bolt or nut, the device comprises a female die, a female die inner cavity is arranged in the female die, the female die inner cavity is used for accommodating a bolt ceramic shell or a nut ceramic shell, and a cavity of the bolt ceramic shell and a cavity of the nut ceramic shell are internally provided with groove ring belts; a metal core heating part; a clamping moving part; the male die is used for upsetting and extruding the bolt metal inner core or the nut metal inner core into the cavity of the bolt ceramic shell or the nut ceramic shell, and the bolt metal inner core or the nut metal inner core is connected into the bolt ceramic shell or the nut ceramic shell in a plastic deformation mode. The upsetting structure is adopted for upsetting and extruding the bolt metal inner core or the nut metal inner core into the cavity of the bolt ceramic shell or the nut ceramic shell, the ceramic material is connected through plastic deformation of metal, and the prepared ceramic metal composite bolt or nut is excellent in comprehensive performance, high in bonding strength, high in material cleanliness and beneficial to application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fastener preparation, and in particular to a device and method for preparing a blank of a ceramic-metal composite material bolt or nut. Background Art

[0002] Bolt and nut fasteners are widely used in various fields of industry. Bolts and nuts are mostly made of metal materials. Metal has advantages over ceramics such as good impact resistance, fatigue resistance, and good plasticity. It can improve the threaded connection strength of fasteners and improve the impact resistance of fasteners. With the upgrading of modern equipment, metal bolts are inferior to ceramic bolts in terms of corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, and wear resistance.

[0003] Ceramic-metal composite materials use ceramic materials as the shell and metal materials as the inner core. They have the good wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high shear strength, high temperature resistance, and anti-magnetic and electrical insulation properties of ceramic materials, while also having certain impact resistance and fatigue resistance of metal materials. They can combine the performance advantages of the two materials. The prepared fasteners are ceramic resistant to high temperatures, with high shear resistance on the rod and head. At the same time, the metal threads have strong fatigue load resistance, meeting the high performance requirements of fasteners.

[0004] In existing technologies, ceramic-metal composite bolt fasteners are often connected by gluing or brazing. However, gluing suffers from poor bonding strength. In high-temperature, high-vibration environments, the adhesive is prone to volatilization and shedding, leading to premature failure of the composite. Brazing also presents a problem: significant residual thermal stresses in the weld seam between the ceramic and metal materials can become a source of cracks that can lead to bolt failure.

[0005] Therefore, the inventors, relying on their many years of experience and practice in related industries, have proposed a blank preparation device and method for ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts to overcome the defects of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for preparing a blank of a ceramic-metal composite material bolt or nut, so as to overcome the problems existing in the prior art. The present invention adopts an upsetting structure to upset and extrude the metal inner core of the bolt or the metal inner core of the nut into the cavity of the ceramic outer shell of the bolt or the ceramic outer shell of the nut, and connects the ceramic material by plastic deformation of the metal. The prepared ceramic-metal composite material bolt or nut has excellent comprehensive performance, high bonding strength, high material cleanliness, and is convenient for application.

[0007] The object of the present invention is achieved by providing a blank preparation device for a ceramic-metal composite bolt or nut, comprising:

[0008] A concave mold, wherein a concave mold cavity is provided in the concave mold cavity, wherein the concave mold cavity is used to accommodate a ceramic shell of a bolt or a ceramic shell of a nut, and the cavities of the ceramic shell of the bolt and the ceramic shell of the nut are provided with a groove ring;

[0009] A metal core heating portion, used for heating a set position of the metal inner core of the bolt or the metal inner core of the nut to form a softening-induced deformation zone;

[0010] A clamping and moving portion, used for clamping and moving the heated metal inner core of the bolt or the metal inner core of the nut to the cavity entrance of the ceramic outer shell of the bolt or the ceramic outer shell of the nut;

[0011] A punch mold is used to upset and extrude the metal inner core of the bolt or the metal inner core of the nut into the cavity of the ceramic shell of the bolt or the ceramic shell of the nut. The softening-induced deformation zone is pressed into the groove ring band by upsetting deformation to form an inlaid locking structure. The metal inner core of the bolt or the metal inner core of the nut is plastically deformed and connected to the ceramic shell of the bolt or the ceramic shell of the nut.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the die mold includes a die for a bolt, a first die cavity is arranged in the die for the bolt, and the first die cavity is matched with the bolt ceramic shell; a bolt die pad is arranged at the bottom of the first die cavity, and a die through hole is arranged in the bolt die pad that passes through the cavity of the bolt ceramic shell, and the bottom end of the bolt metal core can be inserted into the die through hole, and the bolt die pad is used to adjust the height of the bottom end of the bolt metal core protruding from the bolt ceramic shell.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the die mold includes a nut die, a second die cavity is provided in the nut die, and the second die cavity is matched with the nut ceramic shell.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the metal core heating part is an induction coil heating structure, and the metal core heating part includes a heating coil, which can be sleeved on the outside of the bolt metal core or the nut metal core to heat at least a portion of the bolt metal core or the nut metal core to form the softening induced deformation zone.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clamping moving part includes a supporting structure, and a clamping unit that can be opened and closed is connected to the supporting structure. The clamping unit can close to clamp and move the bolt metal core or the nut metal core or open away from the bolt metal core or the nut metal core.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a movable pressurizing structure is connected to the punch mold, and the movable pressurizing structure drives the punch mold to descend and pressurize the metal inner core of the bolt or the metal inner core of the nut into the cavity of the bolt ceramic shell or the nut ceramic shell or to rise away from the die mold.

[0017] The object of the present invention can also be achieved by providing a method for preparing a ceramic-metal composite bolt, which is prepared using the aforementioned blank preparation device for ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts, and comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step a, preparing a blank, including a bolt ceramic shell and a bolt metal core;

[0019] Step b: The metal core heating unit heats a set position of the metal inner core of the bolt to form a softening-induced deformation zone;

[0020] Step c: placing the bolt ceramic shell into a bolt die, clamping and moving the heated bolt metal core to the cavity entrance of the bolt ceramic shell with a clamping moving part, and adjusting the height of the bottom end of the bolt metal core protruding from the bolt ceramic shell using a bolt female die pad; and upsetting and forging the bolt metal core into the cavity of the bolt ceramic shell using a punch die to form a blank of a ceramic-metal composite bolt;

[0021] Step d: machining the blank of the ceramic-metal composite bolt to complete the preparation of the ceramic-metal composite bolt.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before step d, the semi-finished ceramic-metal composite bolt is cleaned after upsetting to remove surface dirt and raw material coating generated by upsetting.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer surface of the ceramic shell of the bolt is coated with molybdenum disulfide lubricant and then placed into the inner cavity of the first die of the bolt die.

[0024] The object of the present invention can also be achieved by providing a method for preparing a ceramic-metal composite nut, which is prepared using the aforementioned blank preparation device for a ceramic-metal composite bolt or nut, and comprises the following steps:

[0025] Step a, preparing a blank, including a nut ceramic shell and a nut metal core;

[0026] Step b: The metal core heating unit heats a set position of the metal inner core of the nut to form a softening-induced deformation zone;

[0027] Step c: placing the nut ceramic shell into a nut die, clamping and moving the heated nut metal core to the cavity entrance of the nut ceramic shell with a clamping and moving part, and upsetting and forging the nut metal core into the cavity of the nut ceramic shell through a punch die to form a ceramic-metal composite material nut blank;

[0028] Step d: machining the blank of the ceramic-metal composite material nut to complete the preparation of the ceramic-metal composite material nut.

[0029] As described above, the apparatus and method for preparing blanks of ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0030] In the blank preparation device for ceramic-metal composite material bolts or nuts of the present invention, the concave die and the convex die cooperate to form an upsetting structure, and the upsetting structure is used to upset and squeeze the metal core of the bolt or the metal core of the nut into the cavity of the ceramic shell of the bolt or the ceramic shell of the nut. The metal core of the bolt or the metal core of the nut is uniformly and fully filled into the cavity of the ceramic shell of the bolt or the ceramic shell of the nut through deformation to form a ceramic-metal composite material bolt or nut, avoiding the problem of foreign impurities introduced during connection processes such as gluing and welding, and avoiding the impurity materials in the gluing and welding processes from becoming the source of cracks that cause fracture failure.

[0031] The ceramic-metal composite material bolt or nut prepared by the blank preparation device for the ceramic-metal composite material bolt or nut of the present invention forms a locking connection system by means of a roughening structure, and the bonding strength between the ceramic material and the metal material is high, and the connection is stable.

[0032] The present invention connects ceramic materials by plastic deformation of metals, and the formed ceramic-metal composite material has comprehensive properties such as high strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, anti-magnetic and electrical insulation, which can improve the application range of the ceramic-metal composite material.

[0033] The present invention can be used to quickly prepare blanks of ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts, thereby improving the preparation efficiency of ceramic-metal composite materials. The prepared ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts have excellent comprehensive performance, high bonding strength, and high material cleanliness, and are convenient for application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0035] in:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the blank preparation device for ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts of the present invention when a bolt concave die is used.

[0037] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the metal inner core of the bolt of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the bolt ceramic housing of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a ceramic-metal composite bolt manufactured using the device for manufacturing the ceramic-metal composite according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a ceramic-metal composite bolt produced using the apparatus for producing the ceramic-metal composite according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the nut die and the nut ceramic shell of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of a ceramic-metal composite nut prepared using the device for preparing the ceramic-metal composite according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a ceramic-metal composite nut prepared using the device for preparing the ceramic-metal composite according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 9 This is an assembly diagram of the ceramic-metal composite bolt and ceramic-metal composite nut prepared by the present invention.

[0045] In the picture:

[0046] 11. Bolt die; 111. First die cavity; 112. Bolt die pad; 1121. Die through hole;

[0047] 12. nut die; 121. second die cavity;

[0048] 2. Ceramic-metal composite bolt; 21. Ceramic outer shell of bolt; 211. First groove ring; 22. Metal inner core of bolt;

[0049] 3. Clamping moving part; 31. Support structure; 32. Clamping unit;

[0050] 4. Ceramic-metal composite nut; 41. Ceramic shell of nut; 411. Second groove ring; 42. Metal core of nut;

[0051] 5. Metal core heating unit; 51. Heating coil;

[0052] 6. Punch mold;

[0053] 7. Softening induced deformation zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention in any way. In light of the present invention, a skilled person may conceive of any possible variations based on the present invention, all of which should be considered to fall within the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or to internal communication between two elements, and may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms based on the specific circumstances. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are intended only to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0057] The present invention provides a blank preparation device for a ceramic-metal composite bolt or nut, wherein the outer shell of the ceramic-metal composite bolt or nut is made of ceramic material and the inner core of the ceramic-metal composite bolt or nut is made of metal material. Figure 4 、 Figure 5 The ceramic metal composite material bolt 2 is shown; Figure 7 、 Figure 8 The ceramic metal composite material nut 4 is shown; Figure 9 Shown is the assembly drawing of the ceramic-metal composite bolt and ceramic-metal composite nut.

[0058] like Figure 1 、 Figure 6 As shown, the blank preparation device of ceramic metal composite bolt or nut includes:

[0059] The concave mold is provided with a concave mold cavity, which is used to accommodate the bolt ceramic shell 21 or the nut ceramic shell 41. The cavity of the bolt ceramic shell 21 and the nut ceramic shell 41 has a groove ring; the groove ring of the bolt ceramic shell 21 is set as the first groove ring 211 (such as Figure 3 As shown), the groove ring of the nut ceramic shell 41 is a second groove ring 411 (as shown Figure 6 As shown); the groove ring is the metal deformation and roughening area;

[0060] The metal core heating portion 5 is used to heat the set position of the bolt metal core 22 or the nut metal core 42 to form a softening induced deformation zone 7 (such as Figure 2 shown);

[0061] The clamping and moving part 3 is used to clamp and move the heated bolt metal inner core 22 or nut metal inner core 42 to the cavity entrance of the bolt ceramic shell 21 or nut ceramic shell 41;

[0062] The punch mold 6 is used to upset the bolt metal core 22 or the nut metal core 42 into the cavity of the bolt ceramic shell 21 or the nut ceramic shell 41. The softening-induced deformation zone 7 is upset and pressed into the groove ring to form an inlaid locking structure. The bolt metal core 22 or the nut metal core 42 is plastically deformed and connected to the bolt ceramic shell 21 or the nut ceramic shell 41 (such as Figure 4 、 Figure 7 shown).

[0063] The invention is based on an upsetting method in the fastener industry, and utilizes an upsetting structure (upsetting die) to upset and press a metal material into a cavity of a ceramic material to form a mechanical connection.

[0064] In the blank preparation device of the ceramic-metal composite material bolt or nut of the present invention, the die mold and the punch mold 6 cooperate to form an upsetting structure, and the upsetting structure is used to upset and squeeze the bolt metal core 22 or the nut metal core 42 into the cavity of the bolt ceramic shell 21 or the nut ceramic shell 41. The bolt metal core 22 or the nut metal core 42 (metal material) is evenly and fully filled into the cavity of the bolt ceramic shell 21 or the nut ceramic shell 41 (ceramic material) through deformation to form a ceramic-metal composite material bolt or nut, avoiding the problem of foreign impurities introduced during the connection process such as gluing and welding, and avoiding the impurity materials in the gluing and welding process from becoming the source of cracks that cause fracture failure.

[0065] The ceramic-metal composite material bolt or nut prepared by the blank preparation device for the ceramic-metal composite material bolt or nut of the present invention forms a locking connection system by means of a roughening structure, and the bonding strength between the ceramic material and the metal material is high, and the connection is stable.

[0066] The present invention connects ceramic materials by plastic deformation of metals, and the formed ceramic-metal composite material has comprehensive properties such as high strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, anti-magnetic and electrical insulation, which can improve the application range of the ceramic-metal composite material.

[0067] The present invention can be used to quickly prepare blanks of ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts, thereby improving the preparation efficiency of ceramic-metal composite materials. The prepared ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts have excellent comprehensive performance, high bonding strength, and high material cleanliness, and are convenient for application.

[0068] Further, if Figure 1 As shown, the die mold includes a die 11 for a bolt, and a first die inner cavity 111 is arranged in the die 11 for the bolt, and the first die inner cavity 111 is matched with the bolt ceramic shell 21; a bolt die pad 112 is arranged at the bottom of the first die inner cavity 111, and a die through hole 1121 which passes through the cavity of the bolt ceramic shell 21 is arranged in the bolt die pad 112, and the bottom end of the bolt metal core 22 can be passed through the die through hole 1121, and the bolt die pad 112 is used to adjust the height of the bottom end of the bolt metal core 22 protruding from the bolt ceramic shell 21.

[0069] Further, if Figure 6 As shown, the die mold includes a nut die 12 , a second die cavity 121 is provided in the nut die 12 , and the second die cavity 121 is matched with the nut ceramic shell 41 .

[0070] Further, if Figure 1 As shown, the metal core heating portion 5 is an induction coil heating structure, and the metal core heating portion includes a heating coil 51. The heating coil 51 can be sleeved on the outer side of the bolt metal core 22 or the nut metal core 42 to heat at least a portion of the bolt metal core 22 or the nut metal core 42 to form a softening induced deformation zone 7 (such as Figure 2 shown).

[0071] Further, if Figure 1 As shown, the clamping moving part 3 includes a supporting structure 31, and a clamping unit 32 that can be opened and closed is connected to the supporting structure 31. The clamping unit 32 can close and clamp the moving bolt metal core 22 or the nut metal core 42 or open and move away from the bolt metal core 22 or the nut metal core 42.

[0072] Furthermore, a movable pressurizing structure is connected to the punch mold 6, which drives the punch mold 6 to descend and pressurize the metal inner core 22 of the bolt or the metal inner core 42 of the nut into the cavity of the bolt ceramic shell 21 or the nut ceramic shell 41 or to rise away from the die mold.

[0073] The present invention provides a method for preparing a ceramic-metal composite bolt, which is prepared using the aforementioned blank preparation device for ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts, and includes the following steps:

[0074] Step a, blank preparation: prepare a blank, including a bolt ceramic shell 21 and a bolt metal core 22;

[0075] Specifically, the bolt metal core 22 is a titanium alloy rod, a nickel alloy rod (other high-temperature alloy rods may also be used) or an aluminum alloy rod.

[0076] The metal inner core 22 (metal rod) of the bolt is sandblasted and then cleaned for use to remove the surface oxide layer and increase the surface roughness. The ceramic outer shell 21 (ceramic mold tube) of the bolt with the first groove ring 211 in the cavity is cleaned for use.

[0077] Step b, induction heating: The metal core heating unit 5 heats the set position of the bolt metal core 22 to form a softening induced deformation zone 7, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown;

[0078] Specifically, the bolt metal core 22 (metal rod) made of titanium alloy or high-temperature alloy with high specific strength is locally heated by the heating coil 51 (induction coil) to form a softening-induced deformation zone 7 for upsetting deformation.

[0079] Step c, upsetting: Place the bolt ceramic shell 21 into the bolt die 11 (such as Figure 1 As shown in FIG5 , the clamping moving part 3 clamps and moves the heated bolt metal inner core 22 to the cavity entrance of the bolt ceramic shell 21, and uses the bolt female die pad 112 to adjust the height of the bottom end of the bolt metal inner core 22 protruding from the bolt ceramic shell 21; the bolt metal inner core 22 is forged and squeezed into the cavity of the bolt ceramic shell 21 by the punch die 6 to form a blank of a ceramic-metal composite material bolt;

[0080] Specifically, after the outer surface of the bolt ceramic shell 21 is coated with molybdenum disulfide lubricant, it is placed into the first die cavity 111 of the bolt die 11 by discharging.

[0081] Use the clamping moving part 3 to quickly clamp the induction heated bolt metal core 22 (metal rod) and place it into the cavity entrance of the bolt ceramic shell 21, and use the bolt female mold pad 112 to adjust the height of the bottom end of the bolt metal core 22 protruding from the bolt ceramic shell 21; use the punch mold 6 to perform upsetting molding, and the softening induced deformation zone 7 is pressed into the first groove ring band 211 by upsetting deformation to form an embedded locking structure, and the bolt metal core 22 is plastically deformed and connected to the bolt ceramic shell 21 to obtain a blank (semi-finished product) of a ceramic-metal composite material bolt.

[0082] Step d, machining: machining the blank of the ceramic-metal composite bolt to complete the preparation of the ceramic-metal composite bolt 2 .

[0083] Specifically, before step d, the blank (semi-finished product, blank) of the ceramic-metal composite bolt after upsetting is cleaned and dried to remove surface dirt and raw material coating caused by upsetting.

[0084] The blank of the ceramic-metal composite material bolt is subjected to cotter pin hole making, external thread processing and shaping to obtain the final ceramic-metal composite material bolt part product.

[0085] The present invention provides a method for preparing a ceramic-metal composite material nut, which is prepared using the aforementioned blank preparation device for ceramic-metal composite material bolts or nuts, and comprises the following steps:

[0086] Step a, blank preparation: prepare a blank, including a nut ceramic shell 41 and a nut metal core 42;

[0087] Specifically, the nut metal core 42 is a titanium alloy rod, a nickel alloy rod (other high-temperature alloy rods may also be used) or an aluminum alloy rod.

[0088] The metal inner core 42 (metal rod) of the nut is sandblasted and then cleaned for use to remove the surface oxide layer and increase the surface roughness. The ceramic outer shell 41 (ceramic mold tube) of the nut with the second groove ring 411 in the cavity is cleaned for use.

[0089] Step b, induction heating: the metal core heating unit heats the set position of the metal inner core 42 of the nut to form a softening-induced deformation zone 7;

[0090] Specifically, the nut metal core 42 (metal rod) made of titanium alloy or high-temperature alloy with high specific strength is locally heated by the heating coil 51 (induction coil) to form a softening-induced deformation zone 7 of upsetting deformation.

[0091] Step c, upsetting: Place the nut ceramic shell 41 into the nut die 12 (such as Figure 6 As shown), the clamping moving part 3 clamps and moves the heated nut metal inner core 42 to the cavity entrance of the nut ceramic shell 41, and the nut metal inner core 42 is upset and extruded into the cavity of the nut ceramic shell 41 through the punch die 6 to form a ceramic-metal composite material nut blank;

[0092] During the upsetting process, the metal blank allowance is increased so that the metal overflows on the surface of the nut after upsetting, making it easier to clamp the nut during machining in step d.

[0093] Specifically, after the outer surface of the nut ceramic shell 41 is coated with molybdenum disulfide lubricant, it is placed into the second die cavity 121 of the nut die 12 by discharging.

[0094] The clamping moving part 3 is used to quickly clamp the nut metal core 42 (metal rod) after induction heating and place it into the cavity entrance of the nut ceramic shell 41, and upsetting is performed through the punch mold 6. The softening induced deformation zone 7 is pressed into the second groove ring band 411 by upsetting deformation to form an embedded locking structure. The nut metal core 42 is plastically deformed and connected to the nut ceramic shell 41 to obtain a blank (semi-finished product) of a ceramic-metal composite material nut.

[0095] Step d, machining: machining the blank of the ceramic-metal composite material nut to complete the preparation of the ceramic-metal composite material nut 4.

[0096] Specifically, before step d, the blank (semi-finished product, blank) of the ceramic-metal composite material nut after upsetting is cleaned and dried to remove surface dirt and raw material coating caused by upsetting.

[0097] The ceramic-metal composite material nut is drilled, tapped and processed to obtain a final ceramic-metal composite material nut part product.

[0098] Assembling ceramic metal composite bolts and nuts can produce high performance bolt fasteners (such as Figure 9 shown).

[0099] Example 1:

[0100] Bolt processing: The Ti6Al4V metal rod material (bolt metal inner core 22) with a diameter of φ4.98*60mm is sandblasted and cleaned for use. The WC-Co ceramic mold tube (bolt ceramic outer shell 21) with an inner diameter of φ5, an outer diameter of φ8, and a length of 50mm is cleaned. The size of the center ring band of the WC-Co ceramic mold tube (the first groove ring band 211) is φ6*10mm (the outer diameter of the first groove ring band 211 is 6mm, and the axial length of the first groove ring band 211 is 10mm).

[0101] The clamping clamp (clamping unit 32 of the clamping moving part 3) clamps the Ti6Al4V bar, and the robotic arm (support part of the metal core heating part 5) with an induction coil (heating coil 51) heats the Ti6Al4V bar. The heating area size is φ4.98*15mm, the heating temperature is 900℃, and the heating time is 3s.

[0102] The outer surface of the WC-Co ceramic mold tube is coated with MoS2 lubricant and fed into the bolt die 11. The clamping pliers deliver the heated Ti6Al4V rod to the cavity entrance containing the WC-Co ceramic mold tube. The punch mold 6 (upsetting machine punch) is used for upsetting. The strength of the heated area of ​​the Ti6Al4V rod is low, and the rod is plastically deformed and evenly filled into the first groove ring band 211 of the WC-Co ceramic mold tube to form a WC-Co / Ti6Al4V ceramic metal composite bolt with an inlaid locking structure.

[0103] The WC-Co / Ti6Al4V material is thread rolled, and threads are processed on the metal core rod protruding from the lower end of the Ti6Al4V. Finally, the entire bolt is machined and shaped to obtain the final WC-Co / Ti6Al4V ceramic metal composite bolt part product.

[0104] Nut processing: Clean the surface oil of Ti6Al4V metal rod (nut metal inner core 42) with a diameter of φ7.98 and a length of 15mm and set it aside. Clean the WC-Co ceramic mold tube (nut ceramic shell 41) with an inner diameter of φ8, an outer diameter of φ12 and a length of 10mm. The center ring band of the WC-Co ceramic mold tube (the second groove ring band 411) has a size of φ9*3mm, and the surface is coated with MoS2 lubricant and fed into the nut die 12.

[0105] The clamping pliers clamped the Ti6Al4V ring tube, and the robotic arm with an induction coil heated the Ti6Al4V ring tube. The heating area size was φ7.98*5mm, the heating temperature was 900℃, and the heating time was 3s.

[0106] The clamping pliers deliver the heated Ti6Al4V bar to the cavity entrance equipped with the WC-Co ceramic die tube, and the punch die 6 (upsetting machine punch) performs upsetting. The strength of the heated area of ​​the Ti6Al4V bar is low, and it is plastically deformed and evenly filled into the second groove ring band 411 of the WC-Co ceramic die tube to form a WC-Co / Ti6Al4V ceramic metal composite nut with an inlaid locking structure.

[0107] The WC-Co / Ti6Al4V material is drilled and tapped, the internal thread is processed on the Ti6Al4V metal core rod, and finally the nut is machined and shaped as a whole to obtain the final part product of the WC-Co / Ti6Al4V ceramic metal composite nut.

[0108] Example 2

[0109] Bolt processing: The GH2132 metal bar material (bolt metal inner core 22) with a diameter of φ6.98*60mm is sandblasted and cleaned for use. The WC-Co ceramic mold tube (bolt ceramic shell 21) with an inner diameter of φ7, an outer diameter of φ10, and a length of 50mm is cleaned. The size of the center ring band of the WC-Co ceramic mold tube (the first groove ring band 211) is φ8*15mm.

[0110] The clamping clamp (clamping unit 32 of the clamping moving part 3) clamps the GH2132 bar, and the robotic arm with the induction coil (heating coil 51) heats the GH2132 bar. The heating area size is φ6.98*20mm, the heating temperature is 1100℃, and the heating time is 2.5s.

[0111] The outer surface of the WC-Co ceramic mold tube is coated with MoS2 lubricant and fed into the bolt die 11. The clamping pliers deliver the heated GH2132 rod to the cavity entrance containing the WC-Co ceramic mold tube. The punch mold 6 (upsetting machine punch) is used for upsetting. The heating area of ​​the GH2132 rod has low strength, and the rod is plastically deformed and evenly filled into the first groove ring band 211 of the WC-Co ceramic mold tube to form a WC-Co / GH2132 ceramic metal composite bolt with an inlaid locking structure.

[0112] The WC-Co / GH2132 material is thread rolled, and threads are processed on the metal core rod protruding from the lower end of the GH2132. Finally, the entire bolt is machined and shaped to obtain the final WC-Co / GH2132 ceramic metal composite bolt part product.

[0113] Nut processing: Clean the surface oil of GH2132 metal rod with a diameter of φ9.98 and a length of 15mm and set it aside. Clean the WC-Co ceramic mold tube (nut ceramic shell 41) with an inner diameter of φ10, an outer diameter of φ14 and a length of 10mm. The size of the center ring band of the WC-Co ceramic mold tube (the second groove ring band 411) is φ12*3mm. The surface is coated with MoS2 lubricant and fed into the nut die 12.

[0114] The clamping pliers clamp the GH2132 ring tube, and the robotic arm with an induction coil heats the GH2132 ring tube. The heating area size is φ9.98*5mm, the heating temperature is 1100℃, and the heating time is 2.5s.

[0115] The clamping pliers deliver the heated GH2132 bar to the cavity entrance equipped with the WC-Co ceramic die tube, and the upsetting machine punch performs upsetting. The GH2132 bar has low strength in the heated area, and is plastically deformed and evenly filled into the second groove ring band 411 of the WC-Co ceramic die tube, forming a WC-Co / GH2132 ceramic metal composite nut with an inlaid locking structure.

[0116] The WC-Co / GH2132 material is drilled and tapped, the internal thread is processed on the GH2132 metal core rod, and finally the nut is machined and shaped as a whole to obtain the final part product of the WC-Co / GH2132 ceramic metal composite nut.

[0117] As described above, the apparatus and method for preparing blanks of ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0118] In the blank preparation device for ceramic-metal composite material bolts or nuts of the present invention, the concave die and the convex die cooperate to form an upsetting structure, and the upsetting structure is used to upset and squeeze the metal core of the bolt or the metal core of the nut into the cavity of the ceramic shell of the bolt or the ceramic shell of the nut. The metal core of the bolt or the metal core of the nut is uniformly and fully filled into the cavity of the ceramic shell of the bolt or the ceramic shell of the nut through deformation to form a ceramic-metal composite material bolt or nut, avoiding the problem of foreign impurities introduced during connection processes such as gluing and welding, and avoiding the impurity materials in the gluing and welding processes from becoming the source of cracks that cause fracture failure.

[0119] The ceramic-metal composite material bolt or nut prepared by the blank preparation device for the ceramic-metal composite material bolt or nut of the present invention forms a locking connection system by means of a roughening structure, and the bonding strength between the ceramic material and the metal material is high, and the connection is stable.

[0120] The present invention connects ceramic materials by plastic deformation of metals, and the formed ceramic-metal composite material has comprehensive properties such as high strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, anti-magnetic and electrical insulation, which can improve the application range of the ceramic-metal composite material.

[0121] The present invention can be used to quickly prepare blanks of ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts, thereby improving the preparation efficiency of ceramic-metal composite materials. The prepared ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts have excellent comprehensive performance, high bonding strength, and high material cleanliness, and are convenient for application.

[0122] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blank preparation device for ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts, characterized in that: include: A concave mold, wherein a concave mold cavity is provided in the concave mold cavity, wherein the concave mold cavity is used to accommodate a ceramic shell of a bolt or a ceramic shell of a nut, and the cavities of the ceramic shell of the bolt and the ceramic shell of the nut are provided with a groove ring; A metal core heating portion, used for heating a set position of the metal inner core of the bolt or the metal inner core of the nut to form a softening-induced deformation zone; A clamping and moving portion, used for clamping and moving the heated metal inner core of the bolt or the metal inner core of the nut to the cavity entrance of the ceramic outer shell of the bolt or the ceramic outer shell of the nut; A punch mold is used to upset and extrude the metal inner core of the bolt or the metal inner core of the nut into the cavity of the ceramic shell of the bolt or the ceramic shell of the nut. The softening-induced deformation zone is pressed into the groove ring band by upsetting deformation to form an inlaid locking structure. The metal inner core of the bolt or the metal inner core of the nut is plastically deformed and connected to the ceramic shell of the bolt or the ceramic shell of the nut.

2. The blank preparation device for ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The die mold includes a die for a bolt, a first die inner cavity is arranged in the die for the bolt, and the first die inner cavity is matched with the bolt ceramic shell; a bolt die pad is arranged at the bottom of the first die inner cavity, and a die through hole is arranged in the bolt die pad that passes through the cavity of the bolt ceramic shell, and the bottom end of the bolt metal core can be passed through the die through hole, and the bolt die pad is used to adjust the height of the bottom end of the bolt metal core protruding from the bolt ceramic shell.

3. The blank preparation device for ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concave die mold includes a nut concave die, a second concave die inner cavity is arranged in the nut concave die, and the second concave die inner cavity is matched with the nut ceramic shell.

4. The blank preparation device for ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal core heating part is an induction coil heating structure, and the metal core heating part includes a heating coil. The heating coil can be sleeved on the outside of the metal inner core of the bolt or the metal inner core of the nut to heat at least a portion of the metal inner core of the bolt or the metal inner core of the nut to form the softening induced deformation zone.

5. The blank preparation device for ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping moving part includes a supporting structure, and a clamping unit that can be opened and closed is connected to the supporting structure. The clamping unit can close and clamp the moving metal core of the bolt or the metal core of the nut or open and move away from the metal core of the bolt or the metal core of the nut.

6. The blank preparation device for ceramic-metal composite bolts or nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The punch mold is connected to a movable pressurizing structure, which drives the punch mold to descend and pressurize the metal inner core of the bolt or the metal inner core of the nut into the cavity of the bolt ceramic shell or the nut ceramic shell or to rise away from the die mold.

7. A method for preparing a ceramic-metal composite bolt, characterized in that: The blank preparation device for a ceramic-metal composite bolt or nut according to claim 2, 4, 5 or 6 is used for preparation, comprising the following steps: Step a, preparing a blank, including a bolt ceramic shell and a bolt metal core; Step b: The metal core heating unit heats a set position of the metal inner core of the bolt to form a softening-induced deformation zone; Step c: placing the bolt ceramic shell into a bolt die, clamping and moving the heated bolt metal core to the cavity entrance of the bolt ceramic shell with a clamping moving part, and adjusting the height of the bottom end of the bolt metal core protruding from the bolt ceramic shell using a bolt female die pad; and upsetting and forging the bolt metal core into the cavity of the bolt ceramic shell using a punch die to form a blank of a ceramic-metal composite bolt; Step d: machining the blank of the ceramic-metal composite bolt to complete the preparation of the ceramic-metal composite bolt.

8. The method for preparing a ceramic-metal composite bolt according to claim 7, wherein: Before step d, the semi-finished ceramic-metal composite bolt after upsetting is cleaned to remove surface dirt and raw material coating caused by upsetting.

9. The method for preparing a ceramic-metal composite bolt according to claim 7, wherein: The outer surface of the bolt ceramic shell is coated with molybdenum disulfide lubricant and then placed into the inner cavity of the first concave die of the bolt die.

10. A method for preparing a ceramic-metal composite material nut, characterized in that: The blank preparation device for a ceramic-metal composite bolt or nut according to claim 3, 4, 5 or 6 is used for preparation, comprising the following steps: Step a, preparing a blank, including a nut ceramic shell and a nut metal core; Step b: The metal core heating unit heats a set position of the metal inner core of the nut to form a softening-induced deformation zone; Step c: placing the nut ceramic shell into a nut die, clamping and moving the heated nut metal core to the cavity entrance of the nut ceramic shell with a clamping and moving part, and upsetting and forging the nut metal core into the cavity of the nut ceramic shell through a punch die to form a ceramic-metal composite material nut blank; Step d: machining the blank of the ceramic-metal composite material nut to complete the preparation of the ceramic-metal composite material nut.

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