Comprehensive evaluation method for operation capability of pumped storage unit in different power grid forms and related device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pumped storage, and discloses a comprehensive evaluation method for the operation capability of a pumped storage unit in different power grid forms and a related device. The method comprises the steps of obtaining operation data of a pumped storage power station to be evaluated and data of a power grid where the pumped storage power station is located; based on the operation data of the pumped storage power station and the data of the power grid where the pumped storage power station is located, constructing a pumped storage power station multi-type regulation capability evaluation system in different power grid forms; and based on the pumped storage power station multi-type regulation capability evaluation system in different power grid forms, carrying out comprehensive quantitative evaluation on the regulation capability of the pumped storage power station, and obtaining a dynamic priority score of each unit in the to-be-evaluated pumped storage power station. According to the invention, comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the regulation capability of the power station is realized, and a scientific decision basis is provided for capacity planning, operation strategy optimization and multi-type energy storage collaborative scheduling of the pumped storage power station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of pumped storage, and in particular relates to a comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of a pumped storage unit under different power grid forms and related devices. Background Art

[0002] As a crucial resource for flexible regulation in power systems, comprehensive evaluation of pumped-storage hydropower stations' ability to serve the grid is a key technical issue in the construction of new power systems. As the global energy mix shifts toward a high proportion of renewable energy, the large-scale integration of fluctuating power sources such as wind and photovoltaic power has led to multiple challenges for power grids, including decreased frequency stability, increased power fluctuations, and surging peak-shaving demand. In this context, pumped-storage hydropower stations, with their bidirectional regulation characteristics (energy storage and release), rapid response capabilities (from standstill to full load in just 2-3 minutes), and large energy storage capacity, play a core role as both a stabilizer and a regulating valve in grid regulation. However, existing evaluation systems suffer from fragmented functional dimensions and rigid indicator weighting, making them difficult to adapt to the coordinated regulation requirements of new power systems across multiple timescales (from second-level frequency regulation to hour-level peak regulation) and multiple spatial dimensions (regional grid interconnection). Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive evaluation method and related devices for the operating capacity of pumped storage units under different power grid forms, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing methods lack systematicity and comprehensiveness and are difficult to fully reflect the actual regulation capacity of pumped storage power stations.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for comprehensively evaluating the operating capacity of pumped storage units under different power grid configurations, comprising: Obtain the operating data of the pumped-storage power station to be evaluated and the data of the power grid where it is located; based on the operating data of the pumped-storage power station and the data of the power grid where it is located, construct a multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system for pumped-storage power stations under different power grid forms; Based on the multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system of pumped-storage power stations under different grid forms, a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the regulation capacity of pumped-storage power stations is carried out, and the dynamic priority score of each unit in the evaluated pumped-storage power station is obtained.

[0005] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a device for comprehensively evaluating the operating capacity of a pumped storage unit under different power grid configurations, comprising: A construction module is used to obtain the operating data of the pumped storage power station to be evaluated and the data of the power grid where it is located; based on the operating data of the pumped storage power station and the data of the power grid where it is located, a multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system for pumped storage power stations under different power grid forms is constructed; The evaluation module is used to conduct a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the regulation capacity of pumped-storage power stations based on the multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system of pumped-storage power stations under different power grid forms, and obtain the dynamic priority score of each unit in the pumped-storage power station to be evaluated.

[0006] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the method for comprehensively evaluating the operating capacity of a pumped storage unit under different power grid configurations.

[0007] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores at least one instruction. When the at least one instruction is executed by a processor, it implements the comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of the pumped storage unit under different power grid forms.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Pumped-storage power stations are important regulating resources in power systems, possessing multiple regulatory capabilities, such as automatic generation control (AGC), emergency standby, peak shaving, reactive power regulation, and black start. However, existing assessments of these regulatory capabilities are often limited to a single indicator or method, lacking systematicity and comprehensiveness, making it difficult to fully reflect the actual regulatory capabilities of pumped-storage power stations. Furthermore, traditional assessment methods fail to consider the interplay between multiple objectives, resulting in deviations between the assessment results and actual needs. The present invention provides a comprehensive assessment method for the operational capabilities of pumped-storage units under different power grid configurations, comprising: obtaining operational data of the pumped-storage power station to be evaluated and data from the power grid in which it resides; constructing a multi-type regulatory capability evaluation system for pumped-storage power stations under different power grid configurations based on the operational data of the pumped-storage power station and the data from the power grid in which it resides; and performing a comprehensive quantitative assessment of the regulatory capabilities of the pumped-storage power station based on the multi-type regulatory capability evaluation system for pumped-storage power stations under different power grid configurations, thereby obtaining a dynamic priority score for each unit in the pumped-storage power station to be evaluated. This invention comprehensively considers multi-dimensional factors such as grid operating characteristics, focusing on quantitatively evaluating five core functions: automatic power generation control, emergency standby, peak shaving, reactive power regulation, and black start. By establishing multi-dimensional evaluation indicators for each regulation capability and combining the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and game theory methods, a comprehensive quantitative assessment of the power station's regulation capability is achieved based on expert evaluations and the regulation capability demands of different entities in the power station and the grid. This provides a scientific decision-making basis for capacity planning, operation strategy optimization, and coordinated scheduling of multiple types of energy storage in pumped-storage power stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for comprehensively evaluating the operating capability of a pumped storage unit under different power grid configurations according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a multi-type regulation capability evaluation system for pumped storage units under different grid configurations according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the comprehensive analysis of the comprehensive regulation capability of pumped storage using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and game theory in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for comprehensive quantitative evaluation of multi-type regulation capabilities of pumped storage units under different power grid configurations according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0011] The following detailed description is an exemplary description and is intended to provide further detailed description of the present invention. Unless otherwise indicated, all technical terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0012] It is understood from common technical knowledge that the present invention may be implemented by other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential features. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed above are, in all respects, merely illustrative and not exclusive. All modifications within the scope of the present invention or equivalent to the scope of the present invention are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.

[0013] The inventors' research has found significant differences in the functional priorities of pumped-storage power stations under different grid configurations. In the northwest, where renewable energy is abundant, pumped-storage power stations can operate 6-8 times daily to meet the need for smoothing wind and solar fluctuations. In the eastern receiving grid, however, the black start capability weight needs to be increased to above 0.25 to enhance the grid's resilience to faults. This paper innovatively constructs a dynamic evaluation model for pumped-storage power regulation under different grid configurations. By incorporating the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and game theory, it comprehensively assesses the multi-type regulation capabilities of pumped-storage power stations, providing a targeted reference for addressing these diverse grid regulation needs.

[0014] See also Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for comprehensively evaluating the operating capacity of a pumped storage unit under different power grid forms, comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain the operating data of the pumped storage power station to be evaluated and the data of the power grid where it is located; based on the operating data of the pumped storage power station and the data of the power grid where it is located, construct a multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system for pumped storage power stations under different power grid forms; for details, please refer to Figure 2 As shown in Figure 1, the regulatory capacity evaluation system includes: 1) Automatic Generation Control (AGC); When power system load fluctuates, whether due to adjustments in industrial production or peak residential electricity demand, the AGC function of pumped-storage units responds rapidly. With their rapid start-up and shutdown capabilities and flexible regulation, they can quickly switch between power generation and pumping operations, precisely matching total power generation with load in real time, stabilizing system frequency and ensuring power system safety and the normal operation of electrical equipment. Furthermore, by rationally allocating their own output, they optimize power flow, reduce voltage deviation, and ensure power transmission quality. Their flexible regulation capabilities, combined with low-cost conventional units, enable intelligent scheduling, reduce power generation costs, and improve overall power system efficiency.

[0015] (1) Dynamic adjustment rate correction index ; Definition: Refers to the indicator of the theoretical regulation rate of the generator set after it is corrected according to the actual operating conditions (such as response delay, climbing limit, equipment status, etc.) when the power system frequency or load changes.

[0016] (1) Where: Indicates actual power change (MW); Indicates the command response delay time (s); Indicates the inertia time constant of the unit (calibrated by no-load load rejection test); Indicates the time interval within which the dispatch instruction requires the unit to complete the power change (60-300 seconds for conventional AGC instructions and 10-30 seconds for rapid adjustment requirements); Indicates the maximum number of operating mode switching times allowed per unit time for the unit (large pumped storage unit: ≤5 times / hour); Indicates the number of times the unit's operating status (power generation → pumping, pumping → power generation, etc.) is switched within the evaluation period.

[0017] (2) Adjusting the DOP ; Definition: A comprehensive indicator used to quantify the gradual deterioration of the regulation accuracy of a pumped storage unit over time during operation, reflecting the decrease in accuracy caused by long-term regulation.

[0018] (2) Where: Indicates the length of the time window for evaluating regulation accuracy; Indicates the unit is at time The actual output active power; Indicates that the AGC system is at time The target power command value issued; Indicates the maximum continuous output power allowed by the unit design; Characteristic parameter indicating the rate at which regulation accuracy decays over time; 2) Emergency standby capacity; When the power system faces emergencies, such as sudden disconnection or major accidents, the reserved generating capacity of the pumped storage power station can be quickly activated. This function is crucial as it can continue to meet power supply needs and maintain the stable operation of the power system. Given that some emergencies present characteristics such as large power shortages and severe power fluctuations, the backup units must have large capacities and fast ramp-up speeds to respond to such emergencies in a timely and effective manner and ensure the continuity and stability of power supply. The reference standards for evaluating emergency backup functions are: (1) Cold standby start efficiency coefficient ; Definition: An indicator that evaluates the ability of a pumped storage unit to quickly start up from a completely shut down state (cold standby) and reach a specified output capacity.

[0019] (3) Where: Indicates the maximum power that the unit can actually output after cold start; Indicates the time from receiving the start command to the unit being connected to the grid and the power reaching time; Indicates the maximum start time allowed by the scheduler; Indicates the shortest startup time achievable by the technology; Indicates the energy consumed to maintain the startability of the equipment during cold standby. , Indicates the cold standby duration.

[0020] (2) Multi-level standby coordination ; Definition: A comprehensive indicator that assesses the efficiency of coordinated switching and resource allocation between different reserve levels (e.g., cold, warm, and hot) for pumped storage units. It quantifies the unit's ability to maintain grid stability and rapidly respond to dispatch in multi-level reserve modes, and is a key parameter for measuring flexibility and reliability.

[0021] (4) Where: Indicates the The priority or efficiency weight of the secondary standby resources in the collaborative operation, hot standby 0.6, cold standby is 0.1; Indicates the Active power actually provided by the secondary reserve resources (MW); It represents the total reserve power (MW) required by the grid to be shared by all reserve levels; Indicates the power mismatch between different reserve levels due to differences in response speed or conflicting control strategies (MW); It represents the sum of the absolute values ​​of conflicting powers of all standby levels, reflecting the degree of coordination failure.

[0022] (3) Climbing rate Definition: The absolute value of the unit's power change per unit time, reflecting the dynamic ability of power regulation.

[0023] (5) Where: Indicates the power change (MW), and represent target power and initial power respectively; Indicates the time required for power change (s), and represent the target power and initial power respectively.

[0024] 3) Peak load regulation capability; (1) Dynamic adjustment margin ; Definition: A measure of the power adjustment space available for a unit during real-time peak regulation.

[0025] (6) Where: The maximum power available at the current moment (MW), taking into account factors such as head and SOC; Indicates the minimum output allowed by the technology (MW); Indicates the time interval between two adjacent working mode conversions (h); Indicates a typical peak-shaving period (e.g., 24 hours); Indicates the rated capacity of the unit (unit: WM).

[0026] (2) Emergency peak load response time ; Definition: The time from receiving the emergency peak-shaving instruction to reaching the power target.

[0027] (7) Where: Indicates the time difference from receiving the emergency peak-shaving command to the start of action of the unit control system; Indicates the power adjustment required by the scheduling, that is, the difference between the peak-shaving target power and the current actual power; Indicates the maximum power change rate allowed by the unit under safety constraints; Indicates the additional delay time caused by factors such as equipment aging and control system drift; Indicates the number of operating mode switches of the unit within a period of time (usually 24 hours) before the emergency peak load shaving task is executed; It indicates the reference number of daily operating mode switching allowed by the design, which does not affect the critical value of the response time.

[0028] 4) Reactive power regulation capability (1) Dynamic voltage support performance ; Definition: This function evaluates the ability of reactive power injection to suppress voltage fluctuations, reflects the voltage-boosting effect per unit of reactive power, and considers the attenuation effect of the voltage change rate on the supporting effect. It is suitable for evaluating equipment performance in scenarios with rapid voltage fluctuations.

[0029] (8) Where: Indicates the voltage increase or fluctuation suppression amount of the target node after reactive power injection; Indicates the total amount of reactive power injected into the grid by the unit (Mvar); Indicates the rate of change of voltage over time (kV / s); Indicates the upper limit of the voltage change rate allowed for safe operation of the power grid.

[0030] (2) Phase-modulation reactive power regulation margin ; Definition: The dynamic adjustment range of reactive power that the unit can provide in phase modulation mode, taking into account the thermal stability constraints of the equipment.

[0031] (9) Where: Indicates the maximum allowable reactive output in phase modulation mode (Mvar); Indicates the minimum stable reactive output in phase modulation mode (Mvar), Indicates the cumulative duration of phase modulation operation (h). Indicates the rated phase modulation operation time (h). Indicates the rated reactive power.

[0032] (3) Reactive-active coupling loss rate ; Definition: Measures the efficiency loss caused by PQ operation exceeding the limit and quantifies the additional efficiency loss of pumped storage units when providing active power and reactive power at the same time.

[0033] (10) Where: Indicates the actual power of the unit; Indicates the target power setting of the unit; Indicates the reactive power output in real time; Indicates the maximum reactive power capacity of the equipment under specific operating conditions (unit: Mvar); Indicates the rated capacity of the unit (unit: WM).

[0034] 5) Black start capability; (1) Voltage recovery rate ; Definition: During a black start, the rate at which the unit voltage rises from zero to a stable bus voltage, reflecting the speed of support for grid recovery.

[0035] (11) Where: Indicates the target stable voltage (kV); represents the initial voltage (kV); Indicates the time (in seconds) it takes for the voltage to rise from 0 to a stable value.

[0036] 6) Grid morphological characteristics; (1) Delivery capacity margin ; Definition: The ratio of the actual transmission capacity of the power transmission grid to its planned maximum transmission capacity, reflecting the grid's potential for power transmission.

[0037] (12) Where: Indicates the actual external power (MW); Indicates the maximum design capacity of the transmission channel (MW).

[0038] (2) Dependence on electricity ; Definition: The proportion of external electricity received by the receiving power grid to the total electricity demand, reflecting the grid's dependence on external electricity.

[0039] (13) Where: Indicates the amount of electricity received (MWh); Total electricity consumption on the grid (MWh).

[0040] (3) Electricity self-sufficiency rate ; Definition: The proportion of local power generation to total electricity demand, directly related to the characteristics of the power grid, whether it is a transmission or a receiving grid. For a transmission grid, SSR > 120%; for a balancing grid, SSR 80% ≤ SSR ≤ 120%; for a receiving grid, SSR < 80%.

[0041] (14) (4) N-1 transmission channel pass rate ; Definition: When any transmission channel fails (N-1), the probability that the remaining channels can meet the power transmission demand.

[0042] (15) Where: Indicates the number of transmission channels that meet the N-1 safety criterion; Indicates the total number of transmission channels.

[0043] (5) Voltage support demand ratio ; Definition: The ratio of the dynamic reactive power compensation capacity required by the receiving power grid to the reactive power output of the local power source, reflecting the dependence on external voltage support.

[0044] (16) Where: Indicates the capacity of dynamic reactive power compensation equipment (Mvar); Indicates the reactive power output (Mvar) of the local synchronous unit.

[0045] (6) Peak load pressure index ; (17) Where: Peak-shaving capacity (MW) of local power sources (such as pumped storage and gas-fired units).

[0046] S2. Based on the multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system of pumped storage power stations under different power grid forms, a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the regulation capacity of pumped storage power stations is conducted to obtain the dynamic priority score of each unit in the pumped storage power station to be evaluated. Figure 3 As shown, specifically including: 1) An indicator weight distribution model is established based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), and the ambiguity of expert judgment is handled by triangular fuzzy numbers; First, the expert evaluation mechanism is used to compare the indicators (1)-(11) pairwise, and the relative importance is expressed using triangular fuzzy numbers. The triangular fuzzy numbers are expressed as ,in . Indicates the importance of two indicators compared. There are 5 levels, namely, equally important , slightly more important , obviously important , strongly important , extremely important Then, construct the fuzzy complementary judgment matrix ,satisfy .

[0047] Then, The weights are obtained by geometrically averaging the triangular fuzzy numbers in each row: , and then the center method is used to convert the fuzzy weights into clear values , and finally get i Normalized weight of each indicator .

[0048] Next, the weights are modified by considering the characteristics of the power grid and the results of formulas (12)-(17). For example, the peak load regulation weight of the transmission-type power grid is increased, and the weight of the emergency standby is reduced; the weight of the emergency standby is increased for the receiving-type power grid, and the weight of the reactive power regulation capability and AGC capability is increased; for the power grid with high voltage support demand ratio requirements, the weights of AGC and reactive power regulation are increased. The modified weights As shown in (18), is the correction factor. , the value is between 1.05-1.3 when the weight increases, and between 0.8-0.95 when the weight decreases.

[0049] (18) Finally, perform a weight consistency test and calculate the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix : ,in is the modified weight vector. Calculate the consistency index CI: , calculate the consistency ratio , is a random consistency indicator, if , the matrix consistency is acceptable; otherwise, expert judgment is required. n is the matrix dimension, which is the previous A~.

[0050] 2) Combined with the improved Shapley value game theory method, the rationality of the weights of various subjective indicators is evaluated to achieve a balance of interests among multiple entities such as grid operators and power station operators; The stakeholders are the power grid (G) and the power station (P), and the alliance characteristic function is established , when calculating the alliance characteristic function , , calculated separately hour, , calculated separately hour, .in , is the adjustment ability weight given by FAHP, where the weight of formula (1,3,4,6,7,8,11) is belong , the weight of formula (2,5,9,10) belong .

[0051] Next, we introduce the risk-bearing coefficient Modified traditional Shapley value , ,in m For the m stakeholders, N Gathering of alliance members, , for N subset of ;| S | for subset S the size of , i.e. the number of entities; n is the total number of subjects; For the m The increase in alliance revenue after the participation of stakeholders. , power station correction factor .

[0052] Finally, the Nash equilibrium is verified and the loss rate of the power grid is calculated respectively. and the loss rate of the power station , calculate the loss rate of each subject deviating from the alliance and it is greater than 15%, proving that the scheme has reached an equilibrium state. Otherwise, continue to adjust the weight settings of each fuzzy hierarchical analysis method.

[0053] (19) (20) 3) The entropy weight-TOPSIS composite algorithm is introduced to dynamically prioritize the five major regulation capabilities of the power station at different time points.

[0054] (1) Data standardization; First, build the initial decision matrix , containing five categories of regulation capacity data of the power station to be evaluated, and the range method is used to normalize the data. Indicates the Time point The first unit An indicator value.

[0055] Positive indicators: (twenty one) Negative indicators: (twenty two) (2) Calculate information entropy and dynamic weight using a sliding window Dynamically calculate the entropy weight and calculate the The entropy value of the indicator , calculate the objective dynamic weight , the objective dynamic weight and subjective weight are combined to obtain the The mixed weights of the indicators: .

[0056] (3) Calculate the priority of each time point based on the dynamic weight. , combining indicator data with weights: ; Secondly, determine the dynamic positive and negative ideal solutions, among which the positive ideal solution The maximum value for each indicator: , negative ideal solution For each indicator, the minimum value is: ; Finally, calculate each unit The Euclidean distance between the result and the ideal solution: , calculated Dynamic priority score for each unit , sorted in descending order to get the dynamic priority.

[0057] (twenty three) In one specific embodiment, the dynamic priority scores of each unit in the pumped-storage power station to be evaluated are arranged in descending order to obtain a dynamic priority and output; when scheduling each unit in the pumped-storage power station, the unit or units with the highest dynamic priority score are prioritized. These units have stronger comprehensive regulation capabilities and are scheduled first to meet the needs of the power grid. The method of the present invention can be used in the operation control center of a pumped-storage power station or a power grid control center. During the scheduling operation, the dispatcher or power station operator can sort the unit capabilities based on the evaluation results of this method, and then issue unit operation instructions and plan the unit, thereby better optimizing the configuration of the pumped-storage units and improving the unit operation efficiency.

[0058] In a specific embodiment, the dynamic priority scores of each unit in the pumped-storage power station to be evaluated are arranged in descending order to obtain the dynamic priority and output; the units with relatively low dynamic priority scores are modified in comparison with the units with relatively high dynamic priority scores to improve the comprehensive regulation capability, which is beneficial to the regulation of the power grid.

[0059] The present invention provides a comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of pumped-storage units under different power grid configurations. By establishing a multi-dimensional evaluation index system covering the five core functions of automatic generation control (AGC), emergency standby, peak regulation, reactive power regulation, and black start, and integrating the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and game theory methods, it effectively solves the problems of the traditional evaluation methods being too simplistic and one-sided. This method not only comprehensively considers the operating characteristics of the power grid and the game relationship between multiple objectives, balancing the differences in needs between power stations and different entities in the power grid, but also scientifically quantifies the regulation capacity from the dual perspectives of expert evaluation and objective data, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and practicality of the evaluation results. The present invention provides a reliable decision-making basis for capacity planning, operation strategy optimization, and coordinated scheduling of multiple types of energy storage in pumped-storage power stations, helping to optimize the configuration and operating efficiency of power system regulation resources.

[0060] In the present invention, the normalized weight is calculated first, and then the consistency ratio is calculated to check the consistency of the normalized weight. Then the loss rate is calculated to further judge the rationality of the weight setting through the loss rate of the game subject. The entropy weight-TOPSIS composite algorithm first calculates the objective weight and the subjective weight, which is the use of the previous W i The value of , calculates a mixed weight. Then sorts.

[0061] See also Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the invention provides a device for comprehensively evaluating the operating capability of a pumped storage unit under different power grid states, comprising: A construction module is used to obtain the operating data of the pumped storage power station to be evaluated and the data of the power grid where it is located; based on the operating data of the pumped storage power station and the data of the power grid where it is located, a multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system for pumped storage power stations under different power grid forms is constructed; The evaluation module is used to conduct a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the regulation capacity of pumped-storage power stations based on the multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system of pumped-storage power stations under different power grid forms, and obtain the dynamic priority score of each unit in the pumped-storage power station to be evaluated.

[0062] In a specific embodiment, the regulation capability evaluation system includes: automatic power generation control, emergency standby capability, peak regulation capability, reactive power regulation capability, black start capability and grid morphology characteristics.

[0063] In one specific embodiment, the regulatory capability evaluation system specifically includes: 1) Automatic Generation Control (AGC); When power system load fluctuates, whether due to adjustments in industrial production or peak residential electricity demand, the AGC function of pumped-storage units responds rapidly. With their rapid start-up and shutdown capabilities and flexible regulation, they can quickly switch between power generation and pumping operations, precisely matching total power generation with load in real time, stabilizing system frequency and ensuring power system safety and the normal operation of electrical equipment. Furthermore, by rationally allocating their own output, they optimize power flow, reduce voltage deviation, and ensure power transmission quality. Their flexible regulation capabilities, combined with low-cost conventional units, enable intelligent scheduling, reduce power generation costs, and improve overall power system efficiency.

[0064] (1) Dynamic adjustment rate correction index ; Definition: Refers to the indicator of the theoretical regulation rate of the generator set after it is corrected according to the actual operating conditions (such as response delay, climbing limit, equipment status, etc.) when the power system frequency or load changes.

[0065] (1) Where: Indicates actual power change (MW); Indicates the command response delay time (s); Indicates the inertia time constant of the unit (calibrated by no-load load rejection test); Indicates the time interval within which the dispatch instruction requires the unit to complete the power change (60-300 seconds for conventional AGC instructions and 10-30 seconds for rapid adjustment requirements); Indicates the maximum number of operating mode switching times allowed per unit time for the unit (large pumped storage unit: ≤5 times / hour); Indicates the number of times the unit's operating status (power generation → pumping, pumping → power generation, etc.) is switched within the evaluation period.

[0066] (2) Adjusting the DOP ; Definition: A comprehensive indicator used to quantify the gradual deterioration of the regulation accuracy of a pumped storage unit over time during operation, reflecting the decrease in accuracy caused by long-term regulation.

[0067] (2) Where: Indicates the length of the time window for evaluating regulation accuracy; Indicates the unit is at time The actual output active power; Indicates that the AGC system is at time The target power command value issued; Indicates the maximum continuous output power allowed by the unit design; Characteristic parameter indicating the rate at which regulation accuracy decays over time; 2) Emergency standby capacity; When the power system faces emergencies, such as sudden disconnection or major accidents, the reserved generating capacity of the pumped storage power station can be quickly activated. This function is crucial as it can continue to meet power supply needs and maintain the stable operation of the power system. Given that some emergencies present characteristics such as large power shortages and severe power fluctuations, the backup units must have large capacities and fast ramp-up speeds to respond to such emergencies in a timely and effective manner and ensure the continuity and stability of power supply. The reference standards for evaluating emergency backup functions are: (1) Cold standby start efficiency coefficient ; Definition: An indicator that evaluates the ability of a pumped storage unit to quickly start up from a completely shut down state (cold standby) and reach a specified output capacity.

[0068] (3) Where: Indicates the maximum power that the unit can actually output after cold start; Indicates the time from receiving the start command to the unit being connected to the grid and the power reaching time; Indicates the maximum start time allowed by the scheduler; Indicates the shortest startup time achievable by the technology; Indicates the energy consumed to maintain the startability of the equipment during cold standby. , Indicates the cold standby duration.

[0069] (2) Multi-level standby coordination ; Definition: A comprehensive indicator that assesses the efficiency of coordinated switching and resource allocation between different reserve levels (e.g., cold, warm, and hot) for pumped storage units. It quantifies the unit's ability to maintain grid stability and rapidly respond to dispatch in multi-level reserve modes, and is a key parameter for measuring flexibility and reliability.

[0070] (4) Where: Indicates the The priority or efficiency weight of the secondary standby resources in the collaborative operation, hot standby 0.6, cold standby is 0.1; Indicates the Active power actually provided by the secondary reserve resources (MW); It represents the total reserve power (MW) required by the grid to be shared by all reserve levels; Indicates the power mismatch between different reserve levels due to differences in response speed or conflicting control strategies (MW); It represents the sum of the absolute values ​​of conflicting powers of all standby levels, reflecting the degree of coordination failure.

[0071] (3) Climbing rate Definition: The absolute value of the unit's power change per unit time, reflecting the dynamic ability of power regulation.

[0072] (5) Where: Indicates the power change (MW), and represent target power and initial power respectively; Indicates the time required for power change (s), and represent the target power and initial power respectively.

[0073] 3) Peak load regulation capability; (1) Dynamic adjustment margin ; Definition: A measure of the power adjustment space available for a unit during real-time peak regulation.

[0074] (6) Where: The maximum power available at the current moment (MW), taking into account factors such as head and SOC; Indicates the minimum output allowed by the technology (MW); Indicates the time interval between two adjacent working mode conversions (h); Indicates a typical peak-shaving period (e.g., 24 hours); Indicates the rated capacity of the unit (unit: WM).

[0075] (2) Emergency peak load response time ; Definition: The time from receiving the emergency peak-shaving instruction to reaching the power target.

[0076] (7) Where: Indicates the time difference from receiving the emergency peak-shaving command to the start of action of the unit control system; Indicates the power adjustment required by the scheduling, that is, the difference between the peak-shaving target power and the current actual power; Indicates the maximum power change rate allowed by the unit under safety constraints; Indicates the additional delay time caused by factors such as equipment aging and control system drift; Indicates the number of operating mode switches of the unit within a period of time (usually 24 hours) before the emergency peak load shaving task is executed; It indicates the reference number of daily operating mode switching allowed by the design, which does not affect the critical value of the response time.

[0077] 4) Reactive power regulation capability (1) Dynamic voltage support performance ; Definition: This function evaluates the ability of reactive power injection to suppress voltage fluctuations, reflects the voltage-boosting effect per unit of reactive power, and considers the attenuation effect of the voltage change rate on the supporting effect. It is suitable for evaluating equipment performance in scenarios with rapid voltage fluctuations.

[0078] (8) Where: Indicates the voltage increase or fluctuation suppression amount of the target node after reactive power injection; Indicates the total amount of reactive power injected into the grid by the unit (Mvar); Indicates the rate of change of voltage over time (kV / s); Indicates the upper limit of the voltage change rate allowed for safe operation of the power grid.

[0079] (2) Phase-modulation reactive power regulation margin ; Definition: The dynamic adjustment range of reactive power that the unit can provide in phase modulation mode, taking into account the thermal stability constraints of the equipment.

[0080] (9) Where: Indicates the maximum allowable reactive output in phase modulation mode (Mvar); Indicates the minimum stable reactive output in phase modulation mode (Mvar), Indicates the cumulative duration of phase modulation operation (h). Indicates the rated phase modulation operation time (h). Indicates the rated reactive power.

[0081] (3) Reactive-active coupling loss rate ; Definition: Measures the efficiency loss caused by PQ operation exceeding the limit and quantifies the additional efficiency loss of pumped storage units when providing active power and reactive power at the same time.

[0082] (10) Where: Indicates the actual power of the unit; Indicates the target power setting of the unit; Indicates the reactive power output in real time; Indicates the maximum reactive power capacity of the equipment under specific operating conditions (unit: Mvar); Indicates the rated capacity of the unit (unit: WM).

[0083] 5) Black start capability; (1) Voltage recovery rate ; Definition: During a black start, the rate at which the unit voltage rises from zero to a stable bus voltage, reflecting the speed of support for grid recovery.

[0084] (11) Where: Indicates the target stable voltage (kV); represents the initial voltage (kV); Indicates the time (in seconds) it takes for the voltage to rise from 0 to a stable value.

[0085] 6) Grid morphological characteristics; (1) Delivery capacity margin ; Definition: The ratio of the actual transmission capacity of the power transmission grid to its planned maximum transmission capacity, reflecting the grid's potential for power transmission.

[0086] (12) Where: Indicates the actual external power (MW); Indicates the maximum design capacity of the transmission channel (MW).

[0087] (2) Dependence on electricity ; Definition: The proportion of external electricity received by the receiving power grid to the total electricity demand, reflecting the grid's dependence on external electricity.

[0088] (13) Where: Indicates the amount of electricity received (MWh); Total electricity consumption on the grid (MWh).

[0089] (3) Electricity self-sufficiency rate ; Definition: The proportion of local power generation to total electricity demand, directly related to the characteristics of the power grid, whether it is a transmission or a receiving grid. For a transmission grid, SSR > 120%; for a balancing grid, SSR 80% ≤ SSR ≤ 120%; for a receiving grid, SSR < 80%.

[0090] (14) (4) N-1 transmission channel pass rate ; Definition: When any transmission channel fails (N-1), the probability that the remaining channels can meet the power transmission demand.

[0091] (15) Where: Indicates the number of transmission channels that meet the N-1 safety criterion; Indicates the total number of transmission channels.

[0092] (5) Voltage support demand ratio ; Definition: The ratio of the dynamic reactive power compensation capacity required by the receiving power grid to the reactive power output of the local power source, reflecting the dependence on external voltage support.

[0093] (16) Where: Indicates the capacity of dynamic reactive power compensation equipment (Mvar); Indicates the reactive power output (Mvar) of the local synchronous unit.

[0094] (6) Peak load pressure index ; (17) Where: Peak-shaving capacity (MW) of local power sources (such as pumped storage and gas-fired units).

[0095] In one specific embodiment, based on a multi-type regulation capability evaluation system for pumped-storage power stations under different grid configurations, a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the regulation capability of a pumped-storage power station is performed to obtain a dynamic priority score for each unit in the pumped-storage power station to be evaluated, specifically comprising: An expert evaluation mechanism is used to compare each index in automatic power generation control, emergency standby capacity, peak regulation capacity, reactive power regulation capacity and black start capacity. Triangular fuzzy numbers are used to represent relative importance. A fuzzy complementary judgment matrix is ​​constructed based on triangular fuzzy numbers. The geometric average of the triangular fuzzy numbers in each row of the fuzzy complementary judgment matrix is ​​used to obtain the weight. Then, the center method is used to convert the fuzzy weight into a clear value. Based on the clear value, the first i Normalized weight of each indicator ; Normalized weights based on grid morphology characteristics Make corrections and obtain the corrected weights ; Based on the corrected weights, calculate the maximum eigenvalue of the fuzzy complementary judgment matrix; calculate the consistency index CI and consistency ratio based on the maximum eigenvalue ; Based on the revised weight Calculate the loss rate of the power grid and the loss rate of the power station , adjust the weight settings of each fuzzy hierarchical analysis method so that the loss rate of the power grid and the loss rate of the power station are greater than the preset value; Based on the entropy weight-TOPSIS composite algorithm, the five major regulation capabilities of the pumped storage power station are dynamically prioritized at different time points to obtain the dynamic priority score of each unit in the evaluated pumped storage power station.

[0096] In a specific embodiment, based on the multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system of pumped storage power stations under different power grid forms, a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the regulation capacity of pumped storage power stations is performed to obtain the dynamic priority score of each unit in the pumped storage power station to be evaluated. Figure 3 As shown, specifically including: 1) An indicator weight distribution model is established based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), and the ambiguity of expert judgment is handled by triangular fuzzy numbers; First, the expert evaluation mechanism is used to compare the indicators (1)-(11) pairwise, and the relative importance is expressed using triangular fuzzy numbers. The triangular fuzzy numbers are expressed as ,in . Indicates the importance of two indicators compared. There are 5 levels, namely, equally important , slightly more important , obviously important , strongly important , extremely important Then, construct the fuzzy complementary judgment matrix ,satisfy .

[0097] Then, The weights are obtained by geometrically averaging the triangular fuzzy numbers in each row: , and then the center method is used to convert the fuzzy weights into clear values , and finally get i Normalized weight of each indicator .

[0098] Next, the weights are modified by considering the characteristics of the power grid and the results of formulas (12)-(17). For example, the peak load regulation weight of the transmission-type power grid is increased, and the weight of the emergency standby is reduced; the weight of the emergency standby is increased for the receiving-type power grid, and the weight of the reactive power regulation capability and AGC capability is increased; for the power grid with high voltage support demand ratio requirements, the weights of AGC and reactive power regulation are increased. The modified weights As shown in (18), is the correction factor.

[0099] (18) Finally, perform a weight consistency test and calculate the maximum eigenvalue of the matrix : ,in is the modified weight vector. Calculate the consistency index CI: , calculate the consistency ratio , is a random consistency indicator, if , the matrix consistency is acceptable; otherwise, expert judgment is required.

[0100] 2) Combined with the improved Shapley value game theory method, the rationality of the weights of various subjective indicators is evaluated to achieve a balance of interests among multiple entities such as grid operators and power station operators; The stakeholders are the power grid (G) and the power station (P), and the characteristic function is established , when calculating the alliance characteristic function , , calculated separately hour, , calculated separately hour, .in , is the adjustment ability weight given by FAHP, where the weight of formula (1,3,4,6,7,8,11) is belong , the weight of formula (2,5,9,10) belong .

[0101] Next, we introduce the risk-bearing coefficient Modified traditional Shapley value , , where the grid correction factor is , power station correction factor .

[0102] Finally, the Nash equilibrium is verified and the loss rate of the power grid is calculated respectively. and the loss rate of the power station , calculate the loss rate of each subject deviating from the alliance and it is greater than 15%, proving that the scheme has reached an equilibrium state. Otherwise, continue to adjust the weight settings of each fuzzy hierarchical analysis method.

[0103] (19) (20) 3) The entropy weight-TOPSIS composite algorithm is introduced to dynamically prioritize the five major regulation capabilities of the power station at different time points.

[0104] (1) Data standardization; First, build the initial decision matrix , containing five categories of regulation capacity data of the power station to be evaluated, and the range method is used to normalize the data. Indicates the Time point The first unit An indicator value.

[0105] Positive indicators: (twenty one) Negative indicators: (twenty two) (2) Calculate information entropy and dynamic weight using a sliding window Dynamically calculate the entropy weight and calculate the The entropy value of the indicator , calculate the objective dynamic weight , the objective dynamic weight and subjective weight are combined to obtain the The mixed weights of the indicators: .

[0106] (3) Calculate the priority of each time point based on the dynamic weight. , combining indicator data with weights: ; Secondly, determine the dynamic positive and negative ideal solutions, among which the positive ideal solution The maximum value for each indicator: , negative ideal solution For each indicator, the minimum value is: ; Finally, calculate each sample Compute the Euclidean distance to the ideal solution: , calculated Dynamic priority score for each unit , sorted in descending order to get the dynamic priority.

[0107] (twenty three) See also Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device 100 for implementing a comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of a pumped storage unit under different power grid forms; the electronic device 100 includes a memory 101, at least one processor 102, a computer program 103 stored in the memory 101 and executable on the at least one processor 102, and at least one communication bus 104.

[0108] The memory 101 can be used to store the computer program 103. The processor 102 implements the steps of the method for comprehensively evaluating the operating capacity of a pumped storage unit under different power grid configurations described in the embodiment by running or executing the computer program stored in the memory 101 and calling the data stored in the memory 101. The memory 101 can mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area can store an operating system, at least one application required for a function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area can store data (such as audio data) created based on the use of the electronic device 100. In addition, the memory 101 can include a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device.

[0109] The at least one processor 102 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The processor 102 may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The processor 102 is the control center of the electronic device 100 and connects various parts of the entire electronic device 100 using various interfaces and lines.

[0110] The memory 101 in the electronic device 100 stores a plurality of instructions to implement a comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capability of a pumped storage unit under different power grid states. The processor 102 can execute the plurality of instructions to implement: Obtain the operating data of the pumped-storage power station to be evaluated and the data of the power grid where it is located; based on the operating data of the pumped-storage power station and the data of the power grid where it is located, construct a multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system for pumped-storage power stations under different power grid forms; Based on the multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system of pumped-storage power stations under different grid forms, a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the regulation capacity of pumped-storage power stations is carried out, and the dynamic priority score of each unit in the evaluated pumped-storage power station is obtained.

[0111] If the module / unit integrated in the electronic device 100 is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the process in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device that can carry the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory and read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory).

[0112] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0113] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0114] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0115] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0116] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of pumped storage units under different power grid configurations is characterized by: include: Obtain the operating data of the pumped storage power station to be evaluated and the data of the power grid where it is located; Based on the operating data of pumped storage power stations and the data of the power grids in which they are located, a multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system for pumped storage power stations under different power grid forms is constructed; Based on the multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system of pumped-storage power stations under different grid forms, a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the regulation capacity of pumped-storage power stations is carried out, and the dynamic priority score of each unit in the evaluated pumped-storage power station is obtained.

2. The comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of pumped storage units under different power grid configurations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step of constructing a multi-type regulation capability evaluation system for pumped-storage power stations under different grid forms, the regulation capability evaluation system includes: automatic power generation control, emergency standby capability, peak regulation capability, reactive power regulation capability, black start capability and grid form characteristics.

3. The comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of pumped storage units under different power grid configurations according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The automatic power generation control includes a dynamic adjustment rate correction index and adjust the DOP ; Dynamic adjustment rate correction index : (1) Where: Indicates actual power change, MW; Indicates the command response delay time, s; Indicates the inertia time constant of the unit; Indicates the time interval within which the dispatch instruction requires the unit to complete power change; Indicates the maximum number of operating mode switching times allowed for the unit within a unit time; Indicates the number of switching times of the unit's operating status within the evaluation period; Adjusting the DOP : (2) Where: Indicates the length of the time window for evaluating regulation accuracy; Indicates the unit is at time The actual output active power; Indicates that the AGC system is at time The target power command value issued; Indicates the rated capacity of the unit; A characteristic parameter that indicates the rate at which regulation accuracy decays over time.

4. The comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of pumped storage units under different power grid configurations according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The emergency standby capacity includes: cold standby startup efficiency coefficient , multi-level standby coordination and ramp rate ; Cold standby start efficiency coefficient : (3) Where: Indicates the maximum power that the unit can actually output after cold start; Indicates the time from receiving the start command to the unit being connected to the grid and the power reaching time; Indicates the maximum start time allowed by the scheduler; Indicates the shortest startup time achievable by the technology; Indicates the energy consumed to maintain the startability of the equipment during cold standby. Indicates the duration of cold standby; Multi-level standby coordination : （4） Where: Indicates the The priority or efficiency weight of the secondary reserve resources in the coordinated operation; Indicates the Active power actually provided by the secondary reserve resources, MW; It represents the total reserve power required by the grid for all reserve levels to be shared, in MW; It represents the power mismatch between different reserve levels due to the difference in response speed or conflict in control strategy, in MW; It represents the sum of the absolute values ​​of conflicting powers of all standby levels; Climbing rate : （5） Where: Indicates the power change, MW, and represent target power and initial power respectively; Indicates the time required for power change, s; and represent the target power and initial power respectively.

5. The comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of pumped storage units under different power grid configurations according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The peak regulation capability includes: dynamic adjustment margin , emergency peak load response time ; Dynamic adjustment margin : （6） Where: The maximum power available at the current moment, MW; Indicates the minimum output allowed by the technology, MW; Indicates the time interval between two adjacent working state conversions, h; Indicates a typical peak-shaving cycle; Indicates the maximum continuous output power allowed by the unit design; Emergency peak load response time : （7） Where: Indicates the time difference from receiving the emergency peak-shaving command to the start of action of the unit control system; Indicates the power adjustment required by the dispatcher; Indicates the maximum power change rate allowed by the unit under safety constraints; Indicates additional delay time; Indicates the number of operating mode switches of the unit within a period of time before the emergency peak load-shaving task is executed; Indicates the reference number of daily operating mode switching allowed by the design.

6. The comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of pumped storage units under different power grid configurations according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The reactive power regulation capability includes: dynamic voltage support efficiency , Phase-modulation reactive power regulation margin and reactive-active coupling loss rate ; Dynamic voltage support performance : （8） Where: Indicates the voltage increase or fluctuation suppression amount of the target node after reactive power injection; Indicates the total amount of reactive power injected into the grid by the unit, Mvar; Indicates the rate of change of voltage over time, kV / s; Indicates the upper limit of voltage change rate allowed for safe operation of the power grid; Phase-modulated reactive power regulation margin : （9） Where: Indicates the maximum allowable reactive output in phase modulation mode, Mvar; Indicates the minimum stable reactive output in phase modulation mode, Mvar, Indicates the cumulative duration of phase modulation operation, h, Indicates the rated phase modulation operation time, h; Indicates rated reactive power; Reactive-active coupling loss rate : （10） Where: Indicates the actual power of the unit; Indicates the target power setting of the unit; Indicates the reactive power output in real time; Indicates the maximum reactive power capacity of the equipment under specific operating conditions, Mvar; Indicates the rated capacity of the unit, WM.

7. The comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of pumped storage units under different power grid configurations according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The black start capability includes: voltage recovery rate ; Voltage recovery rate : （11） Where: Indicates the target stable voltage, kV; represents the initial voltage, kV; Indicates the time it takes for the voltage to rise from 0 to a stable value, in seconds.

8. The comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of pumped storage units under different power grid configurations according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The grid morphology characteristics include: transmission capacity margin , Dependence on electricity , electricity self-sufficiency rate , N-1 transmission channel pass rate , voltage support demand ratio and peak pressure index ; Delivery capacity margin : （12） Where: Indicates the actual external power, MW; represents the maximum design capacity of the transmission channel, MW; Dependence on electricity : （13） Where: Indicates the amount of electricity received, MWh; Total grid electricity consumption, MWh; Electricity self-sufficiency rate : （14） N-1 transmission channel pass rate : （15） Where: Indicates the number of transmission channels that meet the N-1 safety criterion; Indicates the total number of transmission channels; Voltage support requirement ratio : （16） Where: Indicates the capacity of dynamic reactive power compensation equipment, Mvar; Represents the reactive output of the local synchronous unit, Mvar; Peak shaving pressure index : （17） Where: is the peak shaving capacity of the local power supply, MW; is the maximum daily load of the power grid, MW; is the minimum daily load of the power grid, MW.

9. The comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of pumped storage units under different power grid configurations according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The steps of performing a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the regulation capability of a pumped-storage power station based on the multi-type regulation capability evaluation system of pumped-storage power stations under different power grid forms and obtaining a dynamic priority score of each unit in the pumped-storage power station to be evaluated specifically include: An expert evaluation mechanism is used to compare each index in automatic power generation control, emergency standby capacity, peak regulation capacity, reactive power regulation capacity and black start capacity. Triangular fuzzy numbers are used to represent relative importance. A fuzzy complementary judgment matrix is ​​constructed based on triangular fuzzy numbers. The geometric average of the triangular fuzzy numbers in each row of the fuzzy complementary judgment matrix is ​​used to obtain the weight. Then, the center method is used to convert the fuzzy weight into a clear value. Based on the clear value, the first i Normalized weight of each indicator ; Normalized weights based on grid morphology characteristics Make corrections and obtain the corrected weights ; Based on the corrected weights, calculate the maximum eigenvalue of the fuzzy complementary judgment matrix; calculate the consistency index CI and consistency ratio based on the maximum eigenvalue ; Based on the revised weight Calculate the loss rate of the power grid and the loss rate of the power station , adjust the weight settings of each fuzzy hierarchical analysis method so that the loss rate of the power grid and the loss rate of the power station are greater than the preset value; Based on the entropy weight-TOPSIS composite algorithm, the five major regulation capabilities of the pumped storage power station are dynamically prioritized at different time points to obtain the dynamic priority score of each unit in the evaluated pumped storage power station.

10. The comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of pumped storage units under different power grid configurations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The following steps are also included: The dynamic priority scores of each unit in the pumped storage power station to be evaluated are arranged in descending order to obtain the dynamic priority and output it.

11. The comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capability of pumped storage units under different power grid configurations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The following steps are also included: When dispatching the various groups in a pumped storage power station, priority is given to dispatching the unit with the highest dynamic priority score.

12. A comprehensive evaluation device for the operating capacity of pumped storage units under different power grid configurations, characterized in that: include: Construct a module for obtaining the operating data of the pumped storage power station to be evaluated and the data of the power grid where it is located; Based on the operating data of pumped storage power stations and the data of the power grids in which they are located, a multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system for pumped storage power stations under different power grid forms is constructed; The evaluation module is used to conduct a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the regulation capacity of pumped-storage power stations based on the multi-type regulation capacity evaluation system of pumped-storage power stations under different power grid forms, and obtain the dynamic priority score of each unit in the pumped-storage power station to be evaluated.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is used to execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of a pumped storage unit under different power grid forms as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

14. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores at least one instruction, and when the at least one instruction is executed by the processor, it implements the comprehensive evaluation method for the operating capacity of the pumped storage unit under different power grid forms as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

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