Multifunctional energy tower heat pump system and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides the technical field of energy tower heat pumps, and particularly relates to a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system and a working method thereof. An energy tower circulation subsystem and a cold and heat combined supply heat pump subsystem can be used for refrigerating water and heating water under the synergistic effect; the synergistic effect of the energy tower circulation subsystem, the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem and the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water and steam subsystem can be used for making high-temperature hot water and steam. The synergistic effect of the energy tower circulation subsystem, the cold and heat combined supply heat pump subsystem and the dehumidification drainage subsystem can be used for solution concentration. According to the energy tower, heat and mass exchange exists when the energy tower makes contact with flowing air, heat exchange with the external environment can be achieved, the capacity of collecting cold energy and heat from the external environment is achieved, and meanwhile the energy tower further develops the evaporation and concentration function of the energy tower for different heat-sensitive solutions by utilizing the mass transfer property of the energy tower and combining energy recovery design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy tower heat pumps, and in particular to a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Low-grade thermal energy refers to a form of heat energy with low temperature, poor energy quality, and difficulty in utilization. Due to its low temperature and low energy density, this type of heat energy is often difficult to efficiently convert directly into mechanical or electrical energy using conventional equipment. While low-grade thermal energy presents significant challenges in utilization, it offers the advantages of being both a large-scale resource and a clean, environmentally friendly source. With the growing emphasis on the utilization of low-grade thermal energy and the growing demand for energy recovery, research into developing diverse solutions for utilizing low-grade thermal energy has garnered increasing attention.

[0003] A conventional energy tower heat pump system consists of an energy tower, a water-to-water heat pump unit, and terminal heating and cooling connections. In winter, an antifreeze medium exchanges heat with the air in the energy tower, absorbing heat energy from the air. The heat pump unit then upgrades the heat for heating. In summer, the heat pump unit transfers waste heat from the terminal to the energy tower's circulating water, where it releases the waste heat into the air through water-air heat exchange. Conventional energy tower heat pumps typically only have one end in contact with the environment, while the other end is connected to the heating and cooling systems. Their general function is to produce cold water in summer and hot water in winter.

[0004] Evaporation and concentration devices vaporize and remove the solvent from the solution by heating, thereby increasing the solute ratio. Conventional evaporation and concentration devices continuously supply heat to the solution and use a fan to continuously extract the evaporated steam to cause the solvent to continue to evaporate into the gas phase. The extracted steam is often discharged through condensation or directly discharged, and its heat is not recycled, thus consuming a lot of energy. In addition, for some solutions with heat-sensitive solutes, using a heat exchanger to provide heat may cause local high temperatures that destroy the solute value. Traditional hot air evaporation has a low heat and mass exchange efficiency at the liquid surface.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a multifunctional system that has the original functions of the above traditional energy tower heat pump and evaporation concentration device and overcomes the defects of the above traditional devices is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system and a working method thereof, which are used to solve the problems in the prior art that conventional energy tower heat pumps do not have the function of producing high-temperature hot water or even steam, nor do they have the function of being used for solution evaporation and concentration and recovering energy; the steam heat of conventional evaporation and concentration devices is not recycled and utilized, a large amount of energy is consumed, and for heat-sensitive solutes, local high temperatures may occur that destroy the solute value; and the heat and mass exchange efficiency of traditional hot air evaporation and concentration is low.

[0007] The present invention provides a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system, including an energy tower circulation subsystem, a combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem, a dehumidification and drainage subsystem, and a cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem; wherein, The energy tower circulation subsystem and the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem work together to cool water and make hot water; The synergistic effect of the energy tower circulation subsystem, the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem and the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem can be used to produce higher temperature hot water and steam; The synergistic effect of the energy tower circulation subsystem, the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem and the dehumidification and drainage subsystem can be used for solution concentration.

[0008] According to a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system provided by the present invention, the energy tower circulation subsystem includes an energy tower, a filler, a fan, a first butterfly valve, a second butterfly valve, a third butterfly valve, a first pump body, a second pump body, and a third pump body; The energy tower is provided with a circulating air duct inside, a spray trough at the top and a bottom trough at the bottom; a filler is provided between the spray trough and the bottom trough; The outlet of the first pump body is connected to the bottom tank for feeding liquid into the bottom tank; The inlet of the second pump body is connected to the bottom tank and is used for discharging liquid from the bottom tank to the outside; The inlet of the third pump body is connected to the bottom tank, and the outlet of the third pump body is connected to the spray tank; The fan is located at the air outlet side of the packing and before it enters the circulating air duct, and is used to force the packing to enter and exit the air or circulate in the circulating air duct; The first butterfly valve is located at the opening next to the air duct on the air outlet side of the fan; the second butterfly valve is located at the opening next to the air duct on the air inlet side of the packing and after the outlet of the circulating air duct; the third butterfly valve is located in the circulating air duct.

[0009] According to a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system provided by the present invention, the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem includes a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a four-way valve, a first compressor and a first water exchange tank; The first heat exchanger is located in the circulating air duct and after the dehumidification and drainage subsystem, and the inlet and outlet of the first heat exchanger are respectively provided with a first solenoid valve and a second solenoid valve; The second heat exchanger is connected to the outlet pipe of the third pump body before entering the energy tower, and the working fluid side is connected in series to the subsystem working fluid circulation main pipeline; a third solenoid valve is provided at the working fluid outlet of the second heat exchanger; The first water exchange tank is connected in parallel to the subsystem working medium circulation main pipeline; the working medium inlet and outlet of the first water exchange tank are respectively provided with a fourth solenoid valve and a fifth solenoid valve; The third heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the subsystem working medium circulation main pipeline, and the working medium inlet and outlet of the third heat exchanger are respectively provided with a sixth solenoid valve and a seventh solenoid valve; One end of the eighth solenoid valve is connected to the pipeline before entering the second heat exchanger, and the other end is connected to the pipeline between the fourth solenoid valve and the first water exchange tank.

[0010] According to a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system provided by the present invention, the dehumidification and drainage subsystem includes a second compressor, a fourth heat exchanger, a fifth heat exchanger and a steam trap; The fourth and fifth heat exchangers are located in the circulating air duct and behind the air outlet side of the fan; the fifth heat exchanger is in front of the fourth heat exchanger, and the circulating air first passes through the fifth heat exchanger and then passes through the fourth heat exchanger; The high-temperature working fluid discharged from the second compressor enters the fourth heat exchanger along the pipeline to release heat. After condensation or cooling, the working fluid reaches the ninth solenoid valve along the pipeline. After throttling and expansion through the ninth solenoid valve, the temperature becomes lower. The working fluid enters the fifth heat exchanger along the pipeline to absorb heat and evaporate, and then enters the second compressor. The steam trap is located below the air duct at the fifth heat exchanger position.

[0011] According to a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system provided by the present invention, the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem is installed on the third heat exchanger, including a third compressor, a second water exchange tank, and a fourth compressor. The working fluid of the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem passes through the third heat exchanger and enters the third compressor along the pipeline. The third compressor, the second water exchange tank, the tenth solenoid valve and the third heat exchanger are connected in sequence to form a loop; the inlet pipeline of the fourth compressor is connected to the top of the second water exchange tank, and the water flash steam in the tank enters the fourth compressor for compression and discharge.

[0012] The present invention also provides a working method of a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system, including cooling water and hot water: opening the first butterfly valve and the second butterfly valve, closing the third butterfly valve, starting the fan and the third pump body, starting the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem and connecting the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchange water tank, not connecting the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, and reversing the corresponding cooling water regulating four-way valve; Ambient air is drawn into the energy tower by a fan, exchanges heat and mass with the spray liquid as it passes through the packing, and is then exhausted by the fan. The solution that has gained cooling or heat is pumped into the second heat exchanger by the third pump body for heat exchange, and then returns to the packing to continue heat and mass exchange with the air. The working fluid of the combined cooling and heating pump subsystem obtains cooling or heat through the second heat exchanger. When the working medium obtains cooling capacity, the four-way valve is adjusted so that the working medium flows from the first compressor to the second heat exchanger. The third solenoid valve plays a throttling expansion role and adjusts the opening according to the superheat. The fourth and fifth solenoid valves are fully opened, and the solenoid valves of other combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystems are fully closed. The working medium is throttled and cooled by the third solenoid valve and enters the first water exchange tank to absorb heat from the water in the tank and produce cold water. When the working medium obtains heat, the four-way valve is adjusted so that the working medium flows from the first compressor to the first water exchange tank. The third solenoid valve plays a throttling expansion role and adjusts the opening according to the superheat. The fourth solenoid valve and the fifth solenoid valve are fully opened, and the solenoid valves of other combined heating and cooling heat pump subsystems are fully closed. After compression, the working medium enters the first water exchange tank and releases heat to the water in the tank to produce hot water.

[0013] According to the present invention, a working method of a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system includes producing higher temperature hot water and steam: opening the first butterfly valve and the second butterfly valve, closing the third butterfly valve, starting the fan and the third pump body, starting the combined hot and cold heat pump subsystem and connecting the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, not connecting the first heat exchanger and the first water exchange tank, starting the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem, and after the working fluid is compressed, transferring heat to the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem in the third heat exchanger. After absorbing heat, the working fluid of the subsystem is heated to a higher temperature by the third compressor and enters the second water exchange tank to release heat to the water in the tank to produce higher temperature hot water; when producing steam, the fourth compressor is started to extract air from the second water exchange tank, and the water in the tank flashes out steam under negative pressure, which is compressed and heated by the fourth compressor to become higher temperature steam.

[0014] According to the present invention, a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system operating method includes the following steps: concentrating the solution: closing the first and second butterfly valves, opening the third butterfly valve, starting the fan and the third pump, starting the combined heat and cooling heat pump subsystem, connecting to the first heat exchanger, and optionally connecting only to the second heat exchanger or the first water exchange tank, starting the dehumidification and drainage subsystem, and starting the first and second pumps; air is drawn by the fan to circulate within the energy tower and the circulating air duct, exchanging heat and mass with the spray liquid when passing through the packing, carrying away part of the water in the sprayed solution; losing heat when passing through the fifth heat exchanger, causing the added water to condense and be discharged from the steam trap; then, when passing through the fourth heat exchanger, the air receives the sum of the heat lost in the fifth heat exchanger and the enthalpy increase of the second compressor; if the temperature rises to a higher temperature than before passing through the packing, heat is given off when passing through the first heat exchanger to return to the temperature before passing through the packing; if the temperature does not reach the temperature before passing through the packing, heat is received when passing through the first heat exchanger to rise to the temperature before passing through the packing.

[0015] According to a working method of a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system provided by the present invention, for the concentration of solutions of different thermosensitive solutes: for solutions of solutes with low thermosensitivity, heating solution evaporation is adopted, which is suitable for scenes with low ambient temperature, and the high-temperature solution exchanges heat and mass with the circulating air; for solutions with high thermosensitivity, cooling solution evaporation is adopted, which is suitable for scenes with high ambient temperature, and the low-temperature solution exchanges heat and mass with the circulating air.

[0016] According to a working method of a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system provided by the present invention, in the process of producing high-temperature hot water and steam, the working medium of the compressor of the high-temperature hot water steam subsystem of the cascade heat pump is water vapor.

[0017] The multifunctional energy tower heat pump system and its working method provided by the present invention are characterized by heat and mass exchange when the energy tower contacts the flowing air. It can not only exchange heat with the external environment, but also has the ability to collect cold and heat from the external environment. At the same time, the energy tower of the present invention also utilizes its mass transfer properties and combines it with energy recovery design to develop an evaporation and concentration function for different heat-sensitive solutions.

[0018] The cascade high-temperature heat pump of the present invention can produce hot water at a higher temperature, and increasing the flash compression enthalpy of the compressor can further produce water vapor at a higher temperature.

[0019] The present invention utilizes the characteristic of relative flow of gas and liquid phases on the surface of the filler to drive mass transfer, avoids the use of high-temperature evaporation, and greatly reduces the problem of solute deterioration caused by local excessive temperature. At the same time, the surface design of the filler is conducive to enhancing mass and heat transfer, so that the evaporation efficiency of water is higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the multifunctional energy tower heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1. Ninth solenoid valve; 2. Second compressor; 3. First butterfly valve; 4. Fourth heat exchanger; 5. Fifth heat exchanger; 6. Fan; 7. First pump body; 8. Second pump body; 9. Steam trap; 10. Energy tower; 11. Packing; 12. Third butterfly valve; 13. Third pump body; 14. First heat exchanger; 15. Second butterfly valve; 16. Second heat exchanger; 17. First solenoid valve; 18. Second solenoid valve; 19. Four-way valve; 20. First compressor; 21. Third solenoid valve; 22. Sixth solenoid valve; 23. Seventh solenoid valve; 24. Fourth solenoid valve; 25. Fifth solenoid valve; 26. Third heat exchanger; 27. First hot water tank; 28. Third compressor; 29. ​​Tenth solenoid valve; 30. Second hot water tank; 31. Fourth compressor; 32. Eighth solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The following combination Figure 1 The multifunctional energy tower heat pump system of the present invention includes an energy tower circulation subsystem, a combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem, a dehumidification and drainage subsystem, and a cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem.

[0025] The energy tower circulation subsystem and the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem work together to chill water and produce hot water. The energy tower circulation subsystem, the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem, and the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem work together to produce higher-temperature hot water and steam. The energy tower circulation subsystem, the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem, and the dehumidification and drainage subsystem work together to concentrate solutions.

[0026] The multifunctional energy tower heat pump system provided by the present invention can not only relieve the collection of cold and heat from the outside, but also utilize its mass transfer properties and combine it with energy recovery to develop the evaporation and concentration function of the energy tower for different heat-sensitive solutions.

[0027] Conventional energy tower heat pumps generally produce hot water at 40-45°C. The present invention, based on this, cascades high-temperature heat pumps to produce hot water at higher temperatures. Increasing the compressor flash compression enthalpy increase can further produce higher temperature steam.

[0028] Specifically, the energy tower circulation subsystem includes an energy tower 10, a packing material 11, a fan 6, a first butterfly valve 3, a second butterfly valve 15, a third butterfly valve 12, a first pump body 7, a second pump body 8, and a third pump body 13. The energy tower 10 is internally provided with a circulation air duct. The energy tower 10 has a spray trough at the top and a bottom trough at the bottom. The packing material 11 is located between the spray trough and the bottom trough. The outlet of the first pump body 7 is connected to the bottom trough for liquid to enter the bottom trough. The inlet of the second pump body 8 is connected to the bottom trough for liquid to be discharged from the bottom trough. The inlet of the third pump body 13 is connected to the bottom trough, and the outlet of the third pump body 13 is connected to the spray trough. The fan 6 is located on the outlet side of the packing material 11, before it enters the circulation air duct, and is used to force air into and out of the packing material 11, or to circulate air within the circulation air duct. The first butterfly valve 3 is located at an opening next to the air duct on the outlet side of the fan 6. The second butterfly valve 15 is located at an opening next to the air duct on the inlet side of the packing material 11, after the outlet of the circulation air duct. The third butterfly valve 12 is located within the circulation air duct.

[0029] In the above embodiment, the first and second butterfly valves 3 and 15 are open, and the third butterfly valve 12 is closed. This allows the energy tower 10 to exchange heat and mass with the outside air. Conversely, the energy tower 10 exchanges heat and mass with the circulating air. Spray liquid flows in and out of the packing 11 from top to bottom, and air flows in and out from the front to back. The spray liquid and air exchange heat and mass within the packing 11. The fan 6 draws away the air that passes through the packing 11, and the spray liquid falls into the bottom trough.

[0030] Furthermore, the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem includes a first heat exchanger 14, a second heat exchanger 16, a third heat exchanger 26, a four-way valve 19, a first compressor 20, and a first water exchange tank 27. The first heat exchanger 14 is located in the circulating air duct, after the dehumidification and drainage subsystem. The circulating air passes through the first heat exchanger 14 to transfer cold or heat to the working fluid. The inlet and outlet of the first heat exchanger 14 are respectively provided with a first solenoid valve 17 and a second solenoid valve 18. The opening and closing of the first solenoid valve 17 and the second solenoid valve 18 control the use and deactivation of the first heat exchanger 14. The second heat exchanger 16 is connected to the outlet pipe of the third pump body 13 before entering the energy tower, and the working fluid side is connected in series with the subsystem working fluid circulation main pipeline.

[0031] A third solenoid valve 21 is provided at the working medium outlet of the second heat exchanger 16, which functions as a throttling expansion valve or can disconnect the second heat exchanger 16 from the subsystem circuit. A first water exchange tank 27 is connected in parallel to the subsystem working medium circulation main pipeline; a fourth solenoid valve 24 and a fifth solenoid valve 25 are provided at the working medium inlet and outlet of the first water exchange tank 27, respectively. The fourth solenoid valve 24 and the fifth solenoid valve 25 function as throttling expansion valves or can disconnect the first water exchange tank 27 from the subsystem circuit. A third heat exchanger 26 is connected in parallel to the subsystem working medium circulation main pipeline; a sixth solenoid valve 22 and a seventh solenoid valve 23 are provided at the working medium inlet and outlet of the third heat exchanger 26, respectively. The sixth solenoid valve 22 and the seventh solenoid valve 23 function as throttling expansion valves or can disconnect the third heat exchanger 26 from the subsystem circuit. One end of the eighth solenoid valve 32 is connected to the pipe before entering the second heat exchanger 16, and the other end is connected to the pipe between the fourth solenoid valve 24 and the first water exchange tank 27. When it is opened, it bypasses the second heat exchanger 16 and connects the subsystem circuit at the same time.

[0032] Furthermore, the dehumidification and drainage subsystem includes a second compressor 2, a fourth heat exchanger 4, a fifth heat exchanger 5, and a steam trap 9. The fourth and fifth heat exchangers 4 and 5 are located in the circulating air duct, behind the outlet side of the fan 6; the fifth heat exchanger 5 is located in front of the fourth heat exchanger 4, so the circulating air first passes through the fifth heat exchanger 5 and then through the fourth heat exchanger 4.

[0033] The high-temperature working fluid discharged from the second compressor 2 enters the fourth heat exchanger 4 along the pipeline to release heat. After condensation or cooling, the working fluid reaches the ninth solenoid valve 1 along the pipeline. After throttling and expansion through the ninth solenoid valve 1, the temperature becomes lower. The working fluid enters the fifth heat exchanger 5 along the pipeline to absorb heat and evaporate, and then enters the second compressor 2. The steam trap 9 is located below the air duct at the position of the fifth heat exchanger 5, and the condensed water of the circulating air is discharged from the air duct through the steam trap 9.

[0034] Furthermore, the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water vapor subsystem is mounted on the third heat exchanger 26 and includes a third compressor 28, a second water exchange tank 30, and a fourth compressor 31. The third compressor 28, the second water exchange tank 30, the tenth solenoid valve 29, and the third heat exchanger 26 are sequentially connected to form a loop. The inlet pipe of the fourth compressor 31 is connected to the top of the second water exchange tank 30. The flash vapor of the water in the tank enters the fourth compressor 31 for compression and discharge. The working fluid of the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water vapor subsystem passes through the third heat exchanger 26 and along the pipe into the third compressor 28. After the working fluid vapor is heated, it enters the second water exchange tank 30 to heat the water in the tank. After condensation and cooling, it travels along the pipe to the tenth solenoid valve 29. After throttling and expansion through the tenth solenoid valve 29, the temperature is lowered. It then enters the third heat exchanger 26 along the pipe, absorbs heat, and evaporates. It then enters the third compressor 28. The inlet pipe of the fourth compressor 31 is connected to the top of the second water exchange tank 30. The flash vapor of the water in the tank enters the fourth compressor 31 and is heated to a higher temperature.

[0035] The present invention also provides a working method of a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system, including chilled water and hot water: open the first butterfly valve 3 and the second butterfly valve 15, close the third butterfly valve 12, start the fan 6 and the third pump body 13, start the combined heat and cold supply heat pump subsystem and connect the second heat exchanger 16 and the first heat exchange water tank 27, do not connect the first heat exchanger 14 and the third heat exchanger 26, adjust the direction of the corresponding chilled water regulating four-way valve 19, and control the opening of the corresponding solenoid valve that plays a throttling expansion role according to the superheat. The ambient air is drawn into the energy tower by the fan 6, exchanges heat and mass with the spray liquid when passing through the filler 11, and is then discharged by the fan 6. The solution that obtains cold or heat is pumped into the second heat exchanger 16 by the third pump body 13 for heat exchange, and then sprayed onto the filler 11 after heat exchange to continue heat and mass exchange with the air; the working fluid of the combined heat and cold supply heat pump subsystem obtains cold or heat through the second heat exchanger 16; When the working medium obtains cooling capacity, the four-way valve 19 is adjusted to connect the pipes 111 and 112, 115 and 114 so that the working medium flows from the first compressor 20 to the second heat exchanger 16. The third solenoid valve 21 plays a throttling expansion role and adjusts the opening according to the superheat. The fourth solenoid valve 24 and the fifth solenoid valve 25 are fully opened, and the solenoid valves of other combined heating and cooling heat pump subsystems are fully closed. The working medium is throttled and cooled through the third solenoid valve 21 and enters the first water exchange tank 27 to absorb heat from the water in the tank and produce cold water.

[0036] When the working medium obtains heat, the four-way valve 19 is adjusted to connect the pipes 112 and 114, 111 and 115 so that the working medium flows from the first compressor 20 to the first water exchange tank 27. The third solenoid valve 21 plays a throttling expansion role and adjusts the opening according to the superheat. The fourth solenoid valve 24 and the fifth solenoid valve 25 are fully opened, and the solenoid valves of other combined heating and cooling heat pump subsystems are fully closed. After compression, the working medium enters the first water exchange tank 27 and releases heat to the water in the tank to produce hot water.

[0037] In a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the working method of the multifunctional energy tower heat pump system also includes producing higher temperature hot water and steam: opening the first butterfly valve 3 and the second butterfly valve 15, closing the third butterfly valve 12, starting the fan 6 and the third pump body 13, starting the combined heat and cold supply heat pump subsystem and connecting the second heat exchanger 16 and the third heat exchanger 26, not connecting the first heat exchanger 14 and the first water exchange tank 27, and starting the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem. The method in which the working fluid of the combined heat and cold supply heat pump subsystem obtains heat is the same as when producing hot water. The difference is that after being compressed, the working fluid transfers heat to the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem in the third heat exchanger 26. After absorbing heat, the working fluid of the subsystem is heated to a higher temperature by the third compressor 28 and enters the second water exchange tank 30 to release heat to the water in the tank to produce higher temperature hot water; when producing steam, the fourth compressor 31 is started to extract air from the second water exchange tank 30, and the water in the tank flashes out steam under negative pressure, which is compressed and heated by the fourth compressor 31 to become higher temperature steam.

[0038] During the above operation, the compressor of the cascade heat pump's high-temperature hot water vapor subsystem uses water vapor as the working fluid. A Roots compressor is used for temperatures below 108°C, and a screw compressor is used for temperatures between 108°C and 120°C. Plate heat exchangers, coil heat exchangers, or fin heat exchangers can be used for the fourth heat exchanger 4, the fifth heat exchanger 5, and the first heat exchanger 14. Plate heat exchangers and tube-in-tube heat exchangers can be used for the second heat exchanger 16 and the third heat exchanger 26. Heat exchange coils can be used in the first and second hot water tanks 27 and 30. An axial flow fan is recommended for the fan 6. Orifice plate corrugated packing is recommended for the packing 11. For the spray liquid: water is recommended when collecting cold energy from the air, and antifreeze is recommended when collecting heat from the air.

[0039] In a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the working method of the multifunctional energy tower heat pump system also includes solution concentration: closing the first butterfly valve 3 and the second butterfly valve 15, opening the third butterfly valve 12, starting the fan 6 and the third pump body 13, starting the cold and hot combined heat pump subsystem according to the process conditions, connecting to the first heat exchanger 14 and connecting only the second heat exchanger 16 or the first water exchange tank 27 as appropriate, starting the dehumidification and drainage subsystem, starting the first pump body 7 and the second pump body 8; the air is drawn by the fan 6 to circulate in the energy tower 10 and the circulating air duct, and when passing through the filler 11, it is heated by the spray liquid. During mass exchange, the air carries away part of the water in the sprayed solution. When passing through the fifth heat exchanger 5, the air loses heat, causing the added water to condense and be discharged from the steam trap 9. Then, when passing through the fourth heat exchanger 4, the air obtains the sum of the heat lost in the fifth heat exchanger 5 and the enthalpy increase of the second compressor 2. If the temperature rises to a higher temperature than before passing through the packing 11, the air gives up heat when passing through the first heat exchanger 14 and returns to the temperature before passing through the packing 11. If the temperature does not reach the temperature before passing through the packing 11, the air obtains heat when passing through the first heat exchanger 14 and rises to the temperature before passing through the packing 11.

[0040] The first pump body 7 and the second pump body 8 replenish and discharge the solution in the bottom tank of the energy tower 10 at a stable flow rate. When the circulating air needs to be cooled after passing through the first heat exchanger 14, the combined heat pump subsystem adjusts the four-way valve 19 to connect the pipes 110 and 114, 111 and 112, so that heat flows from the first heat exchanger 14 to the second heat exchanger 16 and is transferred to the spray liquid pumped by the third pump body 13, or closes the third solenoid valve 21 and the fourth solenoid valve; opens the fifth solenoid valve 25 and the eighth solenoid valve 32, connects the pipes 110 and 114, 111 and 112, so that heat flows from the first heat exchanger 14 to the first water exchange tank 27; when the circulating air needs to be heated after passing through the first heat exchanger 14, the combined heat pump subsystem adjusts the four-way valve 19 to connect the pipes 110 and 111, 112 and 114, so that heat is obtained from the spray liquid pumped by the third pump body 13 by the second heat exchanger 16 and flows to the first heat exchanger 14.

[0041] In a feasible embodiment of the present invention, the working method of the multifunctional energy tower heat pump system also includes: concentration of solutions of different thermosensitive solutes: for solutions of solutes with low thermosensitivity, such as seawater, wastewater, etc., heating the solution is used for evaporation, which is suitable for scenes with low ambient temperature, such as winter, the high-temperature solution exchanges heat and mass with the circulating air, and the working fluid of the subsystem containing the compressor is water vapor, R718, R744, R245fa, R1233zd, etc.

[0042] For solutions with high heat sensitivity, such as traditional Chinese medicine, protein, vitamins, fruit juice, etc., cooling solution evaporation is used, which is suitable for scenes with high ambient temperature. For example, in summer, the low-temperature solution exchanges heat and mass with the circulating air. The working fluid of the subsystem containing the compressor is R22, R410a, etc.

[0043] During the production of high-temperature hot water and steam, the compressor of the cascade heat pump's high-temperature hot water and steam subsystem uses water vapor as the working fluid. A Roots compressor is used for temperatures below 108°C, while a screw compressor is used for temperatures between 108°C and 120°C. Plate heat exchangers, coil heat exchangers, or fin heat exchangers can be used for the fourth heat exchanger 4, the fifth heat exchanger 5, and the first heat exchanger 14. Plate heat exchangers and tube-in-tube heat exchangers can be used for the second and third heat exchangers 16 and 26. Heat exchange coils can be used in the first and second water exchange tanks 27 and 30. An axial flow fan is recommended for the fan 6. Orifice plate corrugated packing is recommended for the packing 11. For the spray liquid, water is recommended when collecting cooling energy from the air, and antifreeze is recommended when collecting heat from the air.

[0044] More specifically, the cooling water is taken as an example of making 7°C water from 12°C water at an ambient temperature of 30°C: open the first butterfly valve 3 and the second butterfly valve 15, close the second butterfly valve 12, start the fan 6 and the third pump body 13, start the combined heat and heat pump subsystem and connect the second heat exchanger 16 and the first water exchange tank 27, and do not connect the first heat exchanger 14 and the third heat exchanger 26. The ambient 30°C air is drawn into the energy tower 10 by the fan 6, and exchanges heat and mass with the 35°C spray water when passing through the filler 11. It is then discharged by the fan 6, and the water cooled to 32°C is pumped into the second heat exchanger 16 by the third pump body 13 for heat exchange. After the heat exchange, it is sprayed onto the filler 11 to continue the heat and mass exchange with the air. The combined heat and heat pump subsystem adjusts the four-way valve 19 to connect the pipes 111 and 112, 115 and 114 so that the working medium flows from the first compressor 20 to the second heat exchanger. 16. The third solenoid valve 21 adjusts its opening according to the superheat, the fourth solenoid valve 24 and the fifth solenoid valve 25 are fully opened, and the solenoid valves of other combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystems are fully closed. The 37°C working fluid obtains coldness and condenses through the second heat exchanger 16, is throttled and cooled to 5°C by the third solenoid valve 21, and then enters the first water exchange tank 27 to absorb heat and cool the 12°C water in the tank to 7°C. After evaporation, the working fluid enters the first compressor 20 to raise its temperature to 37°C, and then enters the second heat exchanger 16 to continue heat exchange.

[0045] Take the production of hot water at an ambient temperature of -5°C and 40°C water to produce 45°C water as an example: open the first butterfly valve 3 and the second butterfly valve 15, close the third butterfly valve 12, start the fan 6 and the third pump body 13, start the combined heat and heat pump subsystem and connect the second heat exchanger 16 and the first water exchange tank 27, and do not connect the first heat exchanger 14 and the third heat exchanger 26. The ambient -5°C air is drawn into the energy tower 10 by the fan 6, and heat and mass are exchanged with the -10°C spray liquid when passing through the filler 11. It is then discharged by the fan 6. The antifreeze liquid, which has gained heat and heated to -7°C, is pumped into the second heat exchanger 16 by the third pump body 13 for heat exchange. After heat exchange, it is sprayed onto the filler 11 to continue heat and mass exchange with the air. The combined heat and heat pump subsystem adjusts the four-way valve 19 to connect the pipes 112 and 114, and 111 and 115 so that the working medium flows from the first compressor 20 to the first water exchange tank 27. The third solenoid valve 21 adjusts its opening according to the superheat, the fourth solenoid valve 24 and the fifth solenoid valve 25 are fully opened, and the solenoid valves of other combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystems are fully closed. The -12°C working medium obtains heat and evaporates through the second heat exchanger 16, enters the first compressor 20 for compression and temperature increase to 47°C, and then enters the first water exchange tank 27 to release heat and heat the 40°C water in the tank to 45°C. After condensing, the working medium passes through the third solenoid valve 21 for throttling and cooling to -12°C, and then enters the second heat exchanger 16 to continue heat exchange.

[0046] For example, the production of high-temperature hot water steam takes an ambient temperature of -5°C as an example: The first step is the same as the above method for producing hot water, except that the connection to the third heat exchanger 26 is replaced with the first heat exchanger 27, and the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem is activated. The working fluid in the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem absorbs heat through the third heat exchanger 26, evaporating to 45°C steam. It then enters the third compressor 28, where it is compressed and heated to 95°C. It then enters the second heat exchanger 30, transferring heat to the water within the tank. The working fluid then condenses and passes through the tenth solenoid valve 29, throttling it down to 45°C. The fourth compressor 31 pumps the pressure within the second heat exchanger 30 down to negative pressure, causing some of the water within the tank to flash evaporate to 90°C steam. This steam enters the fourth compressor 31, where it is compressed and heated to 108°C steam.

[0047] The concentration of a solution containing heat-sensitive solutes is exemplified by the following steps: close the first butterfly valve 3 and the second butterfly valve 15, open the third butterfly valve 12, start the fan 6 and the third pump 13, start the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem connected to the first heat exchanger 14 and the first water exchange tank 27, start the dehumidification and drainage subsystem, and start the first pump 7 and the second pump 8. 45°C air is drawn by the fan 6 to circulate within the energy tower 10 and the circulating air duct, and exchanges heat and mass with the spray liquid when passing through the filler 11. The 45°C air carries away part of the water in the sprayed solution. When passing through the fifth heat exchanger 5, the air loses heat, causing the added water to condense and be discharged from the steam trap 9. Then, when passing through the fourth heat exchanger 4, the air gains the sum of the heat lost in the fifth heat exchanger 5 and the enthalpy increase of the second compressor 2, raising the temperature to 52°C. Then, when passing through the first heat exchanger 14, the air gives up heat and returns to 45°C. The first pump body 7 and the second pump body 8 replenish and discharge the solution in the bottom tank of the energy tower 10 at a stable flow rate. The combined heat and cold supply heat pump subsystem closes the third solenoid valve 21 and the fourth solenoid valve 24, opens the fifth solenoid valve 25 and the eighth solenoid valve 32, and adjusts the four-way valve 19 to connect the pipelines 110 and 114, 111 and 112 to allow heat to flow from the first heat exchanger 14 to the first water exchange tank 27, and discharge the heat to the water in the tank.

[0048] The concentration of a solution of a non-thermosensitive solute is carried out by taking wastewater concentration as an example: the first butterfly valve 3 and the second butterfly valve 15 are closed, the third butterfly valve 12 is opened, the fan 6 and the third pump body 13 are started, the combined heat and cooling heat pump subsystem is started and connected to the first heat exchanger 14 and the second heat exchanger 16, the dehumidification and drainage subsystem is started, and the first pump body 7 and the second pump body 8 are started; the 85°C air is drawn by the fan 6 to circulate in the energy tower 10 and the circulating air duct, and heat and mass are exchanged with the spray liquid when passing through the filler 11. The air carries away part of the water in the sprayed solution, and loses heat when passing through the fifth heat exchanger 5, causing the added water to condense and be discharged from the steam trap 9. After that, when passing through the fourth heat exchanger 4, the air obtains the sum of the heat lost in the fifth heat exchanger 5 and the enthalpy increase of the second compressor 2, and rises to 92°C. After that, when passing through the first heat exchanger 14, the air gives up heat and returns to 85°C. The first pump body 7 and the second pump body 8 replenish and discharge the solution in the bottom tank of the energy tower 10 at a stable flow rate. The combined heat and cold supply heat pump subsystem adjusts the four-way valve 19 to connect the pipes 110 and 114, 111 and 112 to allow heat to flow from the first heat exchanger 14 to the second heat exchanger 16 and then to the spray liquid pumped out by the third pump body 13.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; and direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0050] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "mode", "specific mode", or "some modes" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or mode are included in at least one embodiment or mode of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or mode. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or modes in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or modes and features of different embodiments or modes described in this specification without contradiction.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional energy tower heat pump system, characterized in that: It includes energy tower circulation subsystem, combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem, dehumidification and drainage subsystem, and cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem; among them, The energy tower circulation subsystem and the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem work together to cool water and make hot water; The synergistic effect of the energy tower circulation subsystem, the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem and the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem can be used to produce higher temperature hot water and steam; The synergistic effect of the energy tower circulation subsystem, the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem and the dehumidification and drainage subsystem can be used for solution concentration.

2. The multifunctional energy tower heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy tower circulation subsystem comprises an energy tower (10), a filler (11), a fan (6), a first butterfly valve (3), a second butterfly valve (15), a third butterfly valve (12), a first pump body (7), a second pump body (8), and a third pump body (13); A circulating air duct is provided inside the energy tower (10), the top of the energy tower (10) is provided with a spray trough, and the bottom is provided with a bottom trough; a filler (11) is provided between the spray trough and the bottom trough; The outlet of the first pump body (7) is connected to the bottom tank and is used to feed liquid into the bottom tank; The inlet of the second pump body (8) is connected to the bottom tank and is used to discharge liquid from the bottom tank to the outside; The inlet of the third pump body (13) is connected to the bottom tank, and the outlet of the third pump body (13) is connected to the spray tank; The fan (6) is located at the air outlet side of the filler (11) and before it enters the circulating air duct, and is used to force the filler (11) to enter and exit the air or circulate in the circulating air duct; The first butterfly valve (3) is located at an opening next to the air duct on the air outlet side of the fan (6); the second butterfly valve (15) is located at an opening next to the air duct on the air inlet side of the packing (11) and after the outlet of the circulating air duct; and the third butterfly valve (12) is located in the circulating air duct.

3. The multifunctional energy tower heat pump system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem comprises a first heat exchanger (14), a second heat exchanger (16), a third heat exchanger (26), a four-way valve (19), a first compressor (20) and a first water exchange tank (27); The first heat exchanger (14) is located in the circulating air duct and after the dehumidification and drainage subsystem, and the inlet and outlet of the first heat exchanger (14) are respectively provided with a first solenoid valve (17) and a second solenoid valve (18); The second heat exchanger (16) is connected to the outlet pipe of the third pump body (13) before entering the energy tower (10), and the working fluid side is connected in series to the subsystem working fluid circulation main pipeline; a third solenoid valve (21) is provided at the working fluid outlet of the second heat exchanger (16); The first water exchange tank (27) is connected in parallel to the subsystem working medium circulation main pipeline; a fourth solenoid valve (24) and a fifth solenoid valve (25) are respectively provided at the working medium inlet and outlet of the first water exchange tank (27); The third heat exchanger (26) is connected in parallel to the subsystem working medium circulation main pipeline, and a sixth solenoid valve (22) and a seventh solenoid valve (23) are respectively provided at the working medium inlet and outlet of the third heat exchanger (26); One end of the eighth solenoid valve (32) is connected to the pipeline before entering the second heat exchanger (16), and the other end is connected to the pipeline between the fourth solenoid valve (24) and the first hot water tank (27).

4. The multifunctional energy tower heat pump system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dehumidification and drainage subsystem includes a second compressor (2), a fourth heat exchanger (4), a fifth heat exchanger (5) and a steam trap (9); The fourth heat exchanger (4) and the fifth heat exchanger (5) are located in the circulating air duct and behind the air outlet side of the fan (6); the fifth heat exchanger (5) is in front of the fourth heat exchanger, and the circulating air first passes through the fifth heat exchanger (5) and then passes through the fourth heat exchanger (4); The high-temperature working fluid discharged from the second compressor (2) enters the fourth heat exchanger (4) along the pipeline to release heat, and after condensation or cooling, the working fluid reaches the ninth solenoid valve (1) along the pipeline, and after throttling and expansion through the ninth solenoid valve (1), the temperature becomes lower, and then enters the fifth heat exchanger (5) along the pipeline to absorb heat and evaporate, and then enters the second compressor (2); The steam trap (9) is located below the air duct at the position of the fifth heat exchanger (5).

5. The multifunctional energy tower heat pump system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem is installed on the third heat exchanger (26), and includes a third compressor (28), a second water exchange tank (30), and a fourth compressor (31). The working fluid of the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem passes through the third heat exchanger (26) and enters the third compressor (28) along the pipeline. The third compressor (28), the second water exchange tank (30), the tenth solenoid valve (29) and the third heat exchanger (26) are connected in sequence to form a loop; the inlet pipeline of the fourth compressor (31) is connected to the top of the second water exchange tank (30), and the water flash steam in the tank enters the fourth compressor (31) for compression and discharge.

6. A method for operating a multifunctional energy tower heat pump system, characterized in that: Including cooling water and hot water: open the first butterfly valve (3) and the second butterfly valve (15), close the third butterfly valve (12), start the fan (6), the third pump body (13), start the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem and connect the second heat exchanger (16) and the first heat exchange water tank (27), do not connect the first heat exchanger (14) and the third heat exchanger (26), and the corresponding cooling water regulating four-way valve (19) is reversed; Ambient air is drawn into the energy tower by the fan (6), exchanges heat and mass with the spray liquid when passing through the filler (11), and is then discharged by the fan (6); the solution that has obtained cooling or heat is pumped into the second heat exchanger (16) by the third pump body (13) for heat exchange, and after heat exchange, it is sprayed onto the filler (11) to continue heat and mass exchange with the air; the working fluid of the combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystem obtains cooling or heat through the second heat exchanger (16); When the working medium obtains cooling capacity, the four-way valve (19) is adjusted so that the working medium flows from the first compressor (20) to the second heat exchanger (16). The third solenoid valve (21) plays a throttling expansion role and adjusts the opening according to the superheat. The fourth solenoid valve (24) and the fifth solenoid valve (25) are fully opened, and the solenoid valves of other combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystems are fully closed. The working medium is throttled and cooled through the third solenoid valve (21) and enters the first water exchange tank (27) to absorb heat from the water in the tank to produce cold water. When the working medium obtains heat, the four-way valve (19) is adjusted so that the working medium flows from the first compressor (20) to the first water exchange tank (27). The third solenoid valve (21) plays a throttling expansion role and adjusts the opening according to the superheat. The fourth solenoid valve (24) and the fifth solenoid valve (25) are fully opened, and the solenoid valves of other combined cooling and heating heat pump subsystems are fully closed. After being compressed, the working medium enters the first water exchange tank (27) and releases heat to the water in the tank to produce hot water.

7. The operating method of the multifunctional energy tower heat pump system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method includes making hot water at a higher temperature and making steam: opening the first butterfly valve (3) and the second butterfly valve (15), closing the third butterfly valve (12), starting the fan (6), the third pump body (13), starting the combined heat and cold supply heat pump subsystem and connecting the second heat exchanger (16) and the third heat exchanger (26), not connecting the first heat exchanger (14) and the first heat exchange water tank (27), starting the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem, and transferring heat to the cascade heat pump high-temperature hot water steam subsystem in the third heat exchanger (26) after the working fluid is compressed. After the working fluid in the subsystem absorbs heat, it is heated to a higher temperature by the third compressor (28) and enters the second heat exchange water tank (30) to release heat to the water in the tank to produce hot water at a higher temperature; when making steam, starting the fourth compressor (31) to extract air from the second heat exchange water tank (30), causing the water in the tank to flash out steam under negative pressure, which is compressed and heated by the fourth compressor (31) to become steam at a higher temperature.

8. The operating method of the multifunctional energy tower heat pump system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Solution concentration: close the first butterfly valve (3) and the second butterfly valve (15), open the third butterfly valve (12), start the fan (6) and the third pump (13), start the combined heat and cold pump subsystem and connect it to the first heat exchanger and only connect it to the second heat exchanger (16) or the first heat exchange water tank (27) as appropriate, start the dehumidification and drainage subsystem, start the first pump (7) and the second pump (8); the air is drawn by the fan to circulate in the energy tower and the circulating air duct, and exchanges heat and mass with the spray liquid when passing through the filler (11), and the air carries away part of the water in the sprayed solution When passing through the fifth heat exchanger (5), the air loses heat, causing the added water to condense and be discharged from the steam trap. After that, when passing through the fourth heat exchanger (4), the air obtains the total energy of the heat lost in the fifth heat exchanger (5) and the enthalpy increase of the second compressor (2). If the temperature rises to a higher temperature than before passing through the packing (11), the air gives out heat when passing through the first heat exchanger (14) and returns to the temperature before passing through the packing (11). If the temperature does not reach the temperature before passing through the packing (11), the air obtains heat when passing through the first heat exchanger (14) and rises to the temperature before passing through the packing.

9. The operating method of the multifunctional energy tower heat pump system according to claim 6, characterized in that: For the concentration of solutions of solutes with different thermosensitivity: for solutions of solutes with low thermosensitivity, heating solution evaporation is adopted, which is suitable for scenes with low ambient temperature, and the high-temperature solution exchanges heat and mass with the circulating air; for solutions with high thermosensitivity, cooling solution evaporation is adopted, which is suitable for scenes with high ambient temperature, and the low-temperature solution exchanges heat and mass with the circulating air.

10. The operating method of the multifunctional energy tower heat pump system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the process of producing high-temperature hot water and steam, the working fluid of the compressor of the high-temperature hot water steam subsystem of the cascade heat pump is water vapor.

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