Multi-frequency multi-mode metal sheet GNSS Patch antenna filled with medium by PPO material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antennas, in particular to a multi-frequency and multi-mode metal sheet GNSS Patch antenna filled with a PPO (Poly-p-phenylene Oxide) material, which comprises a plurality of layers of GNSS Patch antennas, each layer of GNSS Patch antenna comprises a PPO substrate and a metal sheet Patch antenna, each layer of the metal sheet Patch antenna is attached to each layer of the PPO substrate, the two layers of the GNSS Patch antennas are mutually attached, and each layer of the metal sheet Patch antenna is provided with an antenna feeder. Through the layered design of two layers of PPO substrates and two layers of metal sheets, the lower layer realizes a GNSS low-frequency band (such as L5 / L2) function, and the upper layer realizes a GNSS high-frequency band (such as L1) function. According to the structure, the antenna can cover a plurality of frequency bands at the same time, and the multi-mode requirement of a global navigation satellite system (GPS / GLONASS / Galileo / Beidou) is met. Simulation data show that the 3D directional diagram can realize right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) radiation waves, the low-frequency gain reaches 5.0 dBi, the high-frequency gain reaches 5.6 dBi, and the performance is obviously superior to that of the traditional similar ceramic antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of GNSS antenna technology, and in particular to a multi-frequency, multi-mode metal patch GNSS antenna filled with PPO material. Background Technology

[0002] GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antennas are used in global satellite positioning systems such as GPS / GLONASS / Galileo / Beidou, and are an important component of satellite navigation systems. Antenna types include ceramic patch antennas, quad-helix antennas, dual-polarized PCB antennas, and various linearly polarized antennas, with ceramic patch antennas being the most widely used. Based on the navigation system supported by the antenna, they can be categorized as single-frequency single-mode, single-frequency multi-mode, multi-frequency single-mode, and multi-frequency multi-mode.

[0003] Most existing GNSS multi-frequency antennas use two or more layers of ceramic antennas stacked together, with each layer resonating in a frequency band. This complex structure makes debugging difficult. To address this issue, this application proposes a multi-frequency, multi-mode metal patch GNSS antenna filled with PPO material. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this application is to provide a multi-frequency, multi-mode metal patch GNSS antenna filled with PPO material, thereby solving the technical problems in the background art.

[0005] The above-mentioned objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution: a multi-frequency multi-mode metal patch GNSS antenna filled with PPO material, comprising multiple layers of GNSS patch antennas, each layer of the GNSS patch antenna comprising a PPO substrate and a metal patch antenna, a metal patch antenna attached to each layer of the PPO substrate, two layers of GNSS patch antennas being bonded together, and an antenna feed line provided on each layer of the metal patch antenna.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, and through a layered design of two PPO substrates and two metal sheets, the lower layer realizes the GNSS low-frequency band (such as L5 / L2) function, and the upper layer realizes the high-frequency band (such as L1) function. This structure enables the antenna to cover multiple frequency bands simultaneously, meeting the multi-mode requirements of global navigation satellite systems (GPS / GLONASS / Galileo / Beidou). Simulation data shows that its 3D radiation pattern can achieve right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) radiation waves, with a low-frequency gain of 5.0 dBi and a high-frequency gain of 5.6 dBi, significantly outperforming traditional ceramic antennas of the same type. Furthermore, this application allows for the configuration of multi-layer GNSS patch antennas.

[0007] Meanwhile, traditional multi-frequency GNSS antennas often employ multi-layer ceramic stacked structures and use high-temperature or low-temperature co-firing technology, with metal conductors printed on the ceramic dielectric layer, resulting in complex structures, difficult debugging, and high costs. This technology replaces ceramic with PPO material and uses a metal sheet as the radiator, eliminating the complex processes commonly used in PPO such as injection molding, laser engraving, and electroplating, significantly reducing material costs and process complexity.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple antenna feed lines are disposed on the metal patch antenna.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution and setting multiple feed lines on the metal patch antenna (such as a four-feed design), the signal reception path can be optimized for different frequency bands (such as L1, L5, and L2). Each feed line corresponds to an independent frequency band, avoiding interference caused by signal coupling between frequency bands, thereby improving the gain and efficiency of each frequency band. The antenna in this application achieves a low-frequency gain of 5.0 dBi and a high-frequency gain of 5.6 dBi, which is directly attributed to the precise control of frequency band signals by the multi-feed design. The multi-feed design, combined with the dielectric properties of PPO material, enables the antenna to resonate over a wider frequency band, meeting the requirement for simultaneous operation of multiple GNSS frequency bands (such as L1 / L5 / L2) without the need for a complex multi-layer ceramic stacked structure.

[0010] Furthermore, each of the antenna feed lines is provided with a supporting metal assembly on its outer side, the supporting metal assembly including a metal connecting rod connected to the outer side of the antenna feed line.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, in traditional antenna design, the feed network and mechanical support structure are usually independent components that need to be designed and assembled separately. This technology, however, integrates the feed and support functions through a metal connecting rod, eliminating redundant components and making the antenna structure more compact. For example, the two-layer PPO substrate and the metal patch antenna are directly fixed by the metal connecting rod, requiring no additional support components, reducing the volume by approximately 30% (compared to traditional ceramic antennas).

[0012] Meanwhile, the integrated design reduces assembly steps (such as welding feeder wires and installing support frames), which can shorten assembly time by more than 50% in automated production, while also reducing the risk of performance fluctuations caused by component misalignment.

[0013] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects: through the layered structure of two PPO substrates and two metal sheets, the lower layer supports GNSS low-frequency bands (such as L5 / L2) and the upper layer supports high-frequency bands (such as L1), enabling simultaneous operation of multiple frequency bands, and being compatible with mainstream global navigation systems such as GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and Beidou, thus meeting the requirements of multi-mode integration.

[0014] Multi-feed design (such as four-feed point) combined with the dielectric properties of PPO material enables the antenna to resonate in a wider frequency band. It can stably cover frequency bands such as L1 / L5 / L2 without the need for a complex multi-layer ceramic stacked structure, and adapt to the frequency band expansion needs of future navigation systems.

[0015] Simulation data shows that the antenna's 3D radiation pattern can achieve right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) radiation waves, with a low-frequency gain of 5.0 dBi and a high-frequency gain of 5.6 dBi. Its performance is significantly better than that of traditional ceramic antennas, especially in complex signal environments (such as urban canyons and multipath effects) where it can maintain higher positioning accuracy.

[0016] The multi-feed design allows each feeder line to correspond to an independent frequency band, avoiding signal coupling interference between frequency bands. The gain and efficiency of each frequency band are significantly improved, ensuring signal purity when multiple frequency bands are working simultaneously.

[0017] Replacing ceramic substrates with PPO material reduces the cost of a single material by about 60% (PPO is only 1 / 3 the price of ceramics). At the same time, the laser engraving process is eliminated, and the cost of metal sheets as radiators is much lower than that of ceramic antennas, resulting in an overall material cost reduction of about 40%. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in the embodiment; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram from another perspective in the embodiment; Figure 3 This is the antenna return loss diagram during the simulation process in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is a 3D gain diagram of the antenna during the simulation process in the embodiment; Figure 5 This is a 3D gain diagram of the antenna during the simulation process in the embodiment; Figure 6 This is a gain diagram of the antenna in the Theta plane during the simulation process in the embodiment; Figure 7 This is a gain diagram of the antenna in the Theta plane during the simulation process in the embodiment.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1. GNSS Patch antenna; 10. PPO substrate; 11. Metal patch antenna; 2. Antenna feed line; 21. Metal connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Example, refer to Figures 1-7A multi-frequency, multi-mode metal patch GNSS Patch antenna filled with PPO material includes multiple layers of GNSS Patch antenna 1. Each layer of GNSS Patch antenna 1 includes a PPO substrate 10 and a metal patch antenna 11. The metal patch antenna 11 is attached to each layer of PPO substrate 10. The two layers of GNSS Patch antenna 1 are bonded together. Each layer of metal patch antenna 11 is provided with an antenna feed line 2.

[0022] Through a layered design using two PPO substrates and two metal sheets, the lower layer enables GNSS low-frequency band (e.g., L5 / L2) functionality, while the upper layer enables high-frequency band (e.g., L1) functionality. This structure allows the antenna to simultaneously cover multiple frequency bands, meeting the multi-mode requirements of global navigation satellite systems (GPS / GLONASS / Galileo / Beidou). Simulation data shows that its 3D radiation pattern can achieve right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) radiation waves, with a low-frequency gain of 5.0 dBi and a high-frequency gain of 5.6 dBi, significantly outperforming traditional ceramic antennas of the same type.

[0023] Meanwhile, traditional multi-frequency GNSS antennas often employ multi-layer ceramic stacked structures and use high-temperature or low-temperature co-firing technology, with metal conductors printed on the ceramic dielectric layer, resulting in complex structures, difficult debugging, and high costs. This technology replaces ceramic with PPO material and uses a metal sheet as the radiator. The complex processes commonly used for PPO, such as injection molding, laser engraving, and electroplating, significantly reduce material costs and process complexity.

[0024] In this embodiment, multiple antenna feed lines 2 are disposed on the metal patch antenna 11. By disposing of multiple feed lines on the metal patch antenna 11 (such as a four-feed design; of course, single-feed, dual-feed, four-feed, and eight-feed designs are also variations of this invention and are within the scope of this patent), the signal reception path can be optimized for different frequency bands (such as L1, L5, and L2). Each feed line corresponds to an independent frequency band, avoiding interference caused by signal coupling between frequency bands, thereby improving the gain and efficiency of each frequency band. The antenna in this application achieves a low-frequency gain of 5.0 dBi and a high-frequency gain of 5.6 dBi, a performance directly attributable to the precise control of frequency band signals by the multi-feed design. The multi-feed design, combined with the dielectric properties of PPO material, enables the antenna to resonate over a wider frequency band, meeting the requirement for simultaneous operation of multiple GNSS frequency bands (such as L1 / L5 / L2) without the need for a complex multi-layer ceramic stacked structure.

[0025] Each antenna feed line 2 has a supporting metal assembly on its outer side, which includes a metal connecting rod 21 connected to the outer side of the antenna feed line 2. In traditional antenna designs, the feed network and mechanical support structure are usually independent components that need to be designed and assembled separately. However, this technology integrates the feed and support functions through the metal connecting rod 21, eliminating redundant components and making the antenna structure more compact. For example, the two-layer PPO substrate 10 and the metal patch antenna 11 are directly fixed by the metal connecting rod 21 without the need for additional support components, reducing the volume by about 30% (compared to traditional ceramic antennas).

[0026] Meanwhile, the integrated design reduces assembly steps (such as welding feeder wires and installing support frames), which can shorten assembly time by more than 50% in automated production, while also reducing the risk of performance fluctuations caused by component misalignment.

[0027] Specific implementation process: This application employs a layered structure of two PPO substrates 10 and two metal sheets. The lower layer implements GNSS low-frequency band (such as L5 / L2) functionality, while the upper layer implements high-frequency band (such as L1) functionality. Combined with a multi-feed design (such as four feed points), the antenna can simultaneously cover multiple frequency bands, meeting the multi-mode requirements of GPS / GLONASS / Galileo / Beidou, etc. The 3D radiation pattern achieves right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) radiation waves, with a low-frequency gain of 5.0 dBi and a high-frequency gain of 5.6 dBi, outperforming traditional ceramic antennas. Replacing the ceramic substrate with PPO material reduces the cost of a single material by approximately 60%, and eliminating the laser engraving process lowers the overall material cost by approximately [missing information]. The yield rate is increased by 40%, and the use of SMT or reflow soldering processes simplifies production, reducing the cycle time from 2 weeks to 3 days and increasing the yield rate to over 98%. The metal connecting rod 21 integrates power supply and support functions, eliminating the need for independent power supply networks and mechanical support components, reducing the volume by about 30%, the weight by 25%, and increasing the mechanical stress resistance by 3 times. Moreover, PPO material is less sensitive to temperature and humidity than ceramics, making it more environmentally adaptable. The multi-feed design allows each feeder line to correspond to an independent frequency band, avoiding signal coupling interference and directly supporting a gain performance of 5.6dBi in the high-frequency band and 5.0dBi in the low-frequency band. At the same time, the flexible layout of the metal connecting rod 21 can adapt to single / dual / quadruple / eight-feed variant designs, providing technical reserves for product iteration.

[0028] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-frequency, multi-mode metallic GNSS patch antenna filled with PPO material, characterized in that, It includes at least two layers of GNSS Patch antennas (1), each layer of GNSS Patch antenna (1) includes a PPO substrate (10) and a metal patch antenna (11), and a metal patch antenna (11) is attached to each layer of PPO substrate (10). The GNSS Patch antennas (1) are attached to each other, and each metal patch antenna (11) is provided with an antenna feed line (2).

2. The multi-frequency, multi-mode metal patch GNSS patch antenna with PPO material as dielectric filling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The GNSS Patch antenna (1) can be configured with multiple layers, and the multiple layers of GNSS Patch antenna (1) are attached to each other.

3. The multi-frequency, multi-mode metal patch GNSS antenna with PPO material as dielectric filling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna feed line (2) is provided on the metal patch antenna (11) and has multiple feed lines (2).

4. A multi-frequency, multi-mode metal patch GNSS antenna filled with PPO material according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the antenna feed lines (2) is provided with a supporting metal assembly on its outer side.

5. A multi-frequency, multi-mode metal patch GNSS antenna filled with PPO material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The supporting metal assembly includes a metal connecting rod (21) connected to the outside of the antenna feed line (2).

Images