Prefabricated building concrete prefabricated part and grouting construction process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete prefabricated parts, in particular to an assembly type building concrete prefabricated part and a grouting construction technology. The tip section serves as an overhanging part of the building; the connecting section is arranged between the root section and the tip section and is made of a heat insulation material; the butt joint side faces of the root section and the tip section are respectively provided with a protruding strip, and the two sides of the connection section are correspondingly provided with grooves matched with the protruding strips. The joining section is made of an insulating material, physically and thoroughly blocking the direct connection of the concrete entity between the root section and the tip section, eliminating the most dominant, most efficient heat transfer channel, in which a new heat transfer path is greatly extended and complicated, despite the metal connections being retained in order to ensure structural strength, and the new heat transfer path is not substantially unobstructed. The sectional area of the connecting steel bars is far smaller than that of the whole concrete slab.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of concrete prefabricated components, and particularly to a prefabricated building concrete prefabricated component and a grouting construction process. BACKGROUND

[0002] In prefabricated buildings, the installation of prefabricated balconies, air conditioning panels and other cantilever components generally adopts a structure with a rear-mounted joint. Specifically, an integral concrete balcony panel prefabricated in a factory is connected and anchored to the building main structure (such as a shear wall or a beam) through a pre-embedded part or a protruding steel bar, and a joint is left between the outer edge of the component and the surface of the main structure. The joint is usually filled with elastic sealant. In order to cope with the deformation caused by temperature changes, a surface expansion joint notch may be pre-set on the surface of the integral balcony panel, but this is only a surface treatment and does not completely disconnect the component in structure.

[0003] However, the above existing method has a fundamental defect: it cannot solve the problem of the thermal bridge of the prefabricated component. The prefabricated balcony panel is a complete concrete entity, part of which is cantilevered outdoors, and the other part (anchoring end) necessarily extends into the indoor and is connected to the main structure. The thermal conductivity of concrete material is strong, which makes the entire balcony panel become a high-efficiency heat conduction channel, seriously weakening the integrity of the building external wall insulation system. The surface expansion joint notch or the sealant at the joint can only release part of the deformation stress or play an edge waterproof role, but it has no blocking effect on the heat conduction through the concrete entity section. The high-efficiency thermal bridge effect will cause the building energy consumption to increase significantly, and in cold seasons, it will cause condensation and mildew at the connection between the indoor wall surface and the balcony panel, seriously affecting the energy-saving performance of the building and the indoor environmental quality. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the high-efficiency thermal bridge problem of the concrete main body of the prefabricated balcony component in the prior art cannot be effectively solved, resulting in high building energy consumption and prone to condensation, mildew and other hidden dangers.

[0005] The above technical problem is solved by the following technical scheme: the present application provides a prefabricated building concrete prefabricated component, which comprises a root section for fixed connection with a building main structure, a tip section as a cantilevered part of the building, and a connecting section arranged between the root section and the tip section and made of a heat insulation material. The root section and the tip section are respectively provided with a protruding strip on the abutting side surface, and the connecting section is correspondingly provided with a groove matching the protruding strip on both sides. A plurality of through insertion holes are formed in the matching surface of the protruding strip and the groove in the vertical direction. A steel box is embedded in the connecting section, the steel box is in communication with the insertion hole, and a grouting opening is formed in the top of the steel box.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings according to the present invention: the cross-section of the connecting section and the steel box is "I" shaped, and the cross-section of the protruding strip is trapezoidal, and the cross-section of the groove is a matching trapezoidal.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings according to the present invention: a plurality of connecting steel bars are provided inside the root section and the tip section, wherein the connecting steel bars protrude from the mating side of the convex strip.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings according to the present invention: the connecting steel bars of the root section and the connecting steel bars of the tip section are staggered after being inserted into the steel box.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the precast concrete component for prefabricated building of the present invention: the insertion hole includes a first type of insertion hole for inserting connecting steel bars and a second type of insertion hole for inserting pin steel bars, wherein the first type of insertion hole is arranged horizontally; and the second type of insertion hole is arranged vertically.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings described in this invention: the same second type of insertion hole is divided into a first hole, a second hole, a third hole, and a fourth hole from top to bottom in the steel box.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings according to the present invention: the depth of the second type of insertion hole is greater than the length of the pin reinforcement, so that after the pin reinforcement is inserted, the first hole in the second type of insertion hole forms an overflow space above the pin reinforcement.

[0012] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: This invention also proposes a grouting construction process for precast concrete components of assembled buildings, including the aforementioned precast concrete components of assembled buildings, and including the following steps: S1: Factory pre-assembly, insert the protrusion of the tip section into the groove on one side of the connecting section, align the insertion hole on the protrusion with the insertion hole on the groove, insert the pin steel bar to complete the mechanical locking of the tip section and the connecting section, forming a pre-assembled component; S2: On-site assembly: hoist the pre-assembled components to the site, align the groove on the other side of the connecting section with the protrusion of the pre-embedded root section and insert it, and similarly insert the pin steel bar to complete the mechanical locking of the root section and the connecting section. S3: Grouting and curing. Grout is injected into the steel box through the grouting port until the grout fills the steel box and all the gaps between the insertion holes and the reinforcing bars, and overflows from the preset overflow holes. The overflow holes are sealed in sequence, and the grout solidifies to form an integral structure.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the prefabricated building concrete component grouting construction process, in steps S1 and S2, when the convex strip is inserted, the connecting steel bars on the convex strip are first inserted into the corresponding insertion holes in the grooves, playing a guiding and preliminary positioning role.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the prefabricated building concrete component grouting construction process, in step S3, the overflow hole is the first hole of the second type of insertion hole, and the grout is overflowed from each first hole in turn, and the worker immediately plugs it up until the last first hole overflows the grout and is plugged up, indicating that the grouting is complete.

[0015] The prefabricated building concrete component grouting construction process has the following beneficial effects: first, the efficient heat bridge problem of the prefabricated cantilever component is fundamentally solved, and excellent building energy-saving effect is achieved. The connecting section is made of thermal insulation material, which completely physically blocks the direct connection between the root section and the tip section of the concrete entity, and eliminates the most important and most efficient heat transfer channel. Although the metal connecting piece (steel bar, steel box) is reserved to ensure the structural strength, the new heat transfer path (concrete tip section → connecting steel bar → grout → steel box → grout → connecting steel bar → concrete root section) is greatly lengthened and complicated. In this path, the cross-sectional area of the connecting steel bar is much smaller than that of the whole concrete slab, and the heat flow is limited; at the same time, the thermal conductivity of the cement-based grout is low, which further increases the thermal resistance, which is equivalent to transforming an efficient "solid concrete heat bridge" into a high-resistance, "thin and winding" heat transfer path, thereby significantly reducing the overall heat transfer coefficient, effectively avoiding the condensation and mildew of the interior wall, and meeting the strict building energy-saving specification requirements.

[0016] Second, the structural safety and integrity are highly unified. The design restores the structural strength under the premise of ensuring thermal insulation through the progressive scheme of "structural disconnection" and "functional reconnection". Specifically, the built-in "I" shaped steel box and the grouting system form the key support: after the grout solidifies, the root section and the tip section connecting steel bars distributed in the steel box cavity are consolidated into a whole, forming a rigid node with a clear force transmission path, and the load is reliably transmitted through the path of "tip section connecting steel bar → grout body → root section connecting steel bar". At the same time, the "I" shaped cross section provides a multi-dimensional space for the grout, ensuring high density, and the trapezoidal cross section of the convex strip and the groove provides good shear resistance.

[0017] Third, the convenience, detectability and quality reliability of construction are improved. The effect benefits from the combination of the modular three-section design and mechanical insertion and grouting solidification. First, the rapid alignment and temporary stabilization of the component are realized through two types of insertion holes (the horizontally oriented first type of insertion hole is used for guiding and main force transmission, and the vertically oriented second type of insertion hole is used for quick mechanical locking of the pin steel bar), which simplifies the installation process. Second, the unique overflow hole design (the "first hole" formed by the upper part of the second type of insertion hole with a depth greater than the pin steel bar) provides a visual detection means for the grouting process: the grout is sequentially overflowed from each first hole as a clear signal of the completion of grouting, which ensures that the steel box and all gaps are filled densely, greatly improves the reliability and controllability of construction quality, and avoids the quality risks of concealed engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to make the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the drawings of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present application, but not limit the present application. Among them: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the prefabricated component of the present fabricated building concrete; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the side view structure of the prefabricated component of the present fabricated building concrete; Figure 3 It is Figure 2 A-A cross-sectional structure schematic diagram; Figure 4 It is Figure 3 B-B cross-sectional structure schematic diagram.

[0019] In the drawings: 1, root section; 2, tip section; 3, connection section; 4, convex strip; 5, recess; 6, insertion hole; 61, first type of insertion hole; 62, second type of insertion hole; 621, first hole; 622, second hole; 623, third hole; 624, fourth hole; 7, steel box; 8, grouting port; 9, connecting steel bar; 10, pin steel bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and drawings.

[0021] The terminology used in this invention is that which is currently widely used in the art in consideration of the function of the invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent of those skilled in the art, precedent, or new technology in the art. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, the terms used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on their meanings and the overall description of the invention.

[0022] Reference Figures 1-4 This embodiment provides a precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings, including a root section 1 for fixed connection with the main building structure; a tip section 2 as the cantilevered part of the building; and a connecting section 3, which is located between the root section 1 and the tip section 2 and is made of heat-insulating material. The root section 1 and the tip section 2 are respectively provided with protruding strips 4 on their mating sides, and the connecting section 3 is provided with corresponding grooves 5 on both sides that match the protruding strips 4. Multiple rows of through-holes 6 are opened vertically on the mating surfaces of the protruding strips 4 and the grooves 5. A steel box 7 is embedded inside the connecting section 3, the steel box 7 is connected to the through-holes 6, and a grouting port 8 is opened on the top of the steel box 7.

[0023] This precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings is particularly suitable for cantilevered components such as precast balconies and air conditioning panels that need to protrude from the main building structure. The key to this precast component is that it effectively blocks the heat transfer path while ensuring a reliable mechanical connection between the precast component and the main structure through a "thermal bridge" structure, thereby solving the thermal bridging problem that exists in traditional precast components.

[0024] This precast component mainly consists of three parts: root section 1, tip section 2, and connecting section 3. Root section 1 is a precast concrete component, pre-embedded with reinforcing bars or embedded parts for connection to the main building structure (such as shear walls or beams) during factory prefabrication. Its function is to serve as the load-bearing foundation of the entire cantilever component, ultimately transferring the load to the main structure. A protruding strip 4 is provided on the side of root section 1 facing connecting section 3. Tip section 2 is also a precast concrete component, forming the cantilevered part of the building, such as the floor of a balcony. A corresponding protruding strip 4 is also provided on the side facing connecting section 3. Connecting section 3 is made of thermal insulation material, such as high-strength engineering plastics, fiber-reinforced composite materials, or foamed cement, which have low thermal conductivity. The vertical cross-section of connecting section 3 is preferably I-shaped to balance structural rigidity, lightweight design, and ease of insertion and locking.

[0025] On both sides of the web of the connecting section 3, grooves 5 matching the shape of the protrusions 4 are provided. The mating surfaces of the protrusions 4 and the grooves 5 preferably have a trapezoidal cross-section to facilitate guidance during insertion and provide good shear resistance. To achieve a reliable connection between the three sections, multiple rows of through insertion holes 6 of the first type 61 are provided on the mating surfaces of the protrusions 4 and the grooves 5 in the vertical direction (i.e., perpendicular to the cantilever direction). To further enhance the overall structural integrity, a steel box 7 is embedded in the internal cavity of the "I"-shaped connecting section 3. The steel box 7 is preferably also "I"-shaped to maximize its contact area with the grouting material. Crucially, all the insertion holes 6 penetrate the wall thickness of the connecting section 3 and are connected to the internal cavity of the steel box 7. One or more grouting ports 8 are provided on the top of the steel box 7.

[0026] In this implementation plan, the thermal insulation material used in the connecting section 3 must simultaneously meet the requirements of structural load-bearing capacity and efficient thermal insulation. Its key performance parameters are as follows: Compressive strength: not less than 40 MPa, to ensure it can withstand the load transmitted by the balcony cantilever structure without damage. Thermal conductivity: not higher than 0.5 W / (m·K), to effectively block thermal bridges and meet building energy-saving design standards. Flexural strength and modulus of elasticity: matching the mechanical properties of the grout after solidification, ensuring that the load can be effectively transferred between the root section 1 and the tip section 2 through the connecting section 3. Specific material example: A preferred embodiment is the use of fiber-reinforced cementitious composite material (FRC). For example, polypropylene fibers or PVA fibers can be incorporated, which not only significantly improves the material's toughness and crack resistance, but also allows its thermal conductivity to be stably maintained in the lower range of 0.3-0.5 W / (m·K), and its compressive strength to be formulated to over 50 MPa, perfectly meeting the above performance requirements. Another implementation method is to use high-strength engineering plastics (such as reinforced nylon PA66 or polyether ether ketone PEEK) for injection molding. These materials have extremely high strength-to-weight ratio and extremely low thermal conductivity (typically 0.2-0.3 W / (m·K)), and can meet stiffness requirements through structural design (such as I-shaped cross-sections).

[0027] The installation and connection of this prefabricated component follows the principles of modularization and assembly. Its core lies in achieving rapid assembly and structural integration of the three-section component through a combination of mechanical interlocking and internal grouting curing. Firstly, the tip section 2 and the connecting section 3 are mechanically locked together using the interlocking of protrusions 4 and grooves 5, forming a pre-assembled component. Then, on-site, this component is connected and locked to the pre-embedded root section 1 in the same manner, completing the assembly of the entire component. Finally, grout is injected into the steel box 7 inside the connecting section 3, filling all connection gaps. After solidification, all connecting reinforcing bars 9 are fixed together to form a reliable rigid node. This process ensures that the load can be effectively transferred from the tip section 2 to the root section 1, while the connecting section 3, made of thermal insulation material, completely blocks the heat conduction path between concrete components, thus perfectly solving the thermal bridging problem while ensuring structural safety.

[0028] By using the connecting section 3 made of thermal insulation material, the direct contact between the root section 1 and the tip section 2 concrete is fundamentally blocked, eliminating the most important heat transfer channel. Although the steel bars and steel box 7 necessary for structural connection will still conduct heat, the new heat transfer path (concrete tip section 2 → connecting steel bar 9 → grout → steel box 7 → grout → connecting steel bar 9 → concrete root section 1) is greatly extended and complicated. In this path, the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting steel bar 9 is much smaller than that of the overall concrete slab, resulting in limited heat flow. At the same time, the low thermal conductivity of the cement-based grout further increases the thermal resistance. This is equivalent to transforming a highly efficient "solid concrete thermal bridge" into a high-resistance, "thin and tortuous" heat transfer path, thereby significantly reducing the overall heat transfer coefficient. This can effectively solve the problems of condensation and mold on interior walls and meet the requirements of building energy conservation standards.

[0029] Firstly, by using the connecting segment 3 made of thermal insulation material, the concrete solid connection between the root segment 1 and the tip segment 2 is physically and completely severed, fundamentally solving the thermal bridging problem. Building upon this, to compensate for the strength reduction caused by the structural break, an internal steel box 7 and a grouting connection method are introduced. The aim is to reconstruct a high-strength rigid connection node within the connecting segment 3 under the premise of "breakage," and to solidify the reinforcing bars on both sides into a whole through grouting and curing. This ensures excellent thermal insulation performance while restoring and guaranteeing the structural integrity and load-bearing capacity.

[0030] Both the connecting section 3 and the steel box 7 have an "I" shaped cross section, and the protruding strip 4 has a trapezoidal cross section, while the groove 5 has a matching trapezoidal cross section. The insertion hole 6 includes a first type of insertion hole 61 for inserting the connecting steel bar 9 and a second type of insertion hole 62 for inserting the pin steel bar 10, wherein the first type of insertion hole 61 is horizontally arranged; and the second type of insertion hole 62 is vertically arranged.

[0031] It should be noted that the cross-section of the connecting section 3 and the steel box 7 embedded inside it is preferably set as "I" shape. This design has multiple advantages: First, the "I" shaped cross-section can save materials and reduce the weight of components while ensuring the vertical bending stiffness of the structure. Second, this shape provides a multi-dimensional three-dimensional flow space and optimized venting path for the grout. This shape ensures that the grout can fully and evenly wrap all the connecting steel bars 9 to form a high-density grout body. At the same time, the "I" shaped structure significantly increases the contact and interlocking area between the grout body and the steel box 7 and the inner wall of the connecting section 3 through the cooperation of its web and flange. Thus, after curing, it forms an integral rigid node with excellent mechanical properties and a clear force transmission path, which greatly improves the reliability and integrity of the connection node. Finally, the horizontal notches on both sides of the "I" shape make it easy to directly insert the protrusions 4 during assembly without the need for other complicated locking actions, making assembly simple, direct, convenient and quick.

[0032] Furthermore, the vertical cross-section of the protrusion 4 is trapezoidal, and the vertical cross-section of the groove 5 is a matching trapezoidal. This trapezoidal mating surface can play a good guiding role during the insertion process, making the connection smoother and more accurate.

[0033] Regarding the further arrangement of the insertion holes 6, there are two types: a first type of insertion hole 61 and a second type of insertion hole 62. The first type of insertion hole 61 is horizontally arranged (i.e., along the cantilever direction of the component), and its main function is to allow the insertion of connecting steel bars 9. These steel bars serve as guides and preliminary positioning in the initial stage of insertion, and become the main force transmission components after grouting and curing. The second type of insertion hole 62 is vertically arranged (i.e., perpendicular to the cantilever direction of the component). It is used to insert the pin steel bars 10 after the protrusion 4 and the groove 5 are in place. The pin steel bars 10 are used to achieve rapid mechanical locking, forming a stable temporary structure before grouting, ensuring the safety and convenience of the construction process. These two types of insertion holes 6 are spatially staggered and functionally complementary, together forming an efficient and reliable connection in both the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0034] Both the root section 1 and the tip section 2 are equipped with several connecting steel bars 9, which protrude from the mating side of the convex strip 4. The connecting steel bars 9 of the root section 1 and the connecting steel bars 9 of the tip section 2 are staggered after being inserted into the steel box 7.

[0035] It should be noted that, in the concrete inside the root section 1 and the tip section 2, a plurality of connecting steel bars 9 are embedded, one end of which is anchored in the component, and the other end is pre-stretched and fixed to the abutting side of the respective protrusions 4, protruding from the surface of the protrusions 4 before the components are abutted. When the root section 1 and the tip section 2 are respectively abutted with the connecting section 3, the respective protruding connecting steel bars 9 of the two will be inserted into and extended to the steel box 7 cavity inside the connecting section 3. The connecting steel bars 9 of the root section 1 and the tip section 2 can be pre-set to different arrangement rules, for example, the steel bar arrangement interval of the root section 1 is 150mm, and the steel bar arrangement interval of the tip section 2 is 140mm, to realize staggered arrangement.

[0036] The connecting steel bars 9 extending from the root section 1 and the connecting steel bars 9 extending from the tip section 2 are staggered in the steel box 7 cavity, and this staggered arrangement primarily ensures that the steel bars on both sides do not interfere with each other in space, and can be smoothly installed in place. More importantly, in the subsequent grouting process, the staggered arrangement is firmly connected together by the solid grout when the grout solidifies, thereby forming an efficient and reliable indirect force transmission path, which stably transmits the load from the tip section 2 to the root section 1, and finally ensures the structural integrity and mechanical properties of the entire node.

[0037] The same second type of jack 62 is sequentially divided into a first hole 621, a second hole 622, a third hole 623 and a fourth hole 624 from top to bottom in the steel box 7. The depth of the second type of jack 62 is greater than the length of the plug-in steel bar 10, so that after the plug-in steel bar 10 is inserted, the first hole 621 in the second type of jack 62 forms overflow grout above the plug-in steel bar 10.

[0038] It should be noted that the steel box 7 in the shape of a capital letter I includes a middle longitudinal chamber and upper and lower transverse chambers, and the same second type of jack 62 is perpendicular to the upper and lower transverse chambers, so that two openings are formed in the upper transverse chamber, which are the first hole 621 and the second hole 622, and two openings are formed in the lower transverse chamber, which are the third hole 623 and the fourth hole 624. When the plug-in steel bar 10 is inserted into the second type of jack 62, it penetrates and blocks the fourth hole 624, the third hole 623 and the second hole 622, and only the first hole 621 is exposed because of insufficient length, so that the first hole 621 serves as an overflow grout and exhaust passage for subsequent grouting. After that, the construction personnel can directly observe the overflow of the grout and immediately plug the hole with a special plug. This design not only ensures that the grout can completely fill all gaps and exhaust air, thereby ensuring the compactness and integrity of the connection, but also provides a clear and reliable visual judgment basis for construction quality inspection. At the same time, such a setting can block the upper end of the plug-in steel bar 10 with grout, avoiding the removal of the plug-in steel bar 10 affecting the stability and firmness of the entire splicing.

[0039] Further, the plug steel 10 can be provided in a conical shape with one end having a larger diameter than the other end, and the first hole 621, the second hole 622, the third hole 623 and the fourth hole 624 gradually decrease in diameter, so that when the plug steel 10 is inserted into the second type of insertion hole 62, the plug steel 10 is automatically inserted and locked into the second hole 622, the third hole 623 and the fourth hole 624.

[0040] Referring to Figures 1-4 A prefabricated building concrete prefabricated component grouting construction process, comprising a prefabricated building concrete prefabricated component, and comprising the following steps: S1: factory pre-assembly, inserting the convex strip 4 of the tip section 2 into the groove 5 on one side of the connecting section 3, aligning the insertion hole 6 on the convex strip 4 with the insertion hole 6 on the groove 5, inserting the plug steel 10 to complete the mechanical locking of the tip section 2 and the connecting section 3, and forming a pre-assembly assembly; S2: on-site assembly, hoisting the pre-assembly assembly to the site, aligning and inserting the groove 5 on the other side of the connecting section 3 with the convex strip 4 of the pre-buried root section 1, and inserting the plug steel 10 to complete the mechanical locking of the root section 1 and the connecting section 3; S3: grouting and curing, injecting grouting material into the steel box 7 through the grouting port 8 until the grouting material fills the steel box 7 and all the gaps between the insertion holes 6 and the steel bars, and overflows from the pre-set overflow hole, and then sequentially plugging the overflow hole, and forming an integral structure after the grouting material solidifies.

[0041] In steps S1 and S2, when the convex strip 4 is inserted, the connecting steel 9 on the convex strip 4 is first inserted into the corresponding insertion hole 6 on the groove 5, serving as a guide and initial positioning. In step S3, the overflow hole is the first hole 621 of the second type of insertion hole 62, and the grouting material overflows from each first hole 621 in turn, and the worker immediately plugs it with a plug until the last first hole 621 overflows the grouting material and is plugged, indicating that the grouting is complete.

[0042] It should be noted that in the grouting and curing step, the high-strength non-shrinkage grouting material used has a 28-day compressive strength of not less than 60 MPa and an initial flow value of greater than 300 mm, to ensure that it can fully fill all the small gaps. The grouting process is carried out using a special grouting pump, and the grouting pressure is controlled within the range of 0.3 MPa to 0.6 MPa. If the pressure is too low, it cannot guarantee the filling density of the gap at the far end of the steel box 7; if the pressure is too high, it may exceed the bearing capacity of the connecting section 3 made of thermal insulation material, causing deformation or damage. By controlling the pressure within this optimized range, both the grouting density and the safety of the component can be ensured. The plugging operation of the overflow hole needs to be carried out after the grouting material continuously and stably overflows from the hole, to ensure that all the air below the hole has been completely discharged. After all the overflow holes are plugged, the pressure needs to be maintained for a few moments before stopping grouting.

[0043] Reference Figures 1-4 The specific assembly grouting construction process of this application is as follows: The assembly and grouting construction process of the precast concrete components (precast balconies) of this building mainly includes three stages: factory pre-assembly, on-site final assembly and grouting curing.

[0044] Phase 1: Factory pre-assembly (connection of tip section 2 and connecting section 3).

[0045] The protrusion 4 of the tip section 2 is aligned with the groove 5 on one side of the connecting section 3 and inserted. Several connecting steel bars 9 pre-fixed on the protrusion 4 serve as guide rods. During the insertion process, the protrusion 4 is first inserted into the corresponding first type of insertion hole 61 in the groove 5 to achieve initial positioning and guidance. The insertion continues until the protrusion 4 is fully embedded in the groove 5. At this time, the second type of insertion hole 62 on the protrusion 4 and the second type of insertion hole 62 on the groove 5 on the same side of the connecting section 3 are automatically and precisely aligned. Then, the pin steel bars 10 are inserted one by one into the aligned second type of insertion hole 62 to complete the mechanical locking of the tip section 2 and the connecting section 3, forming a pre-assembled component of "tip section 2-connecting section 3", which can be transported to the construction site.

[0046] Phase 2: On-site assembly (connecting with the pre-embedded root section 1).

[0047] The pre-assembled components are hoisted to the site, aligning the groove 5 on the other side of the connecting section 3 with the protrusion 4 of the root section 1, which is already embedded in the main structure of the building. The above-mentioned insertion process of the tip section 2 and the connecting section 3 is repeated: the "tip section 2-connecting section 3" component is pushed forward, so that the connecting steel bar 9 on the protrusion 4 of the root section 1 is first inserted into the first type of insertion hole 61 on the corresponding side of the connecting section 3 for guidance and positioning. After it is fully in place, the pin steel bar 10 is inserted into the aligned second type of insertion hole 62 to complete the mechanical locking of the root section 1 and the connecting section 3. At this point, the three-section components form a complete temporary stable structure.

[0048] The third stage: Grouting and structural integration.

[0049] High-strength, non-shrink grout is injected into the steel box 7, which has an "I"-shaped internal cross-section, through the grouting port 8 at the top of the connecting section 3. The steel box 7 contains a central longitudinal chamber and two upper and lower transverse chambers. Each second type of insertion hole 62 vertically penetrates the upper and lower transverse chambers, thus forming a first hole 621, a second hole 622, a third hole 623, and a fourth hole 624 from top to bottom inside the steel box 7. After the insertion of the pin steel bar 10, its length is sufficient to block the lower fourth hole 624, the third hole 623, and the second hole 622. However, since the total depth of the second type of insertion hole 62 is greater than the length of the pin steel bar 10, the uppermost first hole 621 remains unobstructed, forming a natural overflow and venting channel.

[0050] When grouting, the grout fills the cavity of the steel box 7 under pressure and flows into the gaps between all the spliced holes 6 and the steel bars. As the grout level rises, it overflows from the first holes 621 of each second type of spliced hole 62 in turn, and the construction personnel immediately plug each overflow hole with a special plug, until the last first hole 621 overflows grout and is plugged, indicating that the steel box 7 and all the connecting gaps have been completely and densely filled. After the grout solidifies, all the connecting steel bars 9 in the steel box 7 (the connecting steel bars 9 of the root section 1 and the tip section 2 are distributed in a staggered manner) are solidified into a unified force-bearing whole through the solidified grout body.

[0051] Finally, the load transfer path is: the load of the tip section 2 is transferred to the grout body in the steel box 7 through the connecting steel bars 9 thereof, and then transferred to the connecting steel bars 9 of the root section 1 through the grout body, and finally transferred to the building main body, thereby forming a prefabricated balcony system that is structurally complete, rigidly connected, and effectively blocks the heat bridge through the heat insulation and connection section 3.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are only embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways without departing from the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A precast concrete component for assembled buildings, characterized in that: include: The root section (1) is used for fixed connection with the main building structure; The tip section (2) serves as the cantilevered portion of the building; The connecting section (3) is disposed between the root section (1) and the tip section (2) and is made of heat-insulating material; The root section (1) and the tip section (2) are respectively provided with protrusions (4), and the two sides of the connecting section (3) are respectively provided with grooves (5) that match the protrusions (4). On the mating surfaces of the protrusion (4) and the groove (5), multiple rows of through insertion holes (6) are opened in the vertical direction. The connecting section (3) is fitted with a steel box (7), which is connected to the insertion hole (6), and the top of the steel box (7) is provided with a grouting port (8).

2. The precast concrete component for assembled buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the connecting section (3) and the steel box (7) are both "I" shaped, and the cross-section of the protrusion (4) is trapezoidal, and the cross-section of the groove (5) is a matching trapezoidal.

3. The precast concrete component for prefabricated buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the root section (1) and the tip section (2) are provided with several connecting steel bars (9), wherein the connecting steel bars (9) protrude from the mating side of the convex strip (4).

4. The precast concrete component for assembled buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting steel bars (9) of the root section (1) and the connecting steel bars (9) of the tip section (2) are staggered after being inserted into the steel box (7).

5. The precast concrete component for assembled buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insertion hole (6) includes a first type of insertion hole (61) for inserting a connecting steel bar (9) and a second type of insertion hole (62) for inserting a pin steel bar (10), wherein the first type of insertion hole (61) is arranged horizontally and the second type of insertion hole (62) is arranged vertically.

6. The precast concrete component for assembled buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The same second type of socket (62) is divided into a first hole (621), a second hole (622), a third hole (623) and a fourth hole (624) from top to bottom in the steel box (7).

7. The precast concrete component for assembled buildings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The depth of the second type of insertion hole (62) is greater than the length of the pin reinforcing bar (10), so that after the pin reinforcing bar (10) is inserted, the first hole (621) in the second type of insertion hole (62) forms an overflow space above the pin reinforcing bar (10).

8. A grouting construction process for precast concrete components in assembled buildings, characterized in that: Including the precast concrete components for assembled buildings as described in any one of claims 5-7, and including the following steps: S1: Factory pre-assembly, insert the protrusion (4) of the tip section (2) into the groove (5) on one side of the connecting section (3), and align the insertion hole (6) on the protrusion (4) with the insertion hole (6) on the groove (5), insert the pin steel bar (10) to complete the mechanical locking of the tip section (2) and the connecting section (3) to form a pre-assembled component; S2: On-site assembly, hoist the pre-assembled components to the site, align the groove (5) on the other side of the connecting section (3) with the protrusion (4) of the pre-embedded root section (1) and insert it, and similarly insert the pin steel bar (10) to complete the mechanical locking of the root section (1) and the connecting section (3). S3: Grouting and curing: Grouting material is injected into the steel box (7) through the grouting port (8) until the grout fills the gap between the steel box (7) and all the insertion holes (6) and the reinforcing bars, and overflows from the preset overflow hole. The overflow hole is sealed in sequence, and the grout solidifies to form an integral structure.

9. The grouting construction process for precast concrete components of assembled buildings according to claim 8, characterized in that: In steps S1 and S2, when inserting the protruding strip (4), the connecting steel bar (9) on the protruding strip (4) is inserted first into the corresponding insertion hole (6) on the groove (5), which plays a guiding and preliminary positioning role.

10. The grouting construction process for precast concrete components of assembled buildings according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the overflow hole is the first hole (621) of the second type of insertion hole (62). During grouting, the grout overflows from each first hole (621) in sequence, and the worker immediately seals it with a plug until the last first hole (621) overflows with grout and is sealed, indicating that the grouting is completed.

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