Halbach array coil structure unit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic coils, in particular to a Halbach array planar coil structure unit. The Halbach array planar coil structure unit is composed of a first substructure, a second substructure and a third substructure. According to the invention, a planar electromagnetic coil is adopted to form a Halbach array permanent magnetic field effect; the invention discloses a Halbach array permanent magnet structure, and aims to solve the problems that the existing Halbach array permanent magnet structure is difficult to miniaturize and rigid, cannot get rid of the limitation of permanent magnet materials, is difficult to realize a sine distribution magnetic field in a real sense and is low in electromagnetic utilization rate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic coil, in particular to a Halbach array coil structure unit. BACKGROUND

[0002] Halbach permanent magnet array structure can form single strong magnetic surface, uniform magnetic field, inner surface magnetic field, outer surface magnetic field and other characteristic magnetic fields, and has been widely used in modern science and technology. However, there are still factors restricting its application, such as rigid structure factor, fixed structure requirement, overall structure factor, difficulty in realizing sinusoidal magnetic field due to magnetization technology, and inability to get rid of permanent magnet material restrictions. According to the proportional relationship between magnetic field strength and excitation current, electromagnetic coil is an effective means to generate magnetic field and get rid of the restriction of permanent magnet material. There are researches on Halbach permanent magnet array structure formed by using concentrated winding type electromagnetic coil at home and abroad, but there are still rigid structure factor, structure factor, and difficulty in realizing sinusoidal magnetic field due to leakage magnetic factor. On the other hand, the magnetic field generated by the commonly used concentrated winding type electromagnetic coil is consistent with the permanent magnet, which is a double-sided magnetic field. In practical application, the other side magnetic field is usually utilized by using magnetic material to improve electromagnetic utilization, but this increases the iron loss. Therefore, the technical development of Halbach permanent magnet array magnetic field effect realized by using planar coil structure has competitive significance for modern science and technology. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a Halbach array coil structure unit, which aims to solve the problems of difficulty in miniaturization, rigid structure, inability to get rid of the restriction of permanent magnet material, difficulty in realizing truly sinusoidal distribution magnetic field and low electromagnetic utilization rate of the existing Halbach array permanent magnet structure.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following scheme: the present application discloses a Halbach array planar coil structure unit, which comprises

[0005] The three types of substructures are substructure one, substructure two and substructure three.

[0006] Among them, the substructure one and the substructure three are concentric planar spiral coils with opposite vertical direction magnetic circuits after being powered on, and the substructure two is a planar spiral coil with horizontal component of magnetic direction after being powered on, and the spiral centers of the substructure two are linearly arranged; the linear arrangement of the spiral centers of the substructure two includes spiral center connecting line, or straight line shape, arc arrangement of spiral center connecting line fitting line; the outer diameters of all the spirals of the substructure two are the same or different; the coil layering of the substructure one, the substructure two and the substructure three includes single layer planar spiral structure, double layer planar spiral structure and multi layer planar spiral structure.

[0007] The coil position arrangement mode of the substructure one, the substructure two and the substructure three is as follows:

[0008] The spiral centers of the substructure one and the substructure three are located at the two ends of the connecting line of the spiral centers of the substructure two, and two or more substructure twos are arranged in a magnetic end symmetry or a central symmetry with the spiral centers of the substructure one or the substructure three as the center; or the spiral centers of the substructure one and the substructure three are respectively located at the two ends of the horizontal magnetic circuit formed by one or more substructure twos, and two or more substructure twos are arranged in a magnetic end symmetry between the two ends of the horizontal magnetic circuit formed by the plurality of substructure twos;

[0009] The coil arrangement or stacking into a plane includes:

[0010] 1) The single-layer plane spiral structure or the double-layer plane spiral structure of the substructure one, the substructure two and the substructure three is arranged into a plane;

[0011] 2) The spiral centers of the substructure one or the substructure three of the double-layer plane spiral structure or the multi-layer plane spiral structure and the spiral centers of the substructure two are stacked into a plane at different projection points of the end points of the connecting line or the fitting line;

[0012] 3) The spiral centers of the substructure one or the substructure three of the single-layer plane spiral structure and the double-layer plane spiral structure or the multi-layer plane spiral structure and the spiral centers of the substructure two are stacked into a plane at different projection points of the end points of the connecting line or the fitting line;

[0013] 4) The spiral centers of the substructure one or the substructure three of the single-layer plane spiral structure and the double-layer plane spiral structure or the multi-layer plane spiral structure and the spiral centers of the substructure two are stacked into a plane at the same projection point of the end points of the connecting line or the fitting line;

[0014] 5) The spiral centers of the substructure one or the substructure three of the single-layer plane spiral structure and the double-layer plane spiral structure or the multi-layer plane spiral structure and the spiral centers of the substructure two are stacked into a plane at the same projection point of the end points of the connecting line or the fitting line, and a filling layer is formed by a combination material;

[0015] The coil structure unit and its magnetic field characteristics:

[0016] One or more substructure ones, substructure twos and substructure threes are arranged according to the coil position arrangement mode, and are stacked into a plane or two or more thin layer structures according to the coil arrangement or stacking into a plane mode. All the substructures are connected in series, in parallel or in series-parallel to form a Halbach array coil structure unit, which forms a Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field after being electrified. The spiral centers of the substructure one and the substructure three are respectively the north and south poles of the coil structure unit, the two ends of the substructure two are connected with the substructure one and the substructure three to form a magnetic circuit, and the magnetic polarity of the unconnected end of the substructure two is opposite to that of the connected end. The connecting line shape of the spiral centers of the plane coil structure unit includes a straight line, an arc and a network;

[0017] The coil structure unit connection expansion mode includes:

[0018] According to the coil position arrangement mode, coil arrangement or planar stacking mode, through self-structure connection expansion or coil expansion structure connection expansion;

[0019] The coil structure unit combination includes linear, mesh planar coil structure unit combinations formed by self-structure connection expansion or coil expansion structure connection expansion, planar coil structure unit combinations formed by coil structure unit arrays or nesting, three-dimensional coil structure unit combinations formed by bending or folding or winding or nesting or stacking of coil structure units;

[0020] The magnetic field characteristics of the coil structure unit combination include:

[0021] a) In-plane line, surface feature magnetic field: the magnetic surface is located on the upper surface or lower surface of the coil, and the characteristic magnetic field of the Halbach permanent magnet array is linear, polygonal, mesh planar, circular, circular ring, circular arc, elliptical, polygonal, mesh planar;

[0022] b) Three-dimensional structure feature magnetic field: the magnetic surface is located on the inner surface or outer surface or inside or outside of the coil, and the characteristic magnetic field of the Halbach permanent magnet array is located on the upper surface or lower surface of the coil stacking surface; the characteristic magnetic field of the Halbach permanent magnet array whose magnetic surface is located inside the coil includes a uniform magnetic field;

[0023] The coil structure unit and its combination are stacked or filled with insulating materials, or heat dissipation materials, or heat dissipation pipelines, or magnetic conductive materials above or below or between layers, to improve the corresponding insulation performance, heat dissipation performance, magnetic conductive performance and coil structure regularity of the coil structure unit;

[0024] The coil structure unit and its combination are made by printed circuit board method or planar coil splicing method.

[0025] Preferably, in the coil position arrangement mode, the spiral center position of the substructure one or the substructure three includes the end point of the spiral center connecting line or the fitting line of the spiral center connecting line of the substructure two connected to one or more diamagnetic ends, or the center surrounded by two or more than two paramagnetic ends arranged symmetrically or centrally.

[0026] Preferably, according to the coil position arrangement mode, coil arrangement or planar stacking mode, through self-structure connection expansion or coil expansion structure connection expansion, including expansion of the substructure one or the substructure three as the expansion point, expansion of the substructure two unconnected end as the expansion point, insertion expansion of the substructure two in the same horizontal magnetic circuit, the insertion expansion of the substructure two in the same horizontal magnetic circuit, the substructure two is inserted and expanded in the diamagnetic end arrangement mode; the coil expansion structure includes the substructure one, the substructure two, the substructure three, the combination of the substructure one or the substructure three and one or more substructure two, the combination of the substructure one and the substructure three and zero to more substructure two.

[0027] Wherein, the planar coil structure unit circumscribes zero substructure two, two or more planar coil structure units are connected to the same magnetic end to form a linear or linear closed loop or mesh coil structure combination, and form a characteristic magnetic field of a Halbach permanent magnet array after energization. The linear or cylindrical or mesh coil structure combination formed can be removed according to actual needs, and the unnecessary repeated coils at the magnetic pole position are removed to reduce the coil layer thickness at the magnetic pole position and improve the uniformity of the overall coil structure.

[0028] The substructure two is connected to the same magnetic end as the substructure two of the Halbach array planar coil structure unit without circumscribing the substructure two, the number of magnetic poles of the coil structure unit is increased, and the linear closed loop or mesh closed loop connection or chain or mesh expansion of the two or more Halbach array planar coil structure units without circumscribing the substructure two is realized through the expansion connection of the substructure two. The characteristic magnetic field of the Halbach permanent magnet array formed by connecting the two or more planar coil structure units circumscribing the substructure two to the same magnetic end has the characteristics of thin coil layer thickness at the magnetic pole position, longer overall magnetic circuit, and more magnetic poles in the same plane compared with the Halbach permanent magnet array magnetic field formed by connecting the planar coil structure units without circumscribing the substructure two to the same magnetic end. In actual application, unnecessary repeated coils at the magnetic pole position can be removed to improve the uniformity of the overall coil structure.

[0029] Preferably, the substructure two has a magnetic circuit transmission function, the magnetic circuit transmission includes equal magnetic flux density transmission and magnetic flux density convergence / divergence transmission, all the spiral outer diameters of the substructure two are different, including spiral outer diameters that first increase and then decrease, gradient increase or decrease. For the coil planar structure unit with all spiral outer diameters of the substructure two decreasing in gradient, the spiral outer diameter of the substructure one is preferably equal to the spiral outer diameter of the substructure two, and the spiral outer diameter of the substructure three is preferably equal to the spiral inner diameter of the substructure two. Under the condition that the inner diameters and the number of turns of each substructure are the same, the larger the spiral outer diameter ratio, the stronger the magnetic flux density convergence or divergence ability.

[0030] Preferably, the coil layering of the substructure two includes single-layer planar spiral structure, double-layer planar spiral structure, and multi-layer planar spiral structure. The single-layer planar spiral structure is a planar spiral coil in which the spiral centers of each spiral unit are linearly arranged. The double-layer planar spiral structure is formed by connecting single-layer planar spiral coils with opposite spiral directions in series or connecting coils in parallel, or is a Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure formed by combining an upper coil layer and a lower coil layer for each spiral unit. The multi-layer planar spiral structure includes a series connection, a parallel connection, or a series-parallel connection of multiple single-layer planar spiral structures or multiple double-layer planar spiral structures, or a rotating step-type multi-layer planar spiral structure formed by different coil layers for each spiral unit. The interlayer gap in the double-layer planar spiral structure or the multi-layer planar spiral structure is filled with insulating materials, heat dissipation materials, heat dissipation pipes, or magnetic conductive materials.

[0031] Preferably, each spiral unit is formed by a Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure composed of an upper coil layer and a lower coil layer, the upper coil layer and the lower coil layer of each coil are planar, the spiral centers of all spiral units are linearly arranged, the planar projection of the upper coil layer and the lower coil layer of each spiral unit encloses a geometric figure, the planar projection of the leading end of the upper coil layer and the trailing end of the lower coil layer do not coincide, the trailing end of the upper coil layer of the present spiral unit is connected to the leading end of the lower coil layer of the present spiral unit through interlayer connection, the trailing end of the lower coil layer of the present spiral unit is connected to the leading end of the upper coil layer of the next spiral unit through interlayer connection, and so on to form a Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure with the spiral centers linearly arranged, the lower coil layer at one end being vacant, and the upper coil layer at the other end being vacant;

[0032] The Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure with the spiral centers linearly arranged forms a characteristic magnetic field structure with a horizontal magnetic vector component not being zero after being energized, the geometric figure includes a closed geometric figure formed by the planar projection of the upper coil layer and the lower coil layer being continuously connected at one end and intersecting at the other end, and an open geometric figure formed by the planar projection of the upper coil layer and the lower coil layer being continuously connected at one end and not intersecting at the other end, the geometric figure includes a broken line, a polygon, an arc, a combination of a polygon and an arc, the interlayer connection includes vertical connection and connection through phase shift element, the phase shift element includes resistance, capacitance, inductance, transistor, semiconductor diode phase shifter, ferrite phase shifter, gallium arsenide MMIC phase shifter, MEMS phase shifter, the control of the phase shift element realizes the control of the magnetic field strength and direction, the projection area S1 of the upper coil layer vacancy and the projection area S2 of the lower coil layer vacancy include the same and different, wherein the same and different refer to the same and different of the number of projection areas.

[0033] Preferably, each spiral unit of the rotating stepped multi-layer planar spiral structure is composed of different turns, each spiral unit is composed of multiple turns, each turn has a section of wire, the layer spacing between adjacent turns is equal, each turn forms a plane, the spiral centers of all spiral units are linearly arranged, the planar projection of each turn encloses a geometric figure, the planar projection of the leading end of the first turn and the trailing end of the last turn does not coincide, the trailing end of the first turn is connected to the leading end of the next turn of the same spiral unit through the layer spacing, the trailing end of the next turn of the same spiral unit is connected to the leading end of the turn after the next turn of the same spiral unit through the layer spacing, and so on, until the trailing end of the last turn is connected to the leading end of the first turn of the next spiral unit through the layer spacing, finally forming a rotating stepped multi-layer planar spiral structure with linearly arranged spiral centers, one end of which has a lower vacancy and the other end has an upper vacancy, the rotating stepped multi-layer planar spiral structure with linearly arranged spiral centers forms a characteristic magnetic field structure with a horizontal magnetic vector component not equal to zero after being energized, the geometric figure includes a closed geometric figure formed by the planar projection of the leading end of the first turn and the trailing end of the last turn intersecting but not coinciding, and the planar projection of the remaining turns being continuously connected, and an open geometric figure formed by the planar projection of the leading end of the first turn and the trailing end of the last turn not intersecting, and the planar projection of the remaining turns being continuously connected, the geometric figure includes polygons, circular arcs, combinations of polygons and circular arcs, the layer spacing connection includes vertical connection and connection through phase shift components, the phase shift components include resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors, semiconductor diode phase shifters, ferrite phase shifters, gallium arsenide MMIC phase shifters, and MEMS phase shifters, the control of the phase shift components realizes the control of the magnetic field strength and direction, and the upper vacancy projection area S3 and the lower vacancy projection area S4 are the same or different, where the same or different refers to the same or different number of projection areas.

[0034] Preferably, the layer spacing a of adjacent turns of the double-layer planar spiral structure or the multi-layer planar spiral structure and the wire diameter or thickness d0 preferably satisfy:

[0035] When the working frequency f is less than or equal to 10 kHz, a = (0.8d0 + Δa) ± 0.1 mm;

[0036] When 10 kHz < f ≤ 1 MHz, a = (1.1d0 + Δa) ± 0.05 mm;

[0037] When f > 1 MHz, a = (0.6d0 + Δa) ± 0.03 mm,

[0038] Where Δa is the thickness of the composite insulation layer and satisfies 0.05 mm ≤ Δa ≤ 0.2 mm.

[0039] Preferably, the shortest distance R2 between the helix center of the substructure I or the helix center of the substructure III and the end point of the helix center connecting line or the fitting line of the helix center connecting line of the substructure II preferably satisfies: R2 < (1.618 ± 0.05)R1, R1 being the outer diameter of the helix of the substructure I or the substructure III.

[0040] Preferably, when the helix center of the substructure I or the helix center of the substructure III is not at the end point of the helix center connecting line or the fitting line of the helix center connecting line of the substructure II connected to one or more magnetic poles, the ratio of the length of the helix center connecting line or the fitting line of the helix center connecting line of the substructure II connected to the one or more magnetic poles to the length of the magnetic circuit connecting line of the helix center of the substructure I and the helix center of the substructure III preferably satisfies 0.618 ± 5%.

[0041] Preferably, the planar coil structure unit combination forms a Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field after being energized, the Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field includes a linear, polygonal, circular ring, planar Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with a magnetic surface located on the upper surface or the lower surface, a polygonal, circular ring, cylindrical, conical, polyhedral and spherical Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with a magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface, and the Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface includes an internal uniform magnetic field. The shape of the helix center connecting line or the fitting line of the helix center connecting line of the planar coil structure unit includes a straight line shape and an arc shape, and all the helix outer diameter characteristics of the substructure II of the planar coil structure unit include equal helix outer diameters, helix outer diameters first increasing and then decreasing, and helix outer diameter gradient increasing or decreasing.

[0042] Preferably, the planar coil structure unit combination forms a Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field after being energized, the Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field includes a linear, polygonal, circular ring, planar Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with a magnetic surface located on the upper surface or the lower surface, a polygonal, circular ring, cylindrical, conical, polyhedral and spherical Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with a magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface, and the Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface includes an internal uniform magnetic field. The shape of the helix center connecting line or the fitting line of the helix center connecting line of the planar coil structure unit includes a straight line shape and an arc shape, and all the helix outer diameter characteristics of the substructure II of the planar coil structure unit include equal helix outer diameters, helix outer diameters first increasing and then decreasing, and helix outer diameter gradient increasing or decreasing.

[0043] The linear Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field above or below the magnetic surface can be formed by connecting multiple coil structure units with linear or arc center lines of substructure spirals to the magnetic ends to form linear or arc electric conduction, the linear Halbach array planar coil structure unit generates linear Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field, the arc Halbach array planar coil structure unit generates arc Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field, which can be applied to linear motor and electromagnetic acceleration system; the planar coil combination of linear Halbach array is combined by planar coil structure units with gradient reduction or increase of outer diameter of substructure spirals, and the linear Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field with alternating magnetic flux density is formed after electric conduction, which can be applied to linear motor and electromagnetic acceleration system, and the acceleration generated by specific alternating current is greater than that generated by the linear Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field formed by planar coil structure units with equal outer diameter of substructure spirals.

[0044] The circular ring Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field above or below the magnetic surface is formed by connecting planar coil structure units with arc center to the magnetic ends to form ring Halbach array planar coil combination, and the axial flux Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field is formed after electric conduction, which has the characteristic of better magnetic field sine distribution and can be applied to axial flux motor, magnetic bearing and electromagnetic heating system.

[0045] The polygon Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field above or below the magnetic surface is formed by connecting multiple coil structure units with linear center lines of substructure spirals to the magnetic ends, and the polygon Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field is formed after electric conduction, which can be applied to axial flux motor, magnetic bearing and electromagnetic heating system.

[0046] Multiple linear Halbach array planar coil combinations are circularly arranged to form a cylinder or a cone, the magnetic pole surface is located on the inner surface or the outer surface of the cylinder, the connecting line of the two ends of the magnetic pole is parallel to the cylinder axis, or the extension line of the connecting line of the two ends of the magnetic pole intersects with the extension line of the cone axis at a point, the cylinder axis or the cone axis is the same as the same circular ring magnetic pole, and the cylindrical or conical Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field is formed after electric conduction, and the cylindrical or conical coil combination formed by the cylindrical or conical Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field can form a cylindrical or conical acceleration structure when alternating current is input; when the outer diameter gradient of the substructure spiral is reduced or increased, the acceleration effect is greater than that of the cylindrical acceleration structure with equal outer diameter of all substructures. The cylindrical or conical Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field can be applied to linear accelerator and linear motor.

[0047] The planar Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field above or below the magnetic surface can be formed by connecting multiple coil structure units with linear or arc center lines of substructure spirals to the magnetic ends to form a network planar electric conduction, which can be applied to planar motor and magnetic suspension system.

[0048] Preferably, the curved or bent planar coil structure unit combination forms a Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field after being energized, and the magnetic surface of the Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field is located on the inner surface or the outer surface, including a polygon, a polygonal cylindrical, a circular ring, a cylindrical, a spherical, a circular ring body, a polyhedral Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field, and the magnetic surface of the Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field located on the inner surface includes an internal uniform magnetic field.

[0049] The spiral center connecting line or the spiral center connecting line fitting line shape of the planar coil structure unit includes a straight line shape and an arc shape, and the spiral outer diameter characteristics of the planar coil structure unit substructure include equal spiral outer diameters, spiral outer diameters that first increase and then decrease, and spiral outer diameter gradients that increase or decrease.

[0050] The polygonal Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface is formed by connecting a plurality of coil structure units with linear spiral center connecting lines into a linear coil combination at the magnetic end, bending the pole point position of the linear coil combination, connecting the two ends of the bent linear coil combination by using a coil expansion structure to form a polygon, and locating the magnetic surface on the ring. After being energized, it is a polygonal Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field, and under certain conditions, the polygonal Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field with the magnetic surface located on the ring can form a polygonal internal uniform magnetic field. A plurality of polygonal Halbach array planar coil combinations are axially superimposed to form a polygonal cylindrical, and after being energized, it is a polygonal cylindrical Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface. Under certain conditions, the polygonal cylindrical Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic field with the magnetic surface located on the ring can form a polygonal cylindrical internal uniform magnetic field. The polygonal and polygonal cylindrical Halbach array planar coil structure unit combination with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface can be applied to a radial flux motor system, a magnetic bearing, and an electromagnetic heating system. The internal uniform magnetic field generated by the polygonal cylindrical Halbach array planar coil structure unit combination under certain conditions can be applied to a nuclear magnetic resonance coil system.

[0051] The magnetic surface is located on the inner surface or the outer surface. The characteristic magnetic field of the annular Halbach permanent magnetic array is formed by connecting multiple coil structure units with straight line connection of spiral centers of substructures to the magnetic end to form a straight line coil combination, bending the straight line coil combination, connecting the two ends of the bent straight line coil combination to form an annular shape by using a coil expansion structure, and locating the magnetic surface inside or outside the ring. After being electrified, it is the characteristic magnetic field of the annular Halbach permanent magnetic array. Under specific conditions of the characteristic magnetic field of the annular Halbach permanent magnetic array with the magnetic surface located inside the ring, an annular internal uniform magnetic field can be formed. Axial superposition of multiple annular Halbach permanent magnetic array characteristic magnetic fields forms a cylindrical shape, that is, the characteristic magnetic field of the cylindrical Halbach permanent magnetic array with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface. Under specific conditions of the characteristic magnetic field of the cylindrical Halbach permanent magnetic array with the magnetic surface located inside the ring, a cylindrical internal uniform magnetic field can be formed. The planar coil structure unit combination of the cylindrical Halbach array with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface can be applied to a radial flux motor system, a magnetic bearing, and an electromagnetic heating system. In particular, the planar coil combination of the cylindrical Halbach array with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface can be used as a hollow cup motor coil. The internal uniform magnetic field generated by the planar coil structure unit combination of the cylindrical Halbach array can be applied to a nuclear magnetic resonance coil system.

[0052] The characteristic magnetic field of the spherical Halbach permanent magnetic array with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface is formed by connecting multiple coil structure units with straight line connection of spiral centers of substructures and different outer diameters of each substructure spiral to the magnetic end to form a symmetrical lobe-shaped straight line coil combination with small ends at both ends and large middle. The magnetic polarities of the two ends of the symmetrical lobe-shaped straight line coil combination are the same. Multiple symmetrical lobe-shaped straight line coil combinations are bent into a semicircle, and the two small ends are connected to the magnetic end to form a spherical shape. The magnetic surface is located inside or outside the sphere. After being electrified, it is the characteristic magnetic field of the spherical Halbach permanent magnetic array. Under specific conditions of the characteristic magnetic field of the spherical Halbach permanent magnetic array with the magnetic surface located inside the sphere, a spherical internal uniform magnetic field can be formed. The planar coil structure unit combination of the spherical Halbach array with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface can be applied to a spherical motor system.

[0053] The characteristic magnetic field of the annular body-shaped Halbach permanent magnetic array with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface is formed by connecting multiple coil structure units with straight line connection or arc connection of spiral centers of substructures and different outer diameters of each substructure spiral to the magnetic end to form a lobe-shaped linear coil combination with small ends at both ends and large ends. The magnetic polarities of the two ends of the lobe-shaped linear coil combination are different. Multiple lobe-shaped linear coil combinations with small ends at both ends are bent into a semicircle, and the large ends are connected to the large ends and the small ends are connected to the small ends to form a circular ring-shaped coil structure unit. Multiple circular ring-shaped coil structure units are nested to form a circular ring body coil combination. After being electrified, the circular ring body coil combination forms the characteristic magnetic field of the Halbach permanent magnetic array with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface. Under specific conditions of the characteristic magnetic field of the annular body-shaped Halbach permanent magnetic array with the magnetic surface located inside, an annular body-shaped internal uniform magnetic field can be formed.

[0054] The magnetic surface of the polyhedral Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field located on the inner surface or the outer surface can be set in the following ways, respectively, as a plane coil structure unit cross-surface setting and a plane coil structure unit edge setting. The plane coil structure unit combination of the polyhedral Halbach array with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface can be applied to a spherical motor system. The internal uniform magnetic field generated by the plane coil structure unit combination of the polyhedral Halbach array with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface can be applied to a nuclear magnetic resonance coil system.

[0055] The polyhedral Halbach array coil structure combination of the plane coil structure unit cross-surface setting is set across the polyhedral adjacent surface by the plane coil structure unit, specifically, the plane coil structure unit across the polyhedral adjacent surface, the spiral centers of both ends are located at the center of the polyhedral adjacent surface or have a certain distance from the center of the surface, all the magnetic polarities of the plane coil structure units in the same surface are the same, all the magnetic pole ends are located at the center of the surface or arranged in central symmetry with the center of the surface, all the plane coil structure units are connected to the same magnetic end, the magnetic polarities of the adjacent surfaces connected by the plane coil structure units are opposite, the adjacent surfaces with the same magnetic polarity are not set with the cross-surface plane coil structure unit. The overall polyhedral coil structure unit combination formed by the connection forms a characteristic magnetic field of a polyhedral Halbach permanent magnet array with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface after being electrified. The polyhedral Halbach array coil combination with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface can form an internal uniform magnetic field of a polyhedral Halbach permanent magnet array under certain conditions. The polyhedron is an approximately spherical polyhedron with equal edges, preferably an icosidodecahedron, a small orthorhombic truncated icosahedron, and a twisted 12-faced polyhedron. For each polyhedron with unequal areas, a coil structure unit with unequal coil spiral outer diameters of all substructure coils is preferably used. The coil structure unit with unequal coil spiral outer diameters of all substructure coils has a substructure one spiral outer diameter equal to a substructure two spiral outer diameter, a substructure two spiral outer diameter greater than a substructure two spiral inner diameter, and a substructure three spiral outer diameter equal to a substructure two spiral inner diameter. The polyhedral coil structure unit combination can also be composed of coil structure units with arc linear spiral centers.

[0056] The polyhedral Halbach array coil structure combination is formed by the planar coil structure units arranged on the edges of the polyhedron, specifically, the spiral center connecting line of the planar coil structure unit coincides with the edge of the polyhedron, and the magnetic pole end is a certain distance from the vertex of the edge. When the distance between the magnetic pole end and the vertex of the edge is zero, the magnetic pole end is located at the vertex of the edge. The distance from all the same magnetic pole ends in the adjacent area of the same vertex to the vertex is the same. The magnetic polarities of the vertices at the two ends of the same edge connected by the planar coil structure unit are opposite. The magnetic polarities of the vertices at the two ends of the same edge are the same, and the edge is not provided with a planar coil structure unit. All the coil structure units in the adjacent area of the same vertex are connected to the same magnetic end. After the overall polyhedral coil structure unit combination is connected and energized, a characteristic magnetic field of a polyhedral Halbach permanent magnet array with a magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface is formed. The polyhedral Halbach array coil combination with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface can form an internal uniform magnetic field of a polyhedral Halbach permanent magnet array under certain conditions. The polyhedron is an approximately spherical polyhedron with equal edges, preferably an icositetrachoron, a small orthorhombic truncated icositetrachoron, and a twisted icosidodecahedron.

[0057] Preferably, two or more planar coil structure units of the second substructure are connected to the same magnetic end at the spiral center of the first substructure or a certain point of the planar surface surrounded by the first substructure to form a planar strong magnetic point. The strong magnetic point includes the spiral center of the first substructure or a certain point of the planar surface surrounded by the first substructure. The formed planar strong magnetic point includes a magnetic flux density convergence / divergence vortex strong magnetic point. The planar strong magnetic point coil combination is connected into a circular ring or a sphere through bending, and the magnetic surface is located in the interior. After being energized, a minimum circular ring-shaped Halbach permanent magnet array internal uniform magnetic field or a minimum spherical Halbach permanent magnet array internal uniform magnetic field is formed. The planar strong magnetic point can be applied to wireless power transmission, has the characteristics of high magnetic field strength, low leakage inductance, and high electromagnetic utilization efficiency; the planar strong magnetic point can be applied to axial flux motors and magnetic bearings. Compared with traditional coil structures, the magnetic field strength generated by the overall coil combination is stronger, and the coil combination can generate stronger centripetal magnetic induction strength at the shaft center, resulting in greater torque. The planar coil structure units that make up the planar strong magnetic point include planar coil structure units with straight or arc-shaped spiral centers and planar coil structure units with increasing or decreasing spiral outer diameter gradients. The formed planar strong magnetic point includes a vortex strong magnetic point and a magnetic flux density convergence / divergence vortex strong magnetic point.

[0058] The vortex strong magnetic point is formed by the arc-shaped planar coil structure unit with substructure one spiral center, which is arranged around a certain point on the plane in a central symmetric manner and connected to the magnetic end to form a central symmetric planar coil array combination, and the distance from the substructure one spiral center to the substructure three spiral center to the certain point on the plane is not equal. The magnetic flux density converging / diverging vortex strong magnetic point is formed by the arc-shaped planar coil structure unit with substructure two spiral outer diameter gradient increasing or decreasing, which is arranged around a certain point on the plane in a central symmetric manner with substructure one spiral center as the central symmetric connection point and connected to the magnetic end to form a central symmetric planar coil array combination, and the distance from the substructure one spiral center to the substructure three spiral center to the certain point on the plane is not equal.

[0059] The planar strong magnetic point formed by two planar coil structure units without external substructure two, which are connected to form a circular ring after being bent into a semicircle, and the strong magnetic point is located in the ring, and after being electrified, a minimum circular Helbeck permanent magnet array internal uniform magnetic field can be formed, the magnetic pole end is located at substructure one and substructure three, the circular internal uniform magnetic field ring is applied to wireless power transmission, and has the characteristics of high magnetic field strength, low leakage inductance and high electromagnetic utilization efficiency; the planar strong magnetic point formed by a plurality of planar coil structure units without external substructure two, which are combined into a petal-shaped coil with substructure one spiral outer diameter less than or equal to the spiral outer diameter of substructure two with the same spiral center, substructure two spiral outer diameter increasing first and then decreasing, and substructure three spiral outer diameter less than or equal to the end of the spiral inner diameter of substructure two with the same spiral center, and the center of substructure one is arranged around a certain point on the plane in a central symmetric manner, after all the planar coil structure units are bent into a semicircle, all the substructure three centers are connected in a central symmetric manner to form a sphere, and the strong magnetic point is located in the sphere, and after being electrified, a minimum spherical Helbeck permanent magnet array internal uniform magnetic field can be formed, and the magnetic pole end is located at substructure one and substructure three. The spherical internal uniform magnetic field is applied to wireless power transmission, and has the characteristics of high magnetic field strength, low leakage inductance and high electromagnetic utilization efficiency. In the actual application process, the repeated coils unnecessary for the magnetic pole position can be removed according to the needs to improve the overall structure uniformity.

[0060] Preferably, a plurality of Halbach array planar coil structure unit combinations form a planar, polygonal column, cylindrical, spherical, circular ring body Halbach array planar coil mesh combination, which forms a Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field structure after energization, and is applied to magnetic shielding surfaces and magnetic shielding spaces. The planar coil structure unit and its combination include linear and mesh planar coil structure units and their combinations, and the mesh planar coil structure unit combination further includes a planar coil structure unit combination formed by arraying or nesting planar coil structure units, wherein the array includes planar coil structure units in point, line, and surface arrays; the linear and mesh planar coil structure units and their combinations include non-closed loop and closed loop coil structure units and their combinations, wherein the closed loop coil structure units and their combinations form a closed loop by using self-structure connection or extended structure connection; the linear and mesh planar coil structure units and their combinations include straight line shape (attached Figure 30 , attached Figure 32 , attached Figure 35 , attached Figure 38 ), broken line shape, circular shape (attached Figure 39 ), elliptical shape, circular arc shape (attached Figure 33 ), polygonal shape (attached Figure 40 , attached Figure 46 ), planar ring shape, mesh shape (attached Figure 41 and Figure 42 ); the linear and mesh planar coil structure units and their combinations form a linear, broken line, circular, elliptical, circular arc, polygonal, planar ring, mesh planar Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with the magnetic surface located on the upper surface or lower surface of the coil after energization.

[0061] Preferably, a plurality of Halbach array planar coil structure unit combinations form a polyhedral Halbach array planar coil mesh combination, which forms a Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field structure after being energized, and is applied to magnetic shielding surface and magnetic shielding space construction. With the development of science and technology and the wide application of electromagnetic technology and permanent magnet materials, non-magnetic space and magnetic shielding space are increasingly attracting the attention of researchers. Conventional non-magnetic space and magnetic shielding space structures are thick and heavy. The present application uses electromagnetic coils to form a Halbach array characteristic magnetic field, which can be applied to magnetic shielding surface and magnetic shielding space construction, has the characteristics of low cost, good magnetic shielding effect, light and thin space structure, and easy construction. The three-dimensional coil structure unit and its combination include coil structure units formed by bending or folding or winding or nesting or stacking, and the three-dimensional coil structure unit and its combination include non-closed loop and closed loop coil structure units and their combinations, and the closed loop three-dimensional coil structure unit and its combination are connected by their own structure or coil expansion structure to form a closed loop. The shape of the three-dimensional coil structure unit and its combination includes cylindrical, polygonal cylindrical, circular truncated cone, polygonal truncated cone, circular cone, polygonal cone, spherical, polyhedral, circular ring body, and polygonal ring body. The three-dimensional coil structure unit and its combination form a Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with a three-dimensional structure after being energized, and the Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with a three-dimensional structure includes a magnetic surface located on the inner surface or outer surface or internal or external magnetic field, or a magnetic surface located on the upper surface or lower surface of the three-dimensional stacked surface, and the internal magnetic field includes a uniform magnetic field.

[0062] The magnetic shielding surface and magnetic shielding space can be composed of a plurality of Halbach array planar coil structure unit combinations in a planar, polygonal cylindrical, cylindrical, spherical, circular ring body, or polyhedral shape, which can be assembled and customized according to the needs of magnetic shielding surface and magnetic shielding space construction. The Halbach array planar coil mesh combination is preferably made of flexible printed circuit board technology.

[0063] Preferably, the heat dissipation material is preferably a shape memory alloy (SMA) heat pipe structure, and the magnetic conductive material has a relative magnetic permeability ≥100μ0 or an effective relative magnetic permeability ≥100μ0 when the external electric field strength is 2-5kV / mm.

[0064] Preferably, the Halbach array planar coil structure unit combination is applied to magnetic resonance, electromagnetic accelerator, particle accelerator, detector, magnetic levitation, motor and generator, electromagnetic sensor, magnetic energy storage, wireless power transmission, electromagnetic shielding, magnetic therapy equipment, electromagnetic detection, electromagnetic forming, electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer, magnetic separation, and electromagnetic stirring.

[0065] Preferably, the Halbach array planar coil structure unit and the coil combination composed of the Halbach array planar coil structure unit are connected in series, in parallel or in series-parallel mixed connection mode. The coil structure combination can be used with the coil structure combination composed of the Halbach array planar coil structure unit opposite to the magnetic pole, or can be used with the Halbach permanent magnet array.

[0066] The coil polyhedron combination with the external strong magnetic feature is matched with the permanent magnet sphere with the external strong magnetic surface, or the coil polyhedron combination with the external strong magnetic feature is matched with the permanent magnet sphere with the internal Halbach permanent magnet array strong magnetic surface, or the coil polyhedron combination with the external strong magnetic feature is matched with the coil polyhedron combination with the internal strong magnetic feature, which can be applied to the manufacture of the spherical motor.

[0067] Preferably, the coil structure unit and the combination thereof are manufactured by the printed circuit board method or the planar coil splicing method. The printed circuit board method preferably adopts the HDI process, the line width / line spacing is less than or equal to 50 mu m, the blind hole diameter is less than or equal to 100 mu m, and the interlayer alignment error is less than or equal to 5 mu m. The planar coil splicing method preferably adopts laser welding or nano-silver paste conductive adhesive welding.

[0068] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0069] 1. The present application realizes the coilization of the Halbach permanent magnet array magnetic field structure, and gets rid of the application limitation of the permanent magnet material on the Halbach array magnetic field;

[0070] 2. The present application adopts the planar spiral coil arrangement or the laminated mode to significantly flatten and miniaturize the Halbach array coil structure;

[0071] 3. The planar spiral coil with the spiral center arranged in a linear shape in the structure of the present application is more conducive to the magnetic field uniformity adjustment than the traditional concentrated winding type coil;

[0072] 4. The coil type Halbach array structure is a flexible structure, and compared with the rigid structure of the Halbach permanent magnet array, has the characteristics of being more conducive to the actual application;

[0073] 5. The coilized Halbach permanent magnet array magnetic field structure inherits the characteristics of the Halbach permanent magnet array magnetic field structure, i.e. high magnetic field strength and high sinusoidal degree;

[0074] 6. The structure realizes the single-face circulation of the magnetic circuit, and compared with the traditional coil double-face magnetic circuit, significantly improves the electromagnetic utilization rate and reduces the leakage magnetic control cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0075] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor.

[0076] Figure 1 FIG. a in the drawings is a structural schematic diagram of a single-layer concentric planar spiral coil;

[0077] Figure 1 FIG. b in the drawings is a structural schematic diagram of a double-layer concentric planar spiral coil;

[0078] Figure 1 FIG. c in the drawings is a structural schematic diagram of a single-layer planar spiral coil with spiral centers arranged in a straight line;

[0079] Figure 1 FIG. d in the drawings is a structural schematic diagram of a double-layer planar spiral coil with spiral centers arranged in a straight line;

[0080] Figure 2 FIG. e in the drawings is a structural schematic diagram of a double-layer planar spiral coil with spiral centers arranged in a straight line and with a gradient increase or decrease in outer diameter of the spiral;

[0081] Figure 2 FIG. f in the drawings is a structural schematic diagram of a double-layer planar spiral coil with spiral centers arranged in a straight line and with equal outer diameters of the spiral;

[0082] Figure 2 FIG. g in the drawings is a structural schematic diagram of a double-layer planar spiral coil with spiral centers arranged in a straight line and with a gradient increase or decrease in outer diameter of the spiral;

[0083] Figure 3 FIG. h in the drawings is a structural schematic diagram of a single-layer planar spiral coil with spiral centers arranged in an arc shape;

[0084] Figure 4 FIG. i in the drawings is a structural schematic diagram of a double-layer planar spiral coil with spiral centers arranged in an arc shape;

[0085] Figure 5 FIG. a1 in the drawings is a structural schematic diagram of a double-layer planar spiral coil with spiral centers arranged in an arc shape and with a gradient increase or decrease in outer diameter of the spiral;

[0086] Figure 5 FIG. b1 in the drawings is a structural schematic diagram of a double-layer planar spiral coil with spiral centers arranged in an arc shape and with equal outer diameters of the spiral;

[0087] Figure 6 FIG. a in the drawings is a structural schematic diagram of a vertical downward concentric planar spiral coil;

[0088] Figure 6Fig. b in the drawings is a vertical upward view of a concentric planar spiral coil of the magnetic circuit;

[0089] Figure 7 Fig. a in the drawings is a planar spiral coil view of the spiral outer diameter being equal, the spiral center being linearly arranged, and the magnetic potential component being non-zero to the right;

[0090] Figure 7 Fig. b in the drawings is a planar spiral coil view of the spiral outer diameter gradient being reduced or increased, the spiral center being linearly arranged, and the magnetic potential component being non-zero to the left;

[0091] Figure 8 Fig. a in the drawings is a planar spiral coil view of the spiral outer diameter being equal, the spiral center being arcuately arranged, and the magnetic potential component being non-zero to the right;

[0092] Figure 8 Fig. b in the drawings is a planar spiral coil view of the spiral outer diameter gradient being reduced or increased, the spiral center being arcuately arranged, and the magnetic potential component being non-zero to the left;

[0093] Figure 9 Fig. is a schematic view of an extended structure of a Halbach array coil structure unit;

[0094] Figure 10 Fig. is a schematic view of another extended structure of a Halbach array coil structure unit;

[0095] Figure 11 Fig. is a schematic view of still another extended structure of a Halbach array coil structure unit;

[0096] Figure 12 Fig. is a linear planar coil structure unit of a substructure two equal spiral outer diameter;

[0097] Figure 13 Fig. is an arcuate planar coil structure unit of a substructure two equal spiral outer diameter;

[0098] Figure 14 Fig. is a linear planar coil structure unit of a substructure two spiral outer diameter gradient being reduced;

[0099] Figure 15 Fig. is an arcuate planar coil structure unit of a substructure two spiral outer diameter gradient being reduced;

[0100] Figure 16 Fig. is a linear planar coil structure unit of a substructure two being circumscribed;

[0101] Figure 17 Fig. is an arcuate planar coil structure unit of two substructure twos being circumscribed;

[0102] Figure 18 Fig. is a linear planar coil structure unit of five substructure twos being circumscribed;

[0103] Figure 19 arc-shaped planar coil structure unit with six sub-structure two;

[0104] Figure 20 linear Halbach array planar coil structure combination;

[0105] Figure 21 linear Halbach array planar coil structure combination with alternating magnetic flux density;

[0106] Figure 22 annular Halbach array planar coil structure combination;

[0107] Figure 23 mesh Halbach array planar coil structure combination;

[0108] Figure 24 strong magnetic point Halbach array planar coil structure combination;

[0109] Figure 25 annular Halbach array planar coil structure combination with minimum internal magnetic field;

[0110] Figure 26 planar Halbach array planar coil structure combination with alternating polarity;

[0111] Figure 27 mesh Halbach array planar coil structure combination;

[0112] Figure 28 Halbach array planar coil structure combination with truncated icosahedron edge coil;

[0113] Figure 29 Halbach array planar coil structure combination with truncated icosahedron cross-face coil;

[0114] Figure 30 coil structure unit composed of one sub-structure one, one sub-structure three, and two sub-structure two with equal outer diameters of the spirals;

[0115] Figure 31 coil structure unit composed of four sub-structure one, one sub-structure three, and six sub-structure two with equal outer diameters of the spirals;

[0116] Figure 32 coil structure unit composed of one sub-structure one, one sub-structure three, and two sub-structure two with increasing or decreasing outer diameters of the spirals;

[0117] Figure 33 coil structure unit composed of one sub-structure one, one sub-structure three, and two sub-structure two with equal outer diameters of the spirals arranged in an arc shape;

[0118] Figure 34 A coil structure unit composed of one substructure one and one substructure three and five substructure twos arranged in spiral center arc shape with increasing or decreasing spiral outer diameter gradient;

[0119] Figure 35 A coil structure unit composed of one substructure one and one substructure three and four substructure twos arranged in spiral center straight line with equal spiral outer diameter;

[0120] Figure 36 A coil structure unit composed of one substructure one and one substructure three and twelve substructure twos with equal spiral outer diameter;

[0121] Figure 37 A coil structure unit composed of six substructure ones and two substructure threes and twelve substructure twos arranged in spiral center straight line with increasing or decreasing spiral outer diameter gradient;

[0122] Figure 38 A linear Halbach array coil structure unit combination diagram formed by self-connection expansion of four Figure 30 structure;

[0123] Figure 39 A three-layer linear closed loop (circular) Halbach array coil structure unit combination formed by self-connection expansion of three Figure 33 structure;

[0124] Figure 40 A four-layer linear closed loop Halbach array coil structure unit combination formed by six Figure 1 coil structure units in b diagram of Figure 4 and six coil structure units in with 30° interlayer misplacement of different projection points;

[0125] Figure 41 Figure 34 A mesh three-ring coil structure unit combination composed of one coil structure unit, six coil expansion structure substructure ones, ten coil expansion structure substructure twos and five coil expansion structure substructure threes, expanded in a central symmetric manner;

[0126] Figure 42 A mesh Halbach array coil structure unit combination magnetic direction diagram formed by arranging or stacking multiple substructure ones, substructure twos and substructure threes according to coil position requirements;

[0127] Figure 43 A double-layer coil structure unit composed of one single-layer hexagonal substructure one coil, five double-layer substructure twos and one single-layer substructure three in a stacking manner;

[0128] Figure 44 is Figure 43 a schematic diagram of a local structure in

[0129] Figure 45 is a coil structure combination formed by the array of the coil structure units in the lower right corner of the small diagram in the large diagram, with the center of the regular dodecagon as the array center;

[0130] Figure 46 is a single-layer Halbach array planar coil structure unit composed of 6 Figure 1 a coil structure in the left lower corner of the small diagram is a schematic diagram of the magnetic direction of the coil combination; Figure 3

[0131] Figure 47 is a single-layer concentric planar spiral coil and a single-layer spiral center linear arrangement planar spiral coil arrangement structure;

[0132] Figure 48 is a double-layer concentric planar spiral coil and a double-layer spiral center linear arrangement planar spiral coil arrangement structure;

[0133] Figure 49 is a double-layer planar spiral structure formed by stacking a single-layer concentric planar spiral coil and a single-layer spiral center linear arrangement planar spiral coil;

[0134] Figure 50 is a double-layer planar spiral structure formed by stacking a single-layer concentric planar spiral coil and a double-layer spiral center including an upper coil layer and a lower coil layer linear arrangement planar spiral coil;

[0135] Figure 51 is a four-layer structure formed by stacking a double-layer concentric planar spiral coil and a double-layer spiral center linear arrangement planar spiral coil;

[0136] Figure 52 is a four-layer structure formed by stacking a double-layer concentric planar spiral coil and two single-layer spiral centers linear arrangement planar spiral coils;

[0137] Figure 53 is a four-layer structure formed by stacking a double-layer and two single-layer concentric planar spiral coils and a double-layer spiral center including an upper coil layer and a lower coil layer linear arrangement planar spiral coil;

[0138] Figure 54 is a three-layer structure formed by stacking a single-layer concentric planar spiral coil and a double-layer spiral center including an upper coil layer and a lower coil layer linear arrangement planar spiral coil, and the middle material filling layer of the substructure two coils is shown;

[0139] Figure 55 ​It is a four-layer structure consisting of a single-layer concentric planar spiral coil and a planar spiral coil layer with a double-layer spiral center arranged in a linear shape, including an upper layer and a lower layer; the indicator structure has material filling layers above and below the two coils.

[0140] Figure 56 Each ring is a single unit with a Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure, formed by the combination of an upper ring and a lower ring.

[0141] Figure 57 A top view of a single unit of a rotating stepped, three-layer planar spiral structure, where each ring consists of different concentric layers.

[0142] Figure 58 A top view of a single unit of a rotating stepped, six-layer planar spiral structure, where each ring consists of different concentric layers;

[0143] Figure 59 A single-unit diagram of a six-layer planar spiral structure with interlayer connecting wires;

[0144] Figure 60 A diagram of a six-layer planar spiral structure with rotating steps arranged linearly around the spiral center;

[0145] Figure 61 for Figure 5 The electromagnetic vector simulation diagram of the structure in Figure b1;

[0146] Figure 62 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the circular three-dimensional coil structure unit in Example 35;

[0147] Figure 63 This is an expanded diagram of the soccer ball-shaped Heilbeck array coil structure unit combination in Example 37;

[0148] Wherein, 1001 - outer diameter end of coil; 1002 - inner diameter end of coil; 1003 - center of coil helix; 1004 - line connecting the centers of coil helix; 1005 - upper coil layer; 1006 - lower coil layer; 1007 - vertically downward magnetic circuit; 1008 - vertically upward magnetic circuit; 1009 - arrowhead pointing in the direction of horizontal magnetic vector components; 1010 - inner diameter of helix; 1011 - outer diameter of helix; 1012 - fitting line of helix center; 1 - substructure one; 2 - substructure two; 3 - substructure three; 4 - material filling layer; 3001 - first layer; 3002 - second layer; 3003 - third layer; 3004 - fourth layer; 3005 - fifth layer; 3006 - sixth layer;

[0149] 101, a planar helical coil with a vertically downward magnetic circuit and an outer diameter equal to the three phases of the substructure;

[0150] 102, a vertically upward-facing substructure planar helical coil with a helical outer diameter larger than that of the substructure's three helical outer diameter;

[0151] 103, a vertically downward-facing substructure planar helical coil with a helical outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the three helical substructures;

[0152] 201, a linear substructure of a two-plane helical coil with equal outer diameter and a rightward magnetic horizontal component;

[0153] 202, a two-plane spiral coil with an arc-shaped substructure and a leftward magnetic horizontal component, having equal outer diameters.

[0154] 203, a linear substructure of a two-plane helical coil with a decreasing magnetic horizontal component and a spiral outer diameter gradient;

[0155] 204, a two-plane helical coil with a magnetic horizontal component pointing to the right in an arc-shaped substructure of a spiral outer diameter gradient.

[0156] 205, a linear substructure of a two-plane helical coil with equal outer diameter and a leftward magnetic horizontal component;

[0157] 206, a linear substructure of a two-plane helical coil with a decreasing magnetic horizontal component and a spiral outer diameter gradient;

[0158] 207, a two-plane spiral coil with an arc-shaped substructure and a rightward magnetic horizontal component, having an equal outer diameter of the spiral.

[0159] 208, a two-plane spiral coil with a leftward-directed horizontal magnetic component and a decreasing outer diameter gradient.

[0160] 209, a linear substructure of a two-plane helical coil with a leftward magnetic horizontal component due to the increasing gradient of the helical outer diameter;

[0161] 301, a three-plane spiral coil with a vertically upward magnetic circuit and an outer diameter equal to that of the substructure.

[0162] 302, a three-plane spiral coil with a vertically downward-facing substructure whose outer diameter of the spiral is smaller than that of the first spiral substructure;

[0163] 303, a vertically upward-facing substructure three-plane spiral coil with a spiral outer diameter smaller than that of the substructure one spiral outer diameter;

[0164] 401, Substructure 2: A linear coil extension structure with equal spiral outer diameter;

[0165] 402, Substructure 2: An arc-shaped coil extension structure with equal spiral outer diameter;

[0166] 403, Substructure 2 of a linear coil extension structure with decreasing spiral outer diameter gradient;

[0167] 404, Substructure 2 of the arc-shaped coil extension structure with decreasing outer diameter of the spiral;

[0168] 500, the Halbach array magnetic ring unit formed by combining the reticular arc planar coil structure units. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0169] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0170] In order to make the above objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0171] It should be understood that in the description of the present application, the magnetic field strength of each substructure planar spiral coil of the Halbach array planar coil structure unit, the number of the circumscribed coil extension structure are not specified, but are only for the simplified description of the technical solutions of the present application for the convenience of description; in the drawings, the vertical magnetic field direction is represented by a circle with a cross inside indicating the vertical downward magnetic field, a circle with a circle inside indicating the vertical upward magnetic field, the two arrow directions of the substructure indicating the horizontal component direction of the magnetic field, and the thickness of the two ends of the arrow indicating the size of the outer diameter of the spiral, which are only for the clear and obvious description of the structure of the drawings; therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation of the present application. The present embodiment is only for the illustration of the technical solutions, and does not limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0172] As shown in Figures 1-60 , the present application discloses a Halbach array planar coil structure unit, which comprises

[0173] three types of substructures, i.e., substructure one, substructure two and substructure three;

[0174] Among them, the substructure one and the substructure three are concentric planar spiral coils with opposite vertical magnetic circuits after being powered on, and the spiral centers of the substructure two exist horizontal components after being powered on, and the spiral centers are linearly arranged planar spiral coils; the linear arrangement mode of the spiral centers of the substructure two includes a spiral center connecting line, or a spiral center connecting line fitting line into a straight line or an arc arrangement; all spiral outer diameters of the substructure two are the same or different; the coil layering of the substructure one, the substructure two and the substructure three includes single-layer planar spiral structure, double-layer planar spiral structure and multi-layer planar spiral structure;

[0175] The coil position arrangement mode of the substructure one, the substructure two and the substructure three is:

[0176] The spiral centers of the substructure one and the substructure three are located at the two ends of the connecting line of the spiral centers of the substructure two, and two or more substructure twos are arranged in a magnetic end symmetry or a central symmetry with the spiral centers of the substructure one or the substructure three as the center; or the spiral centers of the substructure one and the substructure three are respectively located at the two ends of the horizontal magnetic circuit formed by one or more substructure twos, and two or more substructure twos are arranged in a magnetic end symmetry between the two ends of the horizontal magnetic circuit formed by the plurality of substructure twos;

[0177] The coil arrangement or stacking into a plane includes:

[0178] 1) The single-layer plane spiral structure or the double-layer plane spiral structure of the substructure one, the substructure two and the substructure three is arranged into a plane;

[0179] 2) The spiral centers of the substructure one or the substructure three of the double-layer plane spiral structure or the multi-layer plane spiral structure and the spiral centers of the substructure two are stacked into a plane at different projection points of the end points of the connecting line or the fitting line;

[0180] 3) The spiral centers of the substructure one or the substructure three of the single-layer plane spiral structure and the double-layer plane spiral structure or the multi-layer plane spiral structure and the spiral centers of the substructure two are stacked into a plane at different projection points of the end points of the connecting line or the fitting line;

[0181] 4) The spiral centers of the substructure one or the substructure three of the single-layer plane spiral structure and the double-layer plane spiral structure or the multi-layer plane spiral structure and the spiral centers of the substructure two are stacked into a plane at the same projection point of the end points of the connecting line or the fitting line;

[0182] 5) The spiral centers of the substructure one or the substructure three of the single-layer plane spiral structure and the double-layer plane spiral structure or the multi-layer plane spiral structure and the spiral centers of the substructure two are stacked into a plane at the same projection point of the end points of the connecting line or the fitting line, and a filling layer is formed by a combination material;

[0183] The coil structure unit and its magnetic field characteristics:

[0184] One or more substructure ones, substructure twos and substructure threes are arranged according to the coil position arrangement mode, and are stacked into a plane or two or more thin layer structures according to the coil arrangement or stacking into a plane mode. All the substructures are connected in series, in parallel or in series-parallel to form a Halbach array coil structure unit, which forms a Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field after being electrified. The spiral centers of the substructure one and the substructure three are respectively the north and south poles of the coil structure unit, the two ends of the substructure two are connected with the substructure one and the substructure three to form a magnetic circuit, and the magnetic polarity of the unconnected end of the substructure two is opposite to that of the connected end. The connecting line shape of the spiral centers of the plane coil structure unit includes a straight line, an arc and a network;

[0185] The coil structure unit connection expansion mode includes:

[0186] According to the coil position arrangement, coil arrangement or stacking into a plane, it is extended through its own structure or coil extension structure;

[0187] The coil structure unit combination includes linear and mesh planar coil structure unit combinations formed by connecting and extending its own structure or by connecting and extending the coil extension structure; planar coil structure unit combinations formed by coil structure unit arrays or nesting; and three-dimensional coil structure unit combinations formed by bending, folding, winding, nesting or stacking coil structure units.

[0188] The magnetic field characteristics of the coil structure unit combination mentioned above include:

[0189] a) Planar linear and surface characteristic magnetic fields: linear, polygonal, circular, annular, arc-shaped, elliptical, polygonal, and mesh-like planar Heilbeck permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic fields located on the upper or lower surface of the coil;

[0190] b) Characteristic magnetic field of three-dimensional structure: characteristic magnetic field of Hellbeck permanent magnet array with magnetic surface located on the inner or outer surface, inside or outside of the coil; characteristic magnetic field of Hellbeck permanent magnet array with magnetic surface located on the upper or lower surface of the coil stack; characteristic magnetic field of Hellbeck permanent magnet array with magnetic surface located inside the coil includes uniform magnetic field.

[0191] Insulating materials, heat dissipation materials, heat dissipation pipelines, or magnetic materials are layered or filled above or below the coil structure unit and its combination or between layers to improve the corresponding insulation performance, heat dissipation performance, magnetic permeability performance and coil structure regularity of the coil structure unit;

[0192] The coil structure units and their combinations are fabricated using the printed circuit board method or the planar coil splicing method.

[0193] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 8 , Figures 47 to 60 As shown, the coil layers of substructure one and substructure three include a single-layer planar helical structure as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 Figure a and the double-layer planar spiral structure are attached. Figure 1 Figure b shows a multi-layered concentric planar spiral structure. A double-layered planar spiral structure is formed by coils connected in series with opposite spiral directions or coils connected in parallel with the same spiral direction, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 1 Figure b shows that the multi-layer concentric planar spiral structure includes multiple single-layer planar spiral structures, multiple double-layer planar spiral structures, or a combination of multiple single-layer planar spiral structures and double-layer planar spiral structures in series, parallel, or series-parallel; the interlayer gaps in the double-layer planar spiral structure or multi-layer planar spiral structure are filled with insulating material, heat dissipation material, heat dissipation pipeline, or magnetic material.

[0194] Substructure two consists of planar helical coils arranged linearly around the helical center, as shown in the attached figure.Figure 1 Figures c and d in the text Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 61 As shown in the attached diagram, including the line connecting the centers of the spirals. Figure 1 Figures c and d in the text Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the attached figure, the fitting line connecting the centers of the spirals is as follows. Figure 4 It is in a straight line shape as shown in the attached image. Figure 1 c and d in Figure 2 As shown in the attached diagram, the arc-shaped arrangement... Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown; the substructure consists of a two-coil layered structure, including a single-layer planar helical structure as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 Figure a and appendix Figure 3 As shown in the attached diagram, the double-layer planar spiral structure... Figure 1 d in Figure 2 , Figure 5 A single-layer planar spiral structure consists of planar spiral coils arranged linearly around the spiral center, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 c and Figure 3 As shown in the attached diagram, the double-layer planar helical structure consists of coils connected in series with opposite helical directions. Figure 1 The d-figure and appendix in the figure Figure 4 The spiral structure shown is either formed by parallel connections of coils in the same direction, or each spiral unit is a Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure formed by the combination of upper and lower coils, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the multi-layer planar spiral structure includes multiple single-layer planar spiral structures or multiple double-layer planar spiral structures connected in series, parallel, or a series-parallel combination, or a rotating stepped multi-layer planar spiral structure in which each spiral unit consists of different layers, as shown in the attached figure. Figures 57 to 60 As shown, the interlayer gaps in a double-layer planar spiral structure or a multi-layer planar spiral structure are filled with insulating material, heat-dissipating material, heat dissipation pipes, or magnetically conductive material, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 54 As shown; the substructure features two helical outer diameters, including identical helical outer diameters, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 Figure f in the appendix Figure 5 As shown in Figure b1, the gradient of the spiral outer diameter increases or decreases as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 c and d and append Figure 2 Figure e in Appendix 2, Figure g in Appendix 2, Figure 3 and attached Figure 5 As shown in Figure a1.

[0195] Each spiral unit is formed by the Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure combined by the upper coil layer and the lower coil layer. The upper coil layer and the lower coil layer of the coil are each in a plane. The spiral centers of all spiral units are linearly arranged. The planar projection of the upper coil layer and the lower coil layer of each spiral unit encloses a geometric figure. The planar projection of the first end of the upper coil layer and the tail end of the lower coil layer does not coincide. The tail end of the upper coil layer of the present spiral unit is connected with the first end of the lower coil layer of the present spiral unit through interlayer connection. The tail end of the lower coil layer of the present spiral unit is connected with the first end of the upper coil layer of the next spiral unit through interlayer connection. In this way, the Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure with linearly arranged spiral centers and the Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure with the lower coil layer vacancy at one end and the upper coil layer vacancy at the other end are formed. The Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure with linearly arranged spiral centers forms a characteristic magnetic field structure with a horizontal magnetic vector component not equal to zero after being electrified. The geometric figure includes a closed geometric figure formed by the planar projection of the upper coil layer and the lower coil layer with one end continuously connected and the other end intersected, and an open geometric figure formed by the planar projection of the upper coil layer and the lower coil layer with one end continuously connected and the other end not intersected. The geometric figure includes a polygon, an arc, a combination of a polygon and an arc. The interlayer connection includes vertical connection and connection through a phase shift element. The phase shift element includes a resistor, a capacitor, an inductor, a transistor, a semiconductor diode phase shifter, a ferrite phase shifter, a gallium arsenide MMIC phase shifter, and a MEMS phase shifter. The control of the phase shift element realizes the control of the magnetic field strength and direction. The projection area S1 of the upper coil layer vacancy and the projection area S2 of the lower coil layer vacancy preferably satisfy: 0.618±0.05≤S1 / S2≤1.618±0.05. Figure 56 is a monomer diagram of the Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure. The monomers are arranged and expanded in sequence through interlayer connection D1 between D2. Finally, the Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure is formed, as shown in f of Figure 2 and g of Figure 2 and b1 of Figure 5 . The planar projection of Figure 56 is a hexagon. The first layer is the upper coil layer first end D2 of 3001, and the second layer 3002 is the lower coil layer tail end D1. The projection area S1 of the upper coil layer vacancy and the projection area S2 of the lower coil layer vacancy include the same Figure 2 f and different Figure 2 g. The upper and lower coil layers are tightly connected, or filled with insulating materials, or heat dissipation materials, or heat dissipation pipelines, or magnetic conductive materials.

[0196] The rotating step multi-layer planar spiral structure composed of different layers of each spiral unit, characterized in that each spiral unit is composed of multiple layers, each layer has a section of wire, the layer spacing between adjacent layers is equal, each layer forms a plane, the spiral centers of all spiral units are linearly arranged, the projection of each layer of wire forms a geometric figure, the projection of the first end of the first layer of wire and the tail end of the last layer of wire does not coincide, the tail end of the first layer of wire connects the first end of the next layer of wire in the spiral unit through the layer spacing, the tail end of the next layer of wire in the spiral unit connects the first end of the layer below through the layer spacing, and so on, until the tail end of the last layer of wire connects the first end of the first layer of wire in the next spiral unit through the layer spacing, finally forming a rotating step multi-layer planar spiral structure with linearly arranged spiral centers and a lower part vacancy at one end, and a rotating step multi-layer planar spiral structure with an upper part vacancy at the other end. The rotating step multi-layer planar spiral structure with linearly arranged spiral centers forms a characteristic magnetic field structure with a horizontal magnetic vector component not equal to zero after being energized. The geometric figure includes a closed geometric figure formed by the intersection but not coincidence of the first end of the first layer of wire and the tail end of the last layer of wire, and an open geometric figure formed by the non-intersection of the first end of the first layer of wire and the tail end of the last layer of wire, the projection of the remaining layers of wire being continuously connected, the geometric figure includes polygons, circular arcs, combinations of polygons and circular arcs, the layer spacing connection includes vertical connection and connection through phase shift components, the phase shift components include resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors, semiconductor diode phase shifters, ferrite phase shifters, gallium arsenide MMIC phase shifters, MEMS phase shifters, the control of the phase shift components realizes the control of the magnetic field strength and direction, and the upper part vacancy projection area S3 and the lower part vacancy projection area S4 preferably satisfy: 0.618±0.05≤S3 / S4≤1.618±0.05. Figure 57 is a monomer top view of a rotating step three-layer planar spiral structure, the monomer top view D2 is connected by layer spacing connection wires D1, and is arranged and expanded in turn to form a rotating step three-layer planar spiral structure, Figure 58 is a monomer top view of a rotating step six-layer planar spiral structure, the monomer top view D2 is connected by layer spacing connection wires D1, and is arranged and expanded in turn to form a rotating step six-layer planar spiral structure. The monomer of the rotating step six-layer planar spiral structure is attached Figure 59 is the six layers inside the spiral and the layer spacing connection wires a and b between the layers, where a is the layer spacing connection wire between adjacent layers, and b is the layer spacing connection wire between adjacent layers. Attached Figure 58 is a hexagon in plan view, the first layer 3001 is the intersection of the first end D1 of the upper layer and the sixth layer 3006, which is the tail end D2 of the last layer. Attached Figure 59The planar projection is a hexagon, and the first layer 3001, which is the first end D1 of the upper layer, does not cross the sixth layer 3006, which is the last end D2 of the last layer. The rotating stepped multi-layer planar spiral structure is preferably printed using PCB, FPC, and 3D printing technologies. Each layer is tightly connected, and is filled with insulating materials, heat dissipation materials, heat dissipation pipelines, or magnetic conductive materials to finally form a regular planar spiral structure; among them, the heat dissipation material is preferably a shape memory alloy (SMA) heat pipe structure, and the magnetic conductive material is preferably a magnetic conductive material with a relative magnetic permeability ≥ 100μ0 or a magnetorheological magnetic conductive material with an effective relative magnetic permeability ≥ 100μ0 when the applied electric field strength is 2 - 5 kV / mm.

[0197] For the planar spiral coil with a linear arrangement of the spiral centers, the layer spacing a between adjacent layers of the double-layer planar spiral structure or multi-layer planar spiral structure preferably satisfies:

[0198] When the operating frequency f ≤ 10 kHz, a = (0.8d0 + Δa) ± 0.1 mm;

[0199] When 10 kHz < f ≤ 1 MHz, a = (1.1d0 + Δa) ± 0.05 mm;

[0200] When f > 1 MHz, a = (0.6d0 + Δa) ± 0.03 mm,

[0201] where Δa is the thickness of the composite insulating layer and satisfies 0.05 mm ≤ Δa ≤ 0.2 mm, such as the adjacent layer connection wire a in Figure 59 and Figure 60 the attached. [[ID=二十]]

[0202] Example 1

[0203] As Figure 12 shown is a linear Halbach array planar coil structure unit with a double helix outer diameter of the sub-structure. The Halbach array planar coil structure unit is composed of a planar spiral coil of sub-structure one 101 with a magnetic path vertically downward and a spiral outer diameter equal to that of sub-structure three 301, which is connected to a linear planar spiral coil of sub-structure two 201 with a spiral outer diameter equal and a magnetic horizontal component directed to the right. The spiral center of the planar spiral coil of sub-structure one 101 coincides with the left spiral center position of the planar spiral coil of sub-structure two 201. The right spiral center of the planar spiral coil of sub-structure two 201 is connected to a planar spiral coil of sub-structure three 301 with a magnetic path vertically upward. All sub-structures are connected into a planar coil structure unit in series, parallel, or a series-parallel hybrid connection method, and after being energized, a Halbach permanent magnet array magnetic field structure is formed.

[0204] Example 2

[0205] As Figure 13The diagram shows an arc-shaped Helbeck array planar coil structure unit with equal spiral outer diameter in substructure two. The difference between the Helbeck array planar coil structure unit and Embodiment 1 is that substructure two 202 is an arc-shaped planar coil structure unit with equal spiral outer diameter.

[0206] Example 3

[0207] like Figure 14 The diagram shows a linear Helbeck array planar coil structure unit with a decreasing outer diameter of the spiral in substructure two. The difference between the Helbeck array planar coil structure unit and Embodiment 1 is that substructure two 203 is a linear planar coil structure unit with a decreasing outer diameter of the spiral, substructure one 102 is a planar coil structure unit with a vertically upward magnetic circuit, and substructure three 302 is a planar coil structure unit with a vertically downward magnetic circuit. Furthermore, the outer diameter of the spiral in substructure one 102 is larger than the outer diameter of the spiral in substructure three 302.

[0208] Example 4

[0209] like Figure 15 The diagram shows an arc-shaped Helbeck array planar coil structure unit with a decreasing outer diameter of the spiral in substructure two. The difference between the Helbeck array planar coil structure unit and Embodiment 1 is that substructure two 204 is an arc-shaped planar coil structure unit with a decreasing outer diameter of the spiral, substructure one 103 is a planar coil structure unit with a vertically downward magnetic circuit, and substructure three 303 is a planar coil structure unit with a vertically upward magnetic circuit. Furthermore, the outer diameter of the spiral in substructure one 103 is larger than the outer diameter of the spiral in substructure three 303.

[0210] Example 5

[0211] like Figure 16 The diagram shows a linear Halbec array planar coil structure unit with an external coil extension structure substructure two. The difference between the Halbec array planar coil structure unit and Embodiment 1 is that an external coil extension structure substructure two 401 planar spiral coil is connected at the spiral center of substructure three 301 planar spiral coil. Substructure two 201 and coil extension structure substructure two 401 are connected at the same magnetic end.

[0212] Example 6

[0213] like Figure 17 The diagram shows an arc-shaped Hellbeck array planar coil structure unit with two externally connected coil extension substructures. The difference between the Hellbeck array planar coil structure unit and Embodiment 2 is that one externally connected coil extension substructure 202 planar spiral coil is connected to the spiral center of the planar spiral coils of substructure 101 and substructure 301 respectively. Substructure 202 and the two coil extension substructures 202 are connected at the same magnetic end.

[0214] Example 7

[0215] As Figure 18 The linear Halbach array planar coil structure unit circumscribed by 5 coil extension structure substructures two is shown in FIG. 8. The difference between the linear Halbach array planar coil structure unit and the embodiment 3 is that the substructure one 102 planar spiral coil is circumscribed by 2 coil extension structure substructures two 403 planar spiral coils at the spiral center, the 2 coil extension structure substructures two 403 are arranged in central symmetry with the substructure two 203 planar spiral coil and connected to the same magnetic end, the substructure three 302 planar spiral coil is circumscribed by 3 coil extension structure substructures two 403 planar spiral coils at the spiral center, the 3 coil extension structure substructures two 403 are arranged in central symmetry with the substructure two 203 planar spiral coil and connected to the same magnetic end.

[0216] Embodiment 8

[0217] As Figure 19 The arc-shaped Halbach array planar coil structure unit circumscribed by 6 coil extension structure substructures two is shown in FIG. 9. The difference between the arc-shaped Halbach array planar coil structure unit and the embodiment 4 is that the substructure one 103 planar spiral coil is circumscribed by 4 coil extension structure substructures two 404 planar spiral coils at the spiral center, the 4 coil extension structure substructures two 404 are arranged in central symmetry with the substructure two 204 planar spiral coil and connected to the same magnetic end, the substructure three 303 planar spiral coil is circumscribed by 2 coil extension structure substructures two 404 planar spiral coils at the spiral center, the 2 coil extension structure substructures two 404 are arranged in central symmetry with the substructure two 204 planar spiral coil and connected to the same magnetic end. The substructure two 204 in this embodiment can also be replaced by the substructure two 201, the substructure two 202, or the substructure two 203, and the substructure one 103 and the substructure three 303 can also be replaced by coils with equal spiral outer diameters, and the spiral outer diameters of all substructures can be equal.

[0218] Embodiment 9

[0219] As Figure 20 The linear Halbach array planar coil structure combination is shown in FIG. 10. Four linear Halbach array planar coil structure units generated by the embodiment 5 are connected to the same magnetic end to form a line, and after being energized, a linear Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field can be formed, which can be applied to linear motors and electromagnetic acceleration systems.

[0220] Embodiment 10

[0221] As Figure 21The diagram shows a linear alternating magnetic flux density Halebeck array planar coil structure, composed of seven substructures from Embodiment 3. These substructures, consisting of 203 spiral outer diameter gradient units connected in a straight line with their magnetic ends, form a linear alternating magnetic flux density Halebeck permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field when energized. This structure can be applied to linear motors and electromagnetic acceleration systems. Compared to the electromagnetic acceleration structure formed in Embodiment 9, this structure can generate greater acceleration in areas with high magnetic flux density. In practical implementation, unnecessary duplicate coils at magnetic pole positions can be removed as needed to improve the overall uniformity of the coils.

[0222] Example 11

[0223] like Figure 22 The diagram shows a circular Helbeck array planar coil structure composed of six substructures (202, etc.) with equal spiral outer diameters, formed by connecting magnetic ends to create a ring. When energized, this ring generates an axial flux Helbeck permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field. This characteristic magnetic field exhibits a higher sinusoidal distribution characteristic and can be applied to axial flux motors, electromagnetic bearings, and electromagnetic heating systems. In practical implementation, unnecessary duplicate coils at magnetic pole positions can be removed as needed to improve the overall uniformity of the coils.

[0224] Example 12

[0225] like Figure 23 The diagram shows a mesh-like Hellbeck array planar coil structure assembly. This assembly comprises 15 substructure 204 units from Embodiment 4, each with a gradually decreasing spiral outer diameter, connected to magnetic ends to form a mesh-like Hellbeck array planar coil structure assembly. This assembly can form three alternating magnetic flux density Hellbeck array magnetic ring units 500. When energized, the mesh-like Hellbeck array planar coil structure assembly can form a characteristic magnetic field of a planar Hellbeck permanent magnet array, applicable to magnetic levitation and planar motor systems. Substructure 201 can be replaced by substructures 202, 203, and 204, and structures 101 and 301 can be replaced with coils of equal spiral outer diameter. In specific implementations, unnecessary duplicate coils at magnetic pole positions can be removed as needed to improve the overall uniformity of the coils.

[0226] Example 13

[0227] like Figure 24As shown, the strong magnetic point Halbach array planar coil structure combination is composed of 10 linear Halbach array planar coil structure units of the same helix outer diameter generated by substructure two 201 of embodiment 1, which are arranged in a symmetrical manner with the helix center of substructure three 301 as the center and connected to the same magnetic end to form a strong magnetic point coil structure unit combination. The substructure two 201 of the coil combination can also be replaced by substructure two 202, substructure two 203, and substructure two 204, and the helix outer diameters of all substructures can be equal. Structure one 101 and substructure three 301 can also be replaced by coils with unequal helix outer diameters. The strong magnetic point Halbach array planar coil structure combination can be applied to electromagnetic heating and wireless power transmission systems. In the specific implementation process, unnecessary repeated coils at the magnetic pole position can be removed according to the implementation needs to improve the overall uniformity of the coil.

[0228] Embodiment 14

[0229] As shown, the minimum internal magnetic field Halbach array planar coil structure combination is formed by bending the linear Halbach array planar coil structure units of the same helix outer diameter generated by substructure two of embodiment 1 into a circular ring, and connecting the unconnected end of the coil expansion structure substructure two 401 to the substructure one 101 inside the ring. The helix centers of substructure one 101 and substructure three 301 are opposite, and a minimum internal magnetic field can be formed after energization.

[0230] As shown, Figure 25 The minimum internal magnetic field can also be formed by bending the linear Halbach array planar coil structure units of the same helix outer diameter generated by substructure two of embodiment 1 into a circular ring with the same magnetic end connected. The helix centers of substructure one 101 and substructure three 301 are opposite. In the figure, substructure three 301 is bent and turned over by 180°, and the original upward magnetic path becomes a downward magnetic path, which is connected in sequence with the downward magnetic path of substructure one 101. The downward magnetic path of substructure one 101 is guided by the curved upward magnetic path of substructure two 201 on both sides, and the magnetic path of substructure one 101 is transmitted upward along the sidewall of substructure two 201 to substructure three 301, thereby forming an internal magnetic path circulation. The minimum internal magnetic field Halbach array planar coil structure combination forms a magnetic pole position located at the helix center of structure one 101 and substructure three 301 after energization.

[0231] The minimum internal magnetic field Halbach array planar coil structure combination generated by this embodiment can form a characteristic internal magnetic field external shielding structure after energization, which can be applied to wireless power transmission and has the characteristics of high transmission efficiency and low leakage inductance.

[0232] In addition, it should be noted that the minimum internal magnetic field Halbach array planar coil structure combination generated by the two methods of this embodiment has an internal magnetic shielding feature when the magnetic pole surface is located outside the ring.

[0233] Embodiment 15

[0234] Example 15 is a radial flux Halbach array planar coil structure combination, which is formed by bending the linear Halbach array planar coil structure combination of Example 9 into a circular ring with the ends connected to each other, and the pole faces are located inside or outside the ring, which can be applied to a radial flux motor.

[0235] Example 16

[0236] As shown in Figure 26 is a planar alternating polarity Halbach array planar coil structure combination, which is formed by 12 linear Halbach array planar coil structure combinations of Example 9 into a square structure coil combination, and after energization, a planar alternating polarity Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field is formed, which can be applied to a planar acceleration system. The substructure two 202, substructure two 203, and substructure two 204 can also replace the substructure one 101 and the substructure three 301 can also be replaced by coils with unequal spiral outer diameters.

[0237] Example 17

[0238] Example 17 is a cylindrical Halbach array planar coil structure combination, which is formed by bending the planar alternating polarity Halbach array planar coil structure combination of Example 16 in the direction of all substructure one 101 into a cylinder, which can form a coil combination structure with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface and the magnetic path direction being axial, which can be applied to a cylindrical acceleration system. This embodiment can also be adjusted by adjusting the spiral outer diameter of each substructure one to bend the planar alternating polarity Halbach array planar coil structure combination in the direction of all substructure one 101 into a conical shape.

[0239] The planar alternating polarity Halbach array planar coil structure combination of Example 16 is bent in the direction of substructure one 101 and coil expansion structure substructure two 401 into a cylinder, which can form a coil combination structure with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface and the magnetic path direction being radial, which can be applied to an electromagnetic bearing system. The coil combination structure with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface and the magnetic path direction being radial produced by this embodiment can also form an internal uniform magnetic field under specific setting conditions, which can be applied to a nuclear magnetic resonance system.

[0240] Example 18

[0241] As shown in Figure 27The shown is a meshed Halbach array planar coil structure combination, four linear Halbach array planar coil structure combinations produced by example 10 are arranged in four rows in opposite directions and parallel to each other, and the twenty-four coil expansion substructures two 403 and substructures two 203 are connected to the same magnetic end to form a meshed Halbach array planar coil structure combination, which forms a planar alternating magnetic flux density Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field after being energized, and can be applied to planar motors and magnetic suspension systems. The substructure two 203 of this embodiment can also be replaced by substructure two 201, substructure two 202, and substructure two 204, and the structure one 102 and the substructure three 302 can also be replaced by coils with equal spiral outer diameters, and all substructures can also have equal spiral outer diameters. The meshed Halbach array planar coil structure combination produced by this embodiment can also be bent and wound into a cylindrical shape, with the magnetic pole surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface, and can be applied to electromagnetic bearing systems. The cylindrical coil structure combination with the magnetic pole surface located on the inner surface can form an internal uniform magnetic field under certain conditions, and can be applied to nuclear magnetic resonance systems.

[0242] Example 19

[0243] Example 19 is a truncated icosahedron Halbach array planar coil structure combination. The truncated icosahedron is a 32-polyhedron, including 20 regular hexagons and 12 regular pentagons, as shown in Figure 28 The shown is a polyhedron development diagram after connecting Halbach array planar coil structure units. The truncated icosahedron Halbach array planar coil structure combination is composed of 72 substructure two 201 linear Halbach array planar coil structure units with equal spiral outer diameters produced by example 1 arranged on the edges and connected to the same magnetic end. The structure one 101 and the substructure three 301 are located at the vertices of the polyhedron. The magnetic polarities of the vertices at the two ends of the same edge of the planar coil structure unit are opposite. When the magnetic polarities of the vertices at the two ends of the same edge are the same, the edge is not provided with a planar coil structure unit. The truncated icosahedron Halbach array planar coil structure combination forms a polyhedron Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with the magnetic pole surface inside or outside after being energized. The polyhedron Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with the magnetic pole surface inside can form a polyhedron Halbach permanent magnet array internal uniform magnetic field under certain conditions. Unnecessary repeated coils are removed in the specific implementation process. The polyhedron Halbach array planar coil structure unit combination produced by this embodiment with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface or the outer surface can be applied to spherical motor systems, and the internal uniform magnetic field produced by the polyhedron Halbach array planar coil structure unit combination with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface can be applied to nuclear magnetic resonance coil systems. The substructure two 201 of this embodiment can also be replaced by substructure two 202, substructure two 203, and substructure two 204, and the structure one 101 and the substructure three 301 can also be replaced by coils with unequal spiral outer diameters. Although the regular pentagons and regular hexagons are not seamlessly connected in the development diagram, after the development diagram is connected into a truncated icosahedron according to the proximity of the regular polygons, all the regular pentagons and regular hexagons will be seamlessly connected.

[0244] Example 20

[0245] Example 20 is truncated icosahedron Halbach array planar coil structure combination, truncated icosahedron is 32-polyhedron, 20 regular hexagons, 12 regular pentagons, as Figure 29 is the unfolded view of the polyhedron after connecting the Halbach array planar coil structure units, the truncated icosahedron Halbach array planar coil structure combination is formed by 60 substructure two 204 helical outer diameter gradient reduced arc planar coil structure units combined with the magnetic end connection combination of example 4, the helical center of all planar coil structure unit substructure one 103 is located at the center of the regular hexagonal face, the helical center of all planar coil structure unit substructure three 303 is located at the center of the regular pentagonal face, the adjacent faces of the planar coil structure units are connected with opposite magnetic polarity, the adjacent faces with the same magnetic polarity are not provided with cross-face planar coil structure units, the truncated icosahedron Halbach array planar coil structure combination formed by the connection forms a polyhedron Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with the magnetic pole face located on the inner surface or the outer surface after energization, the polyhedron Halbach permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with the magnetic pole face inside can form a uniform magnetic field inside the polyhedron Halbach permanent magnet array under certain conditions. The magnetic face located on the inner surface or the outer surface of the polyhedron Halbach array planar coil structure unit combination produced by this embodiment can be applied to a spherical motor system, and the internal uniform magnetic field produced by the magnetic face located on the inner surface of the polyhedron Halbach array planar coil structure unit combination can be applied to a nuclear magnetic resonance coil system. The substructure two 204 of this embodiment can also be replaced by substructure two 201, substructure two 202 and substructure two 203, and the structure one 103 and the substructure three 303 can also be replaced by coils with equal helical outer diameters. Although the regular pentagons and the regular hexagons are not seamlessly connected in the unfolded view, the helical center of the substructure one 103 at the center of the regular hexagonal face does not coincide, but after the unfolded view is connected into a truncated icosahedron according to the adjacent edges of the regular polygon, all the regular pentagons and the regular hexagons will be seamlessly connected, and all the helical centers of the substructure one 103 will coincide at the center of the regular hexagonal face.

[0246] Example 21

[0247] As shown in the accompanying Figure 30The diagram shows the simplest Heilbeck array coil structure unit consisting of four coils. It comprises a substructure 101, a substructure 301, and a substructure 2 with two spirals of equal outer diameter (1010 = 1011) whose centers are arranged in a straight line (1004). The spiral centers 1003 of substructure 101 and substructure 301 are located at the endpoint of the line 1004 connecting the spiral centers of substructure 205. All spiral centers 1003 of substructure 101, substructure 2, and substructure 301 are located on the same straight line. This coil structure unit can be self-connected and expanded through the unconnected ends of substructure 101 and substructure 205, where substructure 2 includes substructure 205 and substructure 201.

[0248] Example 22

[0249] As attached Figure 32 As shown, a coil structure unit is composed of a substructure 101 and a substructure 301, and two substructures 2 with spiral centers arranged in a straight line 1004 with increasing or decreasing spiral outer diameter gradients (1011 > 1010). The spiral centers 1003 of substructure 101 and substructure 301 are located on the extension line 1004 connecting the spiral centers of substructure 2. All spiral centers 1003 of substructure 101, substructure 2, and substructure 301 are connected in a straight line. Among them, the two substructures 2 can be a straight-line planar spiral coil 206 with a horizontal magnetic component of decreasing spiral outer diameter gradient pointing to the left and a straight-line planar spiral coil 203 with a horizontal magnetic component of decreasing spiral outer diameter gradient pointing to the right.

[0250] Example 23

[0251] As attached Figure 33 As shown, a coil structure unit is composed of a substructure 101 and a substructure 301, and a substructure 2 with two spiral centers arranged in an arc shape with equal outer diameters of 1010 = 1011. The spiral center 1003 of substructure 301 is located at the center of symmetry formed by the symmetrical arrangement of substructure 2 with the same magnetic ends. All spiral centers 1003 of substructure 101, substructure 2, and substructure 301 are connected to form an arc. Substructure 22 can be an arc-shaped planar spiral coil 202 with equal outer diameters and a leftward magnetic horizontal component, or an arc-shaped planar spiral coil 207 with equal outer diameters and a rightward magnetic horizontal component.

[0252] Example 24

[0253] As attached Figure 31The diagram shows a Heilbeck array coil structure unit composed of multiple coils. The coil structure unit consists of four substructures 301, one substructure 101, and six substructures 2. One of the substructures 301 is located at the center of symmetry formed by three substructures 2 with the same magnetic ends symmetrically arranged. The substructure 101 is located at the center of symmetry formed by four substructures 2 with the same magnetic ends symmetrically arranged. The other two substructures 2 connected to substructure 301 have unconnected extension interfaces. They can be extended here using a coil extension structure containing substructure 101. When extending, the position of the spiral center of substructure 301 and substructure 2 and the distance between the spiral centers should be taken into account to ensure overall symmetry. The three peripheral substructures 301 connected to substructure 101 can be used as extension interfaces. They can be extended using a coil extension structure containing substructure 2. When extending, the position of the spiral center of substructure 301 and substructure 2 and the distance between the spiral centers should be taken into account to ensure overall symmetry. The six substructures 2 are composed of a straight planar spiral coil 201 with a right-handed magnetic horizontal component and a straight planar spiral coil 205 with a left-handed magnetic horizontal component and an equal spiral outer diameter.

[0254] Example 25

[0255] As attached Figure 34 As shown, a coil structure unit is composed of a substructure 101 and a substructure 301, and a substructure 2 with five spiral centers arranged in an arc shape with an increasing or decreasing outer diameter gradient of 1011 > 1010. The spiral centers 1003 of substructure 101 and substructure 301 are located at the center surrounded by substructure 2 arranged symmetrically at the same magnetic end. The spiral centers 1003 of substructure 101, substructure 2, and substructure 301 are not on the same arc. Substructure 2 includes two types: an arc-shaped substructure 2 planar spiral coil 204 with a decreasing outer diameter gradient and a rightward magnetic horizontal component, and an arc-shaped substructure 2 planar spiral coil 208 with a decreasing outer diameter gradient and a leftward magnetic horizontal component.

[0256] Example 26

[0257] As attached Figure 35 As shown, a coil structure unit consisting of a substructure 101, a substructure 301, and four substructures 2 is provided. The two substructures 2 with opposite magnetic ends are connected between substructure 101 and substructure 301. Substructure 2 includes a straight planar spiral coil 201 with equal outer diameter and a magnetic horizontal component pointing to the right, and a straight planar spiral coil 205 with equal outer diameter and a magnetic horizontal component pointing to the left.

[0258] Example 27

[0259] As attached Figure 36As shown, one substructure one 101 and one substructure three 301 and twelve substructure two 201 form a coil structure unit, two substructure two 201 are connected between substructure one 101 and substructure three 301, and five outer substructure two 201 have unconnected ends.

[0260] Embodiment 28

[0261] As shown in the accompanying Figure 37 As shown, six substructure one 101 and two substructure three 301 and twelve substructure two 2 form a coil structure unit, five outer substructure two 2 have unconnected ends; wherein substructure two 2 includes linear substructure two planar spiral coil 203 with magnetic horizontal component to the right and linear substructure two planar spiral coil 209 with magnetic horizontal component to the left.

[0262] Embodiment 29

[0263] As shown in the accompanying Figure 38 As shown, the linear Halbach array coil structure unit combination diagram is formed by four structures shown in the accompanying Figure 30 As shown in the accompanying Figure 2 As shown in the accompanying Figure 2 As shown in the accompanying

[0264] Embodiment 30

[0265] As shown in the accompanying Figure 39 As shown, the three-layer linear closed loop (circular) Halbach array coil structure unit combination is formed by three structures shown in the accompanying Figure 33 As shown, the three-layer linear closed loop (circular) Halbach array coil structure unit combination is formed by three structures shown in the accompanying Figure 5 As shown, the three-layer linear closed loop (circular) Halbach array coil structure unit combination is formed by three structures shown in the accompanying Figure 54 In substructure two 2, a material filling layer is added in the middle to improve the corresponding insulation performance, heat dissipation performance, magnetic conductivity performance and coil structure regularity of the coil structure unit combination. In addition, in this embodiment, the material filling layer can be arranged on the upper layer or lower layer of the coil laid flat, and the setting position is preferably located at the back magnetic surface (weak magnetic surface). In this embodiment, substructure two 2 can also replace the layer of the accompanying Figure 2The structure in Figure f forms a characteristic magnetic field of a hexagonal Hellbeck array with the corresponding magnetic surface located on the upper or lower surface of the coil.

[0266] Example 31

[0267] As attached Figure 40 As shown, it consists of six appendices arranged in a regular hexagonal pattern. Figure 1 The coil structure unit and the six attachments arranged in a regular hexagon in Figure b. Figure 4 The coil structure unit is a four-layer linear closed-loop Hellbeck array coil structure unit combination formed by stacking coil structure units with different projection points staggered by 30° between layers, attached. Figure 1 Figure b and appendix Figure 4 Both are double-layer coil structures consisting of an upper coil 1005 and a lower coil 1006 with opposite spiral directions; the large diagram shows the coil structure unit layered as a first layer 3001, a second layer 3002, a third layer 3003, and a fourth layer 3004. The small diagram in the lower right corner is a simplified diagram of the magnetic direction of the coil combination.

[0268] Example 32

[0269] like Figure 41 The image shown is composed of an appendix Figure 34 The coil structure unit shown, along with six coil extension substructure 1, ten coil extension substructure 2, and five coil extension substructure 3, are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner to form a mesh-like three-ring coil structure unit combination. This structure forms three hexagonal magnetic rings. In this structure, only substructure 1 and substructure 3, which connect two substructures 2, can be used as extension points. Substructure 2 can be used to continue the extension, forming more hexagonal magnetic rings.

[0270] Example 33

[0271] As attached Figure 42 The diagram shown is a simplified magnetic orientation diagram of a mesh-like Hellbeck array coil structure unit combination formed by arranging or stacking multiple substructures 1, 2, and 3 according to the above coil position requirements. This coil structure unit combination, when energized, can be applied to a magnetic levitation system. In this embodiment, substructure 2 in the coil structure unit combination can adopt an additional... Figure 2 Figure e in the appendix Figure 2 g-graph in the appendix Figure 5 Replace the structure of diagram a1 in the diagram.

[0272] Example 34

[0273] As attached Figure 43 and Figure 44 As shown, it consists of a single-layer hexagonal substructure 1 (coil), five double-layer substructures 2, and a single-layer substructure 3, according to the attached diagram. Figure 50The double-layer coil structure unit is composed of the laminated substructure one 1 and the laminated substructure three 3, and the spiral center 1003 of the substructure one 1 and the spiral center 1003 of the substructure three 3 are located in the center surrounded by the three substructure twos 2 arranged in the center symmetry of the same magnetic end, wherein the substructure two 2 is the attached Figure 2 The double-layer coil structure unit is composed of the laminated substructure one 1 and the laminated substructure three 3, and the spiral center 1003 of the substructure one 1 and the spiral center 1003 of the substructure three 3 are located in the center surrounded by the three substructure twos 2 arranged in the center symmetry of the same magnetic end, wherein the substructure two 2 is the attached Figure 44 As shown in the figure, R1 is the spiral outer diameter of the concentric plane spiral coil; R2 is the shortest distance between the end point of the connecting line of the spiral center of the concentric plane spiral coil and the spiral center of the substructure two 2002; d1 is the length of the connecting line of the spiral center of the substructure two; d2 is the length of the connecting line of the spiral center of the substructure one and the spiral center of the substructure three; wherein the shortest distance R2 between the end point of the connecting line or the fitting line of the connecting line of the spiral center of the concentric plane spiral coil and the spiral center of the substructure two arranged in the center symmetry of the same magnetic end or the center symmetry preferably satisfies: R2 < (1.618 ± 0.05) R1, and R1 is the spiral outer diameter of the concentric plane spiral coil. As shown in the figure, R2 < (1.618 ± 0.05) R1; when the spiral center of the concentric plane spiral coil is not at the end point of the connecting line or the fitting line of the connecting line of the spiral center of the substructure two connected to one or more different magnetic ends, the ratio of the length of the connecting line or the fitting line of the connecting line of the spiral center of the substructure two connected to the same one or more different magnetic ends to the length of the connecting line of the magnetic circuit of the spiral center of the substructure one and the spiral center of the substructure three preferably satisfies 0.618 ± 5%, as shown in the figure, 0.568 ≤ d1 / d2 ≤ 0.668. Figure 44 Figure 43

[0274] Example 35

[0275] As shown in the figure, the double-layer coil structure unit is composed of a coil structure unit with the substructure one 101 as the bottom and the two sides of the substructure one 101 being wound to form a circular ring-shaped three-dimensional coil structure unit combination, the vertical magnetic direction of the substructure three 301 after being wound by 180 degrees is consistent with the vertical magnetic direction of the substructure one 101, the substructure two 201 transmits the magnetic circuit of the substructure one 101 to the substructure three 301, and the substructure three 301 transmits the magnetic circuit downward to the substructure one 101 to form a magnetic circuit circulation, and the lower right corner of the figure shows the unwound coil structure. The structure can form a uniform internal magnetic field and can also be applied to radial wireless power transmission, significantly reducing magnetic leakage and improving power transmission efficiency. Figure 62 Figure 30 As shown in the figure, the double-layer coil structure unit is composed of a coil structure unit with the substructure one 101 as the bottom and the two sides of the substructure one 101 being wound to form a circular ring-shaped three-dimensional coil structure unit combination, the vertical magnetic direction of the substructure three 301 after being wound by 180 degrees is consistent with the vertical magnetic direction of the substructure one 101, the substructure two 201 transmits the magnetic circuit of the substructure one 101 to the substructure three 301, and the substructure three 301 transmits the magnetic circuit downward to the substructure one 101 to form a magnetic circuit circulation, and the lower right corner of the figure shows the unwound coil structure. The structure can form a uniform internal magnetic field and can also be applied to radial wireless power transmission, significantly reducing magnetic leakage and improving power transmission efficiency.

[0276] Example 36

[0277] As shown in the figure, the double-layer coil structure unit is composed of a coil structure unit with the substructure one 101 as the bottom and the two sides of the substructure one 101 being wound to form a circular ring-shaped three-dimensional coil structure unit combination, the vertical magnetic direction of the substructure three 301 after being wound by 180 degrees is consistent with the vertical magnetic direction of the substructure one 101, the substructure two 201 transmits the magnetic circuit of the substructure one 101 to the substructure three 301, and the substructure three 301 transmits the magnetic circuit downward to the substructure one 101 to form a magnetic circuit circulation, and the lower right corner of the figure shows the unwound coil structure. The structure can form a uniform internal magnetic field and can also be applied to radial wireless power transmission, significantly reducing magnetic leakage and improving power transmission efficiency. Figure 45 ​​​As shown in the large diagram, the coil structure unit in the lower right corner is used as the array object, with the center of a regular dodecagon as the array center. The array forms a coil structure combination. AB is the side of the regular dodecagon, and CD is the line connecting the spiral centers of the array object coil structure units. CD is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. AB is the tangent point of the outer diameter of the spiral of two adjacent substructure 3. All 12 coil structure units are bent inward into a ring, with the two points CD coinciding, forming a ring-shaped coil structure combination similar to a lifebuoy. Substructure 1 is wound 180 degrees and its vertical magnetic direction is consistent with substructure 3. Substructure 2 transmits the magnetic circuit of substructure 3 to substructure 1. Substructure 1 then transmits the magnetic circuit downward to substructure 3, forming a loop. The magnetic field is located inside the ring. The spiral center of substructure 1 points to the spiral center of substructure 3. The spiral centers of substructure 1, substructure 3, and the center of the ring are all in a straight line. In this coil structure combination, substructure 2 of the array coil structure unit is replaced with an attached... Figure 5 In the structure of diagram a1, the spiral centers of substructure 1, substructure 3, and the toroidal center are not on the same straight line.

[0278] Example 37

[0279] like Figure 63 The diagram shows the unfolded composition of a soccer ball-shaped Hellbeck array coil structure unit, which is formed by arranging or stacking 24 substructures (1), 72 substructures (2), and 36 substructures (3) according to the coil position requirements. The soccer ball-shaped Hellbeck array coil structure unit is a truncated icosahedron with a total of 32 faces, including 20 regular hexagons and 12 regular pentagons. After gluing the sides together, a soccer ball is formed. After laying the coil structure units, an internal surface magnetic field, an internal magnetic field, or an external surface magnetic field can be formed.

[0280] Example 38

[0281] As attached Figure 38 As shown, multiple attachments Figure 38 The coil structure unit is stacked according to the coil surface to form a multi-layer coil structure unit combination. The magnetic ends of the layers correspond to each other, which further enhances the magnetic field strength on the upper or lower surface of the coil stack. Material filling layers can be added between the layers to improve the corresponding insulation performance, heat dissipation performance and magnetic permeability of the coil structure unit combination.

[0282] Example 39

[0283] As attached Figure 38 As shown, the attached Figure 38The coil structure unit combination shown is self-connected end-to-end to form a 360° circular coil structure unit combination. Circular coil structure unit combinations with different inner diameter specifications are customized and nested together, with corresponding magnetic ends between layers, forming a magnetic field where the magnetic surface is located inside or outside the ring. Using a single circular coil combination or nested circular coil combination with the magnetic surface located inside or outside the ring as a winding, and paired with a permanent magnet rotor, a radial flux motor / generator can be formed. Frameless motors formed using circular coil combinations with the magnetic surface located inside or outside the ring have a thinner coil winding structure. Circular coil combinations with the magnetic surface located inside or outside the ring can also be used as magnetic levitation bearing windings. Material filler layers can be added between layers to improve the insulation performance, heat dissipation performance, and magnetic permeability of the coil structure unit combination.

[0284] Example 40

[0285] As attached Figure 42 As shown, the attached Figure 42 The coil structure unit shown is bent and wound into a cylindrical body, self-connecting to form a closed loop, with the magnetic surface located inside or outside the cylinder. Using the coil structure unit combination with the magnetic surface located inside or outside the cylinder as the winding, and matching it with a permanent magnet rotor, a radial flux motor / generator can be formed.

[0286] Example 41

[0287] like Figure 46 As shown, it consists of 6 attachments Figure 1 Figure a and 6 appendices Figure 3 The single-layer Hellbeck array planar coil structure unit is shown in the small diagram in the lower left corner, which is a simplified schematic diagram of the magnetic direction of the coil combination.

[0288] Example 42

[0289] A simplified diagram of at least one magnetic direction is attached. Figure 6 The structure of diagram a, with its vertical magnetic circuit and downward substructure 1, includes at least two schematic diagrams of magnetic directions. Figure 7 Figure a shows a substructure with equal spiral diameters, or a substructure with an appendix. Figure 7 Figure b shows a substructure with an increased or decreased spiral diameter, or a substructure 2 or appendix. Figure 8 Figure a shows an arc-shaped substructure with equal spiral diameters, or an appendage. Figure 8 The diagram in Figure b shows a substructure with an increased or decreased spiral diameter, and at least one schematic diagram of the magnetic direction. Figure 6 The vertical magnetic circuit shown in Figure b is a substructure that forms a straight, broken, or arc-shaped coil structure unit combination arranged or stacked according to the coil position requirements described above. After being energized, it can be applied to straight, broken, or arc-shaped electromagnetic rails.

[0290] Example 43

[0291] The at least one magnetic direction schematic diagram is attached to the structure of a figure in Figure 6 The at least one magnetic direction schematic diagram is attached to the structure of a figure in Figure 7 The at least one magnetic direction schematic diagram is attached to the structure of a figure in Figure 7 The at least one magnetic direction schematic diagram is attached to the structure of a figure in Figure 8 The at least one magnetic direction schematic diagram is attached to the structure of a figure in Figure 8 The at least one magnetic direction schematic diagram is attached to the structure of a figure in Figure 6 The at least one magnetic direction schematic diagram is attached to the structure of a figure in

[0292] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used for the convenience of describing the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0293] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application as defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit, characterized in that: include Substructure 1, Substructure 2, Substructure 3: Three types of substructures; Among them, substructure one and substructure three, after being energized, are concentric planar spiral coils with opposite magnetic circuits in the vertical direction. Substructure two, after being energized, is a planar spiral coil with a horizontal component in the magnetic direction, arranged in a linear pattern at the spiral center. The linear arrangement of the spiral centers in substructure two includes the spiral center line, or the fitting line of the spiral center line forming a straight line or an arc. All spirals in substructure two have the same or different outer diameters. The coil layering of substructure one, substructure two, and substructure three includes single-layer planar spiral structure, double-layer planar spiral structure, and multi-layer planar spiral structure. The coil positions of substructure 1, substructure 2, and substructure 3 are arranged as follows: The helix centers of substructure one and substructure three are located at both ends of the line connecting the helix centers of the coils of substructure two. Two or more substructure two are arranged symmetrically or centrally symmetrically with the concentric plane helix centers of substructure one or substructure three as the center; or the helix centers of substructure one and substructure three are respectively located at the two extremes of the horizontal magnetic circuit formed by one or more substructure two, and two or more substructure two are arranged with opposite magnetic ends between the two extremes of the horizontal magnetic circuit formed by multiple substructure two. The coils are arranged or stacked in a planar manner, including: 1) Substructure 1, Substructure 2, Substructure 3 are single-layer planar spiral structures or double-layer planar spiral structures, arranged in a plane; 2) Substructure one or substructure three helixes of a double-layer planar spiral structure or a multi-layer planar spiral structure are stacked in a plane by different projection points of the endpoints of the line or fitting line connecting the center of the spiral of substructure two. 3) The substructures of single-layer planar spiral structures, double-layer planar spiral structures, and multi-layer planar spiral structures are stacked in a plane by different projection points of the endpoints of the lines connecting the centers of the first or third spiral of the substructure and the center of the second spiral of the substructure. 4) The endpoints of the line connecting the center of the first or third substructure of a single-layer planar spiral structure, a double-layer planar spiral structure, or a multi-layer planar spiral structure to the center of the second substructure spiral are stacked on the same projection point to form a plane. 5) The single-layer planar spiral structure, double-layer planar spiral structure, and multi-layer planar spiral structure are combined with the spiral center of substructure one or substructure three and the spiral center of substructure two. The endpoints of the line or fitting line are the same as the projection point. The material filling layer is stacked and combined to form a plane. The structure and magnetic field characteristics of coil units: One or more substructures (substructure 1, substructure 2, and substructure 3) of planar spiral coils are arranged according to their coil positions, or stacked in a planar manner to form a planar or two-layer thin structure. All substructures are connected in series, parallel, or a mixed series-parallel connection to form a Helbeck array coil structure unit. After being energized, it forms the characteristic magnetic field of a Helbeck permanent magnet array. The spiral centers of substructure 1 and substructure 3 are the north and south poles of the coil structure unit, respectively. The north and south poles of substructure 2 are connected to substructure 1 and substructure 3 to form a magnetic circuit. The magnetic polarity of the unconnected end of substructure 2 is opposite to that of the connected end. The shape of the connecting line between the spiral centers of the planar coil structure unit includes a straight line, an arc, or a mesh. The coil structure unit connection and expansion methods include: According to the coil position arrangement, coil arrangement or stacking into a plane, it is extended through its own structure or coil extension structure; The coil structure unit combination includes linear and mesh planar coil structure unit combinations formed by connecting and extending its own structure or by connecting and extending the coil extension structure; planar coil structure unit combinations formed by coil structure unit arrays or nesting; and three-dimensional coil structure unit combinations formed by bending, folding, winding, nesting or stacking coil structure units. The magnetic field characteristics of the coil structure unit combination mentioned above include: a) Planar linear and surface characteristic magnetic fields: linear, polygonal, circular, annular, arc-shaped, elliptical, polygonal, and mesh-like planar Heilbeck permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic fields located on the upper or lower surface of the coil; b) Characteristic magnetic field of three-dimensional structure: characteristic magnetic field of Hellbeck permanent magnet array with magnetic surface located on the inner or outer surface, inside or outside of the coil; characteristic magnetic field of Hellbeck permanent magnet array with magnetic surface located on the upper or lower surface of the coil stack; characteristic magnetic field of Hellbeck permanent magnet array with magnetic surface located inside the coil includes uniform magnetic field. Insulating materials, heat dissipation materials, heat dissipation pipelines, or magnetic materials are layered or filled above or below the coil structure unit and its combination or between layers to improve the corresponding insulation performance, heat dissipation performance, magnetic permeability performance and coil structure regularity of the coil structure unit; The coil structure units and their combinations are fabricated using the printed circuit board method or the planar coil splicing method.

2. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the coil position arrangement, the center position of substructure one or substructure three helices includes the endpoint of the line connecting the centers of substructure two helices or the fitting line of the line connecting the centers of one or more opposite magnetic ends, or its extension, or the center enclosed by two or more substructure twos arranged symmetrically or centrally with the same magnetic ends.

3. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... According to the coil position arrangement, coil arrangement or stacking into a plane, the expansion is achieved through self-structure connection or coil expansion structure connection, including expansion with substructure one or substructure three as the expansion point, expansion with the unconnected end of substructure two as the expansion point, and insertion expansion of substructure two within the same horizontal magnetic circuit. The insertion expansion of substructure two within the same horizontal magnetic circuit is performed by inserting substructure two with opposite magnetic ends. The coil expansion structure includes substructure one, substructure two, substructure three, combination of substructure one or substructure three with one or more substructure two, and combination of substructure one and substructure three with zero or more substructure two.

4. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... Substructure 2 has a magnetic circuit transmission function, which includes equal magnetic flux density transmission and magnetic flux density convergence / divergence transmission. All the spiral outer diameters of substructure 2 are different, including spiral outer diameters that first increase and then decrease, or gradient increase or decrease.

5. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... The substructure of the two-coil layer includes a single-layer planar spiral structure, a double-layer planar spiral structure, and a multi-layer planar spiral structure. The single-layer planar spiral structure consists of planar spiral coils with their spiral centers arranged in a linear fashion for each spiral unit. The double-layer planar spiral structure is formed by connecting single-layer planar spiral coils with their spiral centers arranged in a linear fashion in opposite directions, or by connecting coils in parallel in the same direction. Alternatively, each spiral unit may be a Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure formed by combining an upper coil and a lower coil. The multi-layer planar spiral structure includes multiple single-layer planar spiral structures or multiple double-layer planar spiral structures connected in series, in parallel, or in a series-parallel combination. Alternatively, each spiral unit may be a rotating stepped multi-layer planar spiral structure composed of different coils. The gaps between the layers in the double-layer planar spiral structure or the multi-layer planar spiral structure are filled with insulating material, heat dissipation material, heat dissipation pipes, or magnetically conductive material.

6. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 5, characterized in that... Each spiral unit is a Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure formed by the combination of upper and lower coils. The upper and lower coils of the coil are each planar. The spiral centers of all spiral units are arranged in a linear fashion. The planar projections of the upper and lower coils of each spiral unit form a geometric shape. The planar projections of the beginning of the upper coil and the end of the lower coil do not coincide. The end of the upper coil of this spiral unit is connected to the beginning of the lower coil of this spiral unit through interlayer connection. The end of the lower coil of this spiral unit is connected to the beginning of the upper coil of the next spiral unit through interlayer connection. This process is repeated to form a Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure with the spiral centers arranged in a linear fashion, one end of which has a missing lower coil and the other end has a missing upper coil. The Z-shaped double-layer planar spiral structure with the spiral center arranged in a linear pattern forms a characteristic magnetic field structure with a non-zero horizontal magnetic vector component after being energized. The geometric shape includes a closed geometric shape formed by one end of the upper and lower layer plane projections being continuously connected and the other end intersecting, and an open geometric shape formed by one end of the upper and lower layer plane projections being continuously connected and the other end not intersecting. The geometric shape includes broken lines, polygons, arcs, and combinations of polygons and arcs. The interlayer connection includes vertical connection and connection through phase shifting components. The empty projection area S1 of the upper layer and the empty projection area S2 of the lower layer can be the same or different.

7. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 5, characterized in that... : Each spiral unit consists of a rotating stepped multi-layer planar spiral structure composed of different layers. Each spiral unit of the coil consists of multiple layers, with a section of wire in each layer. The layer spacing between adjacent layers is equal, and each layer forms a plane by itself. The spiral centers of all spiral units are arranged linearly. The planar projections of the wires in each layer enclose a geometric figure. The planar projections of the head end of the wire in the first layer and the tail end of the wire in the last layer do not coincide. The tail end of the wire in the first layer is connected to the head end of the wire in the next layer of this spiral unit through an interlayer connection. The tail end of the wire in the next layer of this spiral unit is connected to the head end of the wire in the next layer of this spiral unit through an interlayer connection, and so on, until the tail end of the wire in the last layer is connected to the head end of the wire in the first layer of the next spiral unit through an interlayer connection, finally forming a rotating stepped multi-layer planar spiral structure with a lower vacancy at one end and an upper vacancy at the other end in a linear arrangement of spiral centers. After the rotating stepped multi-layer planar spiral structure with a linear arrangement of spiral centers is powered on, a characteristic magnetic field structure with a non-zero horizontal magnetic vector component is formed. The geometric figure includes a closed geometric figure formed by the continuous connection of the planar projections of the head end of the wire in the first layer and the tail end of the wire in the last layer that cross but do not coincide, and the planar projections of the other layers of the wire, and an open geometric figure formed by the continuous connection of the planar projections of the head end of the wire in the first layer and the tail end of the wire in the last layer that do not cross, and the planar projections of the other layers of the wire. The geometric figure includes polygons, circular arcs, and combinations of polygons and circular arcs. The interlayer connection includes vertical connection and connection through phase-shifting components. The projected area S3 of the upper vacancy and the projected area S4 of the lower vacancy include the same and different ones.

8. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 5, characterized in that... : The layer spacing a between adjacent layers of the double-layer planar spiral structure or multi-layer planar spiral structure and the wire diameter or thickness d0 preferably satisfy: When the operating frequency f ≤ 10 kHz, a = (0.8d0 + Δa) ± 0.1 mm; When 10 kHz < f ≤ 1 MHz, a = (1.1d0 + Δa) ± 0.05 mm; When f > 1 MHz, a = (0.6d0 + Δa) ± 0.03 mm, where Δa is the thickness of the composite insulating layer and satisfies 0.05 mm ≤ Δa ≤ 0.2 mm.

9. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shortest distance R2 from the spiral center of Sub-structure One or Sub-structure Three to the endpoint of the connection line or the fitting line of the spiral center connection line of Sub-structure Two preferably satisfies: R2 < (1.618 ± 0.05)R1, where R1 is the outer diameter of the spiral of Sub-structure One or Sub-structure Three.

10. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the spiral centers of Sub-structure One or Sub-structure Three are not at the endpoint of the connection line or the fitting line of the spiral center connection line of Sub-structure Two connected by one or more different magnetic ends, the ratio of the length of the connection line of the spiral centers of Sub-structure Two connected by the same or more different magnetic ends to the length of the magnetic path connection line of the spiral centers of Sub-structure One and Sub-structure Three preferably satisfies 0.618 ± 5%.

11. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... When the planar coil structure unit is energized, it forms the characteristic magnetic field of the Heilbeck permanent magnet array. The characteristic magnetic field of the Heilbeck permanent magnet array includes linear, polygonal, annular, and planar Heilbeck permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic fields with the magnetic surface located on the top or bottom, and polygonal, annular, cylindrical, conical, polyhedral, and spherical Heilbeck permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic fields with the magnetic surface located on the inner or outer surface. The Heilbeck permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface includes an internal uniform magnetic field.

12. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... The characteristic magnetic field of the Halbec permanent magnet array is formed when the curved or bent planar coil structure unit is energized. The magnetic surface of the Halbec permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field is located on the inner or outer surface, including polygonal, polygonal cylindrical, annular, cylindrical, spherical, toroidal, and polyhedral Halbec permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic fields. The Halbec permanent magnet array characteristic magnetic field with the magnetic surface located on the inner surface includes an internal uniform magnetic field.

13. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... Two or more planar coil structure units without external substructure 2 are connected to the same magnetic end at a point on the plane of the spiral center of substructure 1 or the plane of the surrounding substructure 1 to form a planar strong magnetic point. The strong magnetic point includes the spiral center of substructure 1 or the plane of the surrounding substructure 1. The formed planar strong magnetic point includes a magnetic flux density converging / diverging vortex strong magnetic point. The planar strong magnetic point coil combination is bent and connected to form a ring or a sphere, with the magnetic surface located inside. After being energized, it forms a uniform magnetic field inside the smallest circular Heilbeck permanent magnet array and a uniform magnetic field inside the smallest spherical Heilbeck permanent magnet array.

14. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... Multiple Hellbeck array planar coil structural units are combined to form planar, polygonal cylindrical, cylindrical, spherical, and toroidal Hellbeck array planar coil mesh combinations. When energized, they form the characteristic magnetic field structure of the Hellbeck permanent magnet array, which is used in the construction of magnetic shielding surfaces and magnetic shielding spaces.

15. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... A multi-faceted mesh of planar coils composed of multiple planar coil structural units of the Hellbeck array forms a characteristic magnetic field structure of the Hellbeck permanent magnet array when energized, and is used in the construction of magnetic shielding surfaces and magnetic shielding spaces.

16. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... The heat dissipation material is preferably a shape memory alloy (SMA) heat pipe structure, and the magnetic material is preferably a magnetic material with a relative permeability ≥100μ0 or, when the applied electric field strength is 2-5kV / mm, a magnetorheological magnetic material with an effective relative permeability ≥100μ0.

17. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... The Hellbeck array planar coil structure unit combination described herein is applied to magnetic resonance, electromagnetic accelerator, particle accelerator, detector, magnetic levitation, motor and generator, electromagnetic sensor, magnetic energy storage, wireless power transmission, electromagnetic shielding, magnetic therapy equipment, electromagnetic detection, electromagnetic forming, electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer, magnetic separation, and electromagnetic stirring.

18. The Heilbeck array planar coil structure unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... The coil structure units and their combinations are manufactured using the printed circuit board method or the planar coil splicing method. The printed circuit board method preferably uses HDI process, with line width / line spacing ≤50μm, blind hole diameter ≤100μm, and interlayer alignment error ≤5μm. The planar coil splicing method preferably uses laser welding or nano silver paste conductive adhesive welding.

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