Consumable electrode gas shielded arc welding torch with compact structure and assembly method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a compact-structure gas metal arc welding torch and an assembly method thereof. The compact-structure gas metal arc welding torch is characterized in that a feed bearing sleeves a conductive transmission shaft and is in conductive stationary fit with a feed bearing seat mounted on the bottom surface of an inner cavity of a motor seat; the lower end of the conductive transmission shaft sequentially penetrates through a conductive transmission shaft via hole of the feed bearing seat and a circular-truncated-cone-shaped through hole in the bottom of the motor seat and then is connected with a conductive rod through a copper nut. A gas path and a water path are arranged in the bottom wall of the motor base, convey welding protective gas to the nozzle mechanism and provide a welding torch cooling effect; an insulating plate of the insulating nozzle connecting mechanism is fixedly connected with a nozzle mechanism connecting plate in a staggered manner, so that the selected nozzle mechanism is insulated from the welding torch main body. The welding torch is compact in structure, easy to machine and assemble, high in transmission positioning precision, good in working stability, high in practicability and capable of being used for rotating arc or rocking arc gas metal arc welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of arc welding technology, specifically to a gas metal arc welding torch with a compact structure and an arc that can rotate in a circular or reciprocating motion, and its assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is widely used in metal structure manufacturing due to its advantages such as high efficiency, ease of operation, and good weld quality. Based on GMAW, adding motion control functions such as arc shaking, arc rotation, or arc oscillation can significantly improve weld formation and enhance weld joint performance.

[0003] Chinese invention patents CN1657211A ("Method and Apparatus for Rotating Arc Narrow Gap Welding Driven by Hollow Shaft Motor"), CN101200018A ("Rotating Arc Narrow Gap Welding Torch"), CN101412143A ("Method and Torch for Welding with Shaking Arc Narrow Gap Gas Shielded Metal Arc"), and CN111390358A ("Shaking / Rotating Arc Gas Shielded Metal Arc Welding Torch and Its Usage Method") all employ a hollow shaft motor connected to a coupling or eccentric sleeve to directly drive an eccentric conductive nozzle mechanism or a bending conductive rod mechanism. This causes the arc to rotate unidirectionally or reciprocate in a circular arc within the narrow gap groove. Simultaneously, welding power is supplied through carbon brushes or conductive plates, achieving rotating arc or shaking arc narrow gap gas shielded metal arc welding.

[0004] Chinese invention patents CN112894073A and CN201310109800.2, entitled "A Rotating Arc Gas Shielded Welding Gun," both indirectly drive an eccentric conductive nozzle or eccentric assembly by connecting a common motor to a transmission pair (belt drive or gear drive), thereby causing the arc to rotate in a circular motion. At the same time, welding power is supplied through a conductive slip ring or conductive disc, realizing rotating arc narrow gap gas shielded arc welding.

[0005] The aforementioned narrow-gap welding torches with rotating or oscillating arcs use couplings, eccentric sleeves, or mechanical transmission pairs to drive the welding arc in circular rotation, reciprocating oscillation, or swinging motion. This results in complex torch transmission mechanisms, poor stability, and high requirements for torch machining and assembly. While using carbon brushes for welding power feeding achieves cable-free feeding, the carbon brush structure is complex, the carbon brush material used for high-current feeding is special, and additional carbon brush clamping devices are required. Furthermore, the carbon brushes experience significant wear over long periods, and high heat generation occurs during high-current welding. Using conductive slip rings for welding power feeding results in a complex feeding mechanism and slow arc rotation, oscillation, or swinging speed. In addition, some narrow-gap welding torch patents disclose methods that directly use cables for welding power feeding. While this method simplifies the feeding mechanism, the arc movement trajectory is singular. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing rotary arc welding torches or rocking arc welding torches used for narrow-gap groove welding, this invention proposes a gas metal arc welding torch and its assembly method that is compact in structure, easy to process and assemble, has good working stability and process adaptability, and is highly practical. The welding arc is moved by a hollow shaft motor directly driving a conductive transmission shaft, and a power supply bearing is used for welding power supply. It can be used for rotary arc or rocking arc gas metal arc welding.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] The present invention provides a compact gas metal arc welding torch, comprising:

[0009] The frame includes a welding torch connecting plate and a motor base that are fixed at the front and rear.

[0010] A hollow shaft motor is located on a motor base, and the bottom center of the motor base has an opening.

[0011] The power supply bearing housing is located at the bottom center opening in the inner cavity of the motor housing. The power supply bearing housing contains a power supply bearing, and the power supply cable is connected to the power supply bearing housing.

[0012] The welding power output cable fixing plate is located on the welding torch connection plate and is connected to the feeder bearing seat through the feeder cable. The welding power supply is externally connected to the welding power supply.

[0013] The photoelectric detection mechanism, located on the upper part of the hollow shaft motor, includes an optocoupler and a grating disk, and is used to detect the rotational speed of the hollow shaft motor.

[0014] The conductive drive shaft is located at the bottom of the hollow shaft motor and is installed inside the feed bearing. It is driven to rotate by the hollow shaft motor. The lower part of the conductive drive shaft is provided with a conductive rod and a conductive nozzle in sequence. The welding power source is energized by passing through the welding power source output cable fixing plate, the feed cable, the feed bearing seat, the feed bearing, and the conductive drive shaft in sequence.

[0015] The welding wire is pulled from the top of the welding torch by the wire feeder and passes in sequence through the welding power output cable fixing plate, photoelectric detection mechanism, hollow shaft motor, conductive transmission shaft, conductive rod and conductive nozzle;

[0016] The motor base has a base at the bottom, and the base has a frustum-shaped through hole at the opening at the bottom of the motor base; the base has built-in cooling water circulation pipes and protective air pipes;

[0017] The feed bearing and feed bearing housing are used to support the conductive drive shaft and weld the feed, as well as to isolate and seal the frustum-shaped through hole from the space inside the motor housing.

[0018] As a further preferred embodiment, a nozzle mechanism is provided at the lower part of the frustum-shaped through hole of the base. The nozzle mechanism is a cover structure, with part of the conductive drive shaft, as well as the conductive rod and conductive nozzle located inside the nozzle mechanism.

[0019] An insulating plate and a nozzle mechanism connecting plate are provided between the nozzle mechanism and the motor base.

[0020] As a further preferred option, the base is located below the motor base, and the frustum-shaped through hole is a flared structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom and runs through the top and bottom.

[0021] The protective gas pipeline includes a transverse gas passage 1 and a transverse gas passage 2 respectively set on both sides inside the base. One end of the transverse gas passage 1 and one end of the transverse gas passage 2 are connected to the upper part of the frustum-shaped through hole. The other end of the transverse gas passage 1 is connected to the air inlet threaded hole 1 on one side of the base, and the other end of the transverse gas passage 2 is connected to the air inlet threaded hole 2 on the other side of the base. The air inlet threaded hole 1 and the air inlet threaded hole 2 are respectively connected to the protective gas source.

[0022] As a further preferred embodiment, the cooling water circulation pipeline includes a longitudinal water passage 1 and a longitudinal water passage 2 disposed within the base, as well as a transverse water passage 1 and a transverse water passage 2.

[0023] Among them, the first horizontal water channel and the second horizontal water channel are parallel and are respectively arranged at the front and rear positions of the base. Both the first horizontal water channel and the second horizontal water channel penetrate the base, and the end openings of the first horizontal water channel and the second horizontal water channel have plugs.

[0024] Longitudinal water passage one and longitudinal water passage two are parallel and are respectively arranged on both sides of the base; longitudinal water passage one connects to one end of transverse water passage one and transverse water passage two in sequence, and one end of longitudinal water passage one is provided with a water inlet threaded through hole; longitudinal water passage two connects to the other end of transverse water passage one and transverse water passage two in sequence, and one end of longitudinal water passage two is provided with a water outlet threaded through hole.

[0025] Water inlet threaded through hole and water inlet threaded through hole connected to external chiller.

[0026] As a further preferred embodiment, the bottom surface of the base is provided with an insulated nozzle connection mechanism mounting and positioning groove for mounting an insulating board. A sealing ring mounting groove is provided around the frustum-shaped through hole in the insulated nozzle connection mechanism mounting and positioning groove, and a sealing ring is built into the sealing ring mounting groove.

[0027] As a further preferred option, the motor mount is a cavity structure with an opening at the top, and the hollow shaft motor is located at the opening of the cavity structure;

[0028] The bottom of the motor base is provided with a feed-type bearing seat support and positioning groove at the opening that connects to the frustum-shaped through hole.

[0029] The bottom of the motor housing is also provided with a blind hole for fixing the feed bearing housing with a feed bearing housing for bolt connection.

[0030] The motor base has two rectangular holes, one for inserting the power supply cable and the other for inserting the power supply cable.

[0031] The motor housing has an auxiliary mounting through hole on the rear side. Because the inner cavity of the motor housing is small, the locking nut cannot be tightened. The auxiliary mounting through hole is used to help install the locking nut. A wrench is inserted into the auxiliary mounting through hole to tighten the locking nut, thereby achieving the purpose of locking the lower end of the motor shaft and the conductive transmission shaft.

[0032] As a further preferred embodiment, the power-fed bearing housing includes a disc portion and a mounting portion, with a pair of mounting portions located on both sides of the disc portion;

[0033] The mounting section has through holes for the feeder bearing housing fixing bolts corresponding to the blind holes for fixing threads of the feeder bearing housing. The end face has several blind holes for fixing the lower end of the feeder cable. Each blind hole for fixing the lower end of the feeder cable is provided with a corresponding threaded hole for clamping the lower end of the feeder cable.

[0034] The disc section has a countersunk hole for mounting the power-feed bearing, and a conductive drive shaft through hole that communicates with the frustum-shaped through hole is opened at its bottom. The bottom of the disc section has a cylindrical boss for mounting in the support and positioning groove of the power-feed bearing seat.

[0035] As a further preferred option, the power supply bearing is a copper alloy sealed bearing with a maximum DC current of 350A and a maximum speed of 8000r / min.

[0036] As a further preferred option, the welding torch is electrically connected to a controller for setting the arc motion parameters and the arc motion trajectory.

[0037] The present invention provides a method for assembling a compact gas metal arc welding torch, comprising the following steps:

[0038] ① Mount the power supply bearing onto the flange of the conductive drive shaft, and ensure that the upper end face of the inner ring of the power supply bearing is in close contact with the shoulder of the conductive drive shaft.

[0039] ② Pass the components assembled in step ① through the stepped center hole of the feed bearing housing from above, and install the outer ring of the feed bearing with an interference fit to the countersunk hole of the feed bearing housing.

[0040] ③ Divide the lower ends of the two feeder cables into three strands evenly and insert them symmetrically into the blind holes for fixing the lower ends of the feeder cables on both sides of the feeder bearing housing to achieve conductive connection between the two feeder cables and the feeder bearing housing.

[0041] ④ Place the components assembled in step ③ into the inner cavity of the motor base, and pass the upper ends of the two power supply cables through the rectangular holes on the left and right sides of the inner cavity of the motor base respectively. Then, extend the cylindrical boss of the power supply bearing housing into the support and positioning groove of the power supply bearing housing, and make the lower end of the conductive drive shaft extend out of the frustum-shaped through hole at the bottom of the motor base, so that the power supply bearing housing is fixedly connected to the motor base.

[0042] ⑤ Insert the lower extension shaft of the motor into the inner cavity of the motor base from above the assembly assembled in step ④, and connect it to the upper end of the conductive drive shaft. By holding the upper extension shaft of the motor and rotating the conductive drive shaft, fix the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor to the conductive drive shaft. Then, fix the hollow shaft motor to the hollow shaft motor fixing thread blind hole on the upper end face of the motor base, and insert a wire feeding hose of appropriate length through the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor from above and into the upper through hole. Then, install the grating disk of the photoelectric detection mechanism on the upper extension shaft of the motor.

[0043] ⑥ Pass the bolt through the motor base fixing through hole on the back side of the welding torch connecting plate and fix it to the motor base fixing threaded through hole on the back side of the motor base, thereby fixing the component assembled in step ⑤ to the welding torch connecting plate; then, according to the installation height of the grating disk in the photoelectric detection mechanism, fix the optocoupler of the photoelectric detection mechanism to the welding torch connecting plate; fix the upper ends of the two feed cables to the welding power output cable fixing plate respectively through the cable fixing piece, and then fix the welding power output cable fixing plate to the welding torch connecting plate;

[0044] ⑦ Connect the two right-angle quick-connect air hose connectors to the air inlet threaded through hole of the motor base with threaded seals, and connect the two right-angle quick-connect water connectors to the water inlet threaded through hole and the water outlet threaded through hole of the motor base with threaded seals, respectively.

[0045] ⑧ Place the sealing ring into the sealing ring mounting groove at the bottom of the motor base, and then fix the assembled insulating nozzle connection mechanism into the insulating nozzle connection mechanism mounting and positioning groove on the lower end face of the motor base;

[0046] ⑨ On the assembly assembled in step ⑧, insert the guide shaft at the upper end of the conductive rod into the through hole at the lower end for fixed connection, and fix the conductive nozzle at the lower end of the conductive rod;

[0047] ⑩ Insert the two gas hoses and two water hoses into the two right-angle quick-connect gas hose connectors and the two right-angle quick-connect water hose connectors respectively, and make the welding wire fed by the wire feeder pass through the wire feeding hose, conductive drive shaft and conductive rod in the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor in sequence, and then extend out from the lower end of the conductive nozzle, thus completing the assembly of the compact gas metal arc welding torch.

[0048] Compared with existing similar technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0049] 1) This invention uses a hollow shaft motor to directly drive a conductive transmission shaft to rotate the welding wire and its end arc together, without the need for couplings, eccentric sleeves, gear transmission pairs, or belt pulley transmission pairs. This significantly simplifies the welding torch transmission mechanism, shortens the welding torch height, thereby improving the welding torch transmission positioning accuracy and reducing the welding torch assembly requirements.

[0050] 2) This invention uses a power supply bearing and a conductive drive shaft to perform welding power supply, which eliminates complex welding power supply components such as carbon brushes or conductive slip rings, simplifies the welding torch power supply structure, and improves the stability of welding torch power supply.

[0051] 3) The gas path structure of the welding torch of the present invention is simple and easy to process. The gas path has a gas buffering and calming effect and good air tightness. The gas pressure inside the frustum-shaped gas chamber in the gas path is higher at the top and lower at the bottom, which makes the welding protective gas flow to the nozzle mechanism below the motor base. At the same time, it can also prevent the air from being drawn into the inner cavity of the motor base, thereby improving the welding gas protection effect.

[0052] 4) The water channel of the welding torch of the present invention is set inside the bottom wall of the motor base, which can quickly remove the radiant heat of the welding arc on the welding torch body, the frictional heat of the welding torch transmission, and the resistance heat of the welding power supply components, so that the welding torch has a good cooling effect and improves the engineering practicality of the welding torch.

[0053] 5) The present invention achieves insulation between the welding circuit and the nozzle mechanism used through the insulated nozzle connection mechanism, thereby improving the reliability of the welding torch; by selecting different types of welding nozzle mechanisms, the welding torch can be used for welding of different bevel types. For example, selecting a wide and narrow nozzle can be used for narrow gap bevel welding, thus having good process adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the compact gas metal arc welding torch (excluding the insulated nozzle connection mechanism and nozzle mechanism) of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor mount of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the motor mount of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal air passage structure of the motor base of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal water channel structure of the motor base of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power-fed bearing housing of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 8 This is a front view of the power-fed bearing housing of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conductive transmission shaft of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the assembled insulating plate and nozzle mechanism connecting plate in the insulating nozzle connection mechanism of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the insulating plate in the insulating nozzle connection mechanism of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle mechanism connecting plate in the insulating nozzle connection mechanism of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 13 A partial cross-sectional view on plane AA of the motor mount of the present invention after the insulated nozzle connection mechanism and the nozzle mechanism are installed.

[0067] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the insulating plate and the nozzle mechanism connecting plate in the insulating nozzle connection mechanism of the present invention on the BB surface after assembly.

[0068] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the welding torch connecting plate 8 of the present invention;

[0069] Among them, 1—welding wire; 2—wire feeder; 3—welding power output cable fixing plate; 4—cable fastener; 5—feeder cable; 6—optical coupler; 7—grating disk; 8—welding torch connecting plate; 8a—motor base fixing through hole; 8b—welding torch integral fixing bolt through hole; 8c—welding power output cable fixing plate fixing thread blind hole; 8d—welding power output cable fixing plate positioning countersunk hole; 8e—rectangular through hole; 9—hollow shaft motor; 9a—motor upper extension shaft; 9b—motor lower extension shaft; 10—locking nut; 11—motor base; 11a—hollow shaft motor fixing thread blind hole; 11b—auxiliary installation. 11c—Motor mount fixing threaded through hole; 11d—Frustum-shaped through hole; 11e—Powered bearing housing support positioning groove; 11f—Powered bearing housing fixing threaded blind hole; 11g—Insulated nozzle connection mechanism mounting positioning groove; 11h—Insulated nozzle connection mechanism fixing threaded blind hole; 11i—Rectangular square hole one, 11z—Rectangular square hole two; 11j—Sealing ring mounting groove; 11k—Air inlet threaded hole one, 11s—Air inlet threaded hole two; 11m—Water inlet threaded through hole; 11n—Water outlet threaded through hole; 11p—Longitudinal water channel one, 11r—Longitudinal water channel two; 11q—Transverse water channel one; 11x—Transverse water passage two; 11t—Transverse air passage one, 11u—Transverse air passage two; 12—Conductive drive shaft; 12a—Flange; 12b—Lower end of conductive drive shaft; 12c—Upper end of conductive drive shaft; 12d—Upper end through hole; 12e—Lower end through hole; 12f—Parallel groove; 12g—Shoulder; 13—Power supply bearing; 14—Power supply bearing housing; 14a—Cylindrical boss; 14b—Power supply bearing mounting countersunk hole; 14c—Power supply bearing housing fixing bolt through hole; 14d—Lower end fixing blind hole of power supply cable; 14e—Lower end clamping threaded hole of power supply cable; 14f—Conductive drive shaft through hole ; 15—Copper bolt; 16—Right-angle quick-connect gas hose connector; 17—Right-angle quick-connect water connector; 18—Sealing ring; 19—Copper nut; 20—Conductive rod; 21—Conductive nozzle; 22—Welding arc; 23—Insulating plate; 23a—Large diameter round through hole; 23b—Hexagonal countersunk hole; 23c—Small diameter round through hole; 24—Nozzle mechanism connecting plate; 24a—Large diameter threaded through hole; 24b—Nozzle mechanism connecting plate fixing bolt through hole; 24c—Insulating plate fixing bolt through hole; 25—Welding shielding gas; 26—Insulating dust cover; 27—Gas hose; 28—Water hose; 29—Nozzle mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0070] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0071] Figure 1The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the compact gas metal arc welding torch of the present invention (excluding the insulated nozzle connection mechanism and the nozzle mechanism). Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view. The welding torch mainly includes a welding torch connecting plate 8, a hollow shaft motor 9, a motor base 11, a conductive transmission shaft 12, a feed bearing 13, a feed bearing housing 14, a conductive rod 20, a conductive nozzle 21, a photoelectric detection mechanism, and an insulated nozzle connection mechanism and a nozzle mechanism 29 to be installed (see...). Figure 13 The components include: a portion of the conductive drive shaft 12, the conductive rod 20, and the conductive nozzle 21, all located within the nozzle mechanism 29; a hollow shaft motor 9 and its lower extension shaft 9b directly drive the conductive drive shaft 12, copper nut 19, conductive rod 20, and conductive nozzle 21, which are sequentially fixed below, to rotate, causing the welding arc 22 at the end of the welding wire 1 to rotate in a circular or reciprocating arc-shaped motion; the welding power source outputs welding current to the welding arc 22 at the end of the welding wire 1 through a pair of welding power output cable fixing plates 3, cable fixing parts 4, feed cable 5, feed bearing seat 14, feed bearing 13, conductive drive shaft 12, conductive rod 20, and conductive nozzle 21, which are sequentially conductively fixed, thus realizing the welding power supply for the welding torch; the conductive drive shaft 12 is used for both the torch mechanism drive and the welding power supply; the feed bearing 13 is used to support the conductive drive shaft 12 and the welding power supply, and also for sealing the air passage of the motor seat 11. The hollow shaft motor 9 is rotated by a controller electrically connected to the welding torch. In conjunction with the photoelectric detection mechanism installed on the upper part of the welding torch, control functions such as setting and displaying arc motion parameters, controlling arc motion trajectory, and real-time detection of arc motion speed can be realized.

[0072] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the welding torch uses a hollow shaft motor 9 with double extension shafts. The hollow shaft motor 9 has an upper extension shaft 9a and a lower extension shaft 9b. The upper extension shaft 9a is fitted with a grating disk 7 from the photoelectric detection mechanism. The end of the lower extension shaft 9b is provided with an internal thread and a radial connecting threaded hole. The hollow shaft motor 9 is fixedly mounted on the motor base 11. After the lower extension shaft 9b extends into the inner cavity of the motor base 11, it connects with the upper end 12c of the conductive transmission shaft (see...). Figure 9 The motor housing 11 is fixedly connected and radially prevented from loosening by tightening the locking nut 10; the feeder bearing housing 14 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the motor housing 11, and the feeder bearing 13 is installed in the feeder bearing mounting countersunk hole 14b (see...). Figure 7 Inside, the outer ring of the feed bearing 13 maintains a conductive static fit with the feed bearing mounting countersunk hole 14b, and the feed bearing housing 14 and the feed bearing 13 divide the motor housing 11 into two isolated spaces, upper and lower; the outer wall of the conductive drive shaft 12 is provided with a flange 12a (see... Figure 9), and maintains a conductive static fit with the inner ring of the feed bearing 13, and the lower end 12b of the conductive drive shaft (see Figure 9 From top to bottom, the conductive drive shaft through-hole 14f passes through the inner ring of the fed bearing 13 and the fed bearing housing 14 (see...). Figure 7 ) and the frustum-shaped through hole 11d at the bottom of the motor base 11 (see Figure 4 After that, it is electrically connected to the conductive rod 20 through the copper nut 19; the upper ends of the two feed cables 5 pass through the rectangular square hole 11i and the rectangular square hole 11z on the side of the motor base 11 respectively (see Figure 3 After that, they are electrically connected to a pair of welding power output cable fixing plates 3 via cable fixing parts 4 respectively. The lower ends of the two feed cables 5 are divided into three strands and extend into the feed cable lower end fixing blind holes 14d on both sides of the feed type bearing seat 14 (see Figure 7 In this process, the lower end of the power supply cable 5 is pressed by tightening the copper bolt 15 connected in the threaded hole 14e at the lower end of the power supply cable, so that the two power supply cables 5 are electrically and fixedly connected to the power supply bearing seat 14.

[0073] Compared with existing welding torch technology, the welding torch of the present invention achieves welding power supply without cable winding by using a power supply bearing 13 and a power supply bearing seat 14 in conjunction with a power supply bearing 13, without the need for complex power supply mechanisms such as carbon brushes or conductive slip rings. This simplifies the welding torch structure, reduces the requirements for welding torch manufacturing, improves the stability of the welding torch, and does not sacrifice the arc rotation or shaking speed.

[0074] The motor mount 11, together with the hollow shaft motor 9 fixed thereto, passes through the fixed through hole 8a of the motor mount (see...). Figure 15 The bolts are fixedly installed on the welding torch connecting plate 8. An optocoupler 6, which is adapted to the position of the grating disk 7, is fixedly installed on the upper part of the welding torch connecting plate 8. The optocoupler 6 and the grating disk 7 form a photoelectric detection mechanism to detect the rotation speed of the hollow shaft motor 9, thereby indirectly detecting the movement speed of the welding arc 22 (when the hollow shaft motor 9 is a servo motor with encoder closed-loop control, the photoelectric detection mechanism can be omitted on the welding torch); a pair of welding power output cable fixing plates 3 are fixedly connected above the welding torch connecting plate 8; the welding wire 1 fed by the wire feeder 2 passes through the wire feeding hose in the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor 9, the center hole of the conductive transmission shaft 12, and the inner hole of the conductive rod 20 in sequence, and then extends out from the inner hole of the conductive nozzle 21 to the welding area (when the conductive rod 20 is a bent conductive rod, or the conductive nozzle 21 is a bent conductive nozzle or an eccentric conductive nozzle, or the conductive nozzle 21 is obliquely fixed to the bottom end of the conductive rod 20, the welding wire 1 will extend obliquely from the inner hole of the conductive nozzle 21 relative to the center line of the welding torch).

[0075] To achieve a compact structure for the welding torch, the lower extension shaft 9b of the motor is directly threaded to the conductive transmission shaft 12, and radial loosening is prevented by tightening the stop nut 10. This achieves a direct positioning connection between the welding torch drive component and the transmission component, significantly improving transmission positioning accuracy. Simultaneously, the upper end 12c of the conductive transmission shaft (see...) Figure 9 The torch is directly fixed to the internal threaded hole of the lower extension shaft 9b of the motor, which can shorten the height of the welding torch and reduce the transmission distance, thereby reducing the output torque requirement of the hollow shaft motor 9 and improving the transmission rigidity of the welding torch. Compared with traditional welding torches, the welding torch of this invention eliminates mechanical devices such as couplings, eccentric sleeves or mechanical transmission pairs, simplifying the welding torch transmission mechanism, reducing the welding torch processing and assembly requirements, and promoting the improvement of welding torch stability. The bottom wall (i.e., the base) of the motor base 11 is provided with a gas path for the flow of welding shielding gas 25 and a water path for the flow of circulating cooling water. The welding shielding gas 25 and the circulating cooling water are introduced into the gas path and water path built into the bottom wall of the motor base 11 through the internal through holes of the right-angle quick-connect gas pipe joint 16 and the right-angle quick-connect water joint 17, respectively. This allows the welding torch to be cooled by the circulating cooling water while outputting welding shielding gas 25 during the welding process, improving the working stability of the welding torch and enhancing its practicality.

[0076] Examples of motor mounts: such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the upper end face of the motor base 11 is provided with a hollow shaft motor fixing thread blind hole 11a, and the rear side is provided with an auxiliary mounting through hole 11b for the stop nut 10 and a motor base fixing thread through hole 11c. The bottom center is provided with a frustum-shaped through hole 11d with a smaller inner diameter at the top and a larger inner diameter at the bottom. The bottom surface of its inner cavity is provided with a power-feed bearing housing support positioning groove 11e and a power-feed bearing housing fixing thread blind hole 11f. The left and right sides are respectively provided with a rectangular square hole one 11i and a rectangular square hole two 11z, so that the lower end of the power supply cable 5 can pass through the inner cavity of the motor base 11 and be electrically connected to the power-feed bearing housing 14. The lower end face is provided with an insulating nozzle connection mechanism mounting positioning groove 11g and an insulating nozzle connection mechanism fixing groove. The motor base 11 has a threaded blind hole 11h and a sealing ring mounting groove 11j. Its bottom wall contains a gas path for the flow of welding shielding gas 25 and a water path for the flow of circulating cooling water. The bottom of its left and right sides has an inlet threaded hole 11k and an inlet threaded hole 11s, respectively. The bottom of its front side has an inlet threaded through hole 11m and an outlet threaded through hole 11n. The gas path is gas-tightly connected to a gas hose 27 via a right-angle quick-connect gas pipe connector 16. The welding shielding gas 25 flows into the gas path within the bottom wall of the motor base 11 after passing through the gas hose 27 and the right-angle quick-connect gas pipe connector 16. The water path is water-tightly connected to a water hose 28 via a right-angle quick-connect water connector 17, and is located below the gas path. Both the gas and water paths are only located within the bottom wall of the motor base 11, reducing the machining difficulty of the motor base 11 and also reducing the sealing requirements between the motor base 11, the hollow shaft motor 9 above it, and the insulated nozzle connection mechanism below it, thereby improving the practicality of the welding torch.

[0077] Example of a pneumatic path built into the motor mount: The pneumatic path built into the motor mount 11 preferably has a symmetrical structure containing two or more gas input channels. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the air passage within the bottom wall (base) of the motor base 11 specifically includes a frustum-shaped annular air chamber (smaller at the top and larger at the bottom), and two transverse air passages: 11t and 11u. The frustum-shaped annular air chamber is the remaining space after removing the conductive drive shaft 12 from the frustum-shaped through hole 11d at the bottom of the motor base 11. The two transverse air passages 11t and 11u are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frustum-shaped annular air chamber. One end of each of the two passages communicates with the frustum-shaped annular air chamber. The other end of the second transverse gas passage 11u is connected to two right-angle quick-connect gas pipe connectors 16 through the first gas inlet threaded hole 11k and the second gas inlet threaded hole 11s, respectively. This allows the two welding shielding gases 25 output from the welding gas cylinder to flow into the frustum-shaped annular gas chamber from the transverse gas passages 11t and 11u after passing through the gas hose 27 and the right-angle quick-connect gas pipe connectors 16 in sequence. After being quenched by the frustum-shaped annular gas chamber, the two welding shielding gases 25 flow from below the frustum-shaped through hole 11d at the bottom of the motor base 11 into the nozzle mechanism 29 fixed below the welding torch (see...). Figure 13 In the process, welding shielding gas 25 then flows out from the outlet of nozzle mechanism 29 to protect the welding arc 22 at the end of welding wire 1 and the weld pool below it.

[0078] In the gas path built into the motor base 11, the frustum-shaped gas chamber has a smaller upper part and a larger lower part, forming a funnel-shaped structure. This results in higher air pressure at the top and lower air pressure at the bottom, thereby promoting the flow of welding shielding gas 25 to the nozzle mechanism 29 below the welding torch and preventing air from the inner cavity of the motor base 11 from being drawn into the frustum-shaped gas chamber. Simultaneously, after the welding shielding gas 25 flows into the frustum-shaped annular gas chamber from the first transverse gas path 11t and the second transverse gas path 11u, its flow rate is slowed down by the obstruction of the conductive drive shaft 12, which helps prevent turbulence in the welding shielding gas 25. Accordingly, with a fixed structure for the nozzle mechanism 29, this gas path improves the gas protection effect of the welding torch.

[0079] Example of a water circuit built into the motor mount: The water circuit built into the motor mount 11 preferably has a symmetrical structure loop containing at least one inlet channel and at least one outlet channel. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the water channels within the bottom wall (base) of the motor base 11 specifically include parallel longitudinal water channels 11p and 11r, and parallel transverse water channels 11q and 11x. The longitudinal water channels 11p and 11r are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the frustum-shaped through hole 11d, while the transverse water channels 11q and 11x are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the frustum-shaped through hole 11d. Furthermore, the longitudinal water channels 11p and 11r communicate with the transverse water channels 11q and 11x. Additionally, the transverse water channels 11q and 11x both penetrate the base and are located on the left and right side end faces of the motor base 11. Water pipe plugs are installed on each of the motor base 11. The water passage inside the motor base 11 is connected to the right-angle quick-connect water connector 17 for water inlet and water outlet through the inlet threaded through hole 11m and the outlet threaded through hole 11n, respectively. The circulating cooling water output from the chiller flows through the inlet water hose 28 and the right-angle quick-connect water connector 17, and then flows into the bottom wall of the motor base 11 from the inlet threaded through hole 11m. After flowing through the longitudinal water passage 11p and the longitudinal water passage 21r, the transverse water passage 11q and the transverse water passage 21x, the water flows out of the motor base 11 from the outlet threaded through hole 11n, and flows back to the chiller through the outlet right-angle quick-connect water connector 17 and the water hose 28, thereby achieving circulating water cooling of the motor base 11.

[0080] The motor base 11 is cooled by both the welding shielding gas 25 and the circulating cooling water through the built-in air and water channels. At the same time, the water channel built into the motor base 11 is located below the air channel, so that the lower end face of the motor base 11, which is relatively close to the welding arc 22, can be cooled in a timely and effective manner, thereby enhancing the cooling effect of the motor base 11 and further improving the practicality of the welding torch.

[0081] Examples of electrically fed bearing housings: such as Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the power-fed bearing housing 14 is preferably machined from a single piece of copper alloy, serving as both the welding power supply and the support and positioning of the power-fed bearing 13 in the welding torch. The power-fed bearing housing 14 includes a disc portion and a mounting portion. A pair of mounting portions are located on both sides of the disc portion. The central portion (i.e., the disc portion) has a stepped center hole (larger at the top and smaller at the bottom), shoulders (i.e., mounting portions) on both sides, and a cylindrical boss 14a on the lower end face. The larger hole of the stepped center hole is a countersunk hole 14b for mounting the power-fed bearing, and the smaller hole is a conductive drive shaft through hole 14f communicating with the frustum-shaped through hole 11d. The countersunk hole 14b for mounting the power-fed bearing maintains electrical conductivity with the outer ring of the power-fed bearing 13. The bearing has a static fit, with symmetrical through holes 14c for the power supply bearing housing fixing bolts on both sides of the shoulder. The shoulder end face has several blind holes 14d for fixing the lower end of the power supply cable and threaded holes 14e for clamping the lower end of the power supply cable. Each blind hole 14d corresponds to a threaded hole 14e for clamping the lower end of the power supply cable. Its cylindrical boss 14a extends into the support and positioning groove 11e of the power supply bearing housing for relative positioning between the power supply bearing housing 14 and the motor housing 11. Example of a power supply bearing: Figure 1 As shown, the feed bearing 13 is preferably a copper alloy sealed bearing, with a maximum DC current of 350A and a maximum speed of 8000 r / min. The feed bearing 13 is integrally mounted in the feed bearing mounting countersunk hole 14b (see...). Figure 7 Inside, the inner ring of the feed bearing 13 is fitted onto the flange 12a of the conductive drive shaft 12 (see...). Figure 9 The inner ring of the conductive drive shaft 12 is pressed against the shoulder 12g of the conductive drive shaft 12. During the welding process, the DC power output from the welding power source flows sequentially through the welding power source output cable fixing plate 3, cable fixing piece 4, feed cable 5, feed bearing seat 14, feed bearing 13, conductive drive shaft 12 and conductive rod 20, and then the welding wire 1 extending from the end of the conductive nozzle 21 flows to the welding arc 22. At the same time, the hollow shaft motor 9 directly drives the conductive drive shaft 12, the inner ring of the feed bearing 13, the copper nut 19, the conductive rod 20 and the conductive nozzle 21 to rotate together, thereby driving the welding arc 22 at the end of the welding wire 1 to perform a certain frequency of circular rotation or arc-shaped reciprocating oscillation.

[0082] Examples of conductive drive shafts: such as Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown, the conductive drive shaft 12 is a hollow cylinder with a variable inner diameter made of copper alloy. Its inner diameter is larger at both ends and smaller in the middle. The inner diameter of the upper through hole 12d at the upper end 12c of the conductive drive shaft is preferably in the range of 3 to 5 mm. The upper through hole 12d is used to install the wire feeding hose. The inner diameter of the lower through hole 12e at the lower end 12b of the conductive drive shaft is preferably in the range of 7 to 10 mm. The lower through hole 12e is used to install the guide shaft at the upper end of the conductive rod 20. Both the upper end 12c and the lower end 12b of the conductive drive shaft are provided with external threads. The upper end 12c of the conductive drive shaft is fixed to the lower extension shaft 9b of the motor through the external thread. The lower end 12b of the conductive drive shaft is electrically fixed to the copper nut 19 through the external thread. A mirror-symmetrical parallel groove 12f is provided on the outer wall of the lower end 12b of the conductive drive shaft, located axially above the external thread. The relative distance between the parallel grooves 12f is preferably in the range of 6 to 14 mm.

[0083] Structural and assembly examples of insulated nozzle connection mechanisms: Figures 10 to 14 As shown, the insulated nozzle connection mechanism, from top to bottom, specifically includes an insulating plate 23, a nozzle mechanism connecting plate 24, and an insulated dust cover 26. The insulating plate 23 is a rectangular non-metallic part with a large-diameter through hole 23a at its center and hexagonal countersunk holes 23b at its four corners. Small-diameter through holes 23c are symmetrically arranged around the large-diameter through hole 23a. The nozzle mechanism connecting plate 24 is a rectangular metal part with a large-diameter threaded through hole 24a at its center and nozzle mechanism connecting plate fixing bolt through holes 24b at its four corners. Insulating plate fixing bolt through holes 24c are symmetrically arranged around the large-diameter threaded through hole 24a. The insulating plate 23 and the nozzle mechanism fixing plate 24 are fixed by staggered openings.

[0084] The insulating plate 23 and the nozzle mechanism connecting plate 24 are fixedly connected by a staggered installation. The mounting bolts of the nozzle mechanism connecting plate 24 pass through the hexagonal countersunk hole 23b of the insulating plate 23 and the fixing bolt through hole 24b of the nozzle mechanism connecting plate in sequence from top to bottom, and are then fixed to the nut on the lower surface of the nozzle mechanism connecting plate 24. The heads of the mounting bolts of the nozzle mechanism connecting plate 24 are all located in the hexagonal countersunk hole 23b, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the nozzle mechanism connecting plate 24 and the insulating plate 23. The mounting bolts of the insulating nozzle connection mechanism pass through the fixing bolt through hole 24c of the insulating plate of the nozzle mechanism connecting plate 24 and the small diameter round through hole 23c of the insulating plate 23 in sequence from bottom to top, and are then fixed to the fixing thread blind hole 11h of the insulating nozzle connection mechanism on the lower end face of the motor base 11. The insulating plate 23 of the insulating nozzle connection mechanism is pressed into the sealing ring 18 in the mounting positioning groove 11g of the insulating nozzle connection mechanism (see Figure 1The head of the mounting bolt of the insulating nozzle connection mechanism is located inside the through hole 24c of the insulating plate fixing bolt and does not contact the inner wall of the through hole 24c. At the same time, the upper end face of the mounting bolt head of the nozzle mechanism connection plate 24 does not contact the mounting positioning groove 11g of the insulating nozzle connection mechanism on the lower end face of the motor base 11, thereby achieving an insulating and sealed connection between the insulating nozzle connection mechanism and the motor base 11. The insulating dust cover 26 is installed on the lower end face of the through hole 24c of the insulating plate fixing bolt. The insulating nozzle connection mechanism is fixed to the nozzle mechanism 29 through the large-diameter threaded through hole 24a of the nozzle mechanism connection plate 24.

[0085] Example of a welding torch connecting plate: (e.g.) Figure 15 As shown, the welding torch connecting plate 8 is generally convex downwards, with a motor base fixing through hole 8a at its bottom for fixing the motor base 11 to the welding torch connecting plate 8; a rectangular through hole 8e is provided in the middle of the welding torch connecting plate 8 for reducing the weight of the welding torch structure and for heat dissipation of the hollow shaft motor 9; welding torch overall fixing bolt through holes 8b are symmetrically provided at the left and right ends of the welding torch connecting plate 8 for fixing the welding torch to the mechanical drive system; welding power output cable fixing plate fixing thread blind hole 8c and welding power output cable fixing plate positioning countersunk hole 8d are provided on the top of the welding torch connecting plate 8 for fixing and positioning the welding power output cable fixing plate 3, respectively.

[0086] Examples of welding torch assembly methods: such as Figures 1 to 15 As shown, the assembly method of the compact gas metal arc welding torch includes the following steps:

[0087] ① Mount the power supply bearing 13 onto the flange 12a of the conductive drive shaft 12, and ensure that the upper end face of the inner ring of the power supply bearing 13 is in close contact with the shoulder 12g of the conductive drive shaft 12.

[0088] ② Pass the components assembled in step ① through the stepped center hole above the power-fed bearing housing 14, and install the outer ring of the power-fed bearing 13 with an interference fit to the power-fed bearing mounting countersunk hole 14b.

[0089] ③ Divide the lower ends of the two feeder cables 5 into three strands evenly and symmetrically insert them into the feeder cable lower end fixing blind holes 14d on both sides of the feeder bearing housing 14. Tighten the copper bolts 15 connected to the feeder cable lower end pressing threaded holes 14e to press the lower ends of the two feeder cables 5 into the feeder cable lower end fixing blind holes 14d on both sides of the feeder bearing housing 14, so as to achieve conductive connection between the two feeder cables 5 and the feeder bearing housing 14.

[0090] ④ Place the components assembled in step ③ into the inner cavity of the motor housing 11, and pass the upper ends of the two power supply cables 5 through the rectangular square holes 11i and 11z on the left and right sides of the inner cavity of the motor housing 11, respectively. Then, extend the cylindrical boss 14a of the power supply bearing housing 14 into the power supply bearing housing support positioning groove 11e, and make the lower end 12b of the conductive drive shaft extend out of the frustum-shaped through hole 11d at the bottom of the motor housing 11. Next, pass the bolt from top to bottom through the power supply bearing housing fixing bolt through hole 14c on the shoulder of the power supply bearing housing 14, and connect it with the power supply bearing housing fixing thread blind hole 11f on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the motor housing 11, so that the power supply bearing housing 14 is fixedly connected to the motor housing 11.

[0091] ⑤ Insert the lower extension shaft 9b of the motor into the inner cavity of the motor base 11 from above the assembly assembled in step ④, and connect it to the upper end 12c of the conductive transmission shaft. By clamping the upper extension shaft 9a of the motor and rotating the conductive transmission shaft 12, the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor 9 is fixedly connected to the conductive transmission shaft 12. Then, tighten the stop nut 10 from the auxiliary mounting through hole 11b on the rear side of the motor base 11. Next, fix the hollow shaft motor 9 to the hollow shaft motor fixing thread blind hole 11a on the upper end face of the motor base 11, and insert a wire feeding hose of appropriate length from above the hollow shaft motor 9 through its hollow shaft and into the upper through hole 12d. Then, install the grating disk 7 of the photoelectric detection mechanism on the upper extension shaft 9a of the motor.

[0092] ⑥ Pass the bolt through the motor base fixing through hole 8a on the rear side of the welding torch connecting plate 8 and fix it to the motor base fixing threaded through hole 11c on the rear side of the motor base 11, thereby fixing the component assembled in step ⑤ to the welding torch connecting plate 8; then, according to the installation height of the grating disk 7 in the photoelectric detection mechanism, fix the optocoupler 6 of the photoelectric detection mechanism on the welding torch connecting plate 8; fix the upper ends of the two feed cables 5 to a pair of welding power output cable fixing plates 3 respectively (one-to-one correspondence) through the cable fixing piece 4, and then fix the welding power output cable fixing plate 3 to the welding torch connecting plate 8;

[0093] ⑦ Connect the two right-angle quick-connect air pipe connectors 16 to the air inlet threaded through hole 11k and the air inlet threaded through hole 11s of the motor base 11 with thread seals, and connect the two right-angle quick-connect water connectors 17 to the water inlet threaded through hole 11m and the water outlet threaded through hole 11n of the motor base 11 with thread seals, respectively.

[0094] ⑧ Place the sealing ring 18 into the sealing ring mounting groove 11j of the motor base 11, then fix the assembled insulating nozzle connection mechanism to the insulating nozzle connection mechanism mounting positioning groove 11g on the lower end face of the motor base 11, and then install the insulating dust cover 26 on the lower end face of the insulating plate fixing bolt through hole 24c.

[0095] ⑨ On the assembly assembled in step ⑧, the guide shaft at the upper end of the conductive rod 20 is inserted into the lower end through hole 12e, and the conductive rod 20 and the conductive transmission shaft 12 are fixed together by the copper nut 19. The conductive nozzle 22 is fixed at the lower end of the conductive rod 20, and then the nozzle mechanism 29 is fixed on the large diameter threaded through hole 24a of the nozzle mechanism connecting plate 24.

[0096] ⑩ Insert the two gas hoses 27 and the two water hoses 28 into the two right-angle quick-connect gas connectors 16 and the two right-angle quick-connect water connectors 17 respectively, and make the welding wire 1 fed by the wire feeder 2 pass through the wire feeding hose, the conductive drive shaft 12 and the conductive rod 21 in the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor 9 in sequence, and then extend out from the lower end of the conductive nozzle 22, thus completing the assembly of the compact gas metal arc welding torch.

[0097] In the above embodiment of the welding torch assembly method, step ③ can also be performed before step ①; steps ⑧ and ⑨ can also be performed sequentially before step ①; step ⑦ only needs to be performed before step ⑩.

[0098] Example of using a welding torch:

[0099] Before welding, according to the welding process requirements, the arc motion parameters (rotation frequency, or rocking frequency, rocking angle, dwell time, etc.) and arc motion trajectory (circular rotation or arc-shaped rocking, etc.) are set using a controller electrically connected to the welding torch; circulating cooling water is introduced into the water circuit inside the welding torch. After the arc is started, the welding shielding gas 25 (such as Ar, CO2, mixed gas, etc.) is immediately input into the gas circuit inside the welding torch and flows into the nozzle mechanism 29 fixed below the welding torch, providing gas protection for the welding arc 22 and the weld pool below it.

[0100] During the welding process, the DC power output from the welding power source flows sequentially through the welding power source output cable fixing plate 3, cable fixing piece 4, feeder cable 5, feeder bearing seat 14, feeder bearing 13, conductive drive shaft 12, and conductive rod 20, and then flows from the welding wire 1 extending from the end of the conductive nozzle 21 to the welding arc 22. According to the set arc movement trajectory, the torch controller controls the hollow shaft motor 9 to directly drive the conductive drive shaft 12, the inner ring of the feeder bearing 13, the copper nut 19, the conductive rod 20, and the conductive nozzle 21 to rotate together, causing the welding arc 22 at the end of the welding wire 1 to make a circular rotation or arc reciprocating rocking motion relative to the center of the welding torch. At the same time, the torch controller indirectly detects the arc movement speed (mainly the arc rotation frequency or rocking frequency) in real time through the photoelectric detection mechanism. Then, the mechanical drive system moves the welding torch or the workpiece at a certain speed to realize the gas shielded welding of the rotating arc or rocking arc.

[0101] When using the oscillating arc welding process, in order to make the welding arc 22 oscillate symmetrically back and forth along the welding direction, it is necessary to control the midpoint positioning of the arc oscillation trajectory before welding. Therefore, during torch assembly, the circumferential position of the notch center of the grating disk 7 in the photoelectric detection mechanism relative to the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor 9 is adjusted so that the end of the welding wire 1 is located at the midpoint of the arc oscillation trajectory and bends towards the front or rear of the welding path. Before welding, the torch controller controls the hollow shaft motor 9 to rotate and detects the relative position of the optical path of the optocoupler 6 in the photoelectric detection mechanism with the notch center of the grating disk 7. When the optical path of the optocoupler 6 is aligned with the notch center of the grating disk 7, the hollow shaft motor 9 is stopped, thus achieving the pre-welding positioning of the midpoint of the arc oscillation trajectory.

[0102] Compared with existing motor-driven oscillating or rotating arc welding torches, the welding torch of this invention eliminates components such as couplings, eccentric sleeves, or gear transmission pairs for transmission, as well as carbon brushes or conductive slip rings for welding power supply, effectively shortening the height of the torch body (excluding the conductive rod 20, conductive nozzle 21, and nozzle mechanism 29). By matching the power supply bearing 13 with the conductive transmission shaft 12 and achieving insulation between the torch body and the nozzle mechanism through an insulated nozzle connection mechanism, the torch structure is significantly simplified, the torch transmission accuracy and working stability are improved, and the torch assembly requirements are reduced, giving the torch excellent engineering practicality. Furthermore, the torch can meet the requirements of narrow-gap bevel welding simply by replacing the nozzle mechanism 29 with a nozzle mechanism suitable for narrow-gap welding, and it can be used for both rotating arc welding and oscillating arc welding, thus exhibiting good process adaptability.

[0103] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact gas metal arc welding torch, characterized in that, include: The frame includes a welding torch connecting plate (8) and a motor base (11) that are fixed at the front and rear. A hollow shaft motor (9) is located on a motor base (11), and the bottom center of the motor base (11) has an opening; The power supply bearing housing (14) is located at the bottom center opening in the inner cavity of the motor housing (11). The power supply bearing housing (14) contains a power supply bearing (13), and the power supply cable (5) is connected to the power supply bearing housing (14). The welding power output cable fixing plate (3) is located on the welding torch connecting plate (8) and is connected to the feed bearing seat (14) through the feed cable (5). The welding power output cable fixing plate (3) is connected to the welding power source. The photoelectric detection mechanism, located on the upper part of the hollow shaft motor (9), includes an optocoupler (6) and a grating disk (7) for detecting the rotational speed of the hollow shaft motor (9); The conductive drive shaft (12) is located at the lower part of the hollow shaft motor (9) and is installed in the feed bearing (13). It is driven to rotate by the hollow shaft motor (9). The lower part of the conductive drive shaft (12) is provided with a conductive rod (20) and a conductive nozzle (21). The welding power supply is energized by passing through the welding power supply output cable fixing plate (3), the feed cable (5), the feed bearing seat (14), the feed bearing (13), and the conductive drive shaft (12). The welding wire (1) is pulled by the wire feeder (2) at the top of the welding torch and passes in sequence through the welding power output cable fixing plate (3), photoelectric detection mechanism, hollow shaft motor (9), conductive transmission shaft (12), conductive rod (20) and conductive nozzle (21); The motor base (11) has a base at the bottom, and the base is provided with a frustum-shaped through hole (11d) at the bottom opening of the motor base (11); the base has a built-in cooling water circulation pipe and a protective gas pipe; The power supply bearing (13) and the power supply bearing housing (14) are used to support the conductive drive shaft (12) and the welding power supply, as well as to isolate and seal the space between the frustum-shaped through hole and the motor housing (11).

2. A compact gas metal arc welding torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base has a nozzle mechanism (29) at the bottom of the frustum-shaped through hole (11d). The nozzle mechanism (29) is a cover structure. Part of the conductive drive shaft (12), as well as the conductive rod (20) and the conductive nozzle (21) are located inside the nozzle mechanism (29). An insulating plate (23) and a nozzle mechanism connecting plate (24) are provided between the nozzle mechanism (29) and the motor base (11).

3. A compact gas metal arc welding torch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base is located at the lower part of the motor base (11), and the frustum-shaped through hole (11d) is a flared structure with a smaller top and a larger bottom and is open from top to bottom. The protective gas pipeline includes a transverse gas passage 1 (11t) and a transverse gas passage 2 (11u) respectively set on both sides inside the base. One end of the transverse gas passage 1 (11t) and one end of the transverse gas passage 2 (11u) are connected to the upper part of the frustum-shaped through hole (11d). The other end of the transverse gas passage 1 (11t) is connected to the first inlet threaded hole (11k) on one side of the base, and the other end of the transverse gas passage 2 (11u) is connected to the second inlet threaded hole (11s) on the other side of the base. The first inlet threaded hole (11k) and the second inlet threaded hole (11s) are respectively connected to the protective gas source.

4. A compact gas metal arc welding torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling water circulation pipeline includes longitudinal water passage one (11p) and longitudinal water passage two (11r) installed in the base, as well as transverse water passage one (11q) and transverse water passage two (11x); Among them, the first transverse water channel (11q) and the second transverse water channel (11x) are parallel and are respectively arranged at the front and rear positions of the base. Both the first transverse water channel (11q) and the second transverse water channel (11x) penetrate the base, and the end openings of the first transverse water channel (11q) and the second transverse water channel (11x) have plugs. Longitudinal water passage one (11p) and longitudinal water passage two (11r) are parallel and are respectively arranged on both sides of the base; longitudinal water passage one (11p) is connected to one end of transverse water passage one (11q) and transverse water passage two (11x) in sequence, and one end of longitudinal water passage one (11p) is provided with a water inlet threaded through hole (11m); longitudinal water passage two (11r) is connected to the other end of transverse water passage one (11q) and transverse water passage two (11x) in sequence, and one end of longitudinal water passage two (11r) is provided with a water outlet threaded through hole (11n); The water inlet threaded through hole (11m) and the water inlet threaded through hole (11m) are connected to an external chiller.

5. A compact gas metal arc welding torch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the base is provided with an insulating nozzle connection mechanism mounting and positioning groove (11g) for mounting the insulating plate (23). The insulating nozzle connection mechanism mounting and positioning groove (11g) is provided with a sealing ring mounting groove (11j) around the frustum-shaped through hole (11d). The sealing ring mounting groove (11j) contains a sealing ring (18).

6. A compact gas metal arc welding torch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The motor base (11) is a cavity structure with an opening at the top, and the hollow shaft motor (9) is located at the opening of the cavity structure; The bottom of the motor base (11) is provided with a feed-type bearing seat support positioning groove (11e) at the opening that connects to the frustum-shaped through hole (11d); The bottom of the motor housing (11) is also provided with a blind hole (11f) for fixing the feed bearing housing with a feed bearing housing (14) for bolt connection; The motor base (11) has rectangular square holes one (11i) and rectangular square holes two (11z) on both sides for inserting the power supply cable (5); The motor mount (11) has an auxiliary mounting through hole (11b) on the rear side.

7. A compact gas metal arc welding torch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power-fed bearing housing (14) includes a disc portion and a mounting portion, with a pair of mounting portions located on both sides of the disc portion; The mounting section has through holes (14c) for the feeder bearing housing fixing bolts corresponding to the feeder bearing housing fixing thread blind holes (11f). The end face has several feeder cable lower end fixing blind holes (14d). Each feeder cable lower end fixing blind hole (14d) is provided with a feeder cable lower end clamping thread hole (14e). The disc portion has a countersunk hole (14b) for mounting the power-feed bearing, and a conductive drive shaft through hole (14f) that communicates with the frustum-shaped through hole (11d) is provided at its bottom. The bottom of the disc portion has a cylindrical boss (14a) for mounting in the power-feed bearing housing support positioning groove (11e).

8. A compact gas metal arc welding torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply bearing (13) is a copper alloy sealed bearing with a maximum DC current of 350A and a maximum speed of 8000r / min.

9. A compact gas metal arc welding torch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding torch is electrically connected to a controller, which is used to set the arc motion parameters and the arc motion trajectory.

10. A method for assembling a compact gas metal arc welding torch according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: ① Mount the power supply bearing (13) onto the flange of the conductive drive shaft (12), and make the upper end face of the inner ring of the power supply bearing (13) fit tightly against the shoulder of the conductive drive shaft (12); ② Pass the components assembled in step ① through the stepped center hole of the feed bearing housing (14) from above, and install the outer ring of the feed bearing (13) with the feed bearing mounting countersunk hole of the feed bearing housing (14) with an interference fit. ③ Divide the lower ends of the two feed cables (5) into three strands, and symmetrically insert them into the blind holes for fixing the lower ends of the feed cables on both sides of the feed bearing housing (14) to achieve conductive connection between the two feed cables (5) and the feed bearing housing (14). ④ Place the components assembled in step ③ into the inner cavity of the motor housing (11), and pass the upper ends of the two power supply cables (5) through the rectangular holes on the left and right sides of the inner cavity of the motor housing (11). Then, extend the cylindrical boss of the power supply bearing housing (14) into the support and positioning groove of the power supply bearing housing, and extend the lower end of the conductive drive shaft out of the frustum-shaped through hole at the bottom of the motor housing (11) to fix the power supply bearing housing (14) to the motor housing (11). ⑤ Insert the lower extension shaft of the motor into the inner cavity of the motor base (11) from above the assembly assembled in step ④, and connect it to the upper end of the conductive transmission shaft. By holding the upper extension shaft of the motor and rotating the conductive transmission shaft (12), the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor (9) is fixedly connected to the conductive transmission shaft (12). Then, fix the hollow shaft motor (9) to the hollow shaft motor fixing thread blind hole on the upper end face of the motor base (11), and insert a wire feeding hose of appropriate length through the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor (9) from above and into the upper end through hole. Then, put the grating disk (7) of the photoelectric detection mechanism on the upper extension shaft of the motor. ⑥ Pass the bolt through the motor base fixing through hole of the welding torch connecting plate (8) from the rear side and fix it to the motor base fixing thread through hole of the motor base (11) from the rear side, thereby fixing the component assembled in step ⑤ to the welding torch connecting plate (8); then, according to the installation height of the grating disk (7) in the photoelectric detection mechanism, fix the optocoupler (6) of the photoelectric detection mechanism on the welding torch connecting plate (8); fix the upper ends of the two feed cables (5) to the welding power output cable fixing plate (3) respectively through the cable fixing piece (4), and then fix the welding power output cable fixing plate (3) to the welding torch connecting plate (8); ⑦ Connect the two right-angle quick-connect air pipe connectors to the air inlet threaded through hole of the motor base (11) with thread seal, and connect the two right-angle quick-connect water connectors to the water inlet threaded through hole and the water outlet threaded through hole of the motor base (11) with thread seal, respectively. ⑧ Place the sealing ring into the sealing ring mounting groove at the bottom of the motor base (11), and then fix the assembled insulating nozzle connection mechanism into the insulating nozzle connection mechanism mounting and positioning groove on the lower end face of the motor base (11). ⑨ On the assembly assembled in step ⑧, insert the guide shaft at the upper end of the conductive rod (20) into the through hole at the lower end for fixed connection, and fix the conductive nozzle (22) at the lower end of the conductive rod (20); ⑩ Insert two gas hoses and two water hoses into two right-angle quick-connect gas hose connectors and two right-angle quick-connect water hose connectors respectively, and make the welding wire (1) fed by the wire feeder (2) pass through the wire feeding hose, conductive drive shaft (12) and conductive rod (21) in the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft motor (9) in sequence, and then extend out from the lower end of the conductive nozzle (22) to complete the assembly of the compact gas metal arc welding torch.

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