A precision device for leveling and aligning a semi-spherical part and a method for adjusting the same

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hemispherical parts leveling centering precision devices and adjusting method thereof, it is related to hemispherical parts ultra-precision measurement adjusting field, including adjusting module, rotating module, support module;Support module is used to install the hemispherical part to be measured, adjusting module is used to level centering to support module;It further includes circumferential positioning module, radial positioning module;Support module includes with the positive positioning support mechanism of detachable connection of adjusting module, upside-down positioning support mechanism.The application is used to solve the problem that different postures, different internal structures of hemispherical parts are difficult to be precisely adjusted by the same set of equipment in the prior art, realize low cost, simple and compact mechanical structure to realize efficient, high-precision leveling centering effect, while meeting the precise leveling centering demand of hemispherical parts of different postures, different internal structures.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ultra-precision measurement and adjustment of hemispherical parts, and particularly relates to a hemispherical part leveling and centering precision device and an adjustment method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of mechanical manufacturing industry, the machining precision requirement is gradually improved, and the corresponding measurement precision requirement is also increasingly strict, especially the measurement work under relatively extreme conditions is more difficult. For example, in the leveling and centering detection of hemispherical parts such as aerospace engine blades and spacecraft inertial blades, it is not easy to achieve high precision requirement. The leveling and centering precision mechanism is mainly used to ensure that the rotation axis of the measured workpiece coincides with the rotation axis of the detection device, thereby laying a foundation for the detection of the subsequent related ultra-precision system and improving the subsequent detection precision.

[0003] The leveling and centering mechanism in the prior art has defects such as poor retention, high cost, weak impact resistance, and small carrying capacity when used for precise adjustment of hemispherical parts. Moreover, there are problems such as complicated adjustment process, complex operation method, and large amount of calculation. Especially for some precision mechanical structures, the adjustment precision of hemispherical parts needs to be controlled within 10 μm, and the existing adjustment device and the corresponding adjustment method are difficult to meet such high-precision adjustment requirement.

[0004] Moreover, in the prior art, the leveling methods mainly include three-point leveling method, four-point leveling method, and multi-point leveling method. The three-point leveling method has relatively poor anti-overturning ability under heavy load. The four-point and multi-point leveling methods improve the carrying capacity and anti-overturning ability, but the superstatic structure introduces a complex "virtual leg" problem, and the control algorithm is extremely complex. The centering methods mainly include mechanical centering method, optical centering method, and traditional centering method of special fixture. These centering methods are inconvenient to operate, have low precision, and are difficult to stably meet the high-precision eccentric adjustment. Especially in the working condition that needs to combine leveling and centering for adjustment, the existing adjustment method is difficult to meet the high-precision adjustment requirement.

[0005] In addition, in some complex mechanical systems, different hemispherical parts need to be adjusted and measured in different attitudes (such as normal placement and upside-down placement), and the hemispherical parts also have different internal structures of hollow and solid. The prior art is difficult to meet the precise adjustment of hemispherical parts in different attitudes and different internal structures through the same set of equipment. SUMMARY

[0006] The application provides a kind of hemispherical parts leveling centering precision device and its adjusting method, to solve the problems of complex and tedious adjusting process, limited adjusting precision and lack of versatility in the prior art for leveling and centering of hemispherical parts, to realize low-cost, simple and compact mechanical structure to meet fast and efficient, simple operation and high-precision control leveling and centering effect, while meeting the precise leveling and centering needs of hemispherical parts with different attitudes and different internal structures.

[0007] The application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A kind of hemispherical parts leveling centering precision device, including adjusting module, rotating module for driving the rotation of the adjusting module, support module located on the adjusting module;The support module is used to install the measured hemispherical parts, and the adjusting module is used to level and center the support module;

[0009] It also includes circumferential positioning module and radial positioning module, the circumferential positioning module is used to measure the top level of the measured hemispherical parts, and the radial positioning module is used to measure the eccentricity of the measured hemispherical parts;

[0010] The support module includes a normal positioning support mechanism and an inverted positioning support mechanism that can be detachably connected to the adjusting module.

[0011] To solve the problem of precise adjustment of hemispherical parts with different attitudes and different internal structures by the same set of equipment in the prior art, the application first proposes a hemispherical parts leveling centering precision device, the device drives the rotation of the adjusting module and all the devices on it through the rotating module, installs and positions the measured hemispherical parts through the support module on the adjusting module, measures the top level of the measured hemispherical parts through the circumferential positioning module, measures the eccentricity of the measured hemispherical parts through the radial positioning module, and realizes the required leveling and / or centering based on the measurement results through the adjusting module. The support module in this application includes a normal positioning support mechanism and an inverted positioning support mechanism, which are respectively used to adapt to the normal placement and inverted measured hemispherical parts. When leveling and centering the normal placement hemispherical parts using this application, the normal positioning support mechanism is connected to the adjusting module. When leveling and centering the inverted hemispherical parts using this application, the inverted positioning support mechanism is connected to the adjusting module. The normal positioning support mechanism and the inverted positioning support mechanism can be temporarily installed and positioned on the adjusting module using any existing detachable connection means.

[0012] As can be seen, the application can realize precise leveling and centering of hemispherical parts with different attitudes through a set of precision devices, with the advantages of low cost, simple structure, fast and convenient adjusting process, etc.

[0013] In addition, the person skilled in the art should understand that "positive placement" in the present application refers to the posture of the hemispherical part with the concave surface downward; and "inversion" in the present application refers to the posture of the hemispherical part with the concave surface upward.

[0014] Further, the adjusting module comprises a reference platform, a cross slide table mounted on the reference platform, an adjusting platform fixed on the cross slide table, and a working platform located above the adjusting platform; the adjusting platform and the working platform are connected through three adjusting knobs in equilateral triangle distribution, the bottom end of the adjusting knob is in threaded connection with the adjusting platform, and the top end of the adjusting knob is in rotary connection with the working platform.

[0015] In the present scheme, the reference platform provides a reference mounting surface for the entire adjusting module and facilities thereon; the working platform serves as a direct bearing plate and is used for detachable connection with the positive positioning support mechanism and the inversion positioning support mechanism in the present application; and the adjusting platform is used for cooperation to realize the leveling and centering of the present application. In the present scheme, the movement of the adjusting platform and the working platform and facilities thereon can be driven by driving the movement of the cross slide table, so as to realize the centering function; and the inclination angle of the working platform and facilities thereon can be adjusted by adjusting the relative height of the three adjusting knobs, so as to realize the leveling function. The adjustment of the cross slide table and the three adjusting knobs in the present application can be realized in a manual mode, which can further reduce the production, use and maintenance costs.

[0016] In addition, the three adjusting knobs in the present scheme are in equilateral triangle distribution, and the relative height between the adjusting knob and the adjusting platform continuously changes when the adjusting knob rotates, so as to drive the change of the height of the working platform.

[0017] Further, the cross slide table comprises a first supporting plate in sliding cooperation with the reference platform, a second supporting plate in sliding cooperation on the first supporting plate, a first knob for driving the horizontal sliding of the first supporting plate, and a second knob for driving the horizontal sliding of the second supporting plate; and the sliding directions of the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate are perpendicular to each other.

[0018] The present scheme realizes the sliding control of the cross slide table through the first knob and the second knob, which further reduces the production, use and maintenance costs, and facilitates the quick and convenient realization of the centering requirement.

[0019] Further, the positive positioning support mechanism comprises a positive platform in detachable connection with the working platform, three annularly and uniformly distributed slide grooves are arranged on the surface of the positive platform, and the length direction of the slide groove extends along the radial direction; a sliding locking assembly is arranged in each slide groove, and the sliding locking assembly is used for radial positioning of the measured hemispherical part in positive placement; and three scales are annularly and uniformly distributed on the surface of the positive platform, and the length direction of the scale extends along the radial direction.

[0020] In the scheme, the positive platform is used for installing and positioning the measured hemispherical parts placed in the positive direction, and has three sliding grooves and three scales. Each sliding groove is slidably connected with a sliding locking assembly.

[0021] When the hemispherical parts placed in the positive direction are adjusted by the application, the concave surface of the measured hemispherical part is directly buckled on the positive platform, the measured hemispherical part is preliminarily positioned by reading the three scales, and then the sliding locking assembly is used to lock the measured hemispherical part from three directions. During the locking process, the vertical axis of the measured hemispherical part can be adjusted to be coaxial with the positive platform as much as possible through the reading of the three scales.

[0022] Further, the sliding locking assembly comprises a sliding block slidably connected in the sliding groove, a connecting rod fixedly connected with the sliding block, a threaded hole formed in the top of the sliding block, a positioning protrusion extending upward at the radially inward end of the sliding block, and a bolt matched with the threaded hole; the connecting rod is connected at the radially outward end of the sliding block, and the end of the connecting rod away from the sliding block penetrates out of the sliding groove.

[0023] In the scheme, each sliding groove is slidably connected with a sliding block, the radially inward end of the sliding block is connected with the positioning protrusion, and the radially outward end of the sliding block is connected with the connecting rod. The connecting rod is partially located in the sliding groove, and the outer end of the connecting rod penetrates out of the sliding groove. This facilitates the workers to quickly and conveniently pull or push the connecting rod from the outside of the positive platform to control the sliding of the sliding block.

[0024] For the hemispherical parts with hollow interiors: the positions of the sliding blocks are moved in advance, so that the positioning protrusions are all located in the hollow area inside the hemispherical parts; after the measured hemispherical part is preliminarily positioned by reading the three scales, the connecting rods are pulled outwards until the corresponding positioning protrusions abut against the inner wall of the measured hemispherical part, and then the matched bolts are screwed into the corresponding threaded holes for locking.

[0025] For the hemispherical parts with solid interiors: the positions of the sliding blocks are moved in advance, so that the positioning protrusions are all located outside the hemispherical parts; after the measured hemispherical part is preliminarily positioned by reading the three scales, the connecting rods are pushed radially inward until the corresponding positioning protrusions abut against the outer wall of the measured hemispherical part, and then the matched bolts are screwed into the corresponding threaded holes for locking.

[0026] It can be seen that the application simultaneously realizes the positioning and installation requirements of precise leveling and centering of solid and hollow hemispherical parts through ingenious structure, significantly reduces the complexity of the device, improves the universality of the device, and expands the application range.

[0027] Further, the upside-down positioning support mechanism comprises a support seat detachably connected with the work platform, a rotating sleeve fixed on the support seat, and at least three support protrusions uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve.

[0028] In the scheme, the rotating sleeve has a horn structure, which is convenient for adapting to spherical parts of different sizes. In the scheme, the rotating module drives the adjusting module, the work platform, and the like to rotate, thereby driving the rotating sleeve and the measured spherical part thereon to rotate synchronously.

[0029] After the upside-down spherical part is placed in the rotating sleeve, the three support protrusions directly contact the spherical part, which can achieve a certain positioning effect. In addition, for some precision machinery, the spherical part is made of soft material. If the spherical part is in contact with the rotating sleeve in a large range, unnecessary wear and tear may occur, which may cause the spherical part to be damaged. In the scheme, only three support protrusions contact the measured spherical part, which can significantly reduce the risk of wear and tear and the probability of damage to the spherical part.

[0030] Further, the circumferential positioning module comprises a positioning ring, a bearing platform located in the central region of the positioning ring, and a double-axis level placed on the bearing platform.

[0031] Six through holes are arranged on the positioning ring in a ring shape.

[0032] The reference platform further comprises three lugs, and a positioning rod is arranged on each lug. The three positioning rods are distributed in an equilateral triangle. The positioning rods are matched with the through holes, and the positioning rods are used to movably pass through the through holes.

[0033] In the scheme, the three positioning rods are used to realize the circumferential positioning of the positioning ring in the circumferential positioning module and the reference platform in the adjusting module, so as to ensure the relative position between the adjusting module and the circumferential positioning module. The positioning rods are in clearance fit with the through holes, which is convenient for adjusting the height of the positioning ring and adapting to spherical parts of different sizes to be measured. At the same time, the positioning ring can be removed as needed during the adjustment process.

[0034] In the scheme, the position of the bearing platform relative to the positioning ring is fixed, and the installation position of the double-axis level on the bearing platform is also relatively fixed. Therefore, the bearing platform located in the center of the positioning ring can be used to center the double-axis level, so as to ensure that the double-axis level is located at the center position of the spherical part to be measured each time.

[0035] In addition, there are six through holes on the positioning ring, and only three positioning rods are matched. This is convenient for quickly and conveniently reinstalling the circumferential positioning module in place after rotating by 180° during the use of the application, so as to significantly improve the adjustment efficiency and ensure the adjustment accuracy.

[0036] Further, the radial positioning module comprises a base, a support mounted on the base, a longitudinal slide rail mounted on the support, a transverse slide rail slidingly fitted on the longitudinal slide rail, a distance measuring sensor slidingly fitted on the transverse slide rail, and a height positioning mechanism for positioning the transverse slide rail on the longitudinal slide rail.

[0037] A method for adjusting a semi-spherical part leveling and centering precision device, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step S1, based on the use condition of the measured semi-spherical part, selecting a normal positioning support mechanism or an inverted positioning support mechanism, and connecting the normal positioning support mechanism or the inverted positioning support mechanism to the adjusting module;

[0039] Step S2, placing the measured semi-spherical part on the normal positioning support mechanism in a normal direction, or placing the measured semi-spherical part on the inverted positioning support mechanism in an inverted direction, and positioning the measured semi-spherical part through the normal positioning support mechanism or the inverted positioning support mechanism;

[0040] Step S3, leveling and / or centering the measured semi-spherical part.

[0041] Further, the method for leveling the measured semi-spherical part comprises:

[0042] Step A, installing the circumferential positioning module on the reference platform of the adjusting module;

[0043] Facing the adjusting module, taking the front of the worker as the X axis, and taking the line connecting the left and right sides of the worker as the Y axis;

[0044] Defining the three adjusting knobs in the adjusting module as a first adjusting knob, a second adjusting knob, and a third adjusting knob, making the line connecting the first adjusting knob and the second adjusting knob parallel to the X axis, and making the second adjusting knob closer to the worker and the first adjusting knob farther away from the worker;

[0045] Step B, measuring the X-direction inclination angle α x and the Y-direction inclination angle α y of the top center of the measured semi-spherical part through the circumferential positioning module;

[0046] Step C, rotating the measured semi-spherical part by 180° through the rotating module, and measuring the X-direction inclination angle β x and the Y-direction inclination angle β y of the top center of the measured semi-spherical part through the circumferential positioning module;

[0047] Step D, calculating the X-direction adjustment value H x and the Y-direction adjustment value H y :

[0048] ;

[0049] ;

[0050] , ;

[0051] wherein: L is the length of the side of the equilateral triangle formed by the three adjustment knobs; γ x is the relative inclination angle in the X direction; γ y is the relative inclination angle in the Y direction;

[0052] Step E, keep the second adjustment knob unchanged, adjust the height of the first adjustment knob based on the X direction adjustment value, and adjust the height of the third adjustment knob based on the Y direction adjustment value.

[0053] The method for centering the measured hemispherical part comprises:

[0054] Step, make the worker face the adjustment module, and take the front of the worker as the X axis and the line connecting the left and right sides of the worker as the Y axis;

[0055] Make the radial positioning module located directly opposite the worker;

[0056] Make the sliding direction of the first supporting plate parallel to the X axis, and the first knob directly opposite the worker; make the sliding direction of the second supporting plate parallel to the Y axis;

[0057] Step , rotate the measured hemispherical part at a uniform speed of 360° through the rotating module, and sample at a specified frequency through the radial positioning module during the rotation to obtain the phase angle and radial distance corresponding to each sampling point;

[0058] Step , based on the phase angle and radial distance of all sampling points, calculate the X direction polar radius offset value D x , the Y direction polar radius offset value D y :

[0059] ;

[0060] ;

[0061] wherein: i represents the i-th sampling point; d i is the radial distance of the i-th sampling point; Δθ is the rotation angle corresponding to adjacent sampling points; i max1 , i max2 , i max3 , i max4a , i max4b , i min1 , imin2 , i min3 , i min4a , i min4b are all packet endpoints, and satisfy:

[0062] , , ,

[0063] , ,

[0064] , , ,

[0065] wherein: N is the total number of sampling points;

[0066] Step , adjusting the first knob based on the X-direction polar radius offset value;

[0067] Step , rotating the measured hemispherical part 90° through the rotating module, so that the second knob is directly opposite the worker, and the sliding direction of the second supporting plate is parallel to the X-axis, and adjusting the second knob based on the Y-direction polar radius offset value.

[0068] It can be seen that the centering method of the application can be completed through one 360° sampling and based on one adjustment of the first knob and the second knob respectively, the operation process is simple, the adjustment efficiency is extremely high, and at the same time, through the grouping calculation of each sampling point, the extremely high adjustment accuracy is ensured.

[0069] In summary, the adjustment method of the application is simple, and the worker can remain in place after standing to realize the leveling and centering of the measured hemispherical part, which can significantly improve the adjustment efficiency and reduce the operation difficulty compared with the complicated adjustment process of the prior art. In addition, the application calculates the leveling amount through the X-direction tilt angle and the Y-direction tilt angle, and calculates the centering amount through the X-direction polar radius offset value and the Y-direction polar radius offset value, which can accurately calculate the leveling and centering degree, significantly improve the accuracy of leveling and centering, and is more conducive to the adjustment and control of precision machinery.

[0070] In the adjustment method of the application, the grouping summation and decomposed data processing method is creatively used to calculate the polar radius offset values of the X-direction and the Y-direction, through simple summation operation and conventional mathematical calculation, the precise adjustment of the measured hemispherical part can be realized, which can obviously reduce the operation amount compared with the existing adjustment method, and further reduce the calculation difficulty, and at the same time, reduce the hardware and software requirements of the adjustment device.

[0071] The application has been verified by the inventor team experiment that the adjusting method can accurately adjust the hemispherical part within 10 mu m, significantly reduces the operation difficulty, and significantly improves the adjustment accuracy.

[0072] In summary, the application innovatively adopts a three-point support structure different from the prior art. By increasing the support span and introducing a leveling method based on spatial geometry, the system's anti-overturning ability and overall adjustment accuracy are significantly improved while retaining the inherent advantages of three-point leveling. The application effectively overcomes the problems of poor anti-overturning ability, low precision, insufficient stability, and "virtual legs" under heavy load conditions in traditional methods. It also overcomes the problems of complex process, complex algorithm, and inconvenient adjustment in traditional centering methods. The centering method used in the application creatively adopts an average grouping and bidirectional decomposition calculation idea, which has the advantages of easy operation, small calculation amount, and high adjustment accuracy.

[0073] Compared with the prior art, the application has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0074] 1. The hemispherical part leveling and centering precision device and its adjusting method can realize precise leveling and centering of hemispherical parts in different attitudes through a set of precision devices, with the advantages of low cost, simple structure, fast and convenient adjustment process, etc., which can reduce production, use and maintenance costs, and facilitate fast and convenient leveling and centering requirements.

[0075] 2. The hemispherical part leveling and centering precision device and its adjusting method can simultaneously realize precise leveling and centering positioning and installation of solid and hollow hemispherical parts through a clever structure, significantly reducing the complexity of the device, improving the versatility of the device, and expanding the application range.

[0076] 3. The hemispherical part leveling and centering precision device and its adjusting method have a simple and convenient adjustment process. The worker can realize leveling and centering of the measured hemispherical part by standing still, which can significantly improve the adjustment efficiency compared with the complex adjustment process of the prior art.

[0077] 4. The hemispherical part leveling and centering precision device and its adjusting method calculate the leveling amount through the X-direction inclination angle and the Y-direction inclination angle, and calculate the centering amount through the X-direction polar radius offset value and the Y-direction polar radius offset value, which can accurately calculate the leveling and centering degree, significantly improve the precision of leveling and centering, and be more conducive to the adjustment and control of precision machinery.

[0078] 5. The hemispherical part leveling and centering precision device and the adjusting method thereof, adopt the way of grouping summation and decomposing data to calculate the polar radius offset value of X and Y, through simple summation operation and conventional mathematical calculation, the precision adjustment of the measured hemispherical part can be realized, compared with the existing adjusting method, the operation amount can be obviously reduced, and then the calculation difficulty is reduced, and the software and hardware requirements of the adjusting device are reduced.

[0079] 6. The hemispherical part leveling and centering precision device and the adjusting method thereof, the adopted leveling and centering method has the advantages of simple operation and efficient calculation, and the system error and human operation error can be compensated / feedback in real time through algorithm, so that the high-precision adjustment of the inclination angle and the eccentricity is realized, and finally the coincidence precision of the part axis and the rotation center line is obviously improved, and the harsh index requirement of 10μm or even higher is met.

[0080] 7. The hemispherical part leveling and centering precision device and the adjusting method thereof, on the basis of retaining the inherent advantages of three-point leveling, the anti-overturning ability and overall stability precision of the system are obviously improved, and the effect of reliable adjustment and high precision is achieved at low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0081] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the present application, constitute a part of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings:

[0082] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the support module adopting the upside-down positioning support mechanism in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0083] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the support module adopting the upside-down positioning support mechanism in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0084] Figure 3 It is a side view of the adjusting module in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0085] Figure 4 It is a top view of the reference platform in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0086] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upside-down positioning support mechanism in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0087] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upside-down positioning support mechanism in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0088] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the circumferential positioning module in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0089] Figure 8Structure diagram of the radial positioning module in the embodiment of the present application;

[0090] Figure 9 Flowchart of the adjusting method in the embodiment of the present application;

[0091] Figure 10 Flowchart of the leveling of the measured hemispherical part in the embodiment of the present application;

[0092] Figure 11 Flowchart of the centering of the measured hemispherical part in the embodiment of the present application.

[0093] Markings in the drawings and corresponding component names:

[0094] 1-adjusting module, 2-rotating module, 3-supporting module, 4-circumferential positioning module, 5-radial positioning module, 9-positioning rod; 100-measured hemispherical part;

[0095] 101-reference platform, 102-adjusting platform, 103-working platform, 104-adjusting knob, 105-first supporting plate, 106-second supporting plate, 107-first knob, 108-second knob, 109-lug, 110-first ring groove, 111-second ring groove;

[0096] 401-positioning ring, 402-biaxial level, 403-through hole;

[0097] 501-base, 502-supporting piece, 503-longitudinal sliding rail, 504-transverse sliding rail, 505-height positioning mechanism, 506-distance measuring sensor;

[0098] 601-orthographic platform, 602-sliding groove, 603-scale, 604-sliding block, 605-connecting rod, 606-threaded through hole, 607-positioning protrusion;

[0099] 701-supporting seat, 702-rotary sleeve, 703-supporting protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0100] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below with examples and drawings. The schematic embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are only used to explain the present application and not as a limitation to the present application. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by terms such as "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the protection scope of the present application.

[0101] Example 1

[0102] As Figure 1 With Figure 2 a kind of hemispherical parts leveling centering precision device, including adjusting module 1, for driving the rotating module 2 of adjusting module 1, located on the support module 3 of adjusting module 1;The support module 3 is used to install the measured hemispherical parts, and the adjusting module 1 is used to level the centering of the support module 3;

[0103] Further comprising circumferential positioning module 4, radial positioning module 5, the circumferential positioning module 4 is used to measure the top level of the measured hemispherical parts, and the radial positioning module 5 is used to measure the eccentricity of the measured hemispherical parts;

[0104] The support module 3 in the embodiment includes detachable connection with the adjusting module 1 positive positioning support mechanism, upside-down positioning support mechanism. When using positive positioning support mechanism, as Figure 1 The measured hemispherical parts 100 concave surface downward;When using upside-down positioning support mechanism, as Figure 2 The measured hemispherical parts 100 concave surface upward.

[0105] The adjusting module 1 in the embodiment is as Figure 3 The adjusting module 1 in the embodiment is as

[0106] The reference platform 101 is fixedly installed on the rotating module 2; and the rotation axis of the rotating module 2 passes through the center point of the equilateral triangle composed of the three adjusting knobs 104.

[0107] The cross slide table comprises a first supporting plate 105 slidingly matched with the reference platform 101, a second supporting plate 106 slidingly matched on the first supporting plate 105, a first knob 107 for driving the first supporting plate 105 to slide horizontally, and a second knob 108 for driving the second supporting plate 106 to slide horizontally; the sliding directions of the first supporting plate 105 and the second supporting plate 106 are perpendicular to each other. That is, rotating the first knob 107 can drive the first supporting plate 105 to slide horizontally; and rotating the second knob 108 can drive the second supporting plate 106 to slide horizontally.

[0108] In a more preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 The surface of the working platform 103 is provided with concentrically distributed first ring grooves 110 and second ring grooves 111, and the second ring grooves 111 are located inside the first ring grooves 110. The first ring grooves 110 are used for installing the upright positioning support mechanism, and the second ring grooves 111 are used for installing the upside-down positioning support mechanism.

[0109] Embodiment 2:

[0110] A kind of hemispherical part leveling and centering precision device, based on embodiment 1, as shown in Figures 1 to 6 The specific structure of the upright positioning support mechanism and the upside-down positioning support mechanism is provided in this embodiment.

[0111] The upright positioning support mechanism please refer to Figure 1 And Figure 5 The upright positioning support mechanism comprises an upright platform 601 detachably connected with the working platform 103, the surface of the upright platform 601 is provided with three annularly distributed slide grooves 602, the length direction of the slide grooves 602 extends along the radial direction; each slide groove 602 is provided with a sliding locking assembly, the sliding locking assembly is used for positioning the radially placed measured hemispherical part; and the embodiment further comprises three scales 603 annularly distributed on the surface of the upright platform 601, the length direction of the scales 603 extends along the radial direction.

[0112] The sliding locking assembly in the embodiment comprises a sliding block 604 slidingly matched in the slide groove 602, a connecting rod 605 fixedly connected with the sliding block 604, a threaded through hole 606 formed in the top of the sliding block 604, a positioning protrusion 607 located at the radially inward end of the sliding block 604 and extending upward, and a bolt matched with the threaded through hole 606; the connecting rod 605 is connected at the radially outward end of the sliding block 604, and the end of the connecting rod 605 away from the sliding block 604 penetrates out of the slide groove 602.

[0113] Preferably, the sliding groove 602 adopts a anti-disengagement groove type, such as a dovetail groove, a T-shaped groove, etc., and the sliding block 604 structure matches the groove type of the sliding groove 602.

[0114] Preferably, a scale 603 is arranged at the angle bisector position between the two adjacent sliding grooves 602, that is, the scale 603 and the sliding groove 602 are alternately distributed at an angle of 60°.

[0115] Preferably, the top surface height of the scale 603 is higher than the surface of the normal platform 601 but lower than the top height of the positioning protrusion 607.

[0116] Preferably, for the hollow measured hemispherical parts, the distance between the threaded through hole 606 and the positioning protrusion 607 is greater than the wall thickness of the measured hemispherical part.

[0117] Preferably, the inner wall and / or the outer wall of the positioning protrusion 607 can be provided with a sensing device for sensing whether it is in contact with the measured hemispherical part; the sensing device can be realized by using a contact switch, a pressure sensor, a distance measuring sensor, etc. An indicating device connected with the sensing device signal can also be arranged at the outer end of the connecting rod 605, and when the sensing device senses that the positioning protrusion 607 contacts the measured hemispherical part, the indicating device sends an indicating signal. The indicating device can adopt a signal lamp, etc.

[0118] The upside-down positioning and supporting mechanism please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 , which comprises a supporting seat 701 detachably connected with the working platform 103, a rotating sleeve 702 fixed on the supporting seat 701, and at least three supporting protrusions 703 evenly arranged in the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 702; the rotating sleeve 702 is in the shape of a horn with a gradually decreasing inner diameter from top to bottom.

[0119] Embodiment 3:

[0120] A hemispherical part leveling and centering precision device, based on embodiment 2, this embodiment provides the specific structure of the circumferential positioning module 4 and the radial positioning module 5.

[0121] The circumferential positioning module 4 is as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7 , which comprises a positioning ring 401, a bearing platform located in the central area of the positioning ring 401, and a double-axis level 402 placed on the bearing platform.

[0122] Six annularly and evenly distributed through holes 403 are arranged on the positioning ring 401.

[0123] The reference platform 101 further comprises three lugs 109, each lug 109 being provided with a positioning rod 9, the three positioning rods 9 being distributed in an equilateral triangle; the positioning rod 9 is matched with the through hole 403, and the positioning rod 9 is used to movably pass through the through hole 403.

[0124] In the embodiment, the axis of the positioning ring 401 is collinear with the rotating shaft of the rotating module 2. The bearing platform is a disc-shaped structure and is coaxial with the positioning ring 401, and the bearing platform and the positioning ring 401 are fixedly connected through a plurality of connecting pieces.

[0125] Preferably, the bearing platform is provided with a mounting station for mounting the dual-axis level 402, and the dual-axis level 402 needs to be mounted on the bearing platform in a set orientation to ensure that the dual-axis level 402 mounted each time maintains the same relative positional relationship with the positioning ring 401.

[0126] Preferably, the size width of the positioning ring 401 matches the top of the inverted measured hemispherical part, so as to ensure that the positioning ring 401 can be stably placed on the top of the inverted measured hemispherical part.

[0127] The radial positioning module 5, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 8 , comprises a base 501, a support 502 mounted on the base 501, a longitudinal slide rail 503 mounted on the support 502, a transverse slide rail 504 slidably fitted on the longitudinal slide rail 503, a distance measuring sensor 506 slidably fitted on the transverse slide rail 504, and a height positioning mechanism 505 for positioning the transverse slide rail 504 on the longitudinal slide rail 503.

[0128] The distance measuring sensor 506 can adopt mature distance measuring methods such as infrared and laser, and the signal needs to be emitted in the horizontal direction, and the extension line of the signal propagation direction needs to pass through the rotating shaft of the rotating module 2.

[0129] The height positioning mechanism 505 can adopt a locking knob; when the locking knob is loosened, the height of the transverse slide rail 504 can be flexibly adjusted.

[0130] Embodiment 4:

[0131] Based on the adjustment method of the hemispherical part leveling and centering precision device in any of the above embodiments, leveling and centering operations can be performed on large or small, hollow or solid hemispherical parts. As shown in Figure 9 , the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0132] Step S1, select the support module 3 based on the use condition of the measured hemispherical part, that is, select the positive positioning support mechanism or the inverted positioning support mechanism, and connect the positive positioning support mechanism or the inverted positioning support mechanism to the adjusting module 1.

[0133] When the measured hemispherical part needs to be leveled and centered in a positive placement state, install the positive positioning support mechanism, and install the positive platform 601 on the working platform 103.

[0134] When the measured hemispherical part needs to be leveled and centered in an inverted state, install the inverted positioning support mechanism, and install the support seat 701 on the working platform 103.

[0135] Step S2, place the measured hemispherical part in a positive placement state on the positive positioning support mechanism, or place the measured hemispherical part in an inverted state on the inverted positioning support mechanism.

[0136] Position the measured hemispherical part through the positive positioning support mechanism or the inverted positioning support mechanism.

[0137] The method for positioning the measured hemispherical part through the positive positioning support mechanism includes:

[0138] For the measured hemispherical part 100 with an internal hollow: adjust the positions of the sliding blocks 604 through the connecting rods 605, so that the distances from the positioning protrusions 607 to the center of the positive platform 601 are all less than the inner diameter of the end face of the measured hemispherical part 100; buckle the measured hemispherical part 100 with the concave face downward on the positive platform 601, so that all the positioning protrusions 607 are located inside the measured hemispherical part 100; adjust the position of the measured hemispherical part 100 based on the scales 603, so that the readings of the outer wall of the measured hemispherical part 100 on the scales 603 are consistent; pull out the connecting rods 605 outward until the positioning protrusions 607 abut against the inner wall of the measured hemispherical part 100, and screw the matching bolts into the threaded through holes 606 and tighten.

[0139] For the measured hemispherical part 100 with an internal hollow: adjust the positions of the sliding blocks 604 through the connecting rods 605, so that the distances from the positioning protrusions 607 to the center of the positive platform 601 are all less than the inner diameter of the end face of the measured hemispherical part 100; buckle the measured hemispherical part 100 with the concave face downward on the positive platform 601, so that all the positioning protrusions 607 are located inside the measured hemispherical part 100; adjust the position of the measured hemispherical part 100 based on the scales 603, so that the readings of the outer wall of the measured hemispherical part 100 on the scales 603 are consistent; pull out the connecting rods 605 outward until the positioning protrusions 607 abut against the inner wall of the measured hemispherical part 100, and screw the matching bolts into the threaded through holes 606 and tighten.

[0140] The method for positioning the measured hemispherical part by the upside-down positioning and supporting mechanism comprises the following steps:

[0141] The measured hemispherical part 100 is placed in the rotary sleeve 702 with the concave surface upward, and the outer wall of the measured hemispherical part 100 is placed on the three supporting protrusions 703.

[0142] Step S3, leveling and / or centering the measured hemispherical part.

[0143] Preferably, as shown in Figure 9 , for the upside-down measured hemispherical part, leveling is performed first, and then centering is performed;

[0144] For the forwardly placed measured hemispherical part, since the end surface is buckled on the normal platform 601, when the normal platform 601 is horizontal, the end surface is necessarily horizontal, so there is no need to level it, and centering can be directly performed.

[0145] Embodiment 5:

[0146] Based on the adjustment method of the hemispherical part leveling and centering precision device, on the basis of embodiment 4, the method for leveling the measured hemispherical part is as shown in Figure 10 , and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0147] Step A, installing the circumferential positioning module 4 on the reference platform 101 of the adjustment module 1; specifically, passing the three positioning rods 9 on the reference platform 101 through the three through holes 403 on the positioning ring 401, lowering the positioning ring 401 to the top end surface of the measured hemispherical part 100, and installing the biaxial level 402 according to the preset orientation;

[0148] Facing the adjustment module 1, taking the front of the worker as the X axis and the left and right sides of the worker as the Y axis, and the X axis and Y axis directions are consistent with the X direction and Y direction inside the biaxial level 402;

[0149] Defining the three adjustment knobs 104 as a first adjustment knob, a second adjustment knob and a third adjustment knob, making the line connecting the first adjustment knob and the second adjustment knob parallel to the X axis, and the second adjustment knob closer to the worker, the first adjustment knob farther away from the worker, and the third adjustment knob on the right side of the worker;

[0150] Step B, measuring the X-direction inclination angle α x and the Y-direction inclination angle α y of the top center of the measured hemispherical part by the circumferential positioning module 4;

[0151] Step C, rotate the measured hemispherical part 180° by the rotating module 2; at this time, the line connecting the first adjusting knob and the second adjusting knob is still parallel to the X axis, the first adjusting knob is closer to the staff, the second adjusting knob is farther away from the staff, and the third adjusting knob is on the left side of the staff;

[0152] Measure the X-direction tilt angle β of the top center of the measured hemispherical part at this time by the circumferential positioning module 4 x , the Y-direction tilt angle β y ;

[0153] Step D, calculate the X-direction adjusting value H x , the Y-direction adjusting value H y :

[0154] ;

[0155] ;

[0156] , ;

[0157] In the formula, L is the side length of the equilateral triangle formed by the three adjusting knobs; γ x is the X-direction relative tilt angle; γ y is the Y-direction relative tilt angle;

[0158] Step E, keep the second adjusting knob unchanged, adjust the height of the first adjusting knob based on the X-direction adjusting value, and adjust the height of the third adjusting knob based on the Y-direction adjusting value. That is, if the X-direction adjusting value is positive, rotate the first adjusting knob to raise the top end height of the first adjusting knob by a value corresponding to the X-direction adjusting value; on the contrary, if the X-direction adjusting value is negative, rotate the first adjusting knob to lower the top end height of the first adjusting knob by a value corresponding to the X-direction adjusting value; the adjustment method of the second adjusting knob is the same.

[0159] Example 6:

[0160] Based on the adjusting method of the hemispherical part leveling and centering precision device, the method for centering the measured hemispherical part on the basis of example 4 or 5 is as shown in Figure 11 , and specifically includes:

[0161] Step , the staff faces the adjusting module 1, the front of the staff is the X axis, and the left and right sides of the staff are the Y axis;

[0162] The radial positioning module 5 is located opposite the staff; that is, the staff and the radial positioning module 5 are located on opposite sides of the measured hemispherical part 100, and the signal emitted by the distance measuring sensor 506 horizontally passes through the rotating shaft of the rotating module 2;

[0163] The sliding direction of the first pallet 105 is parallel to the X axis, and the first knob 107 is directly opposite the worker; the sliding direction of the second pallet 106 is parallel to the Y axis;

[0164] Step , the measured hemispherical part is uniformly rotated 360° by the rotating module 2, and in the rotating process, the radial positioning module 5 is used to sample at a specified sampling frequency f s , so as to obtain the phase angle θ i and the radial distance d i corresponding to each sampling point;

[0165] Step , based on the phase angle and the radial distance of all sampling points, the X-direction polar radius offset value D x and the Y-direction polar radius offset value D y are calculated:

[0166] ;

[0167] ;

[0168] In the formula: i represents the i-th sampling point; d i is the radial distance of the i-th sampling point; Δθ is the rotation angle corresponding to adjacent sampling points; i max1 , i max2 , i max3 , i max4a , i max4b , i min1 , i min2 , i min3 , i min4a , i min4b are all group end points, and satisfy:

[0169] , , ,

[0170] , , ,

[0171] , , , ;

[0172] In the formula: N is the total number of sampling points;

[0173] Step , the first knob 107 is adjusted based on the X-direction polar radius offset value; that is, if the X-direction polar radius offset value is positive, the first knob 107 is turned to move the first supporting plate 105 in the positive direction of the X-axis by a value corresponding to the X-direction polar radius offset value; conversely, if the X-direction polar radius offset value is negative, the first knob 107 is turned to move the first supporting plate 105 in the negative direction of the X-axis by a value corresponding to the X-direction polar radius offset value;

[0174] the step , the second knob 108 is adjusted based on the Y-direction polar radius offset value to move the second supporting plate 106. The adjustment principle of the second supporting plate 106 is the same as that of the first supporting plate 105.

[0175] More preferably, in the step , for the convenience of operation, the measured semi-spherical part can also be turned 90° by the rotating module 2, so that the second knob 108 directly faces the operator and the sliding direction of the second supporting plate 106 is parallel to the X-axis; then the second knob 108 is adjusted based on the Y-direction polar radius offset value to move the second supporting plate 106.

[0176] The above detailed description further explains the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0177] It should be noted that, in this document, the relationship terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. In addition, the term "connected" used in this document can be directly connected or indirectly connected via other components without special description.

Claims

1. A precision device for leveling and self-aligning hemispherical parts, characterized in that, The device comprises an adjusting module (1), a rotating module (2) for driving the adjusting module (1) to rotate, and a supporting module (3) on the adjusting module (1); the supporting module (3) is used for mounting a measured hemispherical part, and the adjusting module (1) is used for leveling and centering the supporting module (3); The device further comprises a circumferential positioning module (4) for measuring the top level of the measured hemispherical part and a radial positioning module (5) for measuring the eccentricity of the measured hemispherical part; The supporting module (3) comprises a normal-positioning supporting mechanism and an upside-down positioning supporting mechanism which are detachably connected with the adjusting module (1); The adjusting module (1) comprises a reference platform (101), a cross slide installed on the reference platform (101), an adjusting platform (102) fixed on the cross slide, and a working platform (103) above the adjusting platform (102); the adjusting platform (102) and the working platform (103) are connected through three adjusting knobs (104) in an equilateral triangle distribution; the bottom end of the adjusting knob (104) is in threaded connection with the adjusting platform (102), and the top end of the adjusting knob (104) is in rotational connection with the working platform (103); The normal-positioning supporting mechanism comprises a normal-positioning platform (601) which is detachably connected with the working platform (103); the normal-positioning platform (601) is provided with three annularly and uniformly distributed slide grooves (602) on the surface, and the length direction of the slide groove (602) extends in the radial direction; each slide groove (602) is provided with a sliding locking assembly; the sliding locking assembly is used for radially positioning the measured hemispherical part placed in the normal direction; the normal-positioning platform (601) is further provided with three scale rulers (603) which are annularly and uniformly distributed on the surface and extend in the radial direction; The sliding locking assembly comprises a sliding block (604) slidingly fitted in the slide groove (602), a connecting rod (605) fixedly connected with the sliding block (604), a threaded through hole (606) formed in the top of the sliding block (604), a positioning protrusion (607) extending upward from the radially inward end of the sliding block (604), and a bolt matched with the threaded through hole (606); the connecting rod (605) is connected to the radially outward end of the sliding block (604), and the end of the connecting rod (605) away from the sliding block (604) penetrates out of the slide groove (602); The circumferential positioning module (4) comprises a positioning ring (401), a bearing platform in the central region of the positioning ring (401), and a double-axis level (402) placed on the bearing platform; Six annularly and uniformly distributed through holes (403) are formed in the positioning ring (401). The benchmark platform (101) further comprises three lugs (109), each lug (109) is provided with a positioning rod (9), and the three positioning rods (9) are distributed in an equilateral triangle shape; the positioning rod (9) is matched with the through hole (403), and the positioning rod (9) is used for movably penetrating through the through hole (403).

2. The precision device for leveling and centering a semi-spherical part according to claim 1, wherein, The cross slide table comprises a first supporting plate (105) slidably matched with the benchmark platform (101), a second supporting plate (106) slidably matched on the first supporting plate (105), a first knob (107) used for driving the first supporting plate (105) to slide horizontally, and a second knob (108) used for driving the second supporting plate (106) to slide horizontally; the sliding directions of the first supporting plate (105) and the second supporting plate (106) are perpendicular to each other.

3. The precision device for leveling and centering a semi-spherical part according to claim 1, wherein, The upside-down positioning and supporting mechanism comprises a supporting seat (701) detachably connected with the working platform (103), a rotary sleeve (702) fixed on the supporting seat (701), and at least three supporting protrusions (703) uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the rotary sleeve (702); the inner diameter of the rotary sleeve (702) gradually decreases from top to bottom.

4. The precision device for leveling and aligning a semi-spherical part according to claim 1, wherein, The radial positioning module (5) comprises a base (501), a supporting piece (502) mounted on the base (501), a longitudinal slide rail (503) mounted on the supporting piece (502), a transverse slide rail (504) slidably matched with the longitudinal slide rail (503), a distance measuring sensor (506) slidably matched with the transverse slide rail (504), and a height positioning mechanism (505) used for positioning the transverse slide rail (504) on the longitudinal slide rail (503).

5. The adjustment method of the semi-spherical part leveling and centering precision device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, selecting a normal-positioning and supporting mechanism or an upside-down positioning and supporting mechanism based on the use condition of the measured hemispherical part, and connecting the normal-positioning and supporting mechanism or the upside-down positioning and supporting mechanism on the adjusting module (1); Step S2, placing the measured hemispherical part on the normal-positioning and supporting mechanism in a normal direction, or placing the measured hemispherical part on the upside-down positioning and supporting mechanism in an upside-down direction, and positioning the measured hemispherical part through the normal-positioning and supporting mechanism or the upside-down positioning and supporting mechanism; Step S3, leveling and / or centering the measured hemispherical part.

6. The conditioning method of claim 5, wherein, The method for leveling the measured hemispherical part comprises the following steps: Step A, installing the circumferential positioning module (4) on the benchmark platform (101) of the adjusting module (1); Making the worker face the adjusting module (1), taking the front of the worker as an X axis, and taking the line connecting the left and right sides of the worker as a Y axis; Defining three adjusting knobs (104) in the adjusting module (1) as a first adjusting knob, a second adjusting knob and a third adjusting knob, making the line connecting the first adjusting knob and the second adjusting knob parallel to the X axis, and making the second adjusting knob closer to the worker and the first adjusting knob farther away from the worker; Step B: Measure the X direction tilt angle a of the top center of the measured semi-spherical part by the circumferential positioning module (4) x , Y direction tilt angle a y ; Step C, rotate the measured semi-spherical part 180° by the rotating module (2); measure the X-direction tilt angle β of the top center of the measured semi-spherical part at this time by the circumferential positioning module (4) x , the Y-direction tilt angle β y ; Step D, calculating X-direction adjustment value H x , Y-direction adjustment value H y : Step E, keeping the second adjusting knob unchanged, adjusting the height of the first adjusting knob based on an X-direction adjusting value, and adjusting the height of the third adjusting knob based on a Y-direction adjusting value.

7. The conditioning method of claim 6, wherein, X-direction adjustment value H x Y-direction adjustment value H y by the following equation: ； ； ， ； In the formula: L is the side length of the equilateral triangle formed by the three adjustment knobs; γ x is the relative inclination angle in the X direction; γ y is the relative inclination angle in the Y direction.

8. The conditioning method of claim 5, wherein, The method for aligning the measured semi-spherical part comprises the following steps: Step , make the staff face the adjustment module (1), to the staff in front of the right front as the X axis, to the staff left and right sides as the Y axis; Positioning the radial positioning module (5) in front of the operator; Making the sliding direction of the first supporting plate (105) parallel to the X axis and the first knob (107) facing the operator; making the sliding direction of the second supporting plate (106) parallel to the Y axis; Step , rotate the measured hemispherical part at a constant speed by 360° through the rotating module (2), and sample at a specified frequency through the radial positioning module (5) during the rotation process to obtain the phase angle and radial distance corresponding to each sampling point; Step , calculating the X-direction polar radius offset value D based on the phase angle and the radial distance of all sampling points x , Y-direction polar radius offset value D y : ； ； wherein: i represents the ith sampling point; d i is the radial distance of the ith sampling point; Δθ is the rotation angle corresponding to adjacent sampling points; i max1 , i max2 , i max3 , i max4a , i max4b , i min1 , i min2 , i min3 , i min4a , i min4b are all the grouping end points, and satisfy: ， ， ， ， ， ， ， ， ， ； In the formula, N is the total number of sampling points; Step adjusting the first knob (107) based on the X-direction polar radius offset value; Step , the second knob (108) is adjusted based on the polar radius offset value in the Y direction.

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