Pressure vessel and method for manufacturing same

Abstract

The invention provides a pressure vessel. The pressure vessel comprises a bushing and a composite material. The bush includes: a cylinder portion constituting a central region of an outer surface of the bush; and a head portion constituting a peripheral region of an outer surface of the bush and connected to both opposite ends of the cylindrical portion in the length direction, in which an imaginary straight line passing through a center of the bush and extending in the length direction is defined as a reference straight line. The composite material includes: a plurality of bands surrounding an outer surface of the liner; and a first composite material region in which the plurality of tape groups, which form around the head portion and in which only a portion of the tape groups overlap each other, are stacked in the lengthwise direction, in which the first composite material region is rotationally symmetric with respect to the reference straight line.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0064099, filed on May 16, 2024, which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This invention relates to pressure vessels and methods for manufacturing them. Background Technology

[0004] For pressure vessels containing high-pressure fluids, reinforcing layers are stacked on the vessel using a fiber winding process to withstand internal pressure loads. To effectively design such pressure vessels, continuous fiber composite materials, which are anisotropic, must be arranged in different directions.

[0005] The continuous fiber composite material is then laminated in a planar winding (polar winding) or helical winding manner to reinforce the end cap of the bushing. In the case of reinforcing the end cap with this winding, if the reinforcement point (pole) of the end cap is specified, the orientation angle of the composite material around the cylindrical portion is determined.

[0006] For traditional pressure vessels, in order to simplify the mechanical model, the fixed position of the belts on the same layer or the influence between adjacent belts is not considered during manufacturing. Therefore, in traditional pressure vessels manufactured without considering the influence between adjacent belts, cracks may occur between adjacent belts or a portion of the belt may fold due to the internal pressure load applied to the pressure vessel, resulting in permanent deformation of the pressure vessel. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The embodiments of the present invention can solve the problems that have occurred in the prior art, while retaining the advantages of the prior art.

[0008] Embodiments of the present invention provide a pressure vessel that, while taking into account the influence between adjacent zones, prevents cracks from occurring between adjacent zones due to internal pressure loads.

[0009] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a pressure vessel that prevents permanent deformation of the pressure vessel caused by partial folding of the belt due to internal pressure loads.

[0010] The technical problems that can be solved by the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to those described above, and any other technical problems not mentioned herein will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present application, a pressure vessel includes a liner configured such that pressure acts on an inner surface thereof, and a composite material including a plurality of tapes surrounding an outer surface of the liner. The liner includes a cylindrical portion constituting a central region of the outer surface of the liner, and a head portion constituting a peripheral region of the outer surface of the liner and connected to opposite ends of the cylindrical portion in a lengthwise direction, a notional straight line passing through a center of the liner and extending in the lengthwise direction being defined as a reference straight line. The composite material includes a first composite material region having a form surrounding the head portion and in which a plurality of tape groups that overlap each other only partially are stacked in the lengthwise direction, and the first composite material region is rotationally symmetrical about the reference straight line.

[0012] Further, each of the plurality of tape groups can have a form rotationally symmetrical about the reference straight line around a middle portion of the head portion.

[0013] Further, the plurality of tape groups can have similar forms.

[0014] Further, when a direction in which the plurality of tape groups are stacked is defined as a stacking direction, and when, among the plurality of tape groups, a tape group located on one side in the stacking direction in any two tape groups adjacent to each other in the stacking direction is defined as a stacked tape group, and a tape group located on one side in a direction opposite to the stacking direction in the any two tape groups is defined as a reference tape group, the stacked tape group can overlap the reference tape group in the stacking direction and can have a form rotated around the reference straight line and rotated by a stacking angle with respect to the reference tape group in a first circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion.

[0015] Further, the stacking angle can be not less than 1 degree and not more than 30 degrees.

[0016] Further, when, among the plurality of tapes, a tape constituting any partial region of the reference tape group is defined as a reference tape, and a tape constituting any partial region of the stacked tape group and stacked on the reference tape on the head portion is defined as a stacked tape, a region of the reference tape surrounding the cylindrical portion and a region of the stacked tape surrounding the cylindrical portion can be arranged to contact each other on one side in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the reference tape and the stacked tape extend.

[0017] Further, each of the plurality of tape groups can include a crossing region that is a region in which any two different tapes among the plurality of tapes cross each other, and the crossing region can be provided on the head portion.

[0018] Further, an angle formed by the any two different tapes forming the crossing region among the plurality of tapes can be not less than 50 degrees and not more than 90 degrees.

[0019] Further, among the any two different tapes forming the crossing region among the plurality of tapes, a region of one tape surrounding the cylindrical portion and a region of the other tape surrounding the cylindrical portion can be spaced apart from each other with the cylindrical portion interposed therebetween.

[0020] Further, a plurality of cross regions can be provided, and the plurality of cross regions can be rotationally symmetrical about the reference straight line.

[0021] Further, each of the plurality of band groups can further include a plurality of extension regions extending between any two adjacent cross regions of the plurality of cross regions and alternately arranged with the plurality of cross regions along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion, and the plurality of extension regions can be constituted by a plurality of different bands.

[0022] Further, in the plurality of cross regions respectively provided in the plurality of band groups, centers of the cross regions contacting each other in the length direction can be arranged in a spiral pattern.

[0023] Further, each of the plurality of bands can include a plurality of cylindrical regions surrounding the cylindrical portion, and sizes of angles formed by the plurality of cylindrical regions and the reference straight line can be the same.

[0024] Further, the composite material can further include a second composite material region surrounding the cylindrical portion, and a thickness of the first composite material region in a stacking direction, when a direction in which the plurality of band groups are stacked is defined as the stacking direction, can be greater than a thickness of the second composite material region in a radial direction of the cylindrical portion.

[0025] Further, the thickness of the first composite material region in the stacking direction can be formed to be greater from an area where the head portion and the cylindrical portion are connected to each other to a middle portion of the head portion.

[0026] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel includes a preparation operation of preparing a liner configured such that a pressure is applied to an inner surface thereof, and a winding operation of winding a band-shaped base material on an outer surface of the liner. The winding operation includes a reference band group forming operation of forming a reference band group on a head portion of the liner by winding the band-shaped base material on the outer surface of the liner, in which a plurality of reference bands corresponding to a first partial region of the wound band-shaped base material are sequentially formed on the head portion in a circumferential direction of a cylindrical portion, and a stacked band group forming operation of forming a stacked band group on the head portion by winding the band-shaped base material on the reference band group, in which a plurality of stacked bands corresponding to a second partial region of the wound band-shaped base material are sequentially formed on the head portion in the circumferential direction, and in which the stacked band group forming operation includes forming the plurality of stacked bands such that the plurality of stacked bands pass over centers of the plurality of reference bands on the head portion to respectively correspond to the plurality of reference bands.

[0027] Further, when any one of the plurality of reference bands is defined as a first reference band, and a layering band corresponding to the first reference band and formed to cross the first reference band among the plurality of layering bands is defined as a first layering band, the layering band group forming operation can include forming the layering band group to form a layering angle by the first reference band and the first layering band, the layering band group forming operation can be repeatedly performed a plurality of times, when any one of the layering band group forming operations performed a plurality of times is defined as a first operation, and an operation performed immediately after the first operation among the layering band group forming operations performed a plurality of times is defined as a second operation, a second layering band group formed in the second operation can be layered on a first layering band group formed in the first operation, and the second band group can have a form overlapping the first layering band group in the layering direction and rotating the layering angle with respect to the first layering band group in the first circumferential direction around the reference straight line. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] The above and other objects, features and advantages of embodiments of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

[0029] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present application taken along a length direction thereof;

[0031] Figure 3 is a view schematically showing one side in a length direction of a pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 is a view schematically showing a plurality of band groups according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figures 5A-5D is a view sequentially showing states in which a plurality of band groups are layered on a pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present application; and

[0034] Figure 6 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In adding reference numerals to components in the drawings, it should be noted that the same components are designated by the same reference numerals even though they are drawn in different drawings. Further, in describing the embodiments of the present application, detailed description of known related known structures and functions incurs the understanding of the embodiments of the present application, and thus its detailed description will be omitted.

[0036] Hereinafter, a pressure vessel 10 according to an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present application taken along a length direction thereof.

[0038] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the pressure vessel 10 can be used for a vehicle including a hydrogen fuel cell. A high-pressure fluid, for example, high-pressure hydrogen gas, can be contained in an inside of the pressure vessel 10. In addition, the fluid contained in the inside of the pressure vessel 10 can be discharged to an outside of the pressure vessel 10. The pressure vessel 10 can include a liner 100, a composite material 200, and a nozzle 300.

[0039] An inside space "S" for containing a fluid can be formed in the liner 100. The inside space "S" can be surrounded by an inner surface of the liner 100. As an example, the liner 100 can be formed of plastic. The liner 100 can include a cylindrical portion 110 and a head portion 120.

[0040] The cylindrical portion 110 can constitute a central region of the liner 100. As an example, the cylindrical portion 110 can have a cylindrical shape.

[0041] The head portion 120 can constitute a peripheral region of the liner 100. As an example, the head portion 120 can have a semi-spherical shape having a hole in a center thereof. A plurality of head portions 120 can be provided. The plurality of head portions 120 can be provided in two separate regions which are disposed apart from each other in the length direction L with the cylindrical portion 110 interposed therebetween. Each of the two head portions 120 can be connected to opposite sides of the cylindrical portion 110 in the length direction L.

[0042] The length direction L can refer to a direction parallel to a height direction of a cylinder of the cylindrical portion 110 having a cylindrical shape. In addition, the circumferential directions C1, C2 can refer to circumferential directions of the cylindrical portion 110 having a cylindrical shape. The circumferential directions can include a first circumferential direction C1 and a second circumferential direction C2. The first circumferential direction C1 and the second circumferential direction C2 can be opposite directions. For example, referring to Figure 3 When one side of the pressure vessel 10 in the length direction L is viewed in parallel to a reference straight line CL, one of the first circumferential direction C1 and the second circumferential direction C2 can be a clockwise direction, and the other can be a counterclockwise direction. However, embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto, and the first circumferential direction C1 and the second circumferential direction C2 can be changed according to a direction in which the pressure vessel 10 is viewed. As an example, the two head portions 120 and the cylindrical portion 110 can be integrally formed.

[0043] The composite material 200 can be configured to surround the outer surface of the liner 100. The composite material 200 can include a plurality of bands. A band can be constituted by a continuous band-shaped base material in a winding region. For example, one band can refer to a unit region in a winding region that surrounds the outer surface of the liner 100 once. In other words, the plurality of bands can be constituted by a band-shaped base material having a continuous band form.

[0044] For example, the band-shaped base material can have a material impregnated with fibers such as a polymer, a metal, or a ceramic. As a specific example, the band-shaped base material can include a plurality of fibers F. The plurality of fibers F can be arranged in a width direction of the band-shaped base material. The width direction of the band-shaped base material can refer to a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the band-shaped base material extends. The composite material 200 can include a first composite material region 210, a second composite material region 220, and a third composite material region 230.

[0045] Figure 3 To illustrate a view of one side of a pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present application in a length direction thereof.

[0046] Further referring to Figure 3 The first composite material region 210 can refer to a region of the composite material 200 surrounding the head portion 120 of the liner 100. Two first composite material regions 210 can be provided, and they can be provided in two head portions 120 on opposite sides of the liner 100 in the length direction L, respectively.

[0047] The first composite material region 210 can have a form that is rotationally symmetric about the reference straight line CL. For example, the first composite material region 210 can have a form that is rotationally symmetric n times (n > 2). As a specific example, when the first composite material region 210 is divided into n symmetric regions, each symmetric region can have the same rotational angle of 360 degrees / n along the first circumferential direction Cl, and the n symmetric regions can have the same form. When one side of the pressure vessel 10 in the length direction L is observed parallel to the reference straight line CL, the symmetric regions can have a form similar to an unfolded sector.

[0048] As a more specific example, each of the n symmetric regions can have the same size and form in the circumferential directions Cl, C2 and the length direction L. As an example, the first composite material region 210 can have a form that is rotationally symmetric 4 times, as shown in Figure 3 However, embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto, and the first composite material region 210 can have a form that is rotationally symmetric any one of natural numbers 3 and 5 or more times.

[0049] The first composite material region 210 can have a configuration in which a plurality of band groups 211 are laminated so as to overlap each other only partially. For example, a laminated band group 211a, which is one of the plurality of band groups 211, and a reference band group 211b, which is another of the plurality of band groups 211, can overlap only partially in a lamination direction, and can have a configuration in which the laminated band group 211a is rotated by a lamination angle a around a reference straight line CL in a first circumferential direction C1. The band group 211 can be defined by an angular shape including the plurality of bands. In addition, a rotational symmetric structure of the plurality of bands can be defined by the band group 211, and a unit composed of the plurality of band groups 211 can be referred to as a "layer" or a "lamination layer" to ensure that the liner 100 is covered seamlessly.

[0050] The laminated band group 211a can refer to a band group that is located opposite in the lamination direction among any two of the plurality of band groups 211. The reference band group 211b can refer to a band group that is located opposite in a direction opposite to the lamination direction among any two of the plurality of band groups 211. In addition, two band groups that are adjacent to each other in the lamination direction can refer to surfaces of the two band groups that directly contact each other in the lamination direction. As an example, the lamination angle a can be not less than 1 degree and not more than 30 degrees. As a preferred example, the lamination angle a can be not less than 1 degree and not more than 10 degrees.

[0051] In addition, each of the plurality of band groups 211 can have a similar configuration. For example, when a side of the pressure vessel 10 in the length direction L is observed in a direction parallel to the reference straight line CL, each of the plurality of band groups 211 can have a corresponding configuration. It can be understood that each of the plurality of band groups 211 having a corresponding configuration means not only a case in which each of the plurality of band groups 211 has the same configuration, but also a case in which each of the plurality of band groups 211 has a similar configuration that has the same function and effect as when each of the plurality of band groups 211 has the same configuration.

[0052] Hereinafter, a relationship between any five of the plurality of band groups 211 that are laminated in sequence will be described with reference to Figure 4

[0053] Figure 4 A view for illustrating the plurality of band groups according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] ​The plurality of belt groups 211 can include a first belt group 211al, a second belt group 211a2, a third belt group 211a3, a fourth belt group 211a4, and a fifth belt group 211a5. The second belt group 211a2 can be laminated on the first belt group 211al, the third belt group 211a3 can be laminated on the second belt group 211a2, the fourth belt group 211a4 can be laminated on the third belt group 211a3, and the fifth belt group 211a5 can be laminated on the fourth belt group 211a4. The first to fifth belt groups 211al, 211a2, 211a3, 211a4, and 211a5 can be contiguous with each other in the length direction L.

[0055] The regions where the first to fifth belt groups 211al, 211a2, 211a3, 211a4, and 211a5 are connected to each other in contact can be named as a first belt group portion, a second belt group portion, a third belt group portion, a fourth belt group portion, and a fifth belt group portion, respectively.

[0056] The first to fifth belt group portions can be oriented in the first to fifth directions, respectively. For example, the fibers F included in the first belt group portion can be oriented in the first direction, the fibers F included in the second belt group portion can be oriented in the second direction, the fibers F included in the third belt group portion can be oriented in the third direction, the fibers F included in the fourth belt group portion can be oriented in the fourth direction, and the fibers F included in the fifth belt group portion can be oriented in the fifth direction.

[0057] Further, an imaginary straight line extending in the first direction can be defined as a first straight line LI, an imaginary straight line extending in the second direction can be defined as a second straight line L2, an imaginary straight line extending in the third direction can be defined as a third straight line L3, an imaginary straight line extending in the fourth direction can be defined as a fourth straight line L4, and an imaginary straight line extending in the fifth direction can be defined as a fifth straight line L5.

[0058] The second straight line L2 can be formed to be inclined by a lamination angle a on the first circumferential direction CI with respect to the first straight line LI. The third straight line L3 can be formed to be inclined by the lamination angle a on the first circumferential direction CI with respect to the second straight line L2. The fourth straight line L4 can be formed to be inclined by the lamination angle a on the first circumferential direction CI with respect to the third straight line L3. In addition, the fifth straight line L5 can be formed to be inclined by the lamination angle a on the first circumferential direction CI with respect to the fourth straight line L4. In other words, in the plurality of belt groups 211, two belt groups connected to each other in any two adjacent belt groups can form the same lamination angle a.

[0059] The plurality of band groups 211 can be disposed to surround a middle portion of the closure head 120. Also, each of the plurality of band groups 211 can have a form that is rotationally symmetrical n times (n > 2) about the reference straight line CL. The band group 211 having a form that is rotationally symmetrical n times about the reference straight line CL can refer to a form that is completely overlapped with the band group 211 before rotation when the form of the band group 211 is rotated 360 degrees / n about the reference straight line CL.

[0060] For example, each of the plurality of band groups 211 can have a form that is rotationally symmetrical 4 times about the reference straight line CL. That is, the form of the band group 211 can be a form that is completely overlapped with the band group 211 before rotation when the band group 211 is rotated 90 degrees (360 degrees / 4) about the reference straight line CL.

[0061] If a certain partial area of the reference band group 211b is defined as a first reference band, an area of the first reference band surrounding the cylindrical portion 110 is defined as a reference cylindrical area, and a certain partial area of the stacked band group 211a is defined as a first stacked band, an area of the first stacked band surrounding the cylindrical portion 110 is defined as a stacked cylindrical area, the reference cylindrical area and the stacked cylindrical area can be disposed to contact each other in an abutment direction, which is a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the reference cylindrical area and the stacked cylindrical area extend. For example, one side of the reference cylindrical area in the abutment direction can contact an opposite side of the stacked cylindrical area in the abutment direction.

[0062] The first reference band can refer to any one of the plurality of reference bands 211b-1 constituting one reference band group 211b. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, when the reference band group 211b has a form that is rotationally symmetrical 4 times, one reference band group 211b can include 4 reference bands 211b-1, and the 4 reference bands 211b-1 can be respectively named a first reference band, a second reference band, a third reference band, and a fourth reference band. Figure 3

[0063] The first stacked band can be stacked on the first reference band in the closure head 120. The first stacked band can refer to a stacked band that is stacked on the first reference band to cross a center of the first reference band among the plurality of stacked bands 211a-1 constituting one stacked band group 211a.

[0064] ​For example, one layering tape group 211a can include four layering tapes 211a-1, and the four layering tapes 211a-1 can be named as a first layering tape, a second layering tape, a third layering tape, and a fourth layering tape, respectively. In addition, the first layering tape can be disposed to cross over the center of the first reference tape, the second layering tape can be disposed to cross over the center of the second reference tape, the third layering tape can be disposed to cross over the center of the third reference tape, and the fourth layering tape can be disposed to cross over the center of the fourth reference tape. In other words, the plurality of layering tapes 211a-1 can be disposed to cross over the center of the plurality of reference tapes 211b-1, respectively, corresponding to the plurality of reference tapes 211b-1.

[0065] In addition, although the number of the plurality of layering tapes 211a-1 and the plurality of reference tapes 211b-1 has been described above as four, this is merely an example, and the number of the plurality of layering tapes 211a-1 and the plurality of reference tapes can be n, such as any one of three or five or a larger natural number.

[0066] In addition, the size of the first winding angle (an angle formed by the first cylinder direction and the reference straight line CL, where the first cylinder direction is a direction in which the reference cylinder region extends) and the size of the second winding angle (an angle formed by the second cylinder direction and the reference straight line CL, where the second cylinder direction is a direction in which the layering cylinder region extends) can be the same.

[0067] Each of the plurality of tape groups 211 can include a crossing region and an extending region. The crossing region can refer to a region in which any two different tapes among the plurality of tapes cross each other. The crossing region can be disposed on the head portion 120.

[0068] A plurality of crossing regions can be disposed. For example, the four layering tapes 211a-1 constituting one layering tape group 211a can form four crossing regions 211a-11 (a first crossing region, a second crossing region, a third crossing region, and a fourth crossing region). As a more specific example, the first layering tape and the second layering tape can form the first crossing region, the second layering tape and the third layering tape can form the second crossing region, the third layering tape and the fourth layering tape can form the third crossing region, and the fourth layering tape and the first layering tape can form the fourth crossing region. In other words, n layering tapes constituting one layering tape group 211a can form n crossing regions.

[0069] In addition, as an example, the size of the crossing angle b (an angle formed by any two different tapes forming a crossing region) can be 50 degrees or less or 90 degrees. In a preferred example, the size of the crossing angle b can be 40 degrees or less or 90 degrees.

[0070] Further, the sizes of the intersection angles formed by the plurality of intersection regions, respectively, can be the same. For example, a first intersection angle formed by the first layering tape and the second layering tape, a second intersection angle formed by the second layering tape and the third layering tape, a third intersection angle formed by the third layering tape and the fourth layering tape, and a fourth intersection angle formed by the fourth layering tape and the first layering tape can be the same.

[0071] Further, in any two different tapes in which the intersection regions are formed in the plurality of tapes, the regions around the cylindrical portion 110 of either tape and the regions around the cylindrical portion of the other tape can be spaced apart from each other with the cylindrical portion 110 interposed therebetween. For example, the two regions around the cylindrical portion 110 of the first layering tape and the second layering tape that form the first intersection region can be spaced apart from each other with the cylindrical portion 110 interposed therebetween.

[0072] The plurality of intersection regions can be rotationally symmetrical about the reference straight line CL. For example, when a side of the pressure vessel 10 in the length direction L is observed in a direction parallel to the reference straight line CL, the plurality of cross sections can be rotationally symmetrical. The plurality of intersection regions can be arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential directions Cl, C2 to surround the middle portion of the head portion 120.

[0073] Further, in the plurality of intersection regions provided in each of the plurality of tape groups 211, the centers of the intersection regions that are connected to each other in the length direction L to contact each other can be arranged in a spiral pattern. In the length direction L, the plurality of tape groups 211 can include a first tape group 211al, a second tape group 211a2, a third tape group 211a3, and a fourth tape group 211a4 that are sequentially layered. In the length direction L, each of the first tape group 211al, the second tape group 211a2, the third tape group 211a3, and the fourth tape group 211a4 can include a first intersection region, a second intersection region, a third intersection region, and a fourth intersection region that are connected to each other.

[0074] The second intersection region can be layered on the first intersection region in the length direction L to contact the first intersection region. The third intersection region can be layered on the second intersection region in the length direction L to contact the second intersection region. The fourth intersection region can be layered on the third intersection region in the length direction L to contact the third intersection region.

[0075] The center of the first intersection region, the center of the second intersection region, the center of the third intersection region, and the center of the fourth intersection region can be arranged in a spiral pattern. Meanwhile, the above description is merely illustrative, and the plurality of band groups 211 can include five or more intersection regions respectively provided in five or more band groups, and stacked to contact each other in the length direction L, and the centers of the five or more intersection regions can be arranged in a spiral pattern. Furthermore, the plurality of band groups 211 can include n (a natural number of 5 or more) or more intersection regions respectively provided in n (a natural number of 5 or more) or more band groups, and stacked to contact each other in the length direction L, and the centers of the n (a natural number of 5 or more) or more intersection regions can be arranged in a spiral pattern.

[0076] The extension region can refer to a region extending between any two adjacent intersection regions. For example, with respect to the circumferential directions C1, C2, the extension region can connect two adjacent intersection regions. The extension region can be provided on the head portion 120.

[0077] A plurality of extension regions can be provided. For example, the four stacked bands 211a-1 constituting one stacked band group 211a can form four extension regions 211a-12. In other words, n stacked bands constituting one stacked band group can form n extension regions.

[0078] The plurality of extension regions can be rotationally symmetrical about the reference straight line CL. For example, when observing one side of the pressure vessel 10 in the length direction L in a direction parallel to the reference straight line CL, the plurality of extension regions can be rotationally symmetrical. The plurality of extension regions can be arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential directions C1, C2 to surround the middle portion of the head portion 120. In other words, the plurality of extension regions and the plurality of intersection regions can be alternately provided in the circumferential directions C1, C2, respectively.

[0079] Furthermore, the plurality of extension regions can be respectively formed of a plurality of different bands. For example, the four extension regions provided in one stacked band group 211a can be respectively formed of a first stacked band, a second stacked band, a third stacked band, and a fourth stacked band.

[0080] The second composite material region 220 can refer to a region of the composite material 200 surrounding the cylindrical portion 110 other than the third composite material region 230. The second composite material region 220 can connect two first composite material regions 210. The second composite material region 220 can include a plurality of cylindrical regions. The plurality of cylindrical regions can include the above-described reference cylindrical region and the stacked cylindrical region. Furthermore, the sizes of the winding angles (i.e., the angles formed by the plurality of cylindrical regions and the reference straight line CL) can be the same. For example, when observing the pressure vessel 10 in a direction perpendicular to the length direction L, the sizes of the winding angles formed by the plurality of cylindrical regions and the reference straight line CL can all be the same.

[0081] Further, the thickness of the first composite material region 210 in the stacking direction can be greater than the thickness of the second composite material region 220 in the radial direction. The radial direction can refer to the radial direction of the cylindrical portion 110 and can be perpendicular to the direction in which the reference straight line CL extends. For example, the number of band groups of the second composite material region 220 can be less than the number of band groups of the first composite material region 210. As a specific example, when the second composite material region 220 is formed of 1 band group, the first composite material region 210 can be formed of 12 band groups.

[0082] The first composite material region 210 can include a section in which the thickness in the stacking direction increases from the region where the head portion 120 and the cylindrical portion 110 are connected to each other to the middle of the head portion 120. In other words, the thickness of the first composite material region 210 in the stacking direction can be formed such that the thickness of the portion in which the plurality of crossing regions and the plurality of extension regions are formed in the first composite material region 210 is greater than the thickness of the other portions.

[0083] Through the design of the form and the arrangement relationship of the first composite material region 210 and the second composite material region 220, the crack points (i.e., the fatigue-prone regions) of the pressure vessel 10 can be distributed within a predictable range. That is, if the crack points of the pressure vessel 10 occur, they can occur in a certain region that can be predicted, rather than sporadically.

[0084] Further, the durability of the pressure vessel 10 is increased, and the load can be evenly shared through the interaction between the plurality of bands, thereby improving the impact performance.

[0085] Further, the bending defects caused by the folding of the plurality of bands can be reduced, thereby enabling the early prevention of the breakage of the plurality of fibers F.

[0086] Further, since the stress is not concentrated in the local region of the pressure vessel 10, the amount of material used for stress release can be maximally reduced.

[0087] Further, since the amount of material used for the pressure vessel 10 is maximally reduced, the weight of the pressure vessel 10 is reduced, thereby enabling the improvement of the fuel efficiency of the vehicle using the pressure vessel 10.

[0088] The third composite material region 230 can include a plurality of bands surrounding the cylindrical portion 110. The angle formed by the plurality of bands and the reference straight line CL can be greater than the winding angle. That is, the band-shaped base material constituting the third composite material region 230 can be stacked to be oriented substantially in line with the circumferential direction Cl, C2 of the cylindrical portion 110. The third composite material region 230 can be understood as a concept including a high-angle spiral-wound composite material and a low-angle spiral-wound composite material.

[0089] The third composite material region 230 can refer to the region where the composite material 200 contacts the outer surface of the cylindrical portion 110. For example, the third composite material region 230 may have a shape that surrounds only the cylindrical portion 110 and not the end cap 120. In other words, the end cap 120 may be surrounded only by the first composite material region 210. A second composite material region 220 may be stacked on the third composite material region 230. For example, the cylindrical portion 110, the third composite material region 230, and the second composite material region 220 may be arranged radially outward in sequence. As a specific example, a strip-shaped substrate is wound around the outer surface of the cylindrical portion 110 to first form the third composite material region 230, and then the first composite material region 210 and the second composite material region 220 may be formed.

[0090] Refer again Figure 2 The nozzle 300 may be disposed on one side of the bushing 100 in the longitudinal direction L. One end of the nozzle 300 in the longitudinal direction L may have a shape that protrudes from the bushing 100 in the longitudinal direction L. A nozzle space may be formed in the nozzle 300, communicating the internal space "S" with the outside of the pressure vessel 10. Fluid flowing into the internal space "S" from the outside and fluid discharging from the internal space "S" to the outside can flow within the nozzle space.

[0091] In the following text, reference will be made to Figures 5A-5D and Figure 6 S10 describes a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0092] Figures 5A-5D This is a view illustrating the sequential arrangement of multiple belt groups stacked on a pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0093] The method S10 for manufacturing a pressure vessel may include a preparation operation S100 and a winding operation S200. In the preparation operation S100, a bushing 100 may be prepared.

[0094] In the winding operation S200, a strip substrate can be wound onto the outer surface of the bushing 100. For example, in the winding operation S200, after the strip substrate is wound on the cylinder portion 110 to form a third composite material region 230, the strip substrate can be wound to form a first composite material region 210 and a second composite material region 220 on the bushing 100. The winding operation S200 may include a reference strip group (reference layer) forming operation S210 and a laminated strip group (laminated layer) forming operation S220.

[0095] In the reference tape group forming operation S210, the tape-like substrate is wound on the outer surface of the closure head 120 so that the reference tape group 211b is formed on the closure head 120. In the reference tape group forming operation S210, a plurality of reference tapes 211b-1 can be sequentially formed on the closure head 120 along the first circumferential direction C1 or the second circumferential direction C2. For example, in the reference tape group forming operation S210, the tape-like substrate can be wound on the bushing 100 so that a first reference tape, a second reference tape, a third reference tape, and a fourth reference tape are sequentially formed on the closure head 120.

[0096] In the laminated tape group forming operation S220, the tape-like substrate can be wound on the reference tape group 211b so that a laminated tape group is formed on the closure head 120. In the laminated tape group forming operation S220, a plurality of laminated tapes 211a-1 can be sequentially formed on the closure head 120 along the first circumferential direction C1 or the second circumferential direction C2. For example, in the laminated tape group forming operation S220, the tape-like substrate can be wound on the bushing 100 so that a first laminated tape, a second laminated tape, a third laminated tape, and a fourth laminated tape are sequentially formed on the closure head 120.

[0097] Further, in the laminated tape group forming operation S220, a plurality of laminated tapes 211a-1 can be formed to cross centers of a plurality of reference tapes 211b-1 on the closure head 120 to correspond to the plurality of reference tapes 211b-1, respectively. For example, in the laminated tape group forming operation S220, a first laminated tape can be formed to cross a center of a first reference tape, a second laminated tape can be formed to cross a center of a second reference tape, a third laminated tape can be formed to cross a center of a third reference tape, and a fourth laminated tape can be formed to cross a center of a fourth reference tape.

[0098] Further, the laminated tape group forming operation S220 can be repeatedly performed a plurality of times. Any one of the laminated tape group forming operation S220 performed a plurality of times can be named a first operation, and the laminated tape group forming operation S220 performed immediately after the first operation can be named a second operation.

[0099] The second laminated tape group formed in the second operation can be formed on the first laminated tape group formed in the first operation. Further, the second laminated tape group can have a form of being turned by a laminated angle with respect to the first laminated tape group around the reference straight line on the first circumferential direction C1.

[0100] Hereinafter, the execution procedure of the reference tape group forming operation S210 and the laminated tape group forming operation S220 performed a plurality of times will be described in detail with reference to Figure 4 and Figures 5A-5D

[0101] Referring to Figure 5A In the reference tape group forming operation S210, a first tape group 211a1 can be formed on the outer surface of the closure head 120.​

[0102] Referring to Figure 5B In the first stacked band set forming operation, i.e., the stacked band set forming operation S220 immediately after the reference band set forming operation S210 is performed, a second band set 211a2 can be formed on the first band set 211a1. At this time, the reference band set forming operation S210 and the first stacked band set forming operation can be understood to correspond to the first operation and the second operation, respectively, described above.

[0103] Referring to Figure 5C In the second stacked band set forming operation, i.e., the stacked band set forming operation S220 immediately after the first stacked band set forming operation is performed, a third band set 211a3 can be formed on the second band set 211a2. At this time, the first stacked band set forming operation and the second stacked band set forming operation can be understood to correspond to the first operation and the second operation, respectively, described above.

[0104] Referring to Figure 5D In the third stacked band set forming operation, i.e., the stacked band set forming operation S220 immediately after the second stacked band set forming operation is performed, a fourth band set 211a4 can be formed on the third band set 211a3. At this time, the second stacked band set forming operation and the third stacked band set forming operation can be understood to correspond to the first operation and the second operation, respectively, described above.

[0105] Further, although not directly shown in the drawings, a plurality of stacked band set forming operations S220 can be performed successively after the third stacked band set forming operation.

[0106] The pressure vessel according to the embodiment of the present application can prevent cracks between adjacent bands due to internal pressure load.

[0107] Further, the pressure vessel according to the embodiment of the present application can prevent permanent deformation of the pressure vessel due to folding of a portion of the band caused by internal pressure load.

[0108] Further, the pressure vessel according to the embodiment of the present application has high durability, thereby minimizing damage due to external impact.

[0109] In the above description, components constituting embodiments of the present application are described as being combined or combined to operate, but embodiments of the present application are not limited to these embodiments. That is, all components can be selectively combined into one or more to operate within the scope of embodiments of the present application. In addition, the terms such as "include", "comprise" or "have" described above mean that the corresponding components exist, and unless there is a specific description to the contrary, do not exclude other components, but should be interpreted to include other components. Unless differently defined, all terms including technical or scientific terms have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains. Terms commonly used, such as terms defined in a dictionary, should be interpreted in accordance with the context of the relevant art, and unless clearly defined in the present application, should not be interpreted to have an ideal or overly formal meaning.

[0110] The above description is a simple exemplary description of the technical spirit of the embodiments of the present application, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application pertains can make various modifications and changes without departing from the essential characteristics of the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present application are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present application, but only to illustrate it, and the scope of the technical idea of the present application is not limited by the embodiments. The scope of protection of the present application should be interpreted by the appended claims, and all technical ideas within the equivalent scope should be interpreted to be included within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pressure vessel, comprising: A bushing configured such that pressure is applied to its inner surface, the bushing comprising: The cylindrical portion, which forms the central region of the outer surface of the bushing; and A sealing head, which forms the peripheral region of the outer surface of the bushing and is connected to two opposite ends of the cylindrical portion in the longitudinal direction, wherein an imaginary straight line passing through the center of the bushing and extending in the longitudinal direction is defined as a reference straight line; and a composite material comprising: Multiple strips surrounding the outer surface of the bushing; and A first composite material region, the shape of which surrounds the head end, and in the first composite material region, a plurality of strip groups that overlap each other only partially are stacked along the length direction, wherein the first composite material region is rotationally symmetrical about the reference line.

2. The pressure vessel according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the plurality of tape groups has a shape that is rotationally symmetrical about the center of the head and about the reference line.

3. The pressure vessel according to claim 2, wherein, The multiple belt groups have similar shapes.

4. The pressure vessel according to claim 3, wherein: The plurality of strip groups are stacked in the stacking direction; In the plurality of tape groups, among any two adjacent tape groups in the stacking direction, the first tape group located on the first side in the stacking direction is the stacked tape group, and the second tape group located on the second side in the opposite direction to the stacking direction is the reference tape group; and The stacked tape group overlaps with the reference tape group along the stacking direction and has a shape that rotates about the reference straight line and rotates the stacking angle relative to the reference tape group in the first circumference of the cylindrical portion.

5. The pressure vessel according to claim 4, wherein, The stacking angle is not less than 1 degree and not more than 30 degrees.

6. The pressure vessel according to claim 4, wherein: Of the plurality of tapes, the tape constituting any portion of the reference tape group is a reference tape, and the tape constituting any portion of the laminated tape group and laminated on the reference tape on the end cap is a laminated tape; and The regions of the reference band surrounding the cylindrical portion and the regions of the laminated band surrounding the cylindrical portion are arranged to contact each other on one side in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the reference band and the laminated band extend.

7. The pressure vessel according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the plurality of bands includes a plurality of cylindrical regions surrounding the cylindrical portion; and The angles formed by the plurality of cylindrical regions and the reference straight line are the same.

8. The pressure vessel according to claim 1, wherein, The composite material also includes a second composite material region surrounding the cylindrical portion.

9. The pressure vessel according to claim 8, wherein: The plurality of strip groups are stacked in the stacking direction; and The thickness of the first composite material region in the lamination direction is greater than the thickness of the cylindrical portion of the second composite material region in the radial direction.

10. The pressure vessel according to claim 9, wherein, The thickness of the first composite material region in the lamination direction increases from the region where the end cap and the cylindrical body are connected to each other to the middle of the end cap.

11. A pressure vessel, comprising: A bushing configured such that pressure is applied to its inner surface, the bushing comprising: The cylindrical portion, which forms the central region of the outer surface of the bushing; and A sealing head, which forms the peripheral region of the outer surface of the bushing and is connected to two opposite ends of the cylindrical portion in the longitudinal direction, wherein an imaginary straight line passing through the center of the bushing and extending in the longitudinal direction is defined as a reference straight line; and a composite material comprising: Multiple strips surrounding the outer surface of the bushing; and A first composite material region, the shape of which surrounds the head end, and in the first composite material region, a plurality of strip groups that overlap each other only partially are stacked along the length direction, wherein each of the plurality of strip groups includes an intersection region, any two different strips of the plurality of strips intersect each other in the intersection region, wherein the intersection region is located on the head end, and wherein the first composite material region is rotationally symmetrical about the reference line.

12. The pressure vessel according to claim 11, wherein, The angle formed by any two different bands shall be no less than 50 degrees and no more than 90 degrees.

13. The pressure vessel according to claim 11, wherein, The regions of the first belt surrounding the cylindrical portion and the regions of the second belt surrounding the cylindrical portion are spaced apart from each other, with the cylindrical portion situated between them.

14. The pressure vessel according to claim 11, comprising a plurality of intersecting regions, wherein, The multiple intersecting regions are rotationally symmetric about the reference line.

15. The pressure vessel according to claim 14, wherein: Each of the plurality of belt groups further includes a plurality of extension regions extending between any two adjacent intersection regions in the plurality of intersection regions, and the plurality of extension regions are arranged alternately with the plurality of intersection regions along the circumference of the cylindrical portion; and The multiple extended regions are composed of multiple different bands.

16. The pressure vessel according to claim 14, wherein, Among the plurality of intersecting regions, the intersecting regions connected to each other along the length direction are arranged in a spiral shape.

17. A method for manufacturing a pressure vessel, the method comprising the following steps: Preparation of the bushing, wherein the bushing is configured such that pressure is applied to its inner surface; as well as The winding operation of wrapping a strip substrate around the outer surface of the bushing, wherein the winding operation includes the following steps: A reference strip group forming operation is performed in which a reference strip group is formed on the end cap of the bushing by winding the strip-shaped substrate around the outer surface of the bushing, wherein multiple reference strips corresponding to a first portion region of the wound strip-shaped substrate are sequentially formed on the end cap along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion; and A laminated tape group forming operation, wherein a laminated tape group is formed on the end cap by winding the strip substrate around the reference tape group, wherein a plurality of laminated tapes corresponding to a second portion region of the wound strip substrate are sequentially formed on the end cap along the circumferential direction, and wherein the laminated tape group forming operation includes forming the plurality of laminated tapes such that the plurality of laminated tapes on the end cap cross the center of the plurality of reference tapes to correspond to the plurality of reference tapes respectively.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein: The first of the plurality of reference bands is the first reference band; and The first of the plurality of stacked strips corresponds to and intersects with the first reference strip.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein: The stacked tape group forming operation includes forming the stacked tape group such that the first reference tape and the first stacked tape form a stacking angle; The stacked tape group formation operation is repeated multiple times; The first operation is any one of the multiple operations in which the stacked tape group is formed, and the second operation is an operation in the stacked tape group forming operation that is performed immediately after the first operation. The second stacked tape group formed in the second operation is stacked on top of the first stacked tape group formed in the first operation; and The second stacked tape group overlaps with the first stacked tape group along the stacking direction and rotates upward around a reference line relative to the first stacked tape group by the stacking angle in the first circumference.

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