Formula of oat hydroponic nutrient solution as well as preparation method and application of oat hydroponic nutrient solution

Abstract

The invention discloses an oat hydroponic nutrient solution formula as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of agriculture. The oat hydroponic nutrient solution comprises the following components: ammonium sulfate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, potassium nitrate, anhydrous calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, manganese chloride tetrahydrate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, boric acid, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate. The hydroponic nutrient solution provided by the invention is reasonable in component collocation, meets the requirements of the oat for nutrient elements in the growth process, remarkably increases the biomass and nutrient content of the overground part of the oat obtained through hydroponic culture by adjusting a nitrogen source, and ensures the high-quality forage grass characteristics of the oat. Oat forage grass cultivated by using the culture solution disclosed by the invention reaches a special-grade level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural technology, specifically to a formula for a hydroponic nutrient solution for oats, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] oat( Avena sativa Oats (L.) are annual herbaceous plants belonging to the genus *Oat* of the tribe Triticum in the family Poaceae. They are a dual-purpose crop, serving as both grain and forage. As a dual-purpose crop, oats possess excellent characteristics such as high yield, drought resistance, cold resistance, and tolerance to poor soil conditions. Moreover, they are widely adaptable and are extensively planted in temperate regions, making them a good forage material for constructing ecological and grazing artificial grasslands. In addition, oat forage has soft and juicy stems and leaves, low crude fiber content, good palatability, and high levels of protein, fat, and digestible fiber. Feeding dairy cows with green-cut oats or oat hay can increase milk production (Wang Liangliang et al. Effects of green oat hay and Northeast sheepgrass on milk production and milk composition in dairy cows. Chinese Dairy Cows, 2011(23): 43-44.), playing an important role in intensive dairy farming and possessing significant value for promotion and application.

[0003] Currently, oat cultivation is mainly based on traditional extensive farming methods, which are highly dependent on rainfall. For example, oat cultivation is mostly done by dryland sowing, and when soil moisture is poor, the yield will be greatly reduced if there is no effective rainfall during the seedling stage. In addition, insufficient soil fertility and the occurrence of pests and diseases will also affect the yield and quality of forage. Therefore, developing green and high-yield cultivation techniques is of great significance for improving the yield and quality of oat forage.

[0004] Hydroponics, also known as nutrient solution culture, is a new soilless cultivation method for plants. Its core principle is to directly immerse the plant's roots in a nutrient solution. This solution replaces soil, providing the plant with water, nutrients, and essential growth factors. Through precise environmental control technology, it ensures the plant's normal and healthy growth. Hydroponic forage can be mass-produced in factories, regardless of peak or off-peak seasons, avoiding the need for large amounts of arable land for forage cultivation. Therefore, developing hydroponic technology suitable for oat growth can solve many problems associated with traditional extensive farming methods.

[0005] Patent document CN 112772391 A discloses a hydroponic method for oats, in which seeds are first germinated in sand, and then seedlings are grown and hydroponically cultured. This method uses Hoagland's solution as the hydroponic nutrient solution. The preparation of the hydroponic nutrient solution is crucial for obtaining high-yield, high-quality forage, and Hoagland's solution is one of the most commonly used formulations for plant nutrient solutions. In previous research, our research group developed a hydroponic nutrient solution for Leymus chinensis (see patent document CN 119306522 A). Research found that using this hydroponic nutrient solution for oat hydroponics also achieved good results in improving quality. However, this hydroponic nutrient solution formula uses ammonium nitrate as a nitrogen source. Ammonium nitrate has the dangerous characteristic of exploding when exposed to fire, high temperatures, or violent impacts, posing a certain safety hazard in the preparation of the nutrient solution. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the formulation of the hydroponic nutrient solution. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydroponic nutrient solution and hydroponic method suitable for oat growth, especially for seedling cultivation, so as to promote oat yield and quality improvement.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a hydroponic nutrient solution for oats, wherein each liter of the nutrient solution comprises: 60-120 mg ammonium sulfate, 50-55 mg sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, 150-200 mg potassium nitrate, 105-115 mg anhydrous calcium chloride, 400-410 mg magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 1.5-2.0 mg manganese chloride tetrahydrate, 0.08-0.10 mg ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, 1.0-1.2 mg boric acid, 0.03-0.06 mg zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.02-0.05 mg copper sulfate pentahydrate, 30-40 mg ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, and 40-50 mg disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate.

[0008] In the formula provided by this invention, potassium nitrate and ammonium sulfate primarily provide nitrogen, ensuring the normal synthesis of proteins and amino acids during oat growth. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate provides phosphorus, promoting oat root growth. The addition of calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and potassium sulfate ensures the normal supply of calcium, magnesium, and sulfur elements during oat development, promoting photosynthesis. Research results show that oats cultivated using the hydroponic nutrient solution provided by this invention are beneficial for the accumulation of oat biomass (indicators include single-plant fresh weight, aboveground fresh weight, aboveground dry weight, and aboveground dry matter content) and nutrients (such as crude protein and crude fat), significantly increasing yield and forage quality.

[0009] In this invention, the main source of nitrogen is changed from ammonium nitrate, a hazardous chemical under key supervision, to ammonium sulfate and potassium nitrate. This reduces the risk factors in nutrient solution preparation and saves on ingredients, making it possible to scale up hydroponic oat cultivation. Research results show that adjusting the composition and amount of nitrogen source significantly increases the biomass and nutrient content of hydroponic oats.

[0010] Preferably, the components per liter of nutrient solution include: ammonium sulfate 60-110 mg, sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate 50-51 mg, potassium nitrate 180-190 mg, anhydrous calcium chloride 110-112 mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 405 mg, manganese chloride tetrahydrate 1.8-1.9 mg, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate 0.09-0.10 mg, boric acid 1.1-1.2 mg, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 0.04-0.05 mg, copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.03-0.04 mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 34-35 mg, and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate 46-47 mg.

[0011] More preferably, each liter of nutrient solution contains 99-100 mg of ammonium sulfate.

[0012] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the components per liter of nutrient solution include: ammonium sulfate 67.75 mg, 82.5 mg, or 99.125 mg; sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate 50.375 mg; potassium nitrate 184.875 mg; anhydrous calcium chloride 110.75 mg; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 405 mg; manganese chloride tetrahydrate 1.875 mg; ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate 0.0925 mg; boric acid 1.1675 mg; zinc sulfate heptahydrate 0.04375 mg; copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.03875 mg; ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 34.75 mg; and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate 46.53 mg.

[0013] Compared to commonly used hydroponic nutrient solutions such as Hoagland solution, oat plants cultured using the above-mentioned nutrient solutions showed a significant and sustained increase in plant height and root length, as well as a significant increase in aboveground biomass and nutrient content.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the oat hydroponic nutrient solution, comprising the following steps: (1) Dissolve ammonium sulfate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, potassium nitrate, anhydrous calcium chloride, and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate in water to prepare mother liquor I, mother liquor II, mother liquor III, mother liquor IV, and mother liquor V, respectively, for later use; mix manganese chloride tetrahydrate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, boric acid, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, and copper sulfate pentahydrate and dissolve in water to prepare mother liquor VI, for later use; add disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate to boiling water until completely dissolved, then add ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, and heat and stir until the solution turns brownish-yellow to prepare mother liquor VII, for later use; (2) Measure out mother liquor I, mother liquor II, mother liquor III, mother liquor IV, mother liquor V, mother liquor VI and mother liquor VII according to the proportion, mix them, add water to make up the volume, and adjust the pH value to 5.0-5.5 with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain the oat hydroponic nutrient solution.

[0015] Preferably, in step (1), the concentration of mother liquor I is 54.2 g / L, 66 g / L, or 79.3 g / L; the concentrations of mother liquors II, III, IV, and V are 40.3 g / L, 147.9 g / L, 88.6 g / L, and 324 g / L, respectively; the concentrations of manganese dichloride tetrahydrate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, boric acid, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, and copper sulfate pentahydrate in mother liquor VI are 1.5 g / L, 0.074 g / L, 0.934 g / L, 0.035 g / L, and 0.031 g / L; and the concentrations of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in mother liquor VII are 6.95 g / L and 9.306 g / L. g / L; In step (2), mother liquor I, mother liquor II, mother liquor III, mother liquor IV, mother liquor V, mother liquor VI, and mother liquor VII are mixed in water at a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:4.

[0016] In this invention, the oat hydroponic nutrient solution should be prepared and used immediately to prevent precipitation from forming after prolonged storage, which would affect the cultivation effect. Lowering the pH value can promote the dissolution of elements such as magnesium and calcium ions, which helps plants absorb nutrients.

[0017] This invention utilizes the aforementioned nutrient solution to cultivate oats, significantly increasing oat biomass and ensuring the high-quality forage characteristics of oats. This is of great significance for expanding forage cultivation and protecting the grassland ecological environment.

[0018] This invention provides the application of the oat hydroponic nutrient solution as a hydroponic nutrient solution for oat seedlings or from the seedling stage to the jointing stage. The oat hydroponic nutrient solution provided by this invention meets the nutrient requirements of oat hydroponics, especially for seedlings. Oat seedlings using the nutrient solution of this invention grow rapidly and vigorously.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for hydroponic cultivation of oats, the method comprising: transplanting germinated oat seedlings into a hydroponic facility containing the above-mentioned oat hydroponic nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation, wherein the hydroponic conditions are: 22-26℃, 16 h light / 8 h darkness, and the nutrient solution is changed every two weeks.

[0020] Preferably, the method for preparing oat seedlings includes: selecting plump oat seeds, placing them on a germination tray, adding water until the water touches the oat seeds but does not submerge them, and culturing them in the dark at 22-26℃, replenishing water every 10-12 hours until the oat seeds germinate; then culturing the germination tray at 22-26℃ under 16 h light / 8 h dark conditions until the seedlings grow to 7-10 cm.

[0021] Transplant seedlings once they have grown to a certain size to ensure they have sufficient growing space. Preferably, transplant them into hydroponic systems at a density of 0.05 seedlings / cm². 2 .

[0022] Preferably, the hydroponic facility is made of opaque material, and the nutrient solution is partially shielded from light to prevent algae growth.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) The hydroponic nutrient solution provided by this invention has a reasonable composition that meets the nutritional requirements of oats during their growth process. By adjusting the nitrogen source, the aboveground biomass and nutrient content of oats obtained through hydroponics are significantly increased, ensuring the high-quality forage characteristics of oats. Oat forage cultivated using the culture solution of this invention reaches the premium grade.

[0024] (2) The hydroponic technology provided by the present invention can expand the oat planting range, accelerate oat growth, improve oat production quality, and reduce manual operation and its costs; the hydroponic method can avoid soil-borne diseases and pests, and ensure the safety of the oat growth environment. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 Seedlings of oat seeds 7 days after germination.

[0026] Figure 2 The data show the growth of oats after 20 days of hydroponics in different control groups, where A represents the average plant height, B represents the average root length, and C represents the average seedling weight.

[0027] Figure 3 The growth of oat seedlings in nutrient solution hydroponics for 10-50 days in different embodiments.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a statistical chart showing the relative growth of oat plant height after 10-60 days of hydroponic cultivation in nutrient solution in different embodiments.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a statistical chart showing the relative growth of oat root length after 10-60 days of hydroponic cultivation in nutrient solution in different embodiments.

[0030] Figure 6The effects of different embodiments on oat biomass after 60 days of hydroponics in nutrient solution are shown, where A is the fresh weight of a single plant; B is the fresh weight of the aboveground parts; C is the dry weight of the aboveground parts; and D is the dry matter content of the aboveground parts.

[0031] Figure 7 The effects of different embodiments on the accumulation of nutrients in oats after 60 days of hydroponics in nutrient solution are shown. A represents neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %); B represents acid detergent fiber (ADF, %); C represents crude protein (CP, %); and D represents crude fat (EE, %). Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any modifications or substitutions made to the methods, steps, or conditions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and essence of the invention are within the scope of the invention.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods; the materials and reagents used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0034] The oat seeds in the following examples were sourced from Grassland Technology Innovation Center Co., Ltd.

[0035] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example uses hydroponic nutrient solution commonly used in this field to cultivate oats, and selects the most suitable nutrient solution as the control group.

[0036] 1. Hydroponic nutrient solution formula Control group 1: Hogland nutrient solution (purchased from Phygene, catalog number PH1782), the formula is as follows: per liter of nutrient solution contains 607 mg potassium sulfate, 115 mg ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 493 mg magnesium sulfate, 20 mg sodium EDTA iron salt, 2.86 mg ferrous sulfate, 4.5 mg borax, 2.13 mg manganese sulfate, 0.05 mg copper sulfate, 0.22 mg zinc sulfate, 0.02 mg ammonium sulfate and calcium salt.

[0037] Control group 2: Yoshida nutrient solution (purchased from Coolaber, product number NS1040), with the following formula per liter: N&N 114.36mg, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 38.75mg, potassium sulfate 89.22mg, calcium chloride 110.76mg, magnesium sulfate 197.76mg, manganese chloride tetrahydrate 1.875mg, ammonium molybdate 0.093mg, boric acid 1.168mg, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 0.044mg, copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.039mg, and citric acid monohydrate 14.875mg.

[0038] Control group 3: Kimura B nutrient solution (purchased from Coolaber, product number NS1050), with the following formula per liter: ammonium sulfate 48.2 mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 24.8 mg, potassium nitrate 18.5 mg, potassium sulfate 15.9 mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 135.1 mg, manganese chloride tetrahydrate 1.81 mg, molybdic acid 0.09 mg, boric acid 2.86 mg, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 0.22 mg, copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.08 mg, EDTA·2Na 7.34 mg, and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 86.84 mg.

[0039] 2. The detailed steps for hydroponics of oats are as follows: (1) Selection of oat cultivation equipment: For hydroponics, black hydroponic boxes and opaque hydroponic troughs are used, and black floats are made to prevent the subsequent growth of algae and affect the growth of plants.

[0040] (2) Treatment of oat seeds: Select plump oat seeds, place them on a germination tray, add water until the water touches the oat seeds but does not submerge them, and incubate at 22-26℃ in the dark for 3-5 days, adding water every 12 hours until the oat seeds germinate. Afterwards, place the germination tray at 22-26℃ with 16 hours of light / 8 hours of darkness until the seedlings grow to about 7-10cm. Figure 1 .

[0041] (3) Transplant the germinated seedlings into the prepared hydroponic nutrient solutions for each group, with a transplanting density of 0.05 seedlings / cm². 2 The culture conditions are: 26℃, 16h light / 8h dark. The nutrient solution needs to be changed every 10 days.

[0042] (4) After 20 days of cultivation, the average plant height, average root length and average seedling weight of different control groups were measured.

[0043] 2. Results Analysis Growth status of each group as follows Figure 2 n=12, different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in the measurement results. P <0.05. Comparison of oat growth in different commonly used nutrient solutions showed that oats cultured with Hoagland's nutrient solution exhibited advantages in average plant height, root length, and average seedling weight. Therefore, Hoagland's nutrient solution was selected as the control group for subsequent experiments.

[0044] Example 1 This embodiment uses the hydroponic nutrient solution provided in patent document CN 119306522 A to hydroponically cultivate oats. The specific method is as follows: 1. The formula for the hydroponic nutrient solution stock solution is as follows: Mother liquor I: 91.4g NH4NO3 dissolved in water, diluted to 1L; Mother liquor II: Dissolve 40.3g NaH2PO4•2H2O in water and bring the volume up to 1L; Mother liquor III: 71.4g K2SO4 dissolved in water, diluted to 1L; Mother liquor IV: 88.6g anhydrous CaCl2 dissolved in water, diluted to 1L; Mother liquor V: 324g MgSO4•7H2O dissolved in water, diluted to 1L; Mother liquor VI: 1.5g MnCl2•4H2O, 0.074g (NH4)6Mo7O 24 • Dissolve 4H2O, 0.934g H3BO3, 0.035g ZnSO4•7H2O, and 0.031g CuSO4•5H2O in water and bring the volume to 1L. Mother liquor VII: Dissolve 6.95g FeSO4•7H2O and 9.306g EDTA-Na2 in water and bring the volume to 1L. Note: When preparing mother liquor VII, first add EDTA-Na2 to boiling ddH2O until completely dissolved, then add FeSO4•7H2O and heat while stirring constantly (2-3 hours) until the solution turns brownish-yellow.

[0045] 2. Prepare the oat hydroponic nutrient solution Take 5 mL each of mother liquor I-VI and 20 mL of mother liquor VII, add water to make up to 4 L and mix thoroughly. Adjust the pH value to 5.0-5.5 with concentrated hydrochloric acid.

[0046] 3. The detailed steps for hydroponics of oats are as follows: (1) Selection of oat cultivation equipment: For hydroponics, black hydroponic boxes and opaque hydroponic troughs are used, and black floats are made to prevent the subsequent growth of algae and affect the growth of plants.

[0047] (2) Treatment of oat seeds: Select plump oat seeds, place them on a germination tray, add water until the water touches the oat seeds but does not submerge them, and incubate at 22-26℃ in the dark for 3-5 days, adding water every 12 hours until the oat seeds germinate. Then place the germination tray at 22-26℃ with 16 hours of light / 8 hours of darkness until the seedlings grow to about 7-10 cm.

[0048] (3) Transplant the germinated seedlings into the hydroponic nutrient solution prepared in step 2, at a density of 0.05 seedlings / cm². 2 The culture conditions were: 26℃, 16h light / 8h dark. The nutrient solution needed to be changed every two weeks. Hogland nutrient solution was used as a control group.

[0049] (4) Measure the growth of oat plant height and root length every ten days, and change the nutrient solution every two weeks. The growth rate is calculated using the formula ΔL. （增长量） =L （测量值）-L （初始值） , where L （测量值） L represents the height of a single oat plant or the length of its root, measured every 10 days. （初始值） This represents the initial plant height and root length of the oat plant 7 days after germination during hydroponics. This calculation method can eliminate differences caused by different initial growth stages of the oats during hydroponics, and can also visually show the effect of the nutrient solution on oat growth. The statistical results of plant height growth are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the statistical results of root length growth are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, n=12, and different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in the measurement results. P <0.05.

[0050] (5) After 60 days of cultivation, the fresh weight of a single plant, the fresh weight of the aboveground parts of a single plant, and the weight of a single plant were statistically analyzed for oats cultivated in different embodiments. Samples were then dried at 75℃ for 48 hours, and the dry weight was calculated. The dry matter content (DMC) was obtained by dividing the dry weight by the fresh weight and multiplying by 100%. The statistical results are shown in […]. Figure 6 n=6, different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in the measurement results. P <0.05.

[0051] (6) Samples were taken from 60-day-old oat seedlings at a depth of 2 cm above the root base. After drying at 75℃ for 48 hours, the nutritional components, including neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %), acid detergent fiber (ADF, %), crude protein (CP, %), and crude fat (EE, %), were measured. Neutral detergent fiber mainly consists of three cell wall components: hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin. In plants, NDF increases with plant maturity, while NDF digestibility decreases. Increased NDF reduces dry matter intake. Acid detergent fiber is generally negatively correlated with digestibility: the higher the feed ADF, the lower the digestibility. Crude protein directly affects animal growth, reproduction, milk production, and other production performance. Crude fat has an important impact on animal energy supply, physiological metabolism, and product quality.

[0052] The measurement methods are referenced in (Zhang Liying. Feed Analysis and Feed Quality Testing Technology [M]. Beijing: China Agricultural University Press, 2016). Statistical results are shown below. Figure 7 n=6, different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in the measurement results. P <0.05.

[0053] Example 2 This embodiment optimizes the hydroponic nutrient solution formula of Example 1, the difference being the changes in the composition and dosage of Mother Solution I and Mother Solution III. The optimized hydroponic nutrient solution is then used to hydroponically cultivate oats, as detailed below: 1. The formula for the hydroponic nutrient solution stock solution is as follows: Mother liquor I: 54.2 g (NH4)2SO4 dissolved in water, diluted to 1 L; Mother liquor II: Dissolve 40.3g NaH2PO4•2H2O in water and bring the volume up to 1L; Mother liquor III: 147.9 g KNO3 dissolved in water, diluted to 1 L; Mother liquor IV: 88.6g anhydrous CaCl2 dissolved in water, diluted to 1L; Mother liquor V: 324g MgSO4•7H2O dissolved in water, diluted to 1L; Mother liquor VI: 1.5g MnCl2•4H2O, 0.074g (NH4)6Mo7O 24 • Dissolve 4H2O, 0.934g H3BO3, 0.035g ZnSO4•7H2O, and 0.031g CuSO4•5H2O in water and bring the volume to 1L. Mother liquor VII: Dissolve 6.95g FeSO4•7H2O and 9.306g EDTA-Na2 in water and bring the volume to 1L. Note: When preparing mother liquor VII, first add EDTA-Na2 to boiling ddH2O until completely dissolved, then add FeSO4•7H2O and heat while stirring constantly (2-3 hours) until the solution turns brownish-yellow.

[0054] 2. Prepare the oat hydroponic nutrient solution using the same method as in Example 1.

[0055] 3. The method for hydroponic cultivation of oats is the same as in Example 1, and the results are shown in [the original text]. Figures 4-6 .

[0056] Example 3 This embodiment provides a hydroponic nutrient solution for oats, and the specific method for hydroponically cultivating oats using this nutrient solution is as follows: 1. The difference between the hydroponic nutrient solution stock solution formula provided in this embodiment and that in embodiment 2 is that stock solution I: 66g (NH4)2SO4 is dissolved in water and the volume is adjusted to 1L. The rest are the same as in embodiment 2.

[0057] 2. The preparation of the oat hydroponic nutrient solution and the oat hydroponic method are the same as in Example 1. The results are shown in [example missing]. Figures 4-6 .

[0058] Example 4 This embodiment provides a hydroponic nutrient solution for oats, and the specific method for hydroponically cultivating oats using this nutrient solution is as follows: 1. The difference between the hydroponic nutrient solution stock solution formula provided in this embodiment and that in embodiment 2 is that stock solution I: 79.3g (NH4)2SO4 is dissolved in water and the volume is adjusted to 1L. The rest are the same as in embodiment 2.

[0059] 2. The preparation of the oat hydroponic nutrient solution and the oat hydroponic method are the same as in Example 1. The results are shown in [example missing]. Figures 4-6 .

[0060] 3. Results Analysis Analysis of the differences in oat growth under different nutrient solutions showed that, compared with the control group and Example 1, oats cultured using the nutrient solutions provided in Examples 2-4 exhibited significant advantages. The oat plant height and root length increased significantly, indicating higher biomass accumulation. After 60 days of culture, the oat nutrient content was measured to be moderately low (NDF) and low (ADF), indicating that the oats cultured using this invention had higher digestibility. The CP and EE contents were significantly increased, indicating nutrient accumulation and better forage quality.

[0061] According to the industry standard "NY / T 4684-2025 Quality Grading of Oat Hay for Feed" (released on January 9, 2025), premium grade oat hay has an NDF content of ≤52% and an ADF content of ≤33%. The average NDF content of oats cultivated using this invention is 52.28%, and the average ADF content is 31.65%. It can be seen that oats cultivated using the method of this invention can reach the premium grade level.

[0062] Therefore, the present invention provides a formula for oat hydroponic nutrient solution and its preparation method, with the optimal addition concentration of each component as shown in Example 4.

[0063] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent modifications or substitutions made based on the essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydroponic nutrient solution for oats, characterized in that, The components per liter of nutrient solution include: ammonium sulfate 60-120 mg, sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate 50-55 mg, potassium nitrate 150-200 mg, anhydrous calcium chloride 105-115 mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 400-410 mg, manganese chloride tetrahydrate 1.5-2.0 mg, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate 0.08-0.10 mg, boric acid 1.0-1.2 mg, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 0.03-0.06 mg, copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.02-0.05 mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 30-40 mg, and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate 40-50 mg.

2. The oat hydroponic nutrient solution as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The components per liter of nutrient solution include: ammonium sulfate 60-110 mg, sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate 50-51 mg, potassium nitrate 180-190 mg, anhydrous calcium chloride 110-112 mg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 405 mg, manganese chloride tetrahydrate 1.8-1.9 mg, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate 0.09-0.10 mg, boric acid 1.1-1.2 mg, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 0.04-0.05 mg, copper sulfate pentahydrate 0.03-0.04 mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 34-35 mg, and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate 46-47 mg.

3. The oat hydroponic nutrient solution as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Each liter of nutrient solution contains 99-100 mg of ammonium sulfate.

4. The method for preparing oat hydroponic nutrient solution according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Dissolve ammonium sulfate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, potassium nitrate, anhydrous calcium chloride, and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate in water to prepare mother liquor I, mother liquor II, mother liquor III, mother liquor IV, and mother liquor V, respectively, for later use; mix manganese chloride tetrahydrate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, boric acid, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, and copper sulfate pentahydrate and dissolve in water to prepare mother liquor VI, for later use; add disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate to boiling water until completely dissolved, then add ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, and heat and stir until the solution turns brownish-yellow to prepare mother liquor VII, for later use; (2) Measure out mother liquor I, mother liquor II, mother liquor III, mother liquor IV, mother liquor V, mother liquor VI and mother liquor VII according to the proportion, mix them, add water to make up the volume, and adjust the pH value to 5.0-5.5 with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain the oat hydroponic nutrient solution.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (1), the concentrations of mother liquor I are 54.2 g / L, 66 g / L, or 79.3 g / L; the concentrations of mother liquors II, III, IV, and V are 40.3 g / L, 147.9 g / L, 88.6 g / L, and 324 g / L, respectively; the concentrations of manganese dichloride tetrahydrate, ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate, boric acid, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, and copper sulfate pentahydrate in mother liquor VI are 1.5 g / L, 0.074 g / L, 0.934 g / L, 0.035 g / L, and 0.031 g / L; and the concentrations of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate in mother liquor VII are 6.95 g / L and 9.306 g / L. g / L; In step (2), mother liquor I, mother liquor II, mother liquor III, mother liquor IV, mother liquor V, mother liquor VI, and mother liquor VII are mixed in water at a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:

4.

6. The oat hydroponic nutrient solution as described in any one of claims 1-3, used as a hydroponic nutrient solution for oat seedlings or from seedling to jointing stage.

7. A method for hydroponic cultivation of oats, characterized in that, The method includes: transplanting germinated oat seedlings into a hydroponic facility containing oat hydroponic nutrient solution as described in any one of claims 1-3 for hydroponic cultivation, wherein the hydroponic conditions are: 22-26℃, 16 h light / 8 h darkness, and the nutrient solution is changed every two weeks.

8. The oat hydroponics method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The method for preparing oat seedlings includes: selecting plump oat seeds, placing them on a germination tray, adding water until the water touches the oat seeds but does not submerge them, and culturing them in the dark at 22-26℃, replenishing water every 10-12 hours until the oat seeds germinate; then culturing the germination tray at 22-26℃ under 16 h light / 8 h dark conditions until the seedlings grow to 7-10 cm.

9. The oat hydroponics method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The hydroponic system is made of opaque materials.

10. The oat hydroponics method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The seedling transplanting density is 0.05 plants / cm². 2 .

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