Metal ion extraction and separation device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal ion extraction and separation device and a use method thereof.The device comprises a separation bin and a mixing chamber, a defoaming module is arranged at the inner top of the separation bin, and the inner bottom of the separation bin is divided into a clarifying chamber and a purifying chamber through a partition plate arranged in the middle. Low-speed, high-shear and multi-chamber mixing is achieved, the mixing effect is ensured, then an emulsion layer is preliminarily eliminated through the defoaming module, fluid kinetic energy consumption is achieved through a slow flow frame, a flow channel extension plate, a pore plate and a T-shaped plate which are sequentially designed in the clarifying chamber, and the natural layering efficiency is improved; the monitoring module is used for controlling and sucking an emulsion layer between the two phases to enter the centrifugal chamber for centrifugal separation, and the indirect flow bin is used for realizing rapid and effective separation and recovery of other phases in the target phase, so that the emerald green effect in the whole ion extraction process is improved, the purity of the separated two phases is improved, and meanwhile, the problem that the emulsion layer is difficult to separate is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ion extraction, and in particular to a metal ion extraction and separation device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial production, for large-scale mineral metal ion extraction processes, the metal ions in the minerals are usually washed out by an aqueous phase. Then, the aqueous phase containing the ions and the organic phase used as an extractant are put into a mixing and clarification tank. After mixing, the metal ions enter the organic phase. Then, taking advantage of the density difference between the two phases, they are naturally separated by sedimentation, thereby achieving the extraction and separation of metal ions.

[0003] However, existing mixing and clarifying tanks have the following problems when in use; 1. Controlling the rotation speed during the mixing stage is difficult. If the rotation speed is too high, it can easily lead to emulsification between the two phases, while if the rotation speed is too low, it will result in incomplete mixing, which will prevent metal ions in the aqueous phase from effectively entering the organic phase and affecting the extraction rate in the later stage. 2. During the clarification and separation stage, the mixed liquid entering the clarification tank is prone to causing fluid disturbance, resulting in agitation of the end fluid and destroying the previous precipitation effect. At the same time, the separation rate of the two phases after precipitation is low, with some organic phase in the aqueous phase and some aqueous phase in the organic phase. This makes it easy for dissimilar reactions to occur when the organic phase is subsequently back-extracted to extract metal ions. 3. The emulsion layer is located between two phases, making it difficult to separate and clean; To address the aforementioned problems, a metal ion extraction and separation device and its usage method are provided. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a metal ion extraction and separation device and its usage method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a metal ion extraction and separation device, comprising a separation chamber and a mixing chamber, and a PLC controller for controlling the separation chamber and the mixing chamber. A defoaming module is provided at the top inner part of the separation chamber. The mixing chamber is connected to the defoaming module. The defoaming module includes two sets of electrothermal wave plates with opposite inclination directions. The two sets of electrothermal wave plates enable electrothermal defoaming of the mixed two phases. The bottom inner part of the separation chamber is divided into a clarification chamber and a purification chamber by a partition in the middle. The defoaming module is connected to the clarification chamber. Multiple slow-flow modules are provided in the clarification chamber to allow the mixed two phases to slowly move to the end of the clarification chamber, achieving natural separation of the two phases. A monitoring module is installed at the end of the clarification chamber, a centrifuge chamber is installed at the bottom of the mixing chamber, and a suction pump is installed between the end of the clarification chamber and the centrifuge chamber. The monitoring module monitors the emulsion layer between the two phases and controls the suction pump to draw the emulsion layer into the centrifuge chamber for centrifugation and elimination based on the thickness and height of the emulsion layer. The clarification chamber is connected to the purification chamber. The purification chamber is equipped with an interflow chamber, which has multiple independent purification channels. The two phases in the clarification chamber enter adjacent purification channels respectively, and a baffle plate is provided between two adjacent purification channels. Porous hydrophilic material and porous hydrophobic material are respectively provided on both sides of the baffle plate, so that when the two phases flow in their respective channels, other phases in the two phases are collected and separated by the porous hydrophilic material and the porous hydrophobic material and then discharged into the clarification chamber, thereby purifying the two phases flowing out of the end of the channel.

[0006] Preferably, the mixing chamber includes a cylindrical body and two sets of feed pipes installed on the outer wall of the bottom end of the cylindrical body for two-phase injection. Multiple sieve plates are fixedly arranged inside the cylindrical body, and a servo motor is fixedly installed on the top of the cylindrical body. A mixing chamber is naturally formed between the multiple sieve plates, and stirring blades are rotatably arranged in each of the multiple mixing chambers. The multiple stirring blades are coaxially fixed to the output end of the servo motor. Turbulence blades are arranged at the bottom of the sieve plates. The inclination direction of the turbulence blades is opposite to the inclination direction of the stirring blades, so that the stirring blades create turbulence on the fluid when they rotate, thereby improving the mixing effect.

[0007] Preferably, the top side of the cylinder is provided with an overflow port that communicates with the top of the separation chamber. The electric heating wave plate has a built-in heating wire for heating. The electric heating wave plate includes a first wave plate and a second wave plate. The upper end of the first wave plate is directly below the overflow port, and the bottom end of the first wave plate is provided with a drain port that is directly opposite the upper end of the second wave plate. The surface of the first wave plate is provided with multiple rows of drainage holes so that after the mixture on the first wave plate is heated once, most of it flows down through the drainage hole to the second wave plate for secondary heating. At the same time, a small part of the mixture on the first wave plate drips down through the drainage holes to defoam the mixture on the second wave plate, thereby eliminating part of the emulsion layer.

[0008] Preferably, a guide pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the second waveform plate, the bottom end of the guide pipe extends to the inner bottom of the clarification chamber and has a flow hole, an anti-surge plate is fixedly installed in the clarification chamber, and the two sides of the anti-surge plate are fixedly welded to the two sides of the inner wall of the clarification chamber, and a flow hole is opened at the bottom of the anti-surge plate.

[0009] Preferably, the clarification chamber is equipped with, in sequence, the following: A flow-retarding frame is installed near one end of the anti-surge plate. The flow-retarding frame includes multiple corrugated guide plates arranged in parallel, and connecting rods are fixed between the corrugated guide plates. The connecting rods are fixed to the inner wall of the clarifier chamber, so that corrugated channels are formed between the corrugated guide plates. At the same time, direct flow holes are opened on the corrugated guide plates. Each direct flow hole is perpendicular to the corrugated channel at its location, so that when the liquid passes through the direct flow holes and the corrugated channel, flow obstruction is formed, thereby consuming fluid kinetic energy and slowing down the fluid. Multiple flow channel extension plates are arranged at equal intervals at the end of the flow slowing rack, and the multiple flow channel extension plates are alternately fixedly connected to one side of the clarification chamber wall, so that an "S"-shaped flow slowing channel is formed between the multiple flow channel extension plates; The orifice plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the clarification chamber on both sides, and its surface is densely covered with through holes so that the fluid can slowly pass through the through holes; A T-shaped plate is fixed to the inner wall of the clarification chamber, and grooves are provided on both sides of the T-shaped plate so that fluid can flow through the T-shaped plate from both sides.

[0010] Preferably, the suction pump is fixedly mounted on the T-shaped plate, and a connecting pipe is installed between the output end of the suction pump and the centrifuge chamber. The monitoring module includes a bracket, a viewing window is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the clarification chamber, the bracket is fixedly mounted on the viewing window, a cylinder is fixedly mounted on the top of the bracket, a sliding plate is fixedly mounted on the output end of the cylinder, and a vision camera is fixedly mounted on the sliding plate. The sliding plate drives the vision camera to slide along the bracket to observe the height and thickness of the emulsion layer inside the clarification chamber.

[0011] Preferably, a down-flow pipe is installed between the bottom of the clarification chamber and the interflow chamber, and an inlet solenoid valve is installed on the down-flow pipe. An overflow pipe is installed between the top of the clarification chamber and the interflow chamber. One end of the overflow pipe has an overflow groove. The other ends of the down-flow pipe and the overflow pipe are respectively provided with multiple connection ports, which are respectively connected to multiple purification channels, so that the two phases flow alternately in the multiple purification channels. An overflow pipe and a bottom flow pipe for the two phases are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the end of the interflow chamber. A discharge chamber is provided at the end of the interflow chamber. The interior of the discharge chamber is divided into two independent liquid storage tanks by a partition. The overflow pipe and the bottom flow pipe are respectively connected to the two sets of liquid storage tanks, and a discharge pipe is installed on both sets of liquid storage tanks. A reflux pipe is installed in the purification channel, and the other end of the reflux pipe extends into the clarification chamber. Both ends of the reflux pipe in the purification channel through which the aqueous phase flows are equipped with floaters for the reflux pipe to float on the liquid surface. Both ends of the reflux pipe in the purification channel through which the organic phase flows are equipped with counterweights for the reflux pipe to sink to the bottom. Variable frequency pumps are installed on each of the two sets of reflux pipes.

[0012] Preferably, the centrifuge chamber includes a fixed cover fixedly disposed at the bottom of the cylinder, a drive ring rotatably disposed at the top of the fixed cover, and an electromagnetic clutch coupling installed between the drive ring and the output shaft of the servo motor, so that the two can transmit or disconnect power by switching on and off; an internal gear ring is integrally formed at the bottom of the drive ring, a centrifuge chamber is rotatably disposed in the cylinder, the end of the connecting pipe extends to the top opening of the centrifuge chamber, a rotating shaft is fixedly disposed in the middle of the centrifuge chamber, a driven gear is fixedly disposed at the top of the rotating shaft, a transmission gear is rotatably disposed in the fixed cover, the two sides of the transmission gear mesh with the internal gear ring and the driven gear respectively, so that the stirring blade drives the centrifuge chamber to rotate, a self-opening valve is installed on the bottom side wall of the centrifuge chamber, a lift pump is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed cover, and the output end of the lift pump is connected to the top of the first corrugated plate through a hose.

[0013] Preferably, the self-starting valve includes a double-ended tube fixedly embedded in the side wall of the centrifuge chamber. A spring is installed inside the double-ended tube, and a sealing plug is slidably disposed in the inner end of the double-ended tube. Drainage holes are opened on both the inner end face of the double-ended tube and the sealing plug. The centrifuge chamber rotates so that the sealing plug adheres to the surface of the drainage hole in the double-ended tube under the action of centrifugal force, thereby achieving a seal. When the centrifuge chamber stops, the spring pushes the sealing plug to move inward so that the fluid in the centrifuge chamber is discharged sequentially through the two sets of drainage holes to the bottom of the fixed cover.

[0014] A method of using a metal ion extraction and separation device includes the following steps: S1. The two phases are mixed in the mixing chamber, and metal ions enter the organic phase from the aqueous phase. S2. The mixture overflows into the defoaming module to eliminate the emulsion layer and accelerate the separation of the two phases; S3. The mixture enters the clarification chamber downwards, the two phases separate naturally, and the emulsion layer is suspended between the two phases; S4. The monitoring module monitors the height and thickness of the emulsion layer in real time, and controls the emulsion layer to be drawn into the centrifugation chamber for centrifugation and elimination before entering the defoaming module. S5. The two phases are fed into the inter-phase flow chamber respectively, and the remaining other phases in the two phases are separated and refluxed to the clarification chamber. S6. The two purified phases in the interflow chamber enter the two sides of the discharge chamber and are then discharged. The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. In this metal ion extraction and separation device, the two phases are introduced into the mixing chamber through two sets of feed pipes. At this time, the stirring blades are driven by a servo motor to rotate at low speed. The material enters from the bottom and passes through multiple sieve plates for sieving and mixing. At the same time, the stirring blades and turbulence blades in the mixing chamber are sheared. During this process, due to the low speed but large shearing force, the two phases are fully mixed. At the same time, the two phases form a relatively obvious emulsion. Then, the problem of emulsion layer is solved by setting up an antifoaming module and a centrifuge chamber, thereby ensuring that the two phases are fully mixed, improving the extraction rate, and solving the problem of difficult emulsion layer treatment.

[0015] 2. This metal ion extraction and separation device, by sequentially designing a flow buffer, flow channel extension plate, orifice plate, and T-shaped plate in the clarification chamber, achieves rapid consumption of fluid kinetic energy and accelerates natural sedimentation of the fluid. At the same time, a purification chamber is set up on one side of the clarification chamber. Multiple baffles in the interflow chamber form alternating aqueous phase channels and organic phase channels. Porous hydrophilic material and porous hydrophobic material are set on both sides of the baffles to help small droplets of other phases in the two phases to quickly converge and flush out large droplets of other phases, and then naturally separate into layers. The liquid is then pumped back to the clarification chamber, thereby achieving two-phase purification and improving the purity of the discharged two phases.

[0016] 3. This metal ion extraction and separation device, through the installation of a monitoring module, uses a vision camera to monitor the presence of the emulsion layer in real time. As the ratio of the two phases in the clarification chamber changes, and when the ratio of the two phases is too unbalanced, causing the emulsion layer to be too high or too low, the device controls the number of times the inlet solenoid valve is opened to change the outflow rate of the aqueous phase, thereby ensuring that the emulsion layer is within a certain height range. The vision camera also monitors the thickness of the emulsion layer in real time. When the thickness of the emulsion layer reaches the preset threshold Hmax, the device adjusts the emulsion layer to move to the designated height position. At this time, the suction pump is started to draw the emulsion layer into the centrifuge chamber for centrifugal separation. When the thickness of the emulsion layer drops to the preset threshold Hmin, the suction stops. This achieves emulsion layer separation and centrifugation, while avoiding excessive suction of the two separated phases. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall outer surface of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall bottom of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the separation chamber of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top of the defoaming module of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the defoaming module of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top view of the internal structure of the clarification chamber and purification chamber of the present invention; Figure 7This is an exploded view of part of the internal structure of the clarification chamber and purification chamber of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring module of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the outer surface structure of the flow buffer of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the purification chamber of this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the outer surface structure of the stirring blade of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the fixing cover of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the self-starting valve of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Separation chamber; 12. Defoaming module; 121. First waveform board; 122. Second waveform board; 123. Leakage hole; 124. Drain outlet; 125. Guide pipe; 126. Drainage hole; 127. Anti-surge plate; 128. Drainage hole; 13. Clarification chamber; 132. Flow buffer; 1321. Corrugated guide plate; 1322. Straight-through orifice; 1323. Connecting rod; 133. Flow channel extension plate; 134. Orifice plate; 135. T-shaped plate; 136. Suction pump; 137. Connecting pipe; 14. Purification chamber; 141. Interflow chamber; 142. Discharge chamber; 143. Bottom pipe; 144. Overflow pipe; 145. Inlet solenoid valve; 146. Overflow trough; 147. Connection port; 148. Discharge pipe; 149. Float; 1410. Counterweight; 1411. Variable frequency pump; 1412. Baffle plate; 1413. Overflow pipe; 1414. Underflow pipe; 2. Mixing chamber; 21. Cylinder; 22. Feed pipe; 23. Sieve plate; 24. Servo motor; 25. Stirring blades; 26. Turbulence blades; 3. PLC controller; 4. Centrifuge chamber; 41. Fixed cover; 42. Drive ring; 43. Internal gear ring; 44. Transmission gear; 45. Driven gear; 46. Centrifuge compartment; 47. Rotary shaft; 48. Lift pump; 49. Self-opening valve; 491. Double-ended pipe; 492. Sealing plug; 493. Spring; 494. Drain hole; 5. Monitoring module; 51. Bracket; 52. Sliding plate; 53. Cylinder; 54. Vision camera. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: The present invention provides as follows Figures 1-13 The metal ion extraction and separation device shown includes a separation chamber 1, a mixing chamber 2, and a PLC controller 3 for controlling the separation chamber 1 and the mixing chamber 2. A defoaming module 12 is provided at the top of the separation chamber 1. The mixing chamber 2 is connected to the defoaming module 12. The defoaming module 12 includes two sets of electrothermal wave plates with opposite inclination directions. The two sets of electrothermal wave plates enable the two mixed phases to undergo electrothermal defoaming. The bottom of the separation chamber 1 is divided into a clarification chamber 13 and a purification chamber 14 by a partition in the middle. The defoaming module 12 is connected to the clarification chamber 13. Multiple slow-flow modules are provided in the clarification chamber 13 so that the two mixed phases move slowly to the end in the clarification chamber 13 to achieve natural separation of the two phases. A monitoring module 5 is installed at the end of the clarification chamber 13, and a centrifuge chamber 4 is installed at the bottom of the mixing chamber 2. A suction pump 136 is installed between the end of the clarification chamber 13 and the centrifuge chamber 4. The monitoring module 5 monitors the emulsion layer between the two phases, and controls the suction pump 136 to pump the emulsion layer to the centrifuge chamber 4 for centrifugation and elimination based on the thickness and height of the emulsion layer. Clarification chamber 13 is connected to purification chamber 14. Purification chamber 14 is provided with interflow chamber 141, which is provided with multiple independent purification channels. The two phases in clarification chamber 13 enter the adjacent purification channels respectively, and a baffle plate 1412 is provided between the two adjacent purification channels. Porous hydrophilic material and porous hydrophobic material are respectively provided on both sides of the baffle plate 1412, so that when the two phases flow in their respective channels, the other phases in the two phases are collected and separated by the porous hydrophilic material and the porous hydrophobic material and then discharged into clarification chamber 13, thereby purifying the two phases flowing out of the end of the channel.

[0021] The porous hydrophilic layer material uses hydrophilic polyethersulfone porous foam. Its core function is to capture small water droplets in the organic phase by using strong hydrophilicity. Through the "attachment-aggregation" sites provided by the porous structure, the small droplets merge into larger droplets with greater density. Finally, they settle downwards by gravity, thus achieving separation from the organic phase. The porous hydrophobic layer material uses hydrophobically modified polyethylene porous fiber felt; its core function is to capture small organic phase droplets in the aqueous phase through strong hydrophobicity, and use the "entanglement-coalescence" effect of the porous structure to make the small droplets merge into larger droplets with lower density, which float upward by buoyancy, thus achieving separation from the aqueous phase.

[0022] The mixing chamber 2 includes a cylinder 21 and two sets of feed pipes 22 installed on the outer wall of the bottom end of the cylinder 21 for two-phase injection. Multiple screen plates 23 are fixedly installed inside the cylinder 21. A servo motor 24 is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder 21. Mixing chambers are naturally formed between the multiple screen plates 23. Stirring blades 25 are rotatably installed in each of the multiple mixing chambers. The multiple stirring blades 25 are coaxially fixed to the output end of the servo motor 24. Turbulence blades 26 are provided at the bottom of the screen plates 23. The tilt direction of the turbulence blades 26 is opposite to the tilt direction of the blades of the stirring blades 25, so that the stirring blades 25 create turbulence on the fluid when they rotate, thereby improving the mixing effect.

[0023] An overflow port connected to the top of the separation chamber 1 is provided on one side of the top of the cylinder 21. The electric heating corrugated plate contains an electric heating wire for heating. The electric heating corrugated plate includes a first corrugated plate 121 and a second corrugated plate 122. The upper end of the first corrugated plate 121 is directly below the overflow port, and the bottom end of the first corrugated plate 121 is provided with a drain port 124 directly opposite the upper end of the second corrugated plate 122. The surface of the first corrugated plate 121 is provided with multiple rows of drain holes 123 so that after the mixture on the first corrugated plate 121 is heated once, most of it flows down through the drain port 124 to the second corrugated plate 122 for secondary heating. At the same time, a small part of the mixture on the first corrugated plate 121 drips down through the drain holes 123 to drip and defoam the mixture on the second corrugated plate 122, thereby eliminating part of the emulsion layer.

[0024] The bottom end of the second wave plate 122 is fixedly connected to a guide pipe 125. The bottom end of the guide pipe 125 extends to the inner bottom of the clarification chamber 13 and has a flow hole 126. An anti-surge plate 127 is fixedly installed in the clarification chamber 13, and the two sides of the anti-surge plate 127 are fixedly welded to the two sides of the inner wall of the clarification chamber 13. A drain hole 128 is opened at the bottom of the anti-surge plate 127.

[0025] The following are installed sequentially in clarification chamber 13: The flow slowing frame 132 is located near one end of the anti-surge plate 127. The flow slowing frame 132 includes multiple parallel corrugated guide plates 1321, and a connecting rod 1323 is fixed between the multiple corrugated guide plates 1321. The connecting rod 1323 is fixed to the inner wall of the clarification chamber 13, so that a corrugated flow channel is formed between the multiple corrugated guide plates 1321. At the same time, a direct flow hole 1322 is opened on the corrugated guide plate 1321. Each direct flow hole 1322 is perpendicular to the corrugated flow channel at its position, so that when the liquid passes through the direct flow hole 1322 and the corrugated flow channel respectively, it forms a flow obstruction, thereby consuming the fluid kinetic energy and realizing the slowing of the fluid. Multiple flow channel extension plates 133 are arranged at equal intervals at the end of the flow slowing frame 132, and the multiple flow channel extension plates 133 are alternately fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the clarification chamber 13 so that an "S"-shaped flow slowing channel is formed between the multiple flow channel extension plates 133. The orifice plate 134 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the clarification chamber 13 on both sides, and its surface is densely provided with through holes so that the fluid can slowly pass through the through holes. T-shaped plate 135 is fixed to the inner wall of clarification chamber 13, and slots are provided on both sides of T-shaped plate 135 so that fluid flows through T-shaped plate 135 from both sides.

[0026] A suction pump 136 is fixedly mounted on a T-shaped plate 135. A connecting pipe 137 is installed between the output end of the suction pump 136 and the centrifuge chamber 4. The monitoring module 5 includes a bracket 51. A viewing window is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the clarification chamber 13. The bracket 51 is fixedly mounted on the viewing window. A cylinder 53 is fixedly mounted on the top of the bracket 51. A sliding plate 52 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the cylinder 53. A vision camera 54 is fixedly mounted on the sliding plate 52. The sliding plate 52 drives the vision camera 54 to slide along the bracket 51 to observe the height and thickness of the emulsion layer inside the clarification chamber 13.

[0027] A down-flow pipe 143 is installed between the bottom of the clarification chamber 13 and the interflow chamber 141, and an inlet solenoid valve 145 is installed on the down-flow pipe 143. An overflow pipe 144 is installed between the top of the clarification chamber 13 and the interflow chamber 141. An overflow groove 146 is opened at one end of the overflow pipe 144. Multiple connection ports 147 are respectively provided at the other end of the down-flow pipe 143 and the overflow pipe 144. The multiple connection ports 147 are respectively connected to multiple purification channels so that the two phases flow alternately in the multiple purification channels. An overflow pipe 1413 and a bottom flow pipe 1414 for the two phases to be discharged are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the end of the interflow chamber 141. A discharge chamber 142 is provided at the end of the interflow chamber 141. The interior of the discharge chamber 142 is divided into two independent liquid storage tanks by a partition. The overflow pipe 1413 and the bottom flow pipe 1414 are respectively connected to the two sets of liquid storage tanks, and a discharge pipe 148 is installed on both sets of liquid storage tanks. A reflux pipe is installed in the purification channel, and the other end of the reflux pipe extends into the clarification chamber 13. Both ends of the reflux pipe in the purification channel through which the aqueous phase flows are equipped with floaters 149 for the reflux pipe to float on the liquid surface. Both ends of the reflux pipe in the purification channel through which the organic phase flows are equipped with counterweights 1410 for the reflux pipe to sink to the bottom. Variable frequency pumps 1411 are installed on each of the two sets of reflux pipes.

[0028] The centrifuge chamber 4 includes a fixed cover 41 fixedly installed at the bottom of the cylinder 21. A drive ring 42 is rotatably installed on the top of the fixed cover 41. An electromagnetic clutch coupling is installed between the drive ring 42 and the output shaft of the servo motor 24 so that the two can transmit or cut off power by switching on and off. An internal gear ring 43 is integrally formed at the bottom of the drive ring 42. A centrifuge chamber 46 is rotatably installed in the cylinder 21. The end of the connecting pipe 137 extends to the top opening of the centrifuge chamber 46. A rotating shaft 47 is fixedly installed in the middle of the centrifuge chamber 46. A driven gear 45 is fixedly installed at the top of the rotating shaft 47. A transmission gear 44 is rotatably installed in the fixed cover 41. The two sides of the transmission gear 44 mesh with the internal gear ring 43 and the driven gear 45 respectively so that the stirring blade 25 drives the centrifuge chamber 46 to rotate. A self-opening valve 49 is installed on the bottom side wall of the centrifuge chamber 46. A lift pump 48 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed cover 41. The output end of the lift pump 48 is connected to the top of the first wave plate 121 through a hose.

[0029] The self-starting valve 49 includes a double-ended pipe 491 fixedly embedded in the side wall of the centrifuge chamber 46. A spring 493 is installed inside the double-ended pipe 491. A sealing plug 492 is slidably installed in the inner end of the double-ended pipe 491. Drainage holes 494 are opened on both the inner end face of the double-ended pipe 491 and the sealing plug 492. The centrifuge chamber 46 rotates so that the sealing plug 492 adheres to the surface of the drainage hole 494 in the double-ended pipe 491 under the action of centrifugal force, thereby achieving a seal. When the centrifuge chamber 46 stops, the spring 493 pushes the sealing plug 492 to move inward so that the fluid in the centrifuge chamber 46 is discharged sequentially through the two sets of drainage holes 494 to the bottom of the fixed cover 41.

[0030] Working principle: During use, the aqueous phase containing metal ions and the organic phase used as the extractant are introduced into the mixing chamber 2 through two sets of feed pipes 22. At this time, the servo motor 24 drives the stirring blades 25 to rotate at low speed. The material enters from the bottom and passes through multiple sieve plates 23 for sieving and mixing. At the same time, the stirring blades 25 and the turbulence blades 26 in the mixing chamber shear the material, thereby making the two phases fully mixed. This allows the extractant in the organic phase to react chemically with the metal ions in the aqueous phase to form a stable complex that is easily soluble in the organic phase, thus achieving the "directional transfer" of solute from the aqueous phase to the organic phase. During this process, due to the low speed but large shear force, the two phases form a relatively obvious emulsion. At this time, a certain emulsion layer exists in the mixed liquid discharged upward. The mixture then enters the top of the first corrugated plate 121 through the overflow port, flows along the inclined top surface of the first corrugated plate 121 towards the drain port 124, and then falls onto the second corrugated plate 122. Both corrugated plates are heated at medium and low temperatures, which activates the organic phase, reduces viscosity, and promotes the separation of the two phases. At the same time, the water flow moves up and down on the corrugated plates, forming a certain oscillation and defoaming effect. Meanwhile, some liquid on the first corrugated plate 121 drips onto the second corrugated plate 122 through the drain hole 123, splashing the water flow on the second corrugated plate 122. Combined with the heating effect, this emulsifies and defoams, thus alleviating the defoaming of the emulsion layer. The mixture then flows downwards through the guide pipe 125 into the clarification chamber 13, and out through the oozing hole 126. Simultaneously, it is blocked by the anti-surge plate 127, thus achieving a slow flow into the clarification chamber 13. At this point, the fluid first passes through the wavy flow channel between multiple wavy guide plates 1321 to achieve a slow flow and extend the flow path. Simultaneously, some liquid passes through the direct flow hole 1322 and forms a flow barrier with the liquid in the wavy flow channel, thereby consuming the fluid's kinetic energy and achieving a slow flow. At this point, the kinetic energy of the mixture is basically eliminated, and it flows forward slowly. The liquid then flows slowly through the "S"-shaped slow-flow channel composed of multiple flow channel extension plates 133. During this process, the two phases naturally separate, with the aqueous phase... The heavier organic phase sinks naturally, while the lighter organic phase floats on top. The liquid is then gradually divided through the orifice plate 134 and the T-shaped plate 135, eventually allowing the fluid to settle and separate at the end of the clarification chamber 13. This results in a distinct upper and lower layer of the mixture at the end of the clarification chamber 13, with only a small amount of emulsion remaining between the two phases. At this point, the upper organic phase overflows through the overflow trough 146, and the lower aqueous phase is drained into the interflow chamber 141 by controlling the water inlet solenoid valve 145. Under the action of the lower pipe 143, a communicating vessel principle is formed. When the liquid level inside the interflow chamber 141 is lower than the liquid level in the clarification chamber 13, the aqueous phase can be discharged from the bottom by controlling the water inlet solenoid valve 145 to open. During this process, the presence of the emulsion layer is monitored in real time by a vision camera 54. As the ratio of the two phases in the clarification chamber 13 changes, the height of the emulsion layer changes. At this time, the vision camera 54 monitors the change in the height of the emulsion layer to control the up and down movement of the cylinder 53, keeping the vision camera 54 always facing the emulsion layer. At the same time, when the ratio of the two phases is too unbalanced, causing the emulsion layer to be too high or too low, the number of times the water inlet solenoid valve 145 is opened is controlled to change the outflow rate of the water phase, thereby ensuring that the emulsion layer is within a certain height range. The vision camera 54 also monitors the thickness of the emulsion layer in real time. When the thickness of the emulsion layer reaches the preset threshold Hmax, the emulsion layer is adjusted to move to the specified height position. At this time, the suction pump 136 is started to pump the emulsion layer into the centrifuge chamber 4. When the thickness of the emulsion layer drops to the preset threshold Hmin, the suction stops to avoid excessive suction of the separated two phases. When the suction pump 136 starts, the electromagnetic clutch coupling connected between the servo motor 24 and the drive ring 42 is activated, causing the bottom end of the output shaft of the servo motor 24 to drive the drive ring 42 to rotate. The drive ring 42 ultimately drives the driven gear 45 to rotate through the internal gear ring 43 and the transmission gear 44. By designing the transmission ratio of the internal gear ring 43, the transmission gear 44, and the driven gear 45, the rotational speed is increased, causing the centrifugal chamber 46 to rotate at high speed. At this time, the centrifugal chamber 46 rotates so that the sealing plug 492 adheres to the double-ended pipe under the action of centrifugal force. The surface of the drain hole 494 in 491 is sealed; then the emulsion layer is injected into the centrifuge chamber 46, the centrifuge chamber 46 rotates at high speed, so that the emulsion is centrifuged to achieve two-phase separation. When the suction pump 136 stops, the electromagnetic clutch coupling is closed. At this time, when the centrifuge chamber 46 stops, the spring 493 pushes the sealing plug 492 to move inward, so that the fluid in the centrifuge chamber 46 is discharged to the bottom of the fixed cover 41 through the two sets of drain holes 494 in sequence. Then, the separated two phases are pumped into the top of the first wave plate 121 by the lift pump 48 for recycling. When the two phases enter the interflow chamber 141 through the overflow pipe 144 and the downflow pipe 143 respectively, the interflow chamber 141 is divided into multiple parallel purification channels by multiple baffles 1412. The two phases flow alternately in adjacent purification channels. Porous hydrophilic and porous hydrophobic layers are respectively arranged on both sides of the baffles 1412. This allows the small amount of residual aqueous phase in the organic phase to contact the porous hydrophilic layers on both sides, causing small droplets of aqueous phase to converge into large droplets of aqueous phase and then settle downwards at an accelerated rate. Meanwhile, the small amount of residual organic phase in the aqueous phase contacts the porous hydrophobic layers on both sides, causing small droplets of organic phase to converge into large droplets of organic phase. The organic phase droplets are accelerated upwards, thus achieving rapid separation of other phases in the target phase. A small amount of organic phase floating on top of the aqueous phase is pumped back to the top of the liquid surface in the clarification chamber 13 through a reflux pipe with a float 149. A small amount of aqueous phase deposited at the bottom of the organic phase is pumped back to the bottom of the clarification chamber 13 through a reflux pipe with a counterweight 1410. Then, the purified organic phase in the interflow chamber 141 is discharged to one side of the discharge chamber 142 through the overflow pipe 1413, and the purified aqueous phase in the interflow chamber 141 is discharged to the other side of the discharge chamber 142 through the underflow pipe 1414. Finally, they are discharged through the discharge pipe 148, completing the metal ion extraction.

[0031] Example 2, see attached document Figure 1 To be continued Figure 14 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for using a metal ion extraction and separation device, including the following steps: S1. The two phases are mixed in mixing chamber 2, and metal ions enter the organic phase from the aqueous phase. S2, the mixture overflows into the defoaming module 12 to eliminate the emulsion layer and accelerate the separation of the two phases; S3. The mixture enters the clarification chamber 13 downwards, the two phases separate naturally, and the emulsion layer is suspended between the two phases; S4, Monitoring module 5 monitors the height and thickness of the emulsion layer in real time, and controls the emulsion layer to be drawn into centrifugation chamber 4 for centrifugation and elimination before entering the defoaming module; S5. The two phases are respectively fed into the interflow chamber 141, and the remaining other phases in the two phases are separated and refluxed to the clarification chamber 13. The two phases purified in S6 and interflow chamber 141 are discharged after entering the two sides of discharge chamber 142 respectively.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal ion extraction and separation device, comprising a separation chamber (1) and a mixing chamber (2) and a PLC controller (3) for controlling the separation chamber (1) and the mixing chamber (2), characterized in that, The separation chamber (1) is provided with a defoaming module (12) at its inner top. The mixing chamber (2) is connected to the defoaming module (12). The defoaming module (12) includes two sets of electrothermal waveform plates with opposite inclination directions. The two sets of electrothermal waveform plates are used to defoam the two phases after mixing. The bottom of the separation chamber (1) is divided into a clarification chamber (13) and a purification chamber (14) by a partition in the middle. The defoaming module (12) is connected to the clarification chamber (13). The clarification chamber (13) is provided with multiple slow-flow modules so that the two phases after mixing move slowly to the end in the clarification chamber (13) to achieve natural separation of the two phases. A monitoring module (5) is provided at the end of the clarification chamber (13), a centrifuge chamber (4) is installed at the bottom of the mixing chamber (2), and a suction pump (136) is installed between the end of the clarification chamber (13) and the centrifuge chamber (4). The monitoring module (5) monitors the emulsion layer between the two phases, and controls the suction pump (136) to pump the emulsion layer into the centrifuge chamber (4) for centrifugation and elimination according to the thickness and height of the emulsion layer. The clarification chamber (13) is connected to the purification chamber (14). The purification chamber (14) is provided with an interflow chamber (141). The interflow chamber (141) is provided with multiple independent purification channels. The two phases in the clarification chamber (13) enter the adjacent purification channels respectively. A baffle plate (1412) is provided between the two adjacent purification channels. Porous hydrophilic material and porous hydrophobic material are respectively provided on both sides of the baffle plate (1412) so that when the two phases flow in their respective channels, the other phases in the two phases are collected and separated by the porous hydrophilic material and the porous hydrophobic material and then discharged into the clarification chamber (13), thereby purifying the two phases flowing out of the end of the channel.

2. The metal ion extraction and separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing chamber (2) includes a cylinder (21) and two sets of feed pipes (22) installed on the outer wall of the bottom end of the cylinder (21) for two-phase injection. Multiple screen plates (23) are fixedly arranged inside the cylinder (21). A servo motor (24) is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder (21). A mixing chamber is naturally formed between the multiple screen plates (23), and stirring blades (25) are rotatably arranged in the multiple mixing chambers. The multiple stirring blades (25) are coaxially fixed to the output end of the servo motor (24). A turbulence blade (26) is arranged at the bottom of the screen plate (23). The tilt direction of the turbulence blade (26) is opposite to the tilt direction of the blade of the stirring blade (25) so that the stirring blade (25) forms turbulence on the fluid when it rotates, thereby improving the mixing effect.

3. The metal ion extraction and separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, An overflow port connected to the top of the separation chamber (1) is provided on one side of the top of the cylinder (21). The electric heating wave plate has a built-in heating wire for heating. The electric heating wave plate includes a first wave plate (121) and a second wave plate (122). The upper end of the first wave plate (121) is directly below the overflow port, and the bottom end of the first wave plate (121) is provided with a drain port (124) directly facing the upper end of the second wave plate (122). The surface of the first wave plate (121) is provided with multiple rows of drain holes (123) so that after the mixture on the first wave plate (121) is heated once, most of it flows down through the drain port (124) to the second wave plate (122) for secondary heating. At the same time, a small part of the mixture on the first wave plate (121) drips down through the drain holes (123) to defoam the mixture on the second wave plate (122), thereby eliminating part of the emulsion layer.

4. The metal ion extraction and separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom end of the second wave plate (122) is fixedly connected to a guide pipe (125). The bottom end of the guide pipe (125) extends to the inner bottom of the clarification chamber (13) and is provided with a oozing hole (126). An anti-surge plate (127) is fixedly installed in the clarification chamber (13), and the two sides of the anti-surge plate (127) are fixedly welded to the two sides of the inner wall of the clarification chamber (13). An exhaust hole (128) is provided at the bottom of the anti-surge plate (127).

5. The metal ion extraction and separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The clarification chamber (13) is sequentially equipped with; A flow slowing frame (132) is provided near one end of the anti-surge plate (127). The flow slowing frame (132) includes multiple wave-shaped guide plates (1321) arranged in parallel, and a connecting rod (1323) is fixed between the multiple wave-shaped guide plates (1321). The connecting rod (1323) is fixed to the inner wall of the clarification chamber (13) so that a wave-shaped flow channel is formed between the multiple wave-shaped guide plates (1321). At the same time, a direct flow hole (1322) is opened on the wave-shaped guide plate (1321). Each direct flow hole (1322) is perpendicular to the wave-shaped flow channel at its position so that when the liquid passes through the direct flow hole (1322) and the wave-shaped flow channel respectively, it forms a flow obstruction, thereby consuming the fluid kinetic energy and realizing the slowing of the fluid. Multiple flow channel extension plates (133) are arranged at equal intervals at the end of the flow buffer (132), and the multiple flow channel extension plates (133) are alternately fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the clarification chamber (13) so that an "S"-shaped flow channel is formed between the multiple flow channel extension plates (133); The orifice plate (134) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the clarification chamber (13) on both sides, and its surface is densely provided with through holes so that the fluid can slowly pass through the through holes; T-shaped plate (135) is fixed to the inner wall of the clarification chamber (13), and slots are provided on both sides of the T-shaped plate (135) so that fluid flows through the T-shaped plate (135) from both sides.

6. The metal ion extraction and separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The suction pump (136) is fixedly mounted on the T-shaped plate (135). A connecting pipe (137) is installed between the output end of the suction pump (136) and the centrifuge chamber (4). The monitoring module (5) includes a bracket (51). A viewing window is fixedly embedded on the side wall of the clarification chamber (13). The bracket (51) is fixedly mounted on the viewing window. A cylinder (53) is fixedly mounted on the top of the bracket (51). A sliding plate (52) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the cylinder (53). A visual camera (54) is fixedly mounted on the sliding plate (52). The sliding plate (52) drives the visual camera (54) to slide along the bracket (51) to observe the height and thickness of the emulsion layer inside the clarification chamber (13).

7. The metal ion extraction and separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A downpipe (143) is installed between the bottom of the clarification chamber (13) and the interflow chamber (141), and an inlet solenoid valve (145) is installed on the downpipe (143). An overflow pipe (144) is installed between the top of the clarification chamber (13) and the interflow chamber (141). An overflow groove (146) is opened at one end of the overflow pipe (144). Multiple connection ports (147) are respectively provided at the other end of the downpipe (143) and the overflow pipe (144). The multiple connection ports (147) are respectively connected to multiple purification channels. The two phases flow alternately in multiple purification channels. The upper and lower sides of the end of the interflow chamber (141) are respectively provided with an overflow pipe (1413) and a bottom flow pipe (1414) for the discharge of the two phases. The end of the interflow chamber (141) is provided with a discharge chamber (142). The interior of the discharge chamber (142) is divided by a partition to form two independent liquid storage tanks. The overflow pipe (1413) and the bottom flow pipe (1414) are respectively connected to the two sets of liquid storage tanks, and a discharge pipe (148) is installed on both sets of liquid storage tanks. A reflux pipe is installed in the purification channel, and the other end of the reflux pipe extends into the clarification chamber (13). Both ends of the reflux pipe in the purification channel through which the aqueous phase flows are equipped with floaters (149) for the reflux pipe to float on the liquid surface. Both ends of the reflux pipe in the purification channel through which the organic phase flows are equipped with counterweights (1410) for the reflux pipe to sink to the bottom. Variable frequency pumps (1411) are installed on the two sets of reflux pipes respectively.

8. A metal ion extraction and separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The centrifuge chamber (4) includes a fixed cover (41) fixedly installed at the bottom of the cylinder (21). A drive ring (42) is rotatably installed on the top of the fixed cover (41). An electromagnetic clutch coupling is installed between the drive ring (42) and the output shaft of the servo motor (24) so ​​that the two can transmit or disconnect power by switching on and off. An internal gear ring (43) is integrally formed at the bottom of the drive ring (42). A centrifuge chamber (46) is rotatably installed in the cylinder (21). The end of the connecting pipe (137) extends into the top opening of the centrifuge chamber (46). The middle part of the centrifuge chamber (46) is fixed. A rotating shaft (47) is fixedly provided, and a driven gear (45) is fixedly provided at the top of the rotating shaft (47). A transmission gear (44) is rotatably provided in the fixed cover (41). The two sides of the transmission gear (44) mesh with the internal gear ring (43) and the driven gear (45) respectively, so that the stirring blade (25) drives the centrifuge chamber (46) to rotate. A self-starting valve (49) is installed on the bottom side wall of the centrifuge chamber (46). A lift pump (48) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed cover (41). The output end of the lift pump (48) is connected to the top of the first wave plate (121) through a hose.

9. A metal ion extraction and separation device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The self-starting valve (49) includes a double-ended pipe (491) fixedly embedded in the side wall of the centrifuge chamber (46). A spring (493) is provided inside the double-ended pipe (491). A sealing plug (492) is slidably provided in the inner end of the double-ended pipe (491). Drainage holes (494) are provided on both the inner end face of the double-ended pipe (491) and the sealing plug (492). The centrifuge chamber (46) rotates so that the sealing plug (492) adheres to the surface of the drainage hole (494) in the double-ended pipe (491) under the action of centrifugal force, thereby achieving a seal. When the centrifuge chamber (46) stops, the spring (493) pushes the sealing plug (492) to move inward so that the fluid in the centrifuge chamber (46) is discharged to the bottom of the fixed cover (41) in sequence through the two sets of drainage holes (494).

10. A method of using a metal ion extraction and separation device, based on the metal ion extraction and separation device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The two phases are mixed in the mixing chamber (2), and metal ions enter the organic phase from the aqueous phase; S2, the mixture overflows into the defoaming module (12) to eliminate the emulsion layer and accelerate the separation of the two phases; S3. The mixture enters the clarification chamber (13) downwards, the two phases separate naturally, and the emulsion layer is suspended between the two phases; S4. The monitoring module (5) monitors the height and thickness of the emulsion layer in real time, and controls the suction of the emulsion layer to the centrifuge chamber (4) for centrifugation and elimination before entering the defoaming module. S5. The two phases are respectively fed into the interflow chamber (141) to separate and return the remaining other phases in the two phases to the clarification chamber (13). S6. The two purified phases in the interflow chamber (141) are discharged after entering the two sides of the discharge chamber (142).

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