High-productivity full-automatic gem grinding and polishing production line

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-productivity full-automatic gem grinding and polishing production line which comprises a rack, a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism, a first rotary reversing mechanism, a second rotary reversing mechanism and a plurality of racks. Two first machining station sets are sequentially arranged on the front side of the rack from right to left, and each first machining station set comprises a first gluing station, a feeding station, a grinding station, a polishing station and a first discharging station. Two second processing station groups arranged from left to right are arranged on the rear side of the first processing station group, and each group comprises a second gluing station, a feeding station, a grinding station, a polishing station and a second discharging station. The first conveying mechanism drives the material frame to pass through all the station sets from right to left from the front side, and the second conveying mechanism drives the material frame to pass through all the station sets from left to right from the rear side. The first rotary reversing mechanism is arranged on the right side and is connected with the front side gluing station and the rear side discharging station; and the second rotary reversing mechanism is arranged on the left side and is connected with the front-side discharging station and the rear-side gluing station. And continuous production with high productivity, low energy consumption and stable quality is realized through multiple groups of parallel processing and a compact circulating path.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a gem processing equipment, in particular to a high-capacity full-automatic gem grinding and polishing production line. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of gem processing, especially in the mass production of small optical components such as artificial crystal water diamonds and glass beads, grinding and polishing are key processes that determine product quality and production efficiency. Traditional manual or semi-automatic production lines have problems such as high labor intensity, low processing precision, and limited production capacity. In recent years, with the development of automation technology, full-automatic gem grinding and polishing production lines have gradually become the industry mainstream. They realize full-process automation operation from gluing, feeding, grinding, polishing to discharging through the setting of a circulating transmission system and multi-station collaborative work.

[0003] There are many design schemes for gem grinding and polishing production lines in the prior art. For example, Chinese patent CN217516065U discloses a gem circulating processing transmission rack, which adopts a double-row station layout on the front side and the rear side, cooperates with the first and second transmission mechanisms, and uses a rotating reversing mechanism at both ends of the device to realize closed-loop circulation conveying of the rack between the front and rear stations. Chinese invention patent CN115256184A proposes a single-point gem processing equipment, which sets independent processing processes on the front side and the rear side respectively, and completes batch clamping through synchronous driving of multiple feeding needles, thereby improving processing consistency. Chinese invention patent CN117943950A discloses a high-speed water diamond grinding and polishing production line, which arranges the adhesive and the feeding station behind the grinding and polishing stations in the same row, and uses staggered front and rear grinding and polishing stations to reduce vibration interference, thereby improving processing stability and beat efficiency. It can be seen that the existing full-automatic gem grinding and polishing production lines generally adopt the basic framework of "single processing station group + double-sided circulation". Although they realize automatic continuous operation, they expose obvious deficiencies when facing the growing demand for high production capacity: on the one hand, the single station group limits the number of racks that can be processed online at the same time; on the other hand, extending the production beat or increasing the number of devices to improve production will lead to increased energy consumption, expanded floor space, and increased management complexity.

[0004] Therefore, how to effectively improve the processing capacity per unit time without significantly increasing the device running frequency and energy consumption has become a key technical problem in the current gem grinding and polishing automation field. In particular, a new production line structure is needed that can maintain stable processing quality while achieving high production capacity, low energy consumption, and compact layout. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a high-capacity full-automatic gem grinding and polishing production line, which solves the above problems in the prior art.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present application is implemented as follows: a high-capacity full-automatic gemstone grinding and polishing production line, comprising a rack, a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism, a first rotary reversing mechanism, a second rotary reversing mechanism and a plurality of racks, the front side of the rack is sequentially provided with at least two first machining station groups from right to left, each first machining station group comprises a first glue applying station, a first feeding station, a plurality of first grinding stations, a plurality of first polishing stations and a first discharging station which are sequentially arranged from right to left; The rear side of the rack is sequentially provided with at least two second machining station groups from left to right, the second machining station group comprises a second glue applying station, a second feeding station, a plurality of second grinding stations, a plurality of second polishing stations and a second discharging station which are sequentially arranged from left to right; The first conveying mechanism is arranged on the front side of the rack and is used to drive the racks to sequentially pass through all the stations in each first machining station group in the direction from right to left; The second conveying mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the rack and is used to drive the racks to sequentially pass through all the stations in each second machining station group in the direction from left to right; The first rotary reversing mechanism is arranged on the right side of the rack and is located between the first glue applying station of the rightmost first machining station group and the second discharging station of the rightmost second machining station group; The second rotary reversing mechanism is arranged on the left side of the rack and is located between the first discharging station of the leftmost first machining station group and the second glue applying station of the leftmost second machining station group.

[0007] Preferably, in the plurality of first machining station groups, the first discharging station of the right adjacent first machining station group and the first glue applying station of the left adjacent first machining station group are arranged adjacent in space; In the plurality of second machining station groups, the second discharging station of the left adjacent second machining station group and the second glue applying station of the right adjacent second machining station group are arranged adjacent in space; Preferably, the first grinding station and the second grinding station are each provided with at least two.

[0008] Preferably, the first discharging station and the second discharging station are each provided with a heating mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, a first high-frequency heating station is arranged between the first discharging station and the first polishing station, and a second high-frequency heating station is arranged between the second discharging station and the second polishing station.

[0010] In summary, the present application has the following advantages: 1. This invention establishes at least two parallel first processing station groups on the front side of the machine frame. Each station group includes, from right to left, a first gluing station, a first loading station, multiple first grinding stations, multiple first polishing stations, and a first unloading station. At least two parallel second processing station groups are symmetrically arranged on the rear side of the machine frame. Each group also integrates a complete processing flow, enabling multiple independent processing flows to operate in parallel on the same equipment platform. Compared to the commonly used "single station group + double-sided circulation" structure in existing technologies, this invention significantly improves the processing capacity per unit time without increasing the equipment's cycle time. Taking two processing station groups on each side as an example, the theoretical production capacity can nearly double, greatly meeting the industrial demands for high-volume, continuous production.

[0011] In this layout, the first unloading station of the adjacent station group on the right and the first gluing station of the adjacent station group on the left are spatially adjacent. Similarly, on the rear side, the second unloading station of the adjacent second processing station group on the left and the second gluing station of the adjacent second processing station group on the right are also arranged adjacent. This compact layout allows empty material racks that have completed unloading to quickly flow to the starting end of the adjacent station group on the same side for re-gluing and reloading, shortening the idle travel time in the material rack circulation path, improving transmission efficiency, avoiding the inefficient mode of traditional layouts that must rely on reversing mechanisms at both ends to complete the return flow, and further improving the overall production cycle time.

[0012] This invention achieves a significant increase in production capacity without substantially increasing equipment operating speed and energy consumption by reconstructing the workstation layout, introducing multiple parallel processing links, and optimizing the material rack flow path. At the same time, it maintains the stability of processing quality and the high reliability of the system, truly achieving the synergistic optimization goal of "high production capacity, low energy consumption, and high quality". It has outstanding substantive features and significant progress. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a top view of the two first processing station groups and the second processing station group in this invention, both of which have high-frequency heating stations. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional image; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a top view of one of the first processing station groups and one of the second processing station groups in the present invention without a high-frequency heating station. Figure 5 for Figure 4 A three-dimensional image.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. First transmission mechanism; 3. Second transmission mechanism; 4. First rotation reversing mechanism; 5. Second rotation reversing mechanism; 6. Material rack; 71. First gluing station; 72. First loading station; 73. First grinding station; 74. First polishing station; 75. First unloading station; 76. First high-frequency heating station; 81. Second gluing station; 82. Second loading station; 83. Second grinding station; 84. Second polishing station; 85. Second unloading station; 86. Second high-frequency heating station; 91. Sliding frame; 92. Sliding seat; 93. Tilting plate; 94. Servo motor. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The following will refer to the appendices in the embodiments of the present invention. Figures 1-5 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described herein. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example: like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this invention discloses a high-capacity fully automated gemstone grinding and polishing production line, which can be flexibly configured with the number of workstations and functional modules according to production needs in practical applications. A preferred embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0018] The production line includes a frame 1, a first transmission mechanism 2, a second transmission mechanism 3, a first rotation reversing mechanism 4, a second rotation reversing mechanism 5, and several material racks 6 for carrying gemstone clamps. The frame 1 serves as the main support for the entire system, and its front side, from right to left, has at least two first processing station groups. Each first processing station group contains a complete gemstone processing flow. Specifically, each first processing station group includes a first gluing station 71, a first loading station 72, two first grinding stations 73 (rough grinding station and fine grinding station, respectively), a first polishing station 74, and a first unloading station 75.

[0019] Correspondingly, two second processing station groups are also arranged on the rear side of the rack 1 from left to right, each of which is sequentially provided with a second gluing station 81, a second feeding station 82, two second grinding stations 83, a second polishing station 84 and a second discharging station 85 from left to right. All the stations are linearly arranged in the horizontal direction.

[0020] Notably, the first processing station groups are arranged in a compact adjacent manner: the first discharging station 75 of the right adjacent first processing station group is arranged in close proximity to the first gluing station 71 of the left adjacent first processing station group, with only the spacing of one rack 6 between them. Similarly, on the rear side, the second discharging station 85 of the left adjacent second processing station group is also arranged adjacent to the second gluing station 81 of the right adjacent second processing station group. This layout design allows the empty rack 6 that has completed discharging to quickly flow to the starting end of the next station group for re-gluing on the same side without passing through the reversing mechanism, significantly shortening the non-processing time in the circulation path and improving the overall operation efficiency of the equipment.

[0021] The first transmission mechanism 2 is arranged on the front side of the rack 1 and adopts a reciprocating conveying system composed of a sliding frame 91, a sliding seat 92, a turnover plate 93 and a servo motor 94 driving device, which can drive the racks 6 to pass through all the stations in the first processing station groups in sequence from right to left. The second transmission mechanism 3 is arranged on the rear side of the rack 1 and has the same structure as the first transmission mechanism 2, which is used to drive the racks 6 to pass through the second processing station groups in sequence from left to right. Both sets of transmission mechanisms are mentioned in the existing patent CN115256184A, and the present application only needs to be lengthened to adapt to the layout of multiple groups of stations. This should be a common technical means for those skilled in the art, and its structure and operating principle are the same as the existing technology. The rhythm is uniformly coordinated and controlled by an industrial computer to ensure the accurate positioning and synchronous flow of each rack 6 between different stations. Therefore, detailed description is not repeated here.

[0022] The rack 6 is also a prior art, which is a long strip structure with multiple vertically downward feeding needles uniformly distributed at the lower end for clamping the to-be-processed pearl embryos.

[0023] The first rotating reversing mechanism 4 is arranged on the right side of the rack 1 between the first gluing station 71 of the rightmost first machining station group and the second blanking station 85 of the rightmost second machining station group; the second rotating reversing mechanism 5 is arranged on the left side of the rack 1 between the first blanking station 75 of the leftmost first machining station group and the second gluing station 81 of the leftmost second machining station group. Both rotating reversing mechanisms adopt a rotating table structure rotating in the vertical axial direction, and can realize 180-degree accurate rotation under the driving of a motor, so as to convey the rack 6 from the front side to the rear side or return from the rear side to the front side, and complete the closed-loop connection of the whole machining cycle.

[0024] As for the specific function implementation of each station, the prior art has mentioned it, and the present application does not improve the specific function implementation of each station. The following is a general description of the specific functions: The first gluing station 71 and the second gluing station 81 are both provided with a powder disc that can be lifted and moved forward and backward, the powder disc contains hot melt adhesive powder, and the powder disc is controlled by a motor to move forward and backward to uniformly apply the adhesive, and the lifting action makes the clamp on the rack 6 adhere to the powder. The first feeding station 72 and the second feeding station 82 use the adhesion of the powder to automatically adhere the bead blank (i.e. the raw material) to the clamp, thereby completing the feeding.

[0025] The number of the first grinding station 73 and the second grinding station 83 can be flexibly set according to the machining precision requirement, which can be two, three or more. For example, the first grinding station is used for rough grinding to quickly remove the excess amount and form the basic profile of the product; the subsequent grinding stations are used for fine grinding to gradually trim the angle and curvature to ensure the geometric precision. Each grinding station is provided with a liftable grinding wheel device, which makes the bead on the clamp contact with the grinding wheel through up-and-down movement, and combines with the indexing mechanism to change the machining angle, thereby realizing multi-surface grinding.

[0026] The number of the first polishing station 74 and the second polishing station 84 can be set to one or two according to the product smoothness requirement. When two are set, the front stage is used for preliminary polishing, and the rear stage is used for fine polishing to obtain a higher surface transparency effect. The working mode of the polishing station is similar to that of the grinding station, that is, the polishing wheel is driven by the lifting mechanism to contact with the bead, and the full-angle polishing is completed by the indexing action.

[0027] Regarding the heating treatment before discharging, the present application provides various optional embodiments, all within the scope of the present application. One is to directly integrate a heating mechanism inside the first and second discharging stations 75 and 85, for example, to provide a heating pipe below the clamp, as described in the first discharging mechanism structure of the existing patent CN202210765478.8, which integrates a heating pipe in the discharging station to soften the hot melt adhesive, facilitating subsequent discharging operations. The second is to independently set a heating function as a dedicated station, i.e., to add a first high-frequency heating station 76 between the first discharging station 75 and the first polishing station 74, and to add a second high-frequency heating station 86 between the second discharging station 85 and the second polishing station 84, to quickly and uniformly heat the clamp using high-frequency induction heating, thereby more efficiently releasing the adhesive force. The design of this independent heating station avoids the structural complexity and maintenance difficulties brought by integrating heating elements in the discharging mechanism, while improving the heating response speed and energy efficiency ratio.

[0028] During processing, the first gluing station 71 moves the powder disc forward and backward and lifts it up and down by motor drive, so that the clamps on the rack 6 are evenly coated with hot melt adhesive powder; the first feeding station 72 uses the adhesion of the powder to automatically adhere the bead blank to the clamp; the first grinding station 73 is divided into two stages, the first stage is rough grinding, which realizes preliminary forming by contacting the grinding wheel with the bead blank, and the second stage is fine grinding, which further trims the angle and surface precision; the first polishing station 74 processes the surface of the bead blank to be mirror-like by the polishing wheel, making it transparent and smooth; finally, in the first discharging station 75, the glue is melted after heating, so a spring brush made of steel wire can directly brush the finished gemstone off the clamp and fall into the collection box below. The working process of the second processing station group is completely symmetrical to the front side.

[0029] Since two processing station groups are provided on each side in this embodiment, all stations can perform processing operations simultaneously, so the number of racks 6 that can be processed per unit time is nearly twice that of the traditional single-group structure. The running pace of the equipment does not need to be accelerated, the main transmission system remains stable, the energy consumption per product is actually reduced, achieving the dual advantages of high productivity and low energy consumption. At the same time, the processing parameters are consistent, the product quality is stable, and the scrap rate is low.

[0030] The existing market equipment generally increases the yield by adjusting the power of the electrical appliance to the limit, resulting in high energy consumption, high load and accelerated wear of key components such as guide rails, screw rods and the like. The present application does not rely on increasing the running speed or increasing the electrical load under the premise of ensuring the stability of product quality, but realizes parallel operation of multiple processing flows by optimizing the layout of the workstations and the circulation path of the racks. Therefore, the production capacity can be nearly doubled when the equipment runs at a relatively low and stable speed; at the same time, the load rate of the electrical system and the mechanical wear parts is significantly reduced, greatly prolonging their service life, and truly realizing the synergistic optimization goal of "high production capacity, low energy consumption, long service life and stable quality".

[0031] It should be understood that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. For example, the first grinding station 73 and the second grinding station 83 can be provided with two or more according to the processing requirements; the first polishing station 74 and the second polishing station 84 can also be provided with one or two according to product requirements; the heating method can adopt various forms such as heat radiation, high-frequency induction or resistance heating; the transmission mechanism can also adopt other forms such as belts, chains or mechanical hands. Any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principles of the claims of the present application and equivalent technical solutions shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0032] It should also be pointed out that the terms indicated by the present application, such as "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present application.

[0033] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-capacity fully-automatic gemstone grinding and polishing production line, comprising a rack, a first conveying mechanism, a second conveying mechanism, a first rotary reversing mechanism, a second rotary reversing mechanism and a plurality of racks, characterized in that: The front side of the rack is provided with at least two first processing station groups from right to left, each first processing station group comprising a first glue applying station, a first feeding station, a plurality of first grinding stations, a plurality of first polishing stations and a first discharging station arranged from right to left; The rear side of the rack is provided with at least two second processing station groups from left to right, each second processing station group comprising a second glue applying station, a second feeding station, a plurality of second grinding stations, a plurality of second polishing stations and a second discharging station arranged from left to right; The first conveying mechanism is arranged on the front side of the rack and is used to drive the rack to pass through all the stations in each first processing station group in sequence from right to left; The second conveying mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the rack and is used to drive the rack to pass through all the stations in each second processing station group in sequence from left to right; The first rotating reversing mechanism is arranged on the right side of the rack between the first glue applying station of the rightmost first processing station group and the second discharging station of the rightmost second processing station group; The second rotating reversing mechanism is arranged on the left side of the rack between the first discharging station of the leftmost first processing station group and the second glue applying station of the leftmost second processing station group.

2. The high-capacity fully-automatic gemstone grinding and polishing production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the plurality of first processing station groups, the first discharging station of the right adjacent first processing station group and the first glue applying station of the left adjacent first processing station group are arranged adjacent in space; In the plurality of second processing station groups, the second discharging station of the left adjacent second processing station group and the second glue applying station of the right adjacent second processing station group are arranged adjacent in space.

3. The high-capacity fully-automatic gemstone grinding and polishing production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first grinding station and the second grinding station are each provided with at least two.

4. The high-capacity fully-automatic gemstone grinding and polishing production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first discharging station and the second discharging station are each provided with a heating mechanism.

5. The high-throughput fully-automatic gemstone grinding and polishing production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first discharging station and the first polishing station are provided with a first high-frequency heating station, and the second discharging station and the second polishing station are provided with a second high-frequency heating station.

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