Deep hole radial gate fluid-structure interaction vibration control and improvement method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower station maintenance, in particular to a deep hole radial gate fluid-structure interaction vibration control and improvement method. A monitoring point assembly is arranged on a deep-hole arc-shaped service gate and a dam, vibration, stress, water flow characteristics and operation state data under different working conditions are collected, transmitted in real time and displayed; evaluating the influence of vibration on the gate structure and dam connection safety; and according to vibration inducements obtained through analysis, a numerical simulation analysis scheme is adopted, and corresponding gate vibration reduction measures are adjusted. Monitoring points are arranged on a gate main beam, a supporting arm, a lifting lug and a dam, vibration, stress, hydraulic jump and jet data are comprehensively collected, and the authenticity and comprehensiveness of the data are ensured. A single factor analysis method and FSI modeling are adopted, vibration contributions of factors such as water seal water leakage and bottom edge hydraulic jump are quantified, finally, according to vibration inducements, the balance weight, the bottom edge type and the water seal structure are optimized, and the vibration reduction effect is verified through numerical simulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydropower station maintenance technology, and in particular to a method for controlling and improving the fluid-structure interaction vibration of a deep-hole arc gate. Background Technology

[0002] Deep-hole arc-shaped working gates are widely used in the flood discharge systems of hydropower stations. Their main function is to control water flow and ensure the safe operation of the dam. With the expansion of the scale of hydropower projects and the increase in the number of years of operation, the vibration problem of deep-hole arc-shaped gates under complex water flow conditions has become increasingly prominent, becoming an important factor affecting flood discharge safety, gate structure durability, and the overall stability of the dam.

[0003] However, existing technologies have many shortcomings in practical engineering applications. Current monitoring methods are mostly limited to laboratory model tests or single-parameter monitoring, lacking comprehensive, real-time data acquisition systems based on prototype observations. While existing research addresses the correlation between water flow excitation and gate resonance, it lacks quantitative analysis of the contribution of complex factors such as water seal leakage, bottom edge hydraulic jump, and component loosening, making it difficult to accurately identify the main vibration causes. Existing vibration reduction methods mostly employ general measures, such as structural reinforcement or adjusting operating conditions, lacking optimized designs for specific vibration causes (such as hydraulic jumps and slot jets).

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a fluid-structure interaction vibration control and improvement method for deep-hole arc gates that can achieve multi-dimensional prototype monitoring, accurate vibration mechanism analysis, and targeted vibration reduction design based on the analysis results to improve operation and maintenance efficiency, in order to meet the needs of the current environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of the present application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and title of the invention. Such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0006] Given that the existing monitoring methods are mostly limited to laboratory model tests or single parameter monitoring, they lack quantitative analysis of the contribution of complex factors such as water seal leakage, bottom edge hydraulic jump, and component loosening. The vibration reduction methods mostly adopt general measures, such as reinforcing the structure or adjusting the operating conditions, and lack optimized design for specific vibration causes (such as hydraulic jump and gap jet).

[0007] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this invention is to design a method for controlling and improving the fluid-structure interaction vibration of a deep-hole arc gate that can achieve multi-dimensional prototype monitoring, accurate vibration mechanism analysis, and targeted vibration reduction design based on the analysis results, thereby improving operation and maintenance efficiency to meet the needs of the current environment.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for controlling and improving fluid-structure interaction vibration of a deep-hole arc-shaped gate, comprising,

[0009] Vibration monitoring and data acquisition: Monitoring point assemblies are arranged at deep-hole arc-shaped working gates and dams to collect vibration, stress, water flow characteristics and operating status data under different working conditions, and transmit and display them in real time.

[0010] Vibration mechanism safety analysis: Based on the collected data, analyze the vibration causes and resonance possibilities, and assess the impact of vibration on the gate structure and dam connection safety.

[0011] The design optimizes vibration reduction measures. Based on the analysis of vibration causes, a numerical simulation analysis scheme is adopted to rotate the corresponding gate vibration reduction measures.

[0012] As an improvement of the present invention,

[0013] In the vibration monitoring and data acquisition process,

[0014] The monitoring point assembly includes vibration monitoring points, stress monitoring points, triaxial flow-induced vibration monitoring points, running attitude monitoring points, and hinge shaft / bearing monitoring points;

[0015] The monitoring points are deployed at the top of the dam, the hoist room, the outlet gate pier, and the main beam, support arm, lifting lug, and panel of the gate.

[0016] The number of vibration monitoring points shall not be less than 8, and the number of stress monitoring points shall not be less than 16.

[0017] As an improvement of the present invention,

[0018] In the vibration monitoring and data acquisition process,

[0019] The monitoring point assembly includes a resistance strain gauge, a triaxial acceleration sensor, a tilt switch, and an acoustic emission sensor.

[0020] Under different water levels and opening conditions, resistance strain gauges collect static and dynamic stress data of the main beam, support arm, lifting lug, and panel.

[0021] The triaxial accelerometer collects vibration acceleration and displacement data at the middle and end of the outrigger.

[0022] Inclination switches and acoustic emission sensors collect data on the operating status of hinge shafts / bearings, and frequency sweeping methods are used to test the natural frequencies of characteristic parts of the gate.

[0023] As an improvement of the present invention,

[0024] In the vibration monitoring and data acquisition process,

[0025] The frequency sweep method is used to test the natural frequency of the gate, with a frequency range of 1Hz to 100Hz and a step size of 1Hz.

[0026] The frequency sweep method applies a sinusoidal excitation signal to a characteristic part of the gate and records the first three natural frequencies.

[0027] As an improvement of the present invention,

[0028] In the vibration mechanism safety analysis process,

[0029] Based on monitoring data, the possibility of resonance caused by water seal leakage, bottom edge hydraulic jump, component loosening and hydraulic hoist vibration was analyzed by single factor analysis method.

[0030] A three-dimensional finite element software was used to establish a coupled model of the gate and the water flow to simulate the interaction between the water flow excitation frequency and the gate's natural frequency under different water levels and opening degrees, and to calculate the fluid-structure interaction vibration response.

[0031] Based on the analysis of various factors and the calculation of fluid-structure interaction vibration response, the impact of vibration on the gate structure, connection parts and dam is evaluated.

[0032] As an improvement of the present invention,

[0033] In the vibration mechanism safety analysis process,

[0034] The vibration response of the gate was calculated by combining three-dimensional finite element modeling with structural dynamic equations. The simulated working conditions covered the upstream water level variation range of 5m to 20m and the opening range of 0.5m to 7m.

[0035] The stress concentration coefficients of the gate main beam and support arm under different vibration frequencies were analyzed and calculated. The remaining life of the connection parts and the maximum displacement and stress value of the dam were evaluated by combining the fatigue life model.

[0036] As an improvement of the present invention,

[0037] In the process of designing and optimizing vibration reduction measures

[0038] Based on the adjustment of the gate's natural frequency, optimization of the bottom edge type, and improvement of the water seal, the optimal technical solution was selected and put into use.

[0039] Establish a dynamic database to structurally store vibration, stress, operating attitude, and water flow characteristic data, and support dynamic updates based on time series.

[0040] As an improvement of the present invention,

[0041] In the process of designing and optimizing vibration reduction measures

[0042] When adjusting the natural frequency of the gate with counterweight, simulate a change in counterweight mass of ±10% to ±20% and calculate the change in the natural frequency of the gate.

[0043] When optimizing the bottom edge shape, simulate a streamlined bottom edge curvature radius of 0.1m to 0.3m to evaluate the reduction ratio of hydraulic jump strength;

[0044] When improving the water seal, simulate a water seal compression of 2mm to 3mm to evaluate the reduction rate of the slit jet velocity.

[0045] As an improvement of the present invention,

[0046] In the process of designing and optimizing vibration reduction measures

[0047] The dynamic database establishes safety thresholds corresponding to vibration, stress, operating attitude, and water flow characteristic data.

[0048] Each safety threshold was determined through statistical analysis to determine the stress limit of each component at a 95% confidence level.

[0049] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By arranging monitoring points on the main beam, support arm, lifting lug, and dam of the gate, and using equipment such as resistance strain gauges, triaxial accelerometers, and high-speed cameras, comprehensive data on vibration, stress, hydraulic jump, and jet flow are collected, ensuring the authenticity and comprehensiveness of the data. Single-factor analysis and FSI modeling are employed to quantify the vibration contribution of factors such as water seal leakage and bottom edge hydraulic jump, clarifying the possibility of resonance and providing a scientific basis for vibration reduction measures. Finally, based on the vibration inducing factors, the counterweight, bottom edge type, and water seal structure are optimized, and the vibration reduction effect is verified through numerical simulation. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0051] Figure 1 This is an overall flowchart of the fluid-structure interaction vibration control and improvement method for deep-hole arc gates based on prototype observation in this invention.

[0052] Figure 2 This is a layout diagram of the monitoring points for the hydraulic gate hoist in this invention.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a layout diagram of the monitoring points for the working valve in the flood discharge center hole of this invention.

[0054] Figure 4 This is an additional layout diagram of the monitoring points of a local structure of the flood discharge orifice working valve in this invention.

[0055] Figure 5This is a layout diagram of the tilt meter and the pulsating pressure sensor in this invention.

[0056] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the layout of the monitoring points on the upper arm in this invention.

[0057] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the layout of the monitoring points on the lower support arm in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] Reference Figures 1-3 This embodiment provides a method for controlling and improving the fluid-structure interaction vibration of a deep-hole arc gate.

[0061] Since its commissioning in 2007, the Dahua Hydropower Station has operated for over 18 years. While the flood discharge system has remained generally stable, significant vibrations have occurred in the central arched working gate at openings of 6.7m to 7m, with maximum acceleration reaching 2.5g. This vibration is accompanied by noise and component shaking, threatening flood discharge safety, gate durability, and the safety of operators. Historical data shows that the vibration has caused the main beam stress to exceed the design value by 20%, potentially leading to fatigue cracks. In severe cases, the discharge flow rate may fall below 25% of the design value, affecting flood control scheduling. To investigate the vibration characteristics, a comprehensive monitoring system needs to be established to collect data on vibration, stress, water flow characteristics, and operational status, providing a reliable basis for subsequent analysis and vibration reduction.

[0062] Analysis of operational records from 2007 to 2025 confirmed that the 6.7m to 7m opening is a high-incidence area for vibration, and the vibration is preliminarily determined to be related to water flow excitation and resonance. The designed monitoring system needs to cover key parts of the dam and gates, collect multi-dimensional data such as vibration, stress, water flow, and attitude, and achieve real-time transmission.

[0063] First, monitoring points need to be set up. Two points are set up on the top of the dam, located in the middle and on both sides, 5m away from the dam axis and 0.5m high. Two points are set up on each side of the gate opening and closing chamber, 1.5m from the top and 2m from the side wall. Two points are set up on each side of the outlet gate pier, 1m from the top. A total of eight points are set up to capture vibration transmission.

[0064] Four stress monitoring points are arranged on the main beam, spaced 2m apart along the longitudinal direction and 0.3m from the weld. Six stress monitoring points are arranged on the support arm, three in the middle and three at the ends, 0.5m from the connection point. Four stress monitoring points are arranged on the lifting lugs, two on each side, 0.3m from the hinge shaft. Two stress monitoring points are arranged on the panel, in the central area, 1m from the edge, for a total of 16 stress points. Six triaxial flow-induced vibration monitoring points are arranged in the middle and ends of the support arm, three on each side, spaced 1m apart. One operating attitude monitoring point is arranged at the center of the gate. Four monitoring points, two tilt switch measuring points, and two acoustic emission measuring points are arranged on the hinge shaft and bearing.

[0065] The layout of the monitoring point assembly is based on the layout diagram of the flood discharge vibration monitoring points of the Dahua Hydropower Station, ensuring coverage of the water flow area and key stress points. A total of 29 monitoring points are set up in this plan to meet the comprehensive requirements.

[0066] Based on the actual needs of different monitoring points, appropriate equipment needs to be matched for testing. For stress monitoring points, resistance strain gauges are configured, using a quarter-bridge connection method and equipped with waterproof sealing sleeves. For triaxial flow-induced vibration monitoring points, triaxial accelerometers are configured, fixed with M6 bolts, and have a vibration resistance of 100g. For running attitude monitoring points and hinge / bearing monitoring points, dual-axis tilt sensors and acoustic emission sensors are configured respectively. When conducting water flow characteristic testing, high-speed cameras need to be installed to record the bottom edge hydraulic jump and the jet flow through the lintel gap.

[0067] In the data acquisition process, three typical water levels (5m, 15m, and 20m) were selected to represent low, medium, and high water levels. Four opening sizes (0.5m, 3m, 6.7m, and 7m) were used to cover the vibration-sensitive area. A total of 16 operating conditions were implemented. Each operating condition ran for 30 minutes, with data collected three times at 5-minute intervals, each data collection lasting 5 minutes, to ensure data stability.

[0068] A three-dimensional accelerometer records the acceleration and displacement of the outrigger in the X, Y, and Z directions, with a sampling frequency of 100Hz and a frequency range of 0.1Hz to 100Hz. A resistance strain gauge measures the static and dynamic stress of the main beam, outrigger, lugs, and panel, with a sampling frequency of 50Hz and a range of ±2000με. A high-speed camera captures the bottom edge hydraulic jump and the jet flow through the lintel gap. An inclination sensor records the gate's attitude deviation, and an acoustic emission sensor records abnormal signals from the hinge shaft.

[0069] In the natural frequency measurement, a sinusoidal excitation signal is applied using a vibration exciter, with a frequency range of 1Hz to 100Hz and a step size of 1Hz. The first three natural frequencies are tested as follows: 5.2Hz represents transverse vibration with an amplitude of 0.3mm, 12.8Hz represents longitudinal vibration with an amplitude of 0.2mm, and 25.4Hz represents torsional vibration with an amplitude of 0.1mm.

[0070] The data is transmitted to the local control unit via a wireless module, and the vibration waveform, stress distribution map, water flow video and attitude curve are displayed in real time on an industrial display screen in the central control room.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] Reference Figures 1-3 This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, but differs in that vibration may cause fatigue cracks in the main beam, shortening its lifespan by at least 30%, causing wear of the lifting lugs and localized stress concentration in the dam, threatening long-term operational safety. To clarify the vibration causes and assess the structural impact, it is necessary to quantify the contribution of each factor through single-factor analysis and fluid-structure interaction modeling, assess the safety impact on the gate and dam, and provide a scientific basis for vibration reduction measures.

[0073] In the vibration mechanism safety analysis process, based on monitoring data, a single-factor analysis method was used to analyze the possibility of resonance caused by various factors, including water seal leakage, bottom edge hydraulic jump, component loosening, and hydraulic hoist vibration. SPSS statistical software was used for multivariate regression analysis, with independent variables including hydraulic jump velocity, jet velocity, component loosening displacement, and hoist vibration frequency, and dependent variables being acceleration and displacement. The analysis assessed the possibility of resonance caused by each factor. In the regression model, acceleration = 0.65 × hydraulic jump velocity + 0.45 × jet velocity + 0.25 × loosening displacement + 0.15 × hoist frequency.

[0074] A three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) software was used to establish a coupled model of the gate and the water flow. The excitation frequency of the water flow and its interaction with the natural frequency of the gate were simulated under different water levels and opening degrees.

[0075] During the simulated working conditions, water levels of 5m, 15m, and 20m were selected as low, medium, and high water levels, respectively; openings of 0.5m, 3m, 6.7m, and 7m were selected to cover the vibration-sensitive range; and the water temperature was set at 20 degrees Celsius and the air pressure was set at 101 kPa.

[0076] Sixteen sets of operating conditions were recorded, each with a simulation time of 30 minutes, calculating vibration acceleration, displacement, and stress. At a 6.7m opening and a water level of 15m, the water flow excitation frequency was 5.0Hz, close to the natural frequency of 5.2Hz. The outrigger acceleration was 2.5g, the displacement was 0.4mm, the main beam stress was 150MPa, and the lifting lug stress was 100MPa. These data indicate that at a 6.7m opening, resonance amplifies the acceleration by a factor of two, and stress concentrates in the middle of the main beam.

[0077] After obtaining the data, the impact of vibration on the gate structure, connection points, and dam is assessed to determine the safety margin and fatigue life. The stress distribution of the main beam, outriggers, and lifting lugs under 5Hz vibration is calculated. The stress concentration factor in the middle of the main beam is 2.3, with a peak stress of 150MPa; the outrigger stress is 120MPa, and the lifting lug stress is 100MPa. Based on the SN curve, the predicted lifespan is 15 years for the main beam, 18 years for the outriggers, and 20 years for the lifting lugs. On-site, ultrasonic flaw detectors can be used to inspect the connections between the lifting lugs and outriggers to ensure there are no fractures and that fatigue risks are controllable.

[0078] A model of the arch dam-spillway structure-metal structure system was established. The dam body material was simulated as C30 concrete with a simulated elastic modulus of 32 GPa and compressive strength of 30 MPa. The spillway structure was made of reinforced concrete with a tensile strength of 2.5 MPa. Under simulated 5 Hz vibration, the maximum displacement of the dam body was 0.3 mm (allowable value 0.5 mm), and the maximum stress was 2.5 MPa (allowable value 5 MPa); the maximum stress of the central gate pier was 1.8 MPa (allowable value 3.0 MPa).

[0079] Based on the analysis and calculation of various factors, bottom edge hydraulic jump and water seal leakage are the main contributing factors, with resonance amplifying the vibration. The safety assessment indicates that the overall stability of the dam is risk-free, with a margin of 40%, but the fatigue life of the main beam needs attention. It is recommended to optimize operating conditions and implement vibration reduction measures.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] Reference Figures 1-7 This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, and differs from the previous embodiment in that:

[0082] Examples 1 and 2 confirmed that the vibration acceleration of the central-hole arc gate at a 6.7m opening was 2.5g, and the main beam stress was 150MPa. This was mainly caused by bottom edge hydraulic jump, water seal leakage, and resonance. These factors affected the gate's lifespan and flood discharge safety. To solve the vibration problem, targeted optimization and adjustments to the water seal, bottom edge, and counterweight are needed to reduce the acceleration to a safe threshold (below 2.0g).

[0083] The optimization was carried out in three aspects: adjusting the natural frequency of the gate, improving the bottom edge hydraulic jump, and improving the water seal leakage. The most suitable technical solution was selected and put into use to ensure that the optimization effect can meet the actual needs of the site.

[0084] The existing water flow excitation frequency of 5.0Hz is close to the natural frequency of 5.2Hz, triggering resonance. When adjusting the gate's natural frequency, it is necessary to adjust the counterweight in the middle of the support arm and add a counterweight block. In this solution, a counterweight block made of Q235 steel with a density of 7850 kg / m³ can be used. 3The counterweight measures 0.5m × 0.3m × 0.2m. After its use, the mass increases by about 15%, raising the first natural frequency from 5.2Hz to 6.5Hz, a difference of 23%.

[0085] When improving the bottom edge hydraulic jump, the on-site bottom edge hydraulic jump velocity was 0.8 m / s, height was 0.3 m, and impact force was 3.5 kN, causing vibration. Based on the on-site deficiencies, a streamlined bottom edge was designed with a curvature radius of 0.1–0.2 m and the surface was polished to a roughness of Ra1.6, thereby reducing eddies and impact force.

[0086] When addressing water seal leakage, the existing lintel water seal had a gap of 0.5mm and a jet velocity of 1.2m / s, causing localized vibration. A high-elasticity natural rubber water seal was then selected, which can adjust the compression to 2-3mm. Furthermore, during installation, it is tilted 3-6° relative to the vertical direction, simultaneously enhancing the sealing performance. On-site technicians used specialized clamps to install the new water seal, adjusted the compression, and checked and ensured that the contact rate of the sealing surface was >95%.

[0087] Based on the data measured in Examples 1-3, a dynamic database is compiled and established to structurally store vibration, stress, operating attitude and water flow characteristics data, supporting 1 year of data storage (approximately 100GB), with a backup cycle of 1 week and an update frequency of once every 3 minutes.

[0088] Safety thresholds were determined using MATLAB statistical analysis at a 95% confidence level. The parameters included: main beam stress 150 MPa, outrigger acceleration 2.0 g, attitude deviation 0.5, hydraulic jump velocity 0.5 m / s, and jet velocity 0.5 m / s. Any abnormal data will be automatically flagged by the database.

[0089] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling and improving fluid-structure interaction vibration of a deep-hole arc-shaped gate, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Vibration monitoring and data acquisition: Monitoring point assemblies are arranged at deep-hole arc-shaped working gates and dams to collect vibration, stress, water flow characteristics and operating status data under different working conditions, and transmit and display them in real time. Vibration mechanism safety analysis: Based on the collected data, analyze the vibration causes and resonance possibilities, and assess the impact of vibration on the gate structure and dam connection safety. The design optimizes vibration reduction measures. Based on the analysis of vibration causes, a numerical simulation analysis scheme is adopted to adjust the corresponding gate vibration reduction measures.

2. The method for controlling and improving fluid-structure interaction vibration of a deep-hole arc-shaped gate based on prototype observation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the vibration monitoring and data acquisition process, The monitoring point assembly includes vibration monitoring points, stress monitoring points, triaxial flow-induced vibration monitoring points, running attitude monitoring points, and hinge shaft / bearing monitoring points; The monitoring points are deployed at the top of the dam, the hoist room, the outlet gate pier, and the main beam, support arm, lifting lug, and panel of the gate. The number of vibration monitoring points shall not be less than 8, and the number of stress monitoring points shall not be less than 16.

3. The method for controlling and improving fluid-structure interaction vibration of a deep-hole arc-shaped gate based on prototype observation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the vibration monitoring and data acquisition process, The monitoring point assembly includes a resistance strain gauge, a triaxial acceleration sensor, a tilt switch, and an acoustic emission sensor. Under different water levels and opening conditions, resistance strain gauges collect static and dynamic stress data of the main beam, support arm, lifting lug, and panel. The triaxial accelerometer collects vibration acceleration and displacement data at the middle and end of the outrigger. Inclination switches and acoustic emission sensors collect data on the operating status of hinge shafts / bearings, and frequency sweeping methods are used to test the natural frequencies of characteristic parts of the gate.

4. The method for controlling and improving fluid-structure interaction vibration of a deep-hole arc-shaped gate based on prototype observation as described in claim 3, characterized in that: In the vibration monitoring and data acquisition process, The frequency sweep method is used to test the natural frequency of the gate, with a frequency range of 1Hz to 100Hz and a step size of 1Hz. The frequency sweep method applies a sinusoidal excitation signal to a characteristic part of the gate and records the first three natural frequencies.

5. The method for controlling and improving fluid-structure interaction vibration of a deep-hole arc-shaped gate based on prototype observation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In the vibration mechanism safety analysis process, Based on monitoring data, the possibility of resonance caused by water seal leakage, bottom edge hydraulic jump, component loosening and hydraulic hoist vibration was analyzed by single factor analysis method. A coupled model of the gate and water flow was established to simulate the interaction between the water flow excitation frequency and the gate's natural frequency under different water levels and opening degrees, and the fluid-structure interaction vibration response was calculated. Based on the analysis of various factors and the calculation of fluid-structure interaction vibration response, the impact of vibration on the gate structure, connection parts and dam is evaluated.

6. The method for controlling and improving fluid-structure interaction vibration of a deep-hole arc-shaped gate based on prototype observation as described in claim 5, characterized in that: In the vibration mechanism safety analysis process, The vibration response of the gate was calculated by combining three-dimensional finite element modeling with structural dynamic equations. The simulated working conditions covered the upstream water level variation range of 5m to 20m and the opening range of 0.5m to 7m. The stress concentration coefficients of the gate main beam and support arm under different vibration frequencies were analyzed and calculated. The remaining life of the connection parts and the maximum displacement and stress value of the dam were evaluated by combining the fatigue life model.

7. The method for controlling and improving fluid-structure interaction vibration of a deep-hole arc-shaped gate based on prototype observation as described in claim 6, characterized in that: In the process of designing and optimizing vibration reduction measures Based on the adjustment of the gate's natural frequency, optimization of the bottom edge type, and improvement of the water seal, the optimal technical solution was selected and put into use. Establish a dynamic database to structurally store vibration, stress, operating attitude, and water flow characteristic data, and support dynamic updates based on time series.

8. The method for controlling and improving fluid-structure interaction vibration of a deep-hole arc-shaped gate based on prototype observation as described in claim 7, characterized in that: In the process of designing and optimizing vibration reduction measures When adjusting the natural frequency of the gate with counterweight, simulate a change in counterweight mass of ±10% to ±20% and calculate the change in the natural frequency of the gate. When optimizing the bottom edge shape, simulate a streamlined bottom edge curvature radius of 0.1m to 0.3m to evaluate the reduction ratio of hydraulic jump strength; When improving the water seal, simulate a water seal compression of 2mm to 3mm to evaluate the reduction rate of the slit jet velocity.

9. The method for controlling and improving fluid-structure interaction vibration of a deep-hole arc-shaped gate based on prototype observation as described in claim 8, characterized in that: In the process of designing and optimizing vibration reduction measures The dynamic database establishes safety thresholds corresponding to vibration, stress, operating attitude, and water flow characteristic data. Each safety threshold was determined through statistical analysis to determine the stress limit of each component at a 95% confidence level.

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