Drying oven and drying method for water-based PU leather processing

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drying ovens for processing, and discloses a drying oven for water-based PU leather processing and a drying method.The drying oven comprises a preheating cavity and a primary drying cavity formed in one side of the preheating cavity, a main cavity is fixedly assembled on the side, away from the preheating cavity, of the primary drying cavity, and a final drying cavity is fixedly assembled on the side, away from the primary drying cavity, of the main cavity; a sliding rail mechanism is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall, perpendicular to the primary drying cavity, of the preheating cavity, a winding roller is slidably assembled on the side, away from the preheating cavity, of the sliding rail mechanism, and a medium-wave infrared lamp tube is fixedly mounted at the top end, facing the winding roller, of the interior of the preheating cavity. A first lamp tube set is fixedly installed on the inner side wall, perpendicular to the medium-wave infrared lamp tube, of the primary drying cavity. According to the invention, a sectional structure of the preheating cavity, the primary drying cavity, the main cavity and the final drying cavity is adopted, and differential heating assemblies of all the cavities are matched, so that a gradient drying process is realized, and the defects caused by rapid drying of a single cavity are thoroughly avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drying oven technology, specifically to a drying oven and drying method for processing water-based PU leather. Background Technology

[0002] Drying is a core and crucial step in the processing of water-based PU leather. Its purpose is to rapidly and evenly evaporate the moisture in the water-based PU coating, while simultaneously promoting the cross-linking and curing of the PU resin, ultimately forming a leather surface with excellent mechanical properties, abrasion resistance, and appearance quality. The drying effect of water-based PU leather directly determines the product's pass rate, physical and mechanical properties, and production efficiency. Therefore, drying equipment and corresponding drying processes are vital to the development of the water-based PU leather industry.

[0003] However, compared to traditional solvent-based PU leather, water-based PU leather uses water as its dispersion medium. Water molecules have a higher latent heat of vaporization and a slower evaporation rate. Furthermore, water-based PU coatings are prone to defects during the drying process due to uneven moisture evaporation, such as surface skinning, internal blistering, wrinkling, and poor adhesion between the coating and the base fabric. This places higher demands on the temperature control precision, heat transfer efficiency, and humidity regulation capabilities of the drying equipment. Currently, existing ovens and drying methods for water-based PU leather processing still have many technical bottlenecks. During the drying process of water-based PU leather, there is a difference in the shrinkage rate between the base fabric and the coating. If the conveying system of the oven is not stable enough, or if the temperature fluctuates too much during the drying process, it can easily lead to problems such as uneven stretching of the leather surface, edge curling, and overall deformation, which seriously affect the dimensional stability and appearance quality of the product. Therefore, we propose an oven and drying method for water-based PU leather processing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an oven and drying method for processing water-based PU leather, solving the problems of insufficient versatility and the potential for product defects.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an oven and drying method for processing water-based PU leather, comprising a preheating chamber and a primary drying chamber disposed on one side of the preheating chamber; a main drying chamber is fixedly assembled on the side of the primary drying chamber away from the preheating chamber; a final drying chamber is fixedly assembled on the side of the main drying chamber away from the primary drying chamber; a slide rail mechanism is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the preheating chamber perpendicular to the inner wall of the primary drying chamber; the slide rail mechanism extends through the inner walls of the primary drying chamber and the main drying chamber on the side facing the final drying chamber and is fixedly connected to the final drying chamber; the slide rail mechanism is fixedly installed on the side facing the primary drying chamber away from the preheating chamber. A take-up roller is slidably mounted on one side of the heating chamber. A mid-wave infrared lamp is fixedly installed at the inner top of the preheating chamber facing the take-up roller. A lamp group one is fixedly installed perpendicular to the inner wall of the mid-wave infrared lamp in the initial drying chamber. A medium-temperature gas pipe is fixedly installed at the outer bottom of the initial drying chamber away from the lamp group one. A lamp group two is fixedly installed perpendicular to the inner top of the main drying chamber. A high-temperature gas pipe is fixedly installed at the outer bottom of the main drying chamber away from the lamp group two. Two sets of lamp groups three are fixedly installed on the upper and lower inner side walls of the final drying chamber away from the lamp group two.

[0006] Preferably, the slide rail mechanism has a sliding member on the side facing the take-up roller, and the sliding member is slidably connected to the slide rail mechanism. A magnetic buffer is slidably fitted on the side of the sliding member facing the take-up roller. A rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the side of the magnetic buffer facing the take-up roller, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the take-up roller on the side facing the take-up roller. A take-up motor adapted to the rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating shaft away from the take-up roller.

[0007] Preferably, a tension roller is provided on one side of the slide rail mechanism perpendicular to the take-up roller, and a sliding member two is fixedly installed on the side of the tension roller facing the slide rail mechanism, and the sliding member two is slidably connected to the slide rail mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the side of the medium-temperature air pipe facing the primary drying chamber is integrally formed with an upper air outlet plate and a lower air outlet plate, and the upper air outlet plate and the lower air outlet plate are respectively located at the upper and lower parallel positions of the medium-temperature air pipe. The side of the upper air outlet plate and the lower air outlet plate facing the primary drying chamber both extend and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the primary drying chamber.

[0009] Preferably, a medium-temperature hot air fan box is fixedly installed at the bottom outer side of the primary drying chamber away from the first lamp tube group, and the side of the medium-temperature air pipe facing the medium-temperature hot air fan box is fixedly connected to the medium-temperature hot air fan box. A high-temperature hot air fan box is fixedly installed at the bottom outer side of the main drying chamber away from the second lamp tube group, and the side of the high-temperature air pipe facing the high-temperature hot air fan box is fixedly connected to the high-temperature hot air fan box.

[0010] Preferably, a heat exchange tube is provided on the outer wall of the main cavity away from the slide rail mechanism. An air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the heat exchange tube perpendicular to the main cavity. A heat exchange air filter box is fixedly connected to the side of the air inlet pipe facing the main cavity. The heat exchange air filter box is fixedly connected to a medium-temperature hot air box and a high-temperature hot air box respectively through pipe fittings.

[0011] Preferably, a recovery pipe one is fixedly connected to the side of the heat exchange tube facing the initial drying chamber, and the recovery pipe one extends into the initial drying chamber and is fixedly connected to the initial drying chamber; a recovery pipe two is fixedly connected to the side of the heat exchange tube facing the main drying chamber, and the recovery pipe two extends into the main drying chamber and is fixedly connected to the main drying chamber; a recovery pipe three is fixedly connected to the side of the heat exchange tube facing the final drying chamber, and the recovery pipe three extends into the final drying chamber and is fixedly connected to the final drying chamber.

[0012] Preferably, a grooved component is fixedly connected to the side of the preheating chamber away from the initial drying chamber, and a plate is movably inserted into the grooved component away from the inner wall of the preheating chamber. A grooved component is fixedly connected to the side of the final drying chamber away from the main drying chamber, and a plate is movably inserted into the grooved component away from the inner wall of the final drying chamber.

[0013] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention significantly improves the quality and stability of water-based PU leather drying through a synergistic design of multi-chamber segmented drying and precise conveying adaptation, resulting in multiple core beneficial effects. Firstly, the segmented structure of preheating chamber, initial drying chamber, main drying chamber, and final drying chamber, combined with differentiated heating components in each chamber, achieves a gradient drying process, completely avoiding the drawbacks of rapid drying in a single chamber. The preheating chamber gently removes free water from the base fabric using mid-wave infrared lamps, laying a stable foundation for subsequent drying. The initial drying chamber relies on the combined heating of lamp group one and medium-temperature air pipes to achieve uniform evaporation of moisture from the coating surface. The main drying chamber uses lamp group two and high-temperature air pipes to deeply dry the internal moisture of the coating and promote resin cross-linking. The final drying chamber uses symmetrical lamp group three for low-temperature final curing. The precise matching of temperature and heating method at each stage to the drying characteristics of water-based PU leather effectively avoids damage such as leather surface embrittlement, cracking, and blistering, significantly improving the product qualification rate.

[0014] Secondly, the precise conveying and winding system ensures the smoothness of the drying process. The initial end of the water-based PU leather is wound onto the winding roller, and the sliding winding and conveying is achieved through a sliding rail mechanism. This can adapt to the expansion and contraction of the material caused by temperature changes in real time, dynamically adjust the winding tension and position, and avoid problems such as wrinkles and uneven stretching of the material. This ensures that the leather surface is smooth throughout the drying process, and improves the dimensional stability and appearance consistency of the product.

[0015] Thirdly, the overall process design combines continuity and convenience. The dried water-based PU leather is directly discharged through the second insert plate, completing the closed-loop processing without additional transfer steps, thus improving production efficiency. The insert and remove design of the first and second insert plates reduces heat loss from the chamber and facilitates material handling and equipment maintenance, taking into account both energy saving and ease of operation, providing strong support for the large-scale, high-quality production of water-based PU leather. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an oven and drying method for processing water-based PU leather according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the preheating chamber, slide rail mechanism, winding roller and tension roller of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention, including the main cavity, medium-temperature gas pipe, heat exchange pipe, medium-wave infrared lamp, and high-temperature gas pipe. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the slide rail mechanism, winding roller, and tension roller of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the preheating chamber, initial drying chamber, main drying chamber and final drying chamber of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the medium-temperature gas pipe, heat exchange pipe and high-temperature gas pipe in this invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Preheating chamber; 101. Groove part one; 102. Insert plate one; 2. Initial drying chamber; 3. Main drying chamber; 4. Final drying chamber; 401. Groove part two; 402. Insert plate two; 5. Medium-temperature air pipe; 501. Medium-temperature hot air unit box; 502. Upper air outlet plate; 503. Lower air outlet plate; 6. Heat exchange pipe; 601. Heat exchange filter box; 602. Air inlet pipe; 603. Recovery pipe one; 604. Recovery pipe 2; 605, Recycling pipe 3; 7, Slide rail mechanism; 701, Sliding component 1; 702, Magnetic buffer component; 703, Sliding component 2; 8, Rewind roller; 801, Rotating roller component; 802, Rewind motor; 9, Tension roller; 10, Medium-wave infrared lamp; 1001, Lamp group 1; 1002, Lamp group 2; 1003, Lamp group 3; 11, High-temperature air pipe; 1101, High-temperature hot air box. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] refer to Figures 1-6 The oven and drying method for processing water-based PU leather shown include a preheating chamber 1 and a pre-drying chamber 2 located on one side of the preheating chamber 1. Specific embodiments are shown below: Example

[0020] The primary drying chamber 2 is bolted to the side opposite to the preheating chamber 1 and is fitted with the main drying chamber 3. A sealing gasket is added at the connection between the main drying chamber 3 and the primary drying chamber 2 to ensure the chamber is airtight and reduce heat loss. The main drying chamber 3 is fitted with the final drying chamber 4 in the same sealing and fixing manner on the side opposite to the primary drying chamber 2. The preheating chamber 1, primary drying chamber 2, main drying chamber 3 and final drying chamber 4 are connected in series along the water-based PU leather conveying direction to form a continuous drying channel.

[0021] To meet the drying requirements of each chamber, each chamber is equipped with a corresponding heating component: In the preheating chamber 1, a mid-wave infrared lamp 10 is fixedly installed at the top of the interior facing the winding roller 8 via a bracket, for preheating the base fabric; In the initial drying chamber 2, a lamp assembly 1001 is fixedly installed perpendicular to the inner wall of the mid-wave infrared lamp 10 via a clip, while a medium-temperature air pipe 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom outer side of the initial drying chamber 2 away from the lamp assembly 1001 via a flange, forming a synergistic structure of radiant heating and hot air heating; In the main drying chamber 3, a lamp assembly 2 1002 is installed perpendicular to the top of the interior facing the lamp assembly 1001, while a high-temperature air pipe 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom outer side of the main drying chamber 3 away from the lamp assembly 2 1002, to meet the deep drying requirements; In the final drying chamber 4, two sets of lamp assemblies 3 1003 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower inner side walls away from the lamp assembly 2 1002, respectively, to achieve bidirectional and uniform final drying of the leather material.

[0022] In addition, to facilitate material feeding, equipment maintenance, and chamber insulation, a grooved part 101 is integrally formed on the side of the preheating chamber 1 opposite to the primary drying chamber 2. An insert plate 102 is movably inserted into the grooved part 101 opposite to the inner wall of the preheating chamber 1. A grooved part 401 is fixedly connected to the side of the final drying chamber 4 opposite to the main drying chamber 3. An insert plate 402 is movably inserted into the grooved part 401 opposite to the inner wall of the final drying chamber 4. The opening and closing of the drying channel inlet and outlet is controlled by inserting and pulling the insert plate. Example

[0023] The side of the medium-temperature air pipe 5 facing the primary drying chamber 2 is integrally formed with an upper air outlet plate 502 and a lower air outlet plate 503. The upper air outlet plate 502 and the lower air outlet plate 503 are distributed in parallel vertically, and both extend into the interior of the primary drying chamber 2 on the side facing the primary drying chamber 2 and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the primary drying chamber 2 by welding, forming a hot air field that fully covers the upper and lower surfaces of the water-based PU leather.

[0024] To ensure the stability and temperature controllability of the hot air supply, a medium-temperature hot air chamber 501 is fixedly installed on the outer bottom of the primary drying chamber 2 away from the lamp assembly 1001 via a bracket. The side of the medium-temperature air pipe 5 facing the medium-temperature hot air chamber 501 is fixedly connected to the air outlet of the medium-temperature hot air chamber 501 via a pipe joint, and the medium-temperature hot air chamber 501 provides hot air with stable pressure to the medium-temperature air pipe 5. Correspondingly, a high-temperature hot air chamber 1101 is fixedly installed on the outer bottom of the main drying chamber 3 away from the lamp assembly 2 1002. The side of the high-temperature air pipe 11 facing the high-temperature hot air chamber 1101 is fixedly connected to the high-temperature hot air chamber 1101, so as to realize independent control of the hot air temperature in the primary drying and main drying stages and adapt to the temperature requirements of different drying stages. Example

[0025] A slide rail mechanism 7 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the preheating chamber 1 perpendicular to the inner wall of the primary drying chamber 2 by bolts. The slide rail mechanism 7 passes through the inner walls of the primary drying chamber 2 and the main drying chamber 3 in sequence on the side facing the final drying chamber 4, and extends into the final drying chamber 4 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the final drying chamber 4, so that the slide rail mechanism 7 is continuously arranged along the entire drying channel, providing continuous guiding support for the conveying components.

[0026] A winding roller 8 is slidably mounted on the side of the slide rail mechanism 7 away from the preheating chamber 1. The winding roller 8 is used to drive the water-based PU leather to move along the drying channel. In order to adapt to the expansion and contraction of the material caused by temperature changes during the drying process and to ensure the stability of the conveying, a sliding member 701 is provided on the side of the slide rail mechanism 7 facing the winding roller 8. The sliding member 701 is slidably connected to the slide rail mechanism 7, and a magnetic buffer 702 is slidably mounted on the side of the sliding member 701 facing the winding roller 8. Through the elastic buffering effect of the magnetic buffer 702, the sudden tension change during the conveying process is relieved and the material damage is avoided. Example

[0027] A rotating shaft 801 is fixedly installed on the side of the magnetic buffer 702 facing the winding roller 8 via a bearing. The side of the rotating shaft 801 facing the winding roller 8 is fixedly connected to the winding roller 8 and rotates in cooperation with it. A winding motor 802 adapted to the rotating shaft 801 is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating shaft 801 away from the winding roller 8. The rotating shaft 801 is driven to rotate by the winding motor 802, which in turn drives the winding roller 8 to run, thereby achieving precise control of the water-based PU leather conveying speed.

[0028] To compensate for the tension changes of water-based PU leather during the drying process in real time, a tension roller 9 is provided on one side of the slide rail mechanism 7 perpendicular to the winding roller 8. A sliding component 703 is fixedly installed on the side of the tension roller 9 facing the slide rail mechanism 7. The sliding component 703 is slidably connected to the slide rail mechanism 7. By sliding the tension roller 9 along the slide rail mechanism 7, the tension of the leather material is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the leather material remains flat throughout the drying process and to avoid wrinkles or uneven stretching. Example

[0029] A heat exchange tube 6 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the main cavity 3 away from the slide rail mechanism 7 by a bracket. An air inlet pipe 602 is fixedly connected to the side of the heat exchange tube 6 perpendicular to the main cavity 3. A heat exchange air filter box 601 is fixedly connected to the side of the air inlet pipe 602 facing the main cavity 3. The heat exchange air filter box 601 is fixedly connected to the medium temperature hot air box 501 and the high temperature hot air box 1101 respectively through pipe fittings to form a heat energy circulation loop.

[0030] To achieve complete collection of exhaust gas and heat recovery from each chamber, a recovery pipe 603 is fixedly connected to the side of the heat exchange tube 6 facing the primary drying chamber 2. The recovery pipe 603 extends into the primary drying chamber 2 and is fixedly connected to it. A recovery pipe 604 is fixedly connected to the side of the heat exchange tube 6 facing the main drying chamber 3. The recovery pipe 604 extends into the main drying chamber 3 and is fixedly connected to it. A recovery pipe 605 is fixedly connected to the side of the heat exchange tube 6 facing the final drying chamber 4. The recovery pipe 605 extends into the final drying chamber 4 and is fixedly connected to it. The waste gas generated during the drying process in each chamber enters the heat exchange tube 6 through the recovery pipe 1 603, recovery pipe 2 604, and recovery pipe 3 605. The heat energy in the waste gas is recovered through the heat exchange tube 6. After being filtered and purified by the heat exchange filter box 601, the preheated air is sent to the medium-temperature hot air box 501 and the high-temperature hot air box 1101 for recycling, which reduces energy consumption and achieves the purification treatment of waste gas.

[0031] Working principle of this invention: After the equipment is started, the preheating chamber 1, the initial drying chamber 2, the main drying chamber 3, and the final drying chamber 4 sequentially enter their preset working states. The medium-temperature hot air chamber 501, the high-temperature hot air chamber 1101, and each infrared lamp work together to create a differentiated heating environment. The water-based PU leather blank to be dried is inserted through the insert plate 102 and driven by the winding motor 802 to drive the rotating shaft component 801 to drive the winding roller 8, which is conveyed at a uniform speed along the slide rail mechanism 7 that runs through the entire chamber. The magnetic buffer component 702 and the tension roller 9 adjust the conveying tension in real time to compensate for the expansion and contraction deformation of the material caused by temperature changes, ensuring that the leather surface is flat throughout the process.

[0032] In the drying process, the mid-wave infrared lamps 10 in the preheating chamber 1 gently remove the free water from the base fabric; the hot air field formed by the lamp group 1001 in the initial drying chamber 2 and the upper and lower air outlet plates 502 and 503 of the medium-temperature air pipe 5 works together to evenly evaporate the moisture on the coating surface; the lamp group 1002 in the main drying chamber 3 and the high-temperature hot air delivered by the high-temperature air pipe 11 combine to heat the coating, achieving deep evaporation of moisture inside the coating and initial cross-linking of the resin; the lamp group 1003 in the final drying chamber 4, which is symmetrically arranged on the top and bottom, completes the complete curing of the resin through bidirectional radiation heating.

[0033] The waste gas generated during the drying process is collected into the heat exchange tube 6 through the recovery pipe 1 (603), recovery pipe 2 (604), and recovery pipe 3 (605) of each chamber. The heat exchange filter box 601 recovers the heat energy of the waste gas and purifies it before sending the preheated air to the medium-temperature hot air box 501 and the high-temperature hot air box 1101 for recycling, effectively reducing energy consumption. The opening and closing design of the first and second insertion plates 102 and 402 not only reduces the heat loss of the chambers, but also facilitates the material handling and equipment maintenance, realizing efficient closed-loop operation of the entire process.

[0034] All electrical components mentioned in this article are connected to an external main controller and 220V AC mains power, and the main controller can be a conventional known device such as a computer that can control it.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oven for processing water-based PU leather, comprising a preheating chamber (1) and a pre-drying chamber (2) disposed on one side of the preheating chamber (1), characterized in that: The primary drying chamber (2) is fixedly fitted with a main drying chamber (3) on the side away from the preheating chamber (1). The main drying chamber (3) is fixedly fitted with a final drying chamber (4) on the side away from the primary drying chamber (2). A slide rail mechanism (7) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the preheating chamber (1) perpendicular to the primary drying chamber (2). The slide rail mechanism (7) extends through the inner walls of the primary drying chamber (2) and the main drying chamber (3) on the side facing the final drying chamber (4) and is fixedly connected to the final drying chamber (4). A take-up roller (8) is slidably fitted on the side of the slide rail mechanism (7) away from the preheating chamber (1). A middle roller is fixedly installed at the top of the interior of the preheating chamber (1) facing the take-up roller (8). The medium-wave infrared lamp tube (10) is used. The initial drying chamber (2) is fixedly installed with lamp tube group one (1001) perpendicular to the inner wall of the medium-wave infrared lamp tube (10). The bottom outer side of the initial drying chamber (2) away from the lamp tube group one (1001) is fixedly equipped with a medium-temperature gas pipe (5). The top inner side of the main drying chamber (3) is fixedly installed with lamp tube group two (1002) perpendicular to the inner top of the lamp tube group one (1001). The bottom outer side of the main drying chamber (3) away from the lamp tube group two (1002) is fixedly equipped with a high-temperature gas pipe (11). The top and bottom inner side walls of the final drying chamber (4) away from the lamp tube group two (1002) are respectively fixedly equipped with two sets of lamp tube group three (1003).

2. The drying oven for processing water-based PU leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide rail mechanism (7) has a sliding member (701) on the side facing the take-up roller (8), and the sliding member (701) is slidably connected to the slide rail mechanism (7). The sliding member (701) is slidably fitted with a magnetic buffer (702) on the side facing the take-up roller (8).

3. The drying oven for processing water-based PU leather according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic buffer (702) is fixedly mounted with a rotating shaft (801) on the side facing the take-up roller (8), and the rotating shaft (801) is rotatably connected to the take-up roller (8) on the side facing the take-up roller (8). A take-up motor (802) adapted to the rotating shaft (801) is fixedly mounted on the side of the rotating shaft (801) away from the take-up roller (8).

4. The drying oven for processing water-based PU leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide rail mechanism (7) has a tension roller (9) on one side perpendicular to the winding roller (8). The tension roller (9) has a sliding member (703) fixedly installed on the side facing the slide rail mechanism (7), and the sliding member (703) is slidably connected to the slide rail mechanism (7).

5. The drying oven for processing water-based PU leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium-temperature air pipe (5) has an upper air outlet plate (502) and a lower air outlet plate (503) integrally formed on the side facing the primary drying chamber (2). The upper air outlet plate (502) and the lower air outlet plate (503) are respectively located at the upper and lower parallel positions of the medium-temperature air pipe (5). The upper air outlet plate (502) and the lower air outlet plate (503) both extend and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the primary drying chamber (2) on the side facing the primary drying chamber (2).

6. The drying oven for processing water-based PU leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initial drying chamber (2) is fixedly installed with a medium-temperature hot air fan box (501) at the bottom outer side away from the lamp tube group one (1001). The side of the medium-temperature air pipe (5) facing the medium-temperature hot air fan box (501) is fixedly connected to the medium-temperature hot air fan box (501). The main drying chamber (3) is fixedly installed with a high-temperature hot air fan box (1101) at the bottom outer side away from the lamp tube group two (1002). The side of the high-temperature air pipe (11) facing the high-temperature hot air fan box (1101) is fixedly connected to the high-temperature hot air fan box (1101).

7. The drying oven for processing water-based PU leather according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main cavity (3) is provided with a heat exchange tube (6) on the outer wall away from the slide rail mechanism (7). The heat exchange tube (6) is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe (602) on the side perpendicular to the main cavity (3). The air inlet pipe (602) is fixedly connected to a heat exchange filter box (601) on the side facing the main cavity (3). The heat exchange filter box (601) is fixedly connected to a medium-temperature hot air box (501) and a high-temperature hot air box (1101) through pipe fittings.

8. The drying oven for processing water-based PU leather according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube (6) is fixedly connected to a recovery tube one (603) on the side facing the initial drying chamber (2), and the recovery tube one (603) extends into the initial drying chamber (2) and is fixedly connected to the initial drying chamber (2). The heat exchange tube (6) is fixedly connected to a recovery tube two (604) on the side facing the main drying chamber (3), and the recovery tube two (604) extends into the main drying chamber (3) and is fixedly connected to the main drying chamber (3). The heat exchange tube (6) is fixedly connected to a recovery tube three (605) on the side facing the final drying chamber (4), and the recovery tube three (605) extends into the final drying chamber (4) and is fixedly connected to the final drying chamber (4).

9. An oven for processing water-based PU leather according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preheating chamber (1) is fixedly connected to a grooved part (101) on the side away from the initial drying chamber (2). The grooved part (101) is movably inserted with a plate (102) on the inner side wall away from the preheating chamber (1). The final drying chamber (4) is fixedly connected to a grooved part (401) on the side away from the main drying chamber (3). The grooved part (401) is movably inserted with a plate (402) on the inner side wall away from the final drying chamber (4).

10. A drying method for processing water-based PU leather, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Equipment pre-start and parameter setting: Start the medium temperature hot air chamber (501), high temperature hot air chamber (1101) and heat exchange filter chamber (601), and at the same time turn on the medium wave infrared lamp (10), lamp group one (1001), lamp group two (1002) and lamp group three (1003), and set the parameters of each chamber; set the conveying speed of the winding roller (8) and adjust it according to the thickness of the water-based PU leather. S2. Material threading and preheating: The water-based PU leather blank to be dried is threaded through the inlet formed by the insert plate one (102) and the preheating chamber (1) and enters the preheating chamber (1). After passing around the tension roller (9), it is attached and fixed to the surface of the winding roller (8). Then it passes through the initial drying chamber (2), the main drying chamber (3) and extends to the bottom of the insert plate two (402) of the final drying chamber (4). The water-based PU leather moves at a constant speed along the slide rail mechanism (7) under the drive of the winding roller (8). It is radiated and heated in the preheating chamber (1) by the medium-wave infrared lamp tube (10) for 10-15 minutes to remove the free water in the base fabric. S3. Gradient drying and heat recovery: The preheated water-based PU leather enters the initial drying chamber (2). Through the radiant heating of lamp group one (1001) and the medium-temperature hot air transported by medium-temperature air pipe (5), the moisture on the coating surface is initially evaporated. The drying time is 8-12 minutes. During this period, the water vapor waste gas in the initial drying chamber (2) is collected through recovery pipe one (603) and sent to heat exchange pipe (6) to recover heat energy. Then the water-based PU leather enters the main drying chamber (3). Through the high-temperature radiation of lamp group two (1002) and the high-temperature hot air transported by high-temperature air pipe (11), the moisture inside the coating is deeply evaporated and the resin is initially cross-linked. The drying time is 10-15 minutes. The waste gas enters the heat exchange pipe (6) through recovery pipe two (604). The heat energy recovered by the heat exchange pipe (6) is filtered and purified by heat exchange filter box (601) and then transported to medium-temperature hot air box (501) and high-temperature hot air box (1101) for recycling. S4. Curing and Unloading: The water-based PU leather dried by the main drying chamber enters the final drying chamber (4). It is heated by bidirectional radiation through two sets of lamp tubes (1003) at 120-140℃ to complete the cross-linking and curing of the resin. The drying time is 5-8 minutes to ensure that the final moisture content of the water-based PU leather is reduced to below 1%. The waste gas generated during the final drying process enters the heat exchange tube (6) through the recovery pipe (605) for treatment. The dried water-based PU leather is discharged through the outlet on one side of the final drying chamber (4) to complete the entire drying process.

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