Agricultural non-point source pollution treatment system

Abstract

The invention discloses an agricultural non-point source pollution treatment system, and relates to the technical field of agricultural environmental protection and water treatment, and the agricultural non-point source pollution treatment system comprises an ecological ditch unit, an ecological pond unit, a connecting pipeline and a control unit; the ecological ditch unit is used for carrying out primary pretreatment on sewage through a plant enhanced corridor and an ecological filter dam to remove suspended solids and part of pollutants; the ecological reservoir pond unit realizes deep purification through a multi-stage process of flocculent precipitation, enhanced denitrification, ecological treatment and a stable area; the control unit intelligently regulates and controls water flow based on water quality monitoring data, water reaching the standard is directly reused in farmland or lakes, and water not reaching the standard enters a pond to be further treated. According to the invention, stepped deep removal of pollutants, cyclic utilization of water resources and self-adaptive operation of the system are realized, and the treatment efficiency and stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural environmental protection and water treatment technology, and in particular to an agricultural non-point source pollution control system. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural non-point source pollution, especially eutrophication caused by agricultural runoff (rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients) and other sources without fixed discharge outlets, has become a serious challenge in the field of environmental protection. This type of pollution is particularly prominent in sensitive areas such as plateau lake basins. Traditional water pollution control solutions mostly target point source pollution, and are often ineffective against non-point source pollution, which is characterized by its dispersed, intermittent, and random nature.

[0003] Currently, existing agricultural non-point source pollution control technologies have the following main shortcomings: (1) Existing technologies are mostly single measures, such as traditional ditch drainage or isolated end-of-pipe sewage treatment facilities. These measures lack effective coordination and connection, resulting in low treatment efficiency and difficulty in achieving full-process control and deep removal of pollutants.

[0004] (2) Single ecological engineering or treatment units (such as simple phytoremediation) have limited capacity to remove pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus, especially for dissolved pollutants (such as nitrate nitrogen). Their purification effect is easily affected by seasonal, water temperature, and water volume fluctuations (such as the alternation of rainy and dry seasons), and cannot guarantee stable and efficient pollution load reduction under different hydrological conditions. For example, in the rainy season, high-intensity runoff carries a large amount of pollutants into the river in a short period of time, and the existing system is easily impacted and has insufficient treatment capacity; while in the dry season, the system may be unable to maintain normal purification function due to water shortage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an agricultural non-point source pollution control system to solve the problems existing in the prior art and improve the control effect of agricultural non-point source pollution.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides an agricultural non-point source pollution control system, including an ecological ditch unit, an ecological reservoir unit, connecting pipes, and a control unit; The ecological ditch unit is used to receive agricultural non-point source wastewater. The ecological ditch unit includes a ditch body, in which a plant-enhanced corridor and an ecological filter dam are provided. The plant-enhanced corridor includes a filler layer laid at the bottom of the ditch body and emergent and submerged plants planted on the filler layer. The ecological filter dam is set along the water-passing cross section of the ditch body. The ecological reservoir unit includes a flocculation sedimentation zone, an enhanced denitrification zone, an ecological treatment zone, and a stabilization zone connected in sequence. The flocculation sedimentation zone is connected to the outlet of the ecological ditch unit through the connecting pipe. The control unit includes a first valve disposed at the outlet end of the ecological ditch unit and a second valve disposed at the outlet end of the stabilization zone. The first valve includes a first valve body, a first controller, and a first water quality monitoring device connected to the first controller. The first controller can open the first valve body when the detection value of the first water quality monitoring device meets a first preset range, so that the outlet end of the ecological ditch unit is connected to the flocculation sedimentation zone. The first controller can also open the first valve body when the detection value of the first water quality monitoring device meets a second preset range, so that the outlet end of the ecological ditch unit is connected to the first clear water channel. The second valve includes a second valve body, a second controller, and a second water quality monitoring device connected to the second controller. The second controller can open the second valve body when the detection value of the second water quality monitoring device meets a third preset range, so that the outlet end of the stabilization zone is connected to the second clear water channel. The first and second clear water channels lead to lakes or farmland, respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the emergent plants include at least one of pickerelweed, canna lily, wild rice, or calamus.

[0008] Preferably, the submerged plant includes at least one of Vallisneria natans, Hydrilla verticillata, or Iris tectorum.

[0009] Preferably, the height of the ecological filter dam is 30-50 cm and the thickness is 40-60 cm.

[0010] Preferably, the ecological treatment area is equipped with ecological floating beds and solar aerators; The ecological floating bed includes floating plants and a microbial film attached to the roots of the floating plants.

[0011] Preferably, each water passage of the ecological filter dam is equipped with a manual control gate.

[0012] Preferably, the online monitoring parameters of the water quality monitoring device include at least three of the following: chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and turbidity.

[0013] Preferably, both the first and second clear water channels lead to farmland, and each of the first and second clear water channels is equipped with a water pump.

[0014] Preferably, the agricultural non-point source wastewater includes at least one of farmland runoff and rainwater runoff.

[0015] Preferably, the total length of the ecological ditch unit is 800-1200 meters, the bottom width is 1.4-4.0 meters, and the depth is 0.8-1.3 meters; the effective volume of the ecological reservoir unit is 30,000-50,000 cubic meters.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: This invention's agricultural non-point source pollution control system achieves efficient and stable treatment of agricultural non-point source wastewater (such as farmland runoff and rainwater runoff) through multi-level synergistic purification of ecological ditch units and ecological reservoir units, combined with an intelligent control unit. The ecological ditch units utilize plant-enhanced corridors (a combination of emergent and submerged plants) and ecological filter dams for primary enhanced pretreatment of wastewater, efficiently removing suspended solids, particulate pollutants, and some phosphorus. The ecological reservoir units achieve deep purification of dissolved pollutants (such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen) through multi-process coupling of flocculation sedimentation, enhanced denitrification, ecological treatment, and a stabilization zone. The synergistic effect of the microbial film and plant roots enhances nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency, especially through the nitrification-denitrification process, which fundamentally removes total nitrogen.

[0017] The control unit, through the linkage of water quality monitoring devices and intelligent valves, monitors water quality parameters (such as chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus) in real time and automatically diverts wastewater according to preset ranges—water that meets the standards flows directly into the clean water channel for reuse in farmland or lakes, while water that does not meet the standards flows into reservoirs for further treatment. This dynamic control mechanism enables the system to adapt to high-load impacts during the rainy season and low-water conditions during the dry season, ensuring operational stability. The purified water can be re-irrigated into farmland through the clean water channel, realizing the resource utilization of nutrients (such as nitrogen and phosphorus) and reducing agricultural production's dependence on chemical fertilizers. At the same time, the plant-microbe complex ecosystem constructed by the system enhances biodiversity and also has a landscaping effect, meeting the ecological needs of rural revitalization. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the agricultural non-point source pollution control system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ecological ditch unit structure in the agricultural non-point source pollution control system of the present invention. In the picture: 1. Canal body; 2. Plant-enhanced corridor; 3. Ecological filter dam. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The purpose of this invention is to provide an agricultural non-point source pollution control system to solve the problems existing in the prior art and improve the control effect of agricultural non-point source pollution.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an agricultural non-point source pollution control system, including an ecological ditch unit, an ecological reservoir unit, connecting pipes, and a control unit; The ecological ditch unit is used to receive agricultural non-point source wastewater. The ecological ditch unit includes a ditch body 1, in which a plant-enhanced corridor 2 and an ecological filter dam 3 are set. The plant-enhanced corridor 2 includes a filler layer laid at the bottom of the ditch body 1 and emergent and submerged plants planted on the filler layer. The ecological filter dam 3 is set along the water-passing cross section of the ditch body 1. The plant-enhanced corridor 2 (combination of emergent and submerged plants) and the ecological filter dam 3 perform primary enhanced pretreatment of wastewater, effectively removing suspended solids, particulate pollutants and some phosphorus. The ecological reservoir unit comprises a flocculation and sedimentation zone, an enhanced denitrification zone, an ecological treatment zone, and a stabilization zone, connected sequentially. The flocculation and sedimentation zone is connected to the effluent outlet of the ecological ditch unit via a connecting pipe. Through the coupling of multiple processes—flocculation and sedimentation, enhanced denitrification, ecological treatment, and stabilization—the ecological reservoir unit achieves deep purification of dissolved pollutants (such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen). The synergistic effect of the microbial film and plant roots enhances nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency, especially through the nitrification-denitrification process, which fundamentally removes total nitrogen.

[0024] The control unit includes a first valve located at the outlet of the ecological ditch unit and a second valve located at the outlet of the stable zone. The first valve includes a first valve body, a first controller, and a first water quality monitoring device connected to the first controller. The first controller can open the first valve body to connect the outlet of the ecological ditch unit with the flocculation and sedimentation zone when the detection value of the first water quality monitoring device meets a first preset range. The first controller can also open the first valve body to connect the outlet of the ecological ditch unit with the first clear water channel when the detection value of the first water quality monitoring device meets a second preset range. The second valve includes a second valve body, a second controller, and a second water quality monitoring device connected to the second controller. The second controller can open the second valve body to connect the outlet of the stable zone with the second clear water channel when the detection value of the second water quality monitoring device meets a third preset range. The first clear water channel and the second clear water channel lead to a lake or farmland, respectively. The control unit, through the linkage of water quality monitoring devices and intelligent valves, monitors water quality parameters (such as chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus) in real time and automatically diverts wastewater according to preset ranges—water that meets the standards directly enters the clean water channel for reuse in farmland or lakes, while water that does not meet the standards enters reservoirs for further treatment. This dynamic control mechanism enables the system to adapt to high-load impacts during the rainy season and low-water conditions during the dry season, ensuring operational stability. The purified water can be re-irrigated into farmland through the clean water channel, realizing the resource utilization of nutrients (such as nitrogen and phosphorus) and reducing agricultural production's dependence on chemical fertilizers.

[0025] In the optional embodiments of this example, the emergent plants preferably include at least one of pickerelweed, canna lily, wild rice, or calamus.

[0026] In the optional embodiments of this example, the submerged plants are preferably at least one of Vallisneria natans, Hydrilla verticillata, or Iris tectorum.

[0027] In this embodiment, there are multiple plant-enhanced corridors 2 and ecological filter dams 3, and the plant-enhanced corridors 2 and ecological filter dams 3 are staggered along the length of the channel body 1.

[0028] In the optional schemes of this embodiment, the ecological filter dam 3 is preferably 30-50 cm high and 40-60 cm thick.

[0029] In the optional schemes of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the ecological treatment area is equipped with ecological floating beds and solar aerators; Ecological floating beds consist of floating plants and microbial films attached to the roots of the floating plants.

[0030] In the optional embodiments of this example, a preferred option is that each water passage of the ecological filter dam 3 is equipped with a manual control gate. The manual control gate is a movable structure used to close and open the water passage of the hydraulic engineering project. The gate's function is to fully or partially close and open the water passage as needed to regulate upstream and downstream water levels and release flow.

[0031] In the optional schemes of this embodiment, it is more preferred that the online monitoring parameters of the water quality monitoring device include at least three of the following: chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and turbidity.

[0032] In the optional schemes of this embodiment, it is more preferred that both the first and second clean water channels lead to farmland, and water pumps are respectively installed in the first and second clean water channels.

[0033] In the optional embodiments of this example, the preferred option is that agricultural non-point source wastewater includes at least one of farmland runoff and rainwater runoff.

[0034] In the optional schemes of this embodiment, the ecological ditch unit has a total length of 800-1200 meters, a bottom width of 1.4-4.0 meters, and a ditch depth of 0.8-1.3 meters; the ecological reservoir unit has an effective volume of 30,000-50,000 cubic meters.

[0035] The agricultural non-point source pollution control system in this embodiment achieves tiered purification and resource utilization of agricultural non-point source wastewater (such as farmland runoff and rainwater runoff) through multi-unit collaboration and intelligent control. The specific working principle is as follows: First, agricultural non-point source wastewater enters channel 1 of the ecological ditch unit through natural confluence or water diversion facilities. As a primary pretreatment stage, the ecological ditch unit has a plant-enhanced corridor 2 and an ecological filter dam 3 within channel 1. When the wastewater flows through the plant-enhanced corridor 2, the bottom packing layer (such as gravel) intercepts suspended solids and particulate pollutants through physical filtration and adsorption. At the same time, the emergent plants (such as pickerelweed and canna) and submerged plants (such as Vallisneria natans and Hydrilla verticillata) planted therein initially remove nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus through root absorption and microbial attachment. The ecological filter dam 3 is set along the cross-section of channel 1 to further slow down the flow rate, promote sedimentation, and enhance the pollutant interception effect by manually regulating the water flow through a control valve. Subsequently, when the wastewater reaches the outlet of the ecological ditch unit, the first valve of the control unit is activated; the first water quality monitoring device monitors parameters such as chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in real time: if the water quality meets the first preset range (i.e., meets the standard), the first controller opens the first valve body, allowing the wastewater to be directly reused in farmland or discharged into the lake through the first clear water channel; if the water quality meets the second preset range (does not meet the standard), the first valve guides the wastewater through the connecting pipe into the ecological reservoir unit for deep treatment; In the ecological reservoir unit, wastewater flows sequentially through a flocculation sedimentation zone, an enhanced denitrification zone, an ecological treatment zone, and a stabilization zone. In the flocculation sedimentation zone, chemicals are added to promote the flocculation and sedimentation of suspended solids. In the enhanced denitrification zone, nitrification-denitrification reactions are carried out using microbial membranes and plant roots to efficiently convert dissolved nitrogen pollutants. The ecological treatment zone is equipped with ecological floating beds and solar aerators. The floating plants and their root systems adhere to the microbial membranes on the ecological floating beds, further degrading organic matter. The solar aerators increase dissolved oxygen and enhance the activity of aerobic microorganisms. The stabilization zone uses hydraulic retention to stabilize the water quality. Finally, the treated water enters the outlet of the stable zone, where the second water quality monitoring device of the second valve performs testing: if the water quality meets the third preset range (compliant), the second controller opens the second valve body, allowing the purified water to be re-irrigated into farmland or discharged into natural water bodies through the second clear water channel; if it does not meet the standard, the system can regulate the circulation treatment or extend the residence time through the valve; throughout the process, the first and second valves dynamically divert water based on real-time water quality data to ensure stable operation of the system under high load conditions in the rainy season or low water volume conditions in the dry season, while the solar aerator and ecological floating bed enhance the removal capacity of dissolved pollutants.

[0036] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. An agricultural non-point source pollution control system, characterized in that: Includes ecological ditch units, ecological reservoir units, connecting pipes and control units; The ecological ditch unit is used to receive agricultural non-point source wastewater. The ecological ditch unit includes a ditch body, in which a plant-enhanced corridor and an ecological filter dam are provided. The plant-enhanced corridor includes a filler layer laid at the bottom of the ditch body and emergent and submerged plants planted on the filler layer. The ecological filter dam is set along the water-passing cross section of the ditch body. The ecological reservoir unit includes a flocculation sedimentation zone, an enhanced denitrification zone, an ecological treatment zone, and a stabilization zone connected in sequence. The flocculation sedimentation zone is connected to the outlet of the ecological ditch unit through the connecting pipe. The control unit includes a first valve disposed at the outlet end of the ecological ditch unit and a second valve disposed at the outlet end of the stabilization zone. The first valve includes a first valve body, a first controller, and a first water quality monitoring device connected to the first controller. The first controller can open the first valve body when the detection value of the first water quality monitoring device meets a first preset range, so that the outlet end of the ecological ditch unit is connected to the flocculation sedimentation zone. The first controller can also open the first valve body when the detection value of the first water quality monitoring device meets a second preset range, so that the outlet end of the ecological ditch unit is connected to the first clear water channel. The second valve includes a second valve body, a second controller, and a second water quality monitoring device connected to the second controller. The second controller can open the second valve body when the detection value of the second water quality monitoring device meets a third preset range, so that the outlet end of the stabilization zone is connected to the second clear water channel. The first and second clear water channels lead to lakes or farmland, respectively.

2. The agricultural non-point source pollution control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emergent plants include at least one of pickerelweed, canna lily, wild rice, or calamus.

3. The agricultural non-point source pollution control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The submerged plants include at least one of Vallisneria natans, Hydrilla verticillata, or Iris tectorum.

4. The agricultural non-point source pollution control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological filter dam has a height of 30-50 cm and a thickness of 40-60 cm.

5. The agricultural non-point source pollution control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological treatment area is equipped with ecological floating beds and solar aerators. The ecological floating bed includes floating plants and a microbial film attached to the roots of the floating plants.

6. The agricultural non-point source pollution control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each water passage of the ecological filter dam is equipped with a manual control gate.

7. The agricultural non-point source pollution control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water quality monitoring device monitors at least three of the following parameters online: chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and turbidity.

8. The agricultural non-point source pollution control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first and second clear water channels lead to farmland, and each of the first and second clear water channels is equipped with a water pump.

9. The agricultural non-point source pollution control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The agricultural non-point source wastewater includes at least one of farmland runoff and rainwater runoff.

10. The agricultural non-point source pollution control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological ditch unit has a total length of 800-1200 meters, a bottom width of 1.4-4.0 meters, and a depth of 0.8-1.3 meters; the ecological reservoir unit has an effective volume of 30,000-50,000 cubic meters.

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