A visual respiratory secretion negative pressure suction device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of medical device technology and discloses a visual respiratory secretion negative pressure suction device, comprising: a collection bottle made of transparent material with a visible cavity, the top of which is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet for establishing a negative pressure passage and observing the secretion collection status in real time; and a switchable connector detachably connected to the air inlet, constituting an integrated dynamic tube diameter control unit, including a central seat and a rotary switching plate arranged coaxially. The central seat is provided with multiple sets of first through-holes along the axial direction, and the flow cross-section of each set of first through-holes decreases in a stepped manner. This device significantly improves the precise matching capability of secretion drainage. By using the selection of the suction tube diameter as a pre-forced step and forming a physical cascade match with the multiple sets of first through-holes in the switchable connector that decrease in a stepped manner, secretions of different viscosities can be drawn out under optimal flow resistance conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a visual respiratory secretion negative pressure suction device. Background Technology

[0002] In clinical airway management practice, negative pressure suction devices have long faced a fundamental contradiction between "static fit" and "dynamic needs." Traditional integrated negative pressure suction devices generally adopt a fixed structural design: their suction head or air inlet is a single, non-adjustable diameter rigid channel, usually only compatible with Φ8.0 mm or Φ10.0 mm standard suction tubes, and the entire system is integrated as a closed unit, with the collection bottle and main unit inseparable, and it does not support external expansion containers. Although this design is simple in structure and low in cost, it exposes significant limitations when dealing with the high heterogeneity of patients' airway secretions. For example, when suctioning thin, watery sputum, the large-diameter channel easily leads to negative pressure dispersion, excessively fast flow rate, and induces foam overflow, interfering with the field of vision and increasing the risk of aspiration; while when dealing with highly viscous purulent sputum or fibrinous sputum plugs, the same diameter is difficult to effectively break up and transport due to insufficient flow resistance and lack of shear force, which can easily cause local blockage or even complete occlusion within the suction lumen.

[0003] More importantly, these devices lack an immediate response mechanism to blockage events. Once a blockage occurs, the operator must interrupt suction, manually flush, or replace the entire tubing, which takes an average of more than 25 seconds, far exceeding the brain's safe threshold for tolerance to hypoxia (irreversible damage occurs after 4 minutes). Meanwhile, the volume of traditional devices relies entirely on the built-in collection bottle, commonly 1L or 1.2L, and cannot be dynamically expanded according to drainage intensity. When encountering large amounts of hemorrhagic secretions or postoperative exudate peaks, the fluid level rises rapidly to the warning line. If suction is forcibly continued, it is highly likely to trigger the anti-overflow valve to close accidentally or allow fluid to backflow into the negative pressure source, causing equipment contamination and malfunction. Furthermore, the connecting tubing itself constitutes a hidden bottleneck: ordinary PVC suction tubing is prone to wall collapse (i.e., "suction flattening") under continuous negative pressure of -100 mmHg, especially in bends or slender models, resulting in a sharp reduction in actual free airflow and a precipitous drop in clearance efficiency. Existing solutions often rely on increasing the power of the vacuum pump to compensate for this, but this further exacerbates tissue adsorption damage and visual field interference. Constant high-intensity negative pressure, while aspirating liquid, inevitably pulls on adjacent mucosa and small blood vessels, increasing the risk of airway bleeding and spasm. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need for a technological approach that breaks through the "single-diameter—fixed volume—rigid connection" paradigm. This approach should be able to reconstruct the physical pathway and expand the cavity volume within seconds, based on real-time observation of the secretion characteristics, without interrupting negative pressure. This would truly match the dynamic changes in human airway secretions across all dimensions, from clear to cheesy, from intermittent to continuous, and from trace amounts to large quantities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a visual negative pressure suction device for respiratory secretions to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a visual respiratory secretion negative pressure suction device, comprising:

[0006] The collection bottle is made of transparent material and has a visible cavity. It has an air inlet and an air outlet at the top to establish a negative pressure passage and observe the secretion collection status in real time.

[0007] The switchable connector is detachably connected to the air inlet and constitutes an integrated dynamic pipe diameter control unit. It includes a central seat and a rotary switching plate arranged coaxially. The central seat has multiple sets of first through ports along the axial direction. The flow cross section of each set of first through ports decreases in a stepped manner, and each set is provided with a double-layer sealing ring. The double-layer sealing ring is composed of an inner silicone ring and an outer fluororubber ring concentrically.

[0008] The rotary switching plate rotates around the central seat axis and has a second through-hole. The outline size of the second through-hole is larger than that of the first through-hole with the largest diameter. By rotating the rotary switching plate, the second through-hole can be selectively coaxially connected with any set of first through-holes, thereby dynamically matching the drainage needs of secretions with different viscosity while maintaining the continuity of negative pressure in the system.

[0009] A suction tube passes through the switchable connector and extends to the bottom of the collection bottle cavity, with a control valve at its end for starting and stopping a single suction operation.

[0010] A negative pressure pipe, connected to the air outlet, is used to connect to an external negative pressure source;

[0011] An expansion interface bottle is detachably mounted on the side wall of the collection bottle, and together with the collection bottle, they form an expandable sealed negative pressure cavity.

[0012] The collection bottle and the expansion interface bottle are connected by a docking mechanism to achieve mechanical insertion guidance, automatic axis alignment, pre-pressure triggering, and synchronous opening of the two-stage gate, thereby completing the cavity expansion without interrupting the negative pressure of the main cavity.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, a dynamic sealing component is provided between the central seat of the switchable connector and the rotary switching plate, and the dynamic sealing component is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the first through holes.

[0014] The dynamic sealing assembly includes:

[0015] The lifting ring is movably installed in the lifting groove corresponding to the outer periphery of the first through-hole;

[0016] The first elastic element is connected between the bottom of the lifting groove and the lifting ring;

[0017] A telescopic ring is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting ring and extends upward through the top of the central seat;

[0018] The lower surface of the rotary switching plate is provided with a telescopic docking groove, and the upper end of the telescopic ring is movably embedded in the telescopic docking groove;

[0019] A sealing ring is fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic ring. When the rotary switching plate is pressed, the sealing ring forms an axial seal with the inner wall of the rotary switching plate, and rises and falls synchronously with the lifting ring to adapt to the sealing requirements of different gears.

[0020] According to the above technical solution, the dynamic sealing assembly also includes a one-key retraction component, which is used to simultaneously release the compression sealing state of all dynamic sealing assemblies;

[0021] The one-click shrinkage component includes:

[0022] The central pressing key is axially movable through the central pressing groove at the center of the central seat;

[0023] A reset ring is fixedly connected to the side of the central press button and movably embedded in the reset groove of the side wall of the central press groove. Its side wall is provided with multiple arc-shaped limiting blocks.

[0024] The second elastic element is arranged circumferentially in the reset groove, with one end connected to the reset groove and the other end connected to the reset ring;

[0025] The connecting line has one end connected to the side of the lifting ring and the other end connected to the side of the central pressing button, and is arranged in the gap between adjacent arc-shaped limiting blocks;

[0026] When the central button is pressed, all the lifting rings are pulled down synchronously through the connecting line, causing each of the sealing rings to disengage from the sealing position.

[0027] According to the above technical solution, the docking and communication mechanism includes:

[0028] A hollow connector is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the collection bottle;

[0029] A switchable gate is located inside the hollow connector.

[0030] The recessed mating area is located at the bottom of one side of the expansion interface bottle, corresponding to the position of the hollow mating joint.

[0031] A lifting gate is movably installed within the recessed docking area;

[0032] A contactless control gate is located on the outer wall of the expansion interface bottle;

[0033] When the hollow connector is inserted into the concave mating area and reaches the set depth, the lifting gate is mechanically pushed up, and its bottom abutment is simultaneously inserted into the abutment groove of the switchable gate, driving the switchable gate to open. At the same time, the lifting gate is linked to the contactless control gate through the support rod to realize the mechanical magnetic coupling coordinated action of two-stage on / off.

[0034] According to the above technical solution, the switchable gate includes:

[0035] A fixed sealing plate is fixedly installed inside the hollow connector, and its sidewalls are evenly distributed with multiple first flow ports.

[0036] The movable sealing plate is movably installed in the movable groove in the middle of the fixed sealing plate. Multiple second flow ports are evenly distributed on its side wall, and the position of each second flow port corresponds to the first flow port.

[0037] The upper end of the movable groove is symmetrically provided with abutment grooves;

[0038] The third elastic element is evenly distributed at the bottom of the movable groove, with one end connected to the movable groove and the other end connected to the movable sealing plate;

[0039] When the abutment is inserted into the abutment groove, it pushes the movable sealing plate upward, so that the second flow port coincides with the first flow port and conducts communication.

[0040] According to the above technical solution, the lifting gate includes:

[0041] A lifting sealing plate is movably installed within the cavity of the recessed docking area;

[0042] The sliding contact plate is arranged parallel to the lifting sealing plate and moves up and down synchronously in the same direction;

[0043] A C-shaped connecting plate is arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner between the lifting sealing plate and the sliding contact plate, with its two ends fixedly connected to the two respectively.

[0044] The repositioning telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the top of the concave docking area;

[0045] The fourth elastic element is located inside the reset telescopic rod and provides a reset elastic force;

[0046] The bottom of the sliding contact plate is symmetrically fixed with abutment joints for engaging with the abutment groove of the switchable gate.

[0047] According to the above technical solution, the contactless control gate includes:

[0048] The lifting chamber is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the expansion interface bottle;

[0049] The lifting control gate is movably installed inside the lifting chamber;

[0050] The support rod has one end fixedly connected to the C-shaped connecting plate, and the other end extends to the inner wall of the expansion interface bottle and is fixedly connected to a corresponding plate.

[0051] The first magnetic component is located inside the lifting control gate;

[0052] The second magnetic component is disposed in the corresponding plate and forms a magnetic attraction with the first magnetic component.

[0053] When it is necessary to separate the expansion interface bottle and the collection bottle, the lifting control gate is controlled to rise, thereby triggering magnetic linkage. The corresponding plate drives the C-shaped connecting plate to move together, and the lifting control gate rises, causing the lifting control gate to generate displacement feedback.

[0054] According to the above technical solution, both the collection bottle and the expansion interface bottle adopt a symmetrical rotating body configuration, and the two have matching profile generatrices in the docking area;

[0055] The docking area of ​​the side wall of the expansion interface bottle is provided with an integrally formed boss, and the outer peripheral surface of the boss is provided with a guide slope.

[0056] The docking area of ​​the side wall of the collection bottle is provided with a recessed portion that complements the shape of the protrusion, and the inner wall of the recessed portion is provided with an inlet inclined surface that cooperates with the guide inclined surface.

[0057] When the protrusion is inserted into the recess, the guide slope and the inlet slope fit together, generating radial constraint and axial guiding force, so that the two are automatically aligned, and the insertion force is converted into a pre-compression force on the docking and connecting mechanism.

[0058] According to the above technical solution, an anti-detachment locking structure is provided between the air inlet of the collection bottle and the switchable connector to ensure the connection stability and airtightness during the dynamic switching process.

[0059] The anti-loosening locking structure includes:

[0060] An annular outer edge butt section is provided at the upper end of the air inlet, and its outer surface is provided with anti-slip texture and its inner surface is provided with an elastic extrusion layer;

[0061] An annular docking groove is provided at the lower end of the central seat and is movably inserted into the annular outer edge docking section;

[0062] When the central seat is screwed into place, the elastic extrusion layer undergoes radial compression deformation, forming an interference fit with the inner wall of the annular mating groove, generating a continuous axial locking force and radial sealing force.

[0063] According to the above technical solution, a positioning feedback structure is provided between the rotary switching plate and the central seat to provide tactile confirmation of gear switching;

[0064] The positioning feedback structure includes:

[0065] A ring-shaped magnetic component is located at the bottom edge of the rotary switching plate;

[0066] Multiple magnetic sensing elements are distributed circumferentially on the top of the central base, and their distribution positions correspond one-to-one with the angular positions of each of the first through-holes;

[0067] When the rotary switch plate is rotated to any position and the second through-hole is precisely aligned with the target first through-hole, the annular magnetic component and the corresponding magnetic sensing component generate a magnetic attraction, forming a perceptible positioning damping and a slight adsorption sensation.

[0068] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0069] (1) This device significantly improves the accuracy of secretion drainage. By using the selection of the suction tube diameter as a pre-forced step and physically cascading it with multiple sets of first through-holes in a stepped decrease within the switchable connector, secretions of different viscosities can be drawn out under optimal flow resistance conditions: low-viscosity secretions use a large-diameter suction tube matched with the largest diameter first through-hole to ensure rapid clearance with high flow rate; high-viscosity secretions use a small-diameter suction tube matched with the smallest diameter first through-hole to avoid blockage caused by negative pressure dispersion and insufficient flow rate due to excessively large lumen. This dual-dimensional collaborative design of "tube diameter-level" fundamentally solves the technical dilemma of traditional single-diameter suction systems in dealing with dynamic changes in sputum properties.

[0070] (2) This device achieves real-time, safe, and closed-loop adjustment for short-duration suction operations of ≤15 seconds per session. All gear switching and suction tube replacement strictly follow the irreversible process of "closing the control valve, interrupting suction, replacing the tube and aligning the gear, confirming the seal, and restarting suction," eliminating the risk of airway negative pressure fluctuations caused by simultaneous suction and adjustment. The positioning feedback structure provides a perceptible tactile anchor point for each gear alignment through the magnetic attraction of the annular magnetic component and the magnetic induction component, ensuring that blind operation can be performed even when wearing gloves. The synchronous lifting and lowering of the lifting ring, telescopic ring, and sealing ring in the dynamic sealing assembly ensures that the seal of the new gear is immediately rebuilt after each replacement, maintaining the airtightness of the system throughout the process. This design compresses clinical judgment (sputum observation), mechanical operation (tube replacement), and status confirmation (magnetic feedback) into a single operation interval, perfectly matching the physiological tolerance window of airway management for critically ill patients.

[0071] (3) This device completely eliminates the risk of negative pressure interruption caused by expansion operation. Both the expansion interface bottle and the collection bottle adopt a standard symmetrical rotating body configuration. The boss and the recessed part are integrated with guide slope and inlet slope respectively. During the insertion process, the axis is automatically aligned and the insertion force is converted into pre-pressure force. This pre-pressure directly triggers the mechanical rise of the lifting gate in the docking and connecting mechanism. Then, through the rigid coupling of the abutment and the abutment groove, the movable sealing plate of the switchable gate is driven to overcome the elastic force of the third elastic element and move upward, so as to achieve precise overlap and conduction of the first flow port and the second flow port. The whole process has no electrical intervention, no software delay, and no manual opening and closing links. The pure mechanical linkage response time is less than 0.8 seconds. The measured value of negative pressure fluctuation in the main cavity is stably controlled within ±0.8 mmHg, truly achieving the clinical necessity of "simultaneous suction and expansion, zero interruption, and zero leakage".

[0072] (4) This device significantly improves daily maintenance efficiency and infection control levels. The one-button retraction mechanism simultaneously pulls all lifting rings down via a central press, causing all sealing rings to disengage from their sealing positions within 0.35 seconds, achieving instantaneous unsealing of the entire channel. Operators can disassemble the interchangeable connectors by hand without needing to loosen them point by point or use special tools. Suction tubes, collection bottles, and expansion interface bottles are all independent standard parts, which can be sterilized at high temperature and pressure or replaced once. The elastic compression layer in the anti-detachment locking structure has excellent compression rebound durability, maintaining an axial locking force of ≥10 N after 500 repeated assembly tests, ensuring that connection reliability does not decrease during long-term use. This design significantly shortens cleaning turnaround time, reduces the risk of cross-contamination, and meets the high-frequency, high-turnover, and high-infection-control operation requirements of the ICU.

[0073] (5) This device achieves universal compatibility across platforms, specifications, and batches. The switchable connector serves as the sole core hub, and its annular docking groove can reliably assemble with any collection bottle inlet conforming to ISO 8536-4 standards. Its axial through-channel is compatible with various sizes of medical suction tubes, including Φ4.0 mm, Φ6.0 mm, Φ8.0 mm, and Φ10.0 mm. Its multi-stage stepped flow cross-section design with multiple first through-ports covers the entire spectrum of drainage needs, from watery sputum to caseous sputum. The expansion interface bottle and collection bottle use identical bottle configurations and interface specifications, allowing for interchangeable use without dedicated coding or pairing calibration. This versatility significantly reduces procurement management costs, inventory complexity, and operational training burden for medical institutions, demonstrating engineering and economic feasibility for widespread adoption in hospitals at all levels. Attached Figure Description

[0074] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0075] Figure 1 This is a first perspective view of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 2 This is a second perspective view of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 3 This is a first partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 4 This is a second partial perspective view of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 5 This is a third partial perspective view of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 6 This is a fourth partial perspective view of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 7 This is a fifth partial perspective view of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 8 This is a sixth partial perspective view of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 9 This is a third-dimensional schematic diagram of the seventh part of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 10 This is the eighth partial perspective view of the present invention;

[0085] Figure 11 This is a third-dimensional schematic diagram of the ninth part of the present invention;

[0086] Figure 12 This is the present invention. Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0087] Figure 13 This is the present invention. Figure 8 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle;

[0088] Figure 14 This is the present invention. Figure 9 A magnified view of a portion of point C in the middle;

[0089] Figure 15 This is the present invention. Figure 10 A magnified view of a portion of point D in the middle;

[0090] In the diagram: 101-Collection bottle, 1011-Air inlet, 1012-Air outlet, 1013-Recessed portion, 1014-Inlet slope, 102-Changeable connector, 103-Extension interface bottle, 1031-Protrusion, 1032-Guide slope, 104-Suction tube, 105-Negative pressure tube, 201-Central seat, 2011-Lifting groove, 2012-Central pressing groove, 2013-Reset groove, 202-Turning switching plate, 2021-Telescopic docking groove, 203 204-First through-hole, 300-Second through-hole, 301-Dynamic sealing assembly, 302-Lifting ring, 303-Telescopic ring, 303-Double sealing ring, 3031-Inner silicone ring, 3032-Outer fluororubber ring, 304-First elastic element, 305-Sealing ring, 306-One-button retraction element, 3061-Central pressing button, 3062-Reset ring, 3063-Arc-shaped limiting block, 3064-Second elastic element, 3065-Connecting wire, 400-Dating and connecting mechanism 401-Hollow butt joint, 402-Openable gate, 4021-Abutting groove, 4022-Fixed sealing plate, 4023-First flow port, 4024-Modible sealing plate, 4025-Modible groove, 4026-Second flow port, 4027-Third elastic element, 403-Concave mating area, 404-Lifting gate, 4041-Abutting joint, 4042-Support rod, 4043-Lifting sealing plate, 4044-Sliding contact plate, 4045-C-type connecting plate, 40 46-Reset telescopic rod, 4047-Fourth elastic element, 405-Contactless control gate, 4051-Lifting chamber, 4052-Lifting control gate, 4053-Corresponding plate, 4054-First magnetic element, 4055-Second magnetic element, 500-Anti-detachment locking structure, 501-Annular outer edge docking section, 5011-Anti-slip texture, 5012-Elastic extrusion layer, 502-Annular docking groove, 600-Positioning feedback structure, 601-Annular magnetic element, 602-Magnetic induction element. Detailed Implementation

[0091] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0092] Please see Figure 1-15 The present invention provides a technical solution: a visual respiratory secretion negative pressure suction device, comprising:

[0093] The collection bottle 101 is made of transparent material and has a visible cavity. Its top is provided with an air inlet 1011 and an air outlet 1012, which are used to establish a negative pressure passage and observe the secretion collection status in real time.

[0094] The switchable connector 102 is detachably connected to the air inlet 1011, forming an integrated dynamic pipe diameter control unit. It includes a central seat 201 and a rotary switching plate 202 arranged coaxially. The central seat 201 is provided with multiple sets of first through ports 203 along the axial direction. The flow cross section of each set of first through ports 203 decreases in a stepped manner, and each set is provided with a double-layer sealing ring 303. The double-layer sealing ring 303 is formed by an inner silicone ring 3031 and an outer fluororubber ring 3032 concentrically.

[0095] The rotary switching plate 202 rotates around the axis of the central seat 201 and is provided with a second through port 204. The outline size of the second through port 204 is larger than that of the first through port 203 with the largest diameter. By rotating the rotary switching plate 202, the second through port 204 can be selectively coaxially connected with any set of first through ports 203, thereby dynamically matching the drainage needs of secretions with different viscosity while maintaining the continuity of negative pressure in the system.

[0096] A suction tube 104 passes through the switchable connector 102 and extends to the bottom of the cavity of the collection bottle 101. A control valve is provided at its end for starting and closing a single suction operation.

[0097] The negative pressure pipe 105 is connected to the air outlet 1012 and is used to connect to an external negative pressure source;

[0098] An expansion interface bottle 103 is detachably mounted on the side wall of the collection bottle 101, and together with the collection bottle 101, forms an expandable sealed negative pressure cavity.

[0099] The collection bottle 101 and the expansion interface bottle 103 are connected by a docking and communication mechanism 400 to achieve mechanical insertion guidance, automatic axis alignment, pre-pressure triggering and synchronous opening of the double-stage gate, thereby completing the cavity expansion without interrupting the negative pressure of the main cavity.

[0100] Specifically, a dynamic sealing component 300 is provided between the central seat 201 of the switchable connector 102 and the rotary switching plate 202, and the dynamic sealing component 300 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the first through holes 203.

[0101] The dynamic sealing assembly 300 includes:

[0102] The lifting ring 301 is movably installed in the lifting groove 2011 corresponding to the outer periphery of the first through-hole 203;

[0103] The first elastic element 304 is connected between the bottom of the lifting groove 2011 and the lifting ring 301;

[0104] The telescopic ring 302 is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting ring 301 and extends upward through the top of the central seat 201;

[0105] The lower surface of the rotary switching plate 202 is provided with a telescopic docking groove 2021, and the upper end of the telescopic ring 302 is movably embedded in the telescopic docking groove 2021;

[0106] The sealing ring 305 is fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic ring 302. When the rotary switching plate 202 is pressed, the sealing ring 305 forms an axial seal with the inner wall of the rotary switching plate 202, and rises and falls synchronously with the lifting ring 301 to adapt to the sealing requirements of different gears.

[0107] Specifically, the dynamic sealing assembly 300 also includes a one-click retraction component 306, which is used to simultaneously release the compression sealing state of all dynamic sealing assemblies 300.

[0108] The one-click shrinkage component 306 includes:

[0109] The central pressing key 3061 is axially movable through the central pressing groove 2012 at the center of the central seat 201;

[0110] The reset ring 3062 is fixedly connected to the side of the central pressing key 3061 and is movably embedded in the reset groove 2013 on the side wall of the central pressing groove 2012. Its side wall is provided with multiple arc-shaped limiting blocks 3063.

[0111] The second elastic element 3064 is arranged circumferentially in the reset groove 2013, with one end connected to the reset groove 2013 and the other end connected to the reset ring 3062.

[0112] The connecting line 3065 has one end connected to the side of the lifting ring 301 and the other end connected to the side of the central pressing key 3061, and is arranged in the gap between adjacent arc-shaped limiting blocks 3063.

[0113] When the central pressing button 3061 is pressed, all the lifting rings 301 are pulled down synchronously through the connecting line 3065, causing each of the sealing rings 305 to disengage from the sealing position.

[0114] Specifically, the docking and communication mechanism 400 includes:

[0115] A hollow connector 401 is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the collection bottle 101;

[0116] A switchable gate 402 is disposed inside the hollow connector 401;

[0117] The concave mating area 403 is located at the bottom of one side of the expansion interface bottle 103, corresponding to the position of the hollow mating connector 401.

[0118] The lifting gate 404 is movably installed within the recessed docking area 403;

[0119] A contactless control gate 405 is located on the outer wall of the expansion interface bottle 103;

[0120] When the hollow connector 401 is inserted into the concave mating area 403 and reaches a set depth, the lifting gate 404 is mechanically pushed up, and its bottom abutment 4041 is simultaneously inserted into the abutment groove 4021 of the switchable gate 402, driving the switchable gate 402 to open. At the same time, the lifting gate 404 is linked to the contactless control gate 405 through the support rod 4042 to realize the mechanical magnetic coupling coordinated action of two-stage on / off.

[0121] Specifically, the switchable gate 402 includes:

[0122] A fixed sealing plate 4022 is fixedly installed inside the hollow connector 401, and its sidewalls are evenly distributed with a plurality of first flow ports 4023;

[0123] The movable sealing plate 4024 is movably installed in the movable groove 4025 in the middle of the fixed sealing plate 4022. Multiple second flow ports 4026 are evenly distributed on its side wall, and the position of each second flow port 4026 corresponds to the first flow port 4023.

[0124] The upper end of the movable groove 4025 is symmetrically provided with abutment grooves 4021;

[0125] The third elastic element 4027 is evenly distributed at the bottom of the movable groove 4025, with one end connected to the movable groove 4025 and the other end connected to the movable sealing plate 4024;

[0126] When the abutment 4041 is inserted into the abutment groove 4021, it pushes the movable sealing plate 4024 upward, so that the second flow port 4026 coincides with the first flow port 4023 and conducts communication.

[0127] Specifically, the lifting gate 404 includes:

[0128] The lifting sealing plate 4043 is movably installed in the cavity of the concave docking area 403;

[0129] The sliding contact plate 4044 is arranged parallel to the lifting sealing plate 4043 and moves up and down synchronously in the same direction;

[0130] C-shaped connecting plate 4045 is mirror-symmetrically arranged between the lifting sealing plate 4043 and the sliding contact plate 4044, with its two ends fixedly connected to the two respectively.

[0131] The resetting telescopic rod 4046 is fixedly installed on the top of the concave docking area 403;

[0132] The fourth elastic element 4047 is disposed inside the reset telescopic rod 4046 to provide a reset elastic force;

[0133] The bottom of the sliding contact plate 4044 is symmetrically fixed with abutment joints 4041, which are used to cooperate with the abutment groove 4021 of the switchable gate 402;

[0134] Specifically, the contactless control gate 405 includes:

[0135] The lifting chamber 4051 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the expansion interface bottle 103;

[0136] The lifting control gate 4052 is movably installed inside the lifting chamber 4051;

[0137] The support rod 4042 has one end fixedly connected to the C-shaped connecting plate 4045, and the other end extends to the inner wall of the expansion interface bottle 103 and is fixedly connected to a corresponding plate 4053.

[0138] The first magnetic component 4054 is disposed inside the lifting control gate 4052;

[0139] The second magnetic element 4055 is disposed in the corresponding plate 4053 and forms a magnetic attraction with the first magnetic element 4054.

[0140] When it is necessary to separate the expansion interface bottle 103 and the collection bottle 101, the lifting control gate 4052 is controlled to rise, thereby triggering magnetic linkage. The corresponding plate 4053 drives the C-type connecting plate 4045 to move together and rise with the lifting control gate 4052, so that the lifting control gate 4052 generates displacement feedback.

[0141] Specifically, both the collection bottle 101 and the expansion interface bottle 103 adopt a symmetrical rotating body configuration, and the two have matching profile generatrices in the docking area;

[0142] The docking area of ​​the side wall of the expansion interface bottle 103 is provided with an integrally formed boss 1031, and the outer peripheral surface of the boss 1031 is provided with a guide slope 1032.

[0143] The docking area of ​​the side wall of the collection bottle 101 is provided with a recess 1013 that is complementary to the shape of the boss 1031, and the inner wall of the recess 1013 is provided with an inlet slope 1014 that cooperates with the guide slope 1032.

[0144] When the boss portion 1031 is inserted into the recess portion 1013, the guide slope 1032 and the guide slope 1014 fit together, generating radial constraint and axial guiding force, so that the two are automatically aligned, and the insertion force is converted into a pre-compression force on the docking and connecting mechanism 400.

[0145] Specifically, an anti-detachment locking structure 500 is provided between the air inlet 1011 of the collection bottle 101 and the switchable connector 102 to ensure the connection stability and airtightness during dynamic switching.

[0146] The anti-loosening locking structure 500 includes:

[0147] An annular outer edge docking section 501 is provided at the upper end of the air inlet 1011. Its outer surface is provided with anti-slip texture 5011 and its inner surface is provided with elastic extrusion layer 5012.

[0148] An annular docking groove 502 is located at the lower end of the central seat 201 and is movably inserted into the annular outer edge docking section 501.

[0149] When the central seat 201 is screwed into place, the elastic compression layer 5012 undergoes radial compression deformation, forming an interference fit with the inner wall of the annular docking groove 502, generating a continuous axial locking force and radial sealing force.

[0150] Specifically, a positioning feedback structure 600 is provided between the rotary switching plate 202 and the central seat 201 to provide tactile confirmation of gear switching;

[0151] The positioning feedback structure 600 includes:

[0152] An annular magnetic component 601 is disposed at the bottom edge of the rotary switching plate 202;

[0153] Multiple magnetic sensing elements 602 are distributed circumferentially on the top of the central seat 201, and their distribution positions correspond one-to-one with the angular positions of each first through-hole 203;

[0154] When the rotary switching plate 202 is rotated to any position and the second through-hole 204 is precisely aligned with the target first through-hole 203, the annular magnetic component 601 and the corresponding magnetic sensing component 602 generate a magnetic attraction, forming a perceptible positioning damping and a slight adsorption feeling.

[0155] Example:

[0156] I. Initial Preparation

[0157] The operator first takes a standard-sized collection bottle 101 and confirms that its air inlet 1011 and air outlet 1012 are clean and free of foreign objects, and that the transparent cavity is free of scratches or cracks. Then, the operator takes the interchangeable connector 102, aligns the annular docking groove 502 at its lower end with the annular outer edge docking section 501 on the outer periphery of the air inlet 1011 at the top of the collection bottle 101, and inserts it vertically along the axial direction until the top surface of the annular outer edge docking section 501 is completely fitted with the bottom surface of the annular docking groove 502. At this time, the operator holds the edge of the rotating switching plate 202 with his thumb and forefinger and slowly rotates it clockwise to switch the connector 102 by about 90 degrees. During the process, the radial compression deformation of the elastic compression layer 5012 on the inner surface of the annular outer edge docking section 501 can be clearly felt. When the rotation is in place, the elastic compression layer 5012 is continuously pressed against the inner wall of the annular docking groove 502 to form an interference fit, generating a continuous axial locking force and radial sealing force. This state is the completion of the assembly of the anti-loosening locking structure 500.

[0158] Subsequently, one end of the negative pressure tube 105 is securely connected to the air outlet 1012 of the collection bottle 101, and the other end is connected to the hospital's central negative pressure system or a portable negative pressure pump. The negative pressure source is then turned on, and the target negative pressure value is set (typically -80 mmHg to -120 mmHg). At this time, the negative pressure draws into the cavity of the collection bottle 101 through the air outlet 1012, forming a stable negative pressure environment inside the bottle. This negative pressure is then transmitted in the reverse direction through the air inlet 1011 to the internal cavity of the switchable connector 102, providing the power basis for subsequent suction. During this stage, the system is in a "standby negative pressure" state, with all channels closed and no airflow passing through.

[0159] II. Selection of Suction Tube and Establishment of Negative Pressure

[0160] Based on the estimated viscosity of the patient's respiratory secretions, the operator pre-selects a suction tube 104 with a matching diameter: if the secretions are predicted to be low viscosity (such as clear sputum, thin postoperative exudate), a suction tube 104 with a larger outer diameter is selected, and the tube body is adapted to the first penetration port 203 with the largest diameter in the interchangeable connector 102; if the secretions are predicted to be high viscosity (such as purulent gelatinous sputum, bloody viscous sputum, fibrinous sputum plugs), a suction tube 104 with a smaller outer diameter is selected, and the tube body is adapted to the first penetration port 203 with the smallest diameter in the interchangeable connector 102.

[0161] Subsequently, the operator rotates the rotary switch plate 202 so that the second through-hole 204 on it is precisely aligned with the axis position of the currently selected first through-hole 203. When the alignment is completed, the annular magnetic component 601 at the bottom of the rotary switch plate 202 and the magnetic induction component 602 at the corresponding angular position on the top of the central seat 201 are magnetically attracted. The operator can clearly feel the positioning damping and slight attraction, confirming that the gear position has been physically locked.

[0162] After selection, hold the suction tube 104 and insert its proximal end (not the end) into the top opening of the central seat 201 of the switchable connector 102 from top to bottom, so that it passes through the axial through space between the central seat 201 and the rotary switching plate 202, and finally so that the outer wall of the suction tube 104 and the inner hole of the first through port 203 of the selected position form a coaxial nesting relationship.

[0163] At this time, the double-layer sealing ring 303 is located on the outer periphery of the first through-hole 203 of the group. Its inner silicone ring 3031 and outer fluororubber ring 3032 are radially squeezed during the insertion of the suction tube 104, and undergo elastic deformation, tightly covering the outer wall of the suction tube 104, realizing radial locking and dynamic sealing of the suction tube 104. This seal does not rely on adhesive or threads, but is maintained by the intrinsic elasticity of the material and the negative pressure self-tightening effect.

[0164] Finally, with the external negative pressure source running continuously, the negative pressure inside the collection bottle 101 is stable, and the suction tube 104 has been reliably fixed and airtightly connected through the double-layer sealing ring 303. The system has completed all physical configurations before drainage.

[0165] III. Single Suction Operation and Real-Time Adjustment

[0166] Each suction operation must be strictly limited to within 15 seconds. Before starting the operation, confirm that the switchable connector 102 is reliably assembled to the air inlet 1011 of the collection bottle 101 through the anti-detachment locking structure 500, the negative pressure tube 105 is connected to the air outlet 1012 and connected to an external negative pressure source, and the system is in a stable standby negative pressure state; the suction tube 104 has been initially selected according to the estimated viscosity and inserted into the first through-hole 203 of the corresponding position, and the double-layer sealing ring 303 has achieved radial locking and dynamic sealing of the outer wall of the suction tube 104.

[0167] At this point, the operator manually opens the control valve at the end of the suction tube 104, and the negative pressure gradient immediately drives the respiratory secretions from the patient's airway into the system through the lumen of the suction tube 104. The secretions descend along the suction tube 104, pass through the communication channel formed by the second through port 204 and the currently aligned set of first through ports 203, and finally enter the transparent visible cavity of the collection bottle 101 through the air inlet 1011.

[0168] The operator must monitor the transparent cavity throughout the procedure, focusing on three key indicators: first, the continuity and stability of the inflow of secretions (whether there are intermittent interruptions, pulsating outflows, or continuous retention); second, the macroscopic characteristics of the secretions within the cavity (such as whether they rapidly stratify, adhere extensively to the walls, form suspended clots, and the amount and fineness of foam); and third, the color and transparency of the secretions (pale yellow and clear, purulent and turbid, pink and bloody, or dark red and old blood). All observations must be completed within 15 seconds of valve opening; the timer can be an independent electronic device or can be counted silently by the operator—at the 15th second, regardless of whether drainage has ended, the next step must be performed immediately.

[0169] If, during the observation period of ≤15 seconds, the operator determines that the current drainage effect is insufficient—for example, if highly viscous secretions cause obvious sputum plugs to be visible and slow to advance within the suction tube 104, if a thick layer of mucus adheres to the inner wall of the collection bottle 101 without effective settling, or if the negative pressure gauge shows an instantaneous negative pressure value that is consistently higher than the set threshold (indicating excessive flow resistance)—then a dynamic adjustment procedure must be executed immediately. This procedure strictly follows the irreversible three-stage sequence of "interruption first, replacement second, and reconstruction third."

[0170] First stage: Interruption of suction - The operator decisively closes the control valve at the end of the suction tube 104 with their finger, immediately cutting off the negative pressure passage and stopping the flow of secretions; at this time, the entire drainage process is completely stopped, the secretions accumulated in the cavity of the collection bottle 101 stand still, and the system maintains negative pressure but no airflow.

[0171] Second stage: Changing the suction tube and gear position—The operator keeps the control valve closed, holds the edge of the rotating switch plate 202, and rotates it counterclockwise or clockwise to disengage the second through-hole 204 from the current axis position of the first through-hole 203; the operator smoothly pulls the original suction tube 104 out of the switchable connector 102 from top to bottom, ensuring that it is completely disengaged from the top opening of the central seat 201. First, press the central press button 3061, then rotate the rotating switch plate 202. During the rotation, the lifting ring 301 corresponding to the original gear position automatically moves under the elastic force of the first elastic element 304, the telescopic ring 302 retracts, and the sealing ring 305 disengages from the inner wall of the rotating switch plate 202, thus releasing the seal of that gear position. The operator continues to rotate. Twist the switching plate 202 until the second through-hole 204 is precisely aligned with the axis of the first through-hole 203 of the new gear position. At this point, the positioning feedback structure 600 responds: the annular magnetic component 601 at the bottom of the switching plate 202 and the magnetic induction component 602 at the corresponding angular position on the top of the central seat 201 are magnetically attracted. The operator clearly feels the positioning damping and attraction, confirming that the gear position is physically locked. At the same time, the lifting ring 301 corresponding to the new gear position descends synchronously under the pressing action of the switching plate 202, driving the telescopic ring 302 upward through the top of the central seat 201, so that the sealing ring 305 presses against the inner wall of the switching plate 202. Then, take a suction tube 104 with a smaller diameter (e.g., Φ6.0) (Replace mm with Φ4.0mm), reinsert its proximal end into the switchable connector 102, and align it with the next set of first through-holes 203 with a smaller diameter. After insertion, the inner silicone ring 3031 and the outer fluororubber ring 3032 in the double sealing ring 303 are compressed synchronously, and radial locking and dynamic sealing of the outer wall of the new suction tube 104 are achieved again.

[0172] Phase Three: Restarting Suction – After the above replacement and locking actions are completed, the operator reopens the control valve at the end of the suction tube 104, the negative pressure gradient is re-established, and the secretions begin to flow into the collection bottle 101 through the composite flow channel formed by the new diameter suction tube 104 and the new setting first through-hole 203; at this time, the single suction timer is reset to zero, and a new observation cycle of ≤15 seconds begins. The entire adjustment process does not rely on external tools, and all actions are performed manually. From closing the valve to restarting suction, the total time can be controlled within 8 seconds, fully ensuring the safe rhythm and physiological tolerance window of clinical operation.

[0173] IV. Expanding the cavity capacity

[0174] When the liquid level in the transparent visible cavity of the collection bottle 101 rises to the warning mark 30 mm from the top of the bottle, it indicates that its effective volume is about to be saturated, and the expansion procedure needs to be initiated. The operator takes a standard-sized expansion interface bottle 103, holds the body, aligns the concave mating area 403 on one side of its bottom with the corresponding hollow connector 401 on the side wall of the collection bottle 101, and pushes it in smoothly along the axial direction. In the initial stage of pushing in, the guide slope 1032 on the outer periphery of the protrusion 1031 on the side wall of the expansion interface bottle 103 and the guide slope 1014 on the inner wall of the recess 1013 on the side wall of the collection bottle 101 begin to contact and slide against each other, thereby generating a radial constraint force, forcing the two axes to automatically align; as the axial thrust continues to be applied, the conical action of the guide slope 1032 and the guide slope 1014 converts the insertion force into a pre-compression force on the internal mechanism of the hollow connector 401. When the boss 1031 is fully embedded in the recess 1013 to the set depth, the pre-pressure is in place, and the mechanical trigger takes effect: the front end structure of the hollow connector 401 pushes the lifting sealing plate 4043 of the lifting gate 404 to rise vertically along the guide rail of the cavity of the concave docking area 403; during the rising process of the lifting sealing plate 4043, the abutment 4041 symmetrically arranged at its bottom is simultaneously inserted into the abutment groove 4021 of the switchable gate 402; the abutment 4041 applies a downward thrust in the abutment groove 4021, overcomes the elastic force of the third elastic element 4027, and drives the movable sealing plate 4024 to move downward along the movable groove 4025; when the movable sealing plate 4024 moves down to the set position, the multiple second flow ports 4026 evenly distributed on its side wall completely overlap with the multiple first flow ports 4023 corresponding to the side wall of the fixed sealing plate 4022, forming a smooth flow section;

[0175] Meanwhile, the third elastic element 4027 stores elastic potential energy during compression. This potential energy acts in the opposite direction on the lifting gate 404, providing it with auxiliary support stiffness and ensuring that it maintains a stable rising posture in the plugged-in state. Thus, the switchable gate 402 and the lifting gate 404 form a two-stage mechanical linkage gate, opening synchronously, allowing the collection bottle 101 and the expansion interface bottle 103 to achieve physical connection through the hollow connector 401 and the concave docking area 403. The entire process does not disrupt the original negative pressure in the main cavity of the collection bottle 101. The negative pressure gradient naturally extends to the expansion interface bottle 103, and the secretions continuously flow into the expansion cavity under constant negative pressure. The measured pressure fluctuation in the main negative pressure cavity is less than ±0.8 mmHg.

[0176] V. Quick Replacement and Cleaning

[0177] After a single use, or when it is necessary to replace the suction tube 104, collection bottle 101, or to disinfect the switchable connector 102, perform a quick unsealing operation. The operator presses the central pressing button 3061 of the one-button retraction component 306 vertically downward with their thumb. This button is axially movable and passes through the central pressing groove 2012 in the center of the central seat 201. During the pressing process, the reset ring 3062 on the side of the central pressing button 3061 undergoes axial compression deformation under the action of the second elastic element 3064. At the same time, multiple connecting lines 3065 arranged in the gaps between adjacent arc-shaped limiting blocks 3063 are pulled synchronously. The other end of each connecting line 3065 is connected to the side of the lifting ring 301 on the outer periphery of the corresponding first through-hole 203. Therefore, all lifting rings 301 descend synchronously under the traction of the connecting lines 3065. The descent of the lifting rings 301 causes the telescopic rings 302 to retract, causing the sealing rings 305 of each position to detach from the inner wall of the rotary switching plate 202. The axial seals of all first through-holes 203 are completely released at once. After the interchangeable connector 102 is disassembled, the suction tube 104 comes out and can be removed separately for cleaning, disinfection, or replacement. If the collection bottle 101 needs to be replaced, simply take a new standard collection bottle 101 and repeat the screwing operation of the anti-detachment locking structure 500 in step one. The elastic compression layer 5012 of the annular outer edge docking section 501 will be radially compressed again, forming an interference fit with the annular docking groove 502, and automatically restoring the sealing state. For disassembling and cleaning the expansion interface bottle 103, the operator only needs to operate the lifting control gate 4052 of the contactless control gate 405 on the outer wall of the expansion interface bottle 103 to pull it upward. During the upward movement of the lifting control gate 4052, the first magnetic component 4054 inside it is magnetically coupled with the second magnetic component 4055 fixed in the corresponding plate 4053, and the corresponding plate 4053 moves upward accordingly. The corresponding plate 4053 pulls the C-shaped connecting plate 4045 through the support rod 4042, which in turn drives the lifting sealing plate 4043 to rise, so that the abutment 4041 disengages from the abutment groove 4021. At this time, the third elastic component 4027 releases its stored energy, pushing the movable sealing plate 4024 to reset to the closed state, and the first flow port 4023 and the second flow port 4026 are repositioned and isolated. Subsequently, the operator can smoothly pull out the expansion interface bottle 103 axially and perform routine cleaning and high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization on its inner and outer surfaces. All parts can be disassembled and assembled without tools, without damaging the structural integrity, and support repeated use and cross-compatibility.

[0178] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0179] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A visual respiratory secretion negative pressure suction device, characterized in that, include: The collection bottle (101) is made of transparent material and has a visible cavity. Its top is provided with an air inlet (1011) and an air outlet (1012) to establish a negative pressure passage and observe the secretion collection status in real time. A switchable connector (102) is detachably connected to the air inlet (1011) to form an integrated dynamic pipe diameter control unit, including a central seat (201) and a rotary switching plate (202) arranged coaxially. The central seat (201) is provided with multiple sets of first through ports (203) along the axial direction. The flow cross section of each set of first through ports (203) decreases in a stepped manner, and each set is provided with a double-layer sealing ring (303). The double-layer sealing ring (303) is composed of an inner silicone ring (3031) and an outer fluororubber ring (3032) concentrically. The rotary switching plate (202) rotates around the axis of the central seat (201) and is provided with a second through port (204). The outline size of the second through port (204) is larger than that of the first through port (203) with the largest diameter. By rotating the rotary switching plate (202), the second through port (204) can be selectively coaxially connected with any set of first through ports (203), thereby dynamically matching the drainage needs of secretions with different viscosity while maintaining the continuity of negative pressure in the system. A suction tube (104) passes through the switchable connector (102) and extends to the bottom of the cavity of the collection bottle (101), and its end is provided with a control valve for starting and closing a single suction operation; A negative pressure pipe (105) is connected to the air outlet (1012) for connecting to an external negative pressure source; An expansion interface bottle (103) is detachably disposed on the side wall of the collection bottle (101) and together with the collection bottle (101) forms an expandable sealed negative pressure cavity; The collection bottle (101) and the expansion interface bottle (103) are connected by a docking and connecting mechanism (400) to achieve mechanical insertion guidance, automatic axis alignment, pre-pressure triggering and synchronous opening of the double-stage gate, thereby completing the cavity expansion without interrupting the negative pressure of the main cavity.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dynamic sealing assembly (300) is provided between the central seat (201) and the rotary switching plate (202) of the switchable connector (102), and the dynamic sealing assembly (300) is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the first through holes (203); The dynamic sealing assembly (300) includes: The lifting ring (301) is movably installed in the lifting groove (2011) on the outer periphery of the corresponding first through-hole (203); The first elastic element (304) is connected between the bottom of the lifting groove (2011) and the lifting ring (301); The telescopic ring (302) is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting ring (301) and extends upward through the top of the central seat (201); The lower surface of the rotary switching plate (202) is provided with a telescopic docking groove (2021), and the upper end of the telescopic ring (302) is movably embedded in the telescopic docking groove (2021); The sealing ring (305) is fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic ring (302). When the rotary switching plate (202) is pressed, the sealing ring (305) forms an axial seal with the inner wall of the rotary switching plate (202), and rises and falls synchronously with the lifting ring (301) to adapt to the sealing requirements of different gears.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dynamic sealing assembly (300) also includes a one-key retraction component (306) for simultaneously releasing the compression sealing state of all dynamic sealing assemblies (300); The one-click retraction component (306) includes: A central pressing key (3061) is axially movably inserted into a central pressing groove (2012) at the center of the central seat (201). The reset ring (3062) is fixedly connected to the side of the central pressing key (3061) and is movably embedded in the reset groove (2013) on the side wall of the central pressing groove (2012). Its side wall is provided with multiple arc-shaped limiting blocks (3063). The second elastic element (3064) is arranged circumferentially in the reset groove (2013), with one end connected to the reset groove (2013) and the other end connected to the reset ring (3062). The connecting line (3065) has one end connected to the side of the lifting ring (301) and the other end connected to the side of the central pressing key (3061), and is arranged in the gap between adjacent arc-shaped limiting blocks (3063); When the central pressing button (3061) is pressed, all the lifting rings (301) are pulled down synchronously through the connecting line (3065), so that each of the sealing rings (305) is disengaged from the sealing position.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The docking and communication mechanism (400) includes: A hollow connector (401) is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the collection bottle (101); A switchable gate (402) is disposed inside the hollow connector (401); The concave mating area (403) is located at the bottom of one side of the extended interface bottle (103), corresponding to the position of the hollow mating connector (401); The lifting gate (404) is movably installed in the recessed docking area (403); A contactless control gate (405) is provided on the outer wall of the expansion interface bottle (103); When the hollow connector (401) is inserted into the concave mating area (403) and reaches the set depth, the lifting gate (404) is mechanically pushed up, and its bottom abutment (4041) is simultaneously inserted into the abutment groove (4021) of the switchable gate (402), driving the switchable gate (402) to open. At the same time, the lifting gate (404) is linked to the contactless control gate (405) through the support rod (4042) to realize the mechanical magnetic coupling coordinated action of dual-stage on / off.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The switchable gate (402) includes: A fixed sealing plate (4022) is fixedly installed inside the hollow butt joint (401), and its side wall is evenly distributed with a plurality of first flow ports (4023). The movable sealing plate (4024) is movably installed in the movable groove (4025) in the middle of the fixed sealing plate (4022), and its side wall is evenly distributed with a plurality of second flow ports (4026), the position of each second flow port (4026) corresponds one-to-one with the first flow port (4023); The upper end of the movable groove (4025) is symmetrically provided with abutment grooves (4021); The third elastic element (4027) is evenly distributed at the bottom of the movable groove (4025), with one end connected to the movable groove (4025) and the other end connected to the movable sealing plate (4024). When the abutment (4041) is inserted into the abutment groove (4021), the movable sealing plate (4024) is pushed upward, so that the second flow port (4026) coincides with the first flow port (4023) and is connected.

6. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting gate (404) includes: The lifting sealing plate (4043) is movably installed in the cavity of the concave docking area (403); The sliding contact plate (4044) is arranged parallel to the lifting sealing plate (4043) and moves up and down synchronously in the same direction; A C-shaped connecting plate (4045) is arranged in a mirror image symmetrically between the lifting sealing plate (4043) and the sliding contact plate (4044), with its two ends fixedly connected to the two respectively; The resetting telescopic rod (4046) is fixedly installed on the top of the concave docking area (403); The fourth elastic element (4047) is disposed inside the reset telescopic rod (4046) and provides a reset elastic force; The bottom of the sliding contact plate (4044) is symmetrically fixed with abutment joints (4041) for cooperating with the abutment groove (4021) of the switchable gate (402).

7. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The contactless control gate (405) includes: The lifting chamber (4051) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the expansion interface bottle (103); The lifting control gate (4052) is movably installed inside the lifting chamber (4051); The support rod (4042) is fixedly connected at one end to the C-shaped connecting plate (4045) and at the other end extends to the inner wall of the expansion interface bottle (103) and is fixedly connected to a corresponding plate (4053). The first magnetic component (4054) is disposed inside the lifting control gate (4052); The second magnetic component (4055) is disposed in the corresponding plate (4053) and forms a magnetic attraction with the first magnetic component (4054); When it is necessary to separate the expansion interface bottle (103) and the collection bottle (101), the lifting control gate (4052) is controlled to rise, thereby triggering magnetic linkage. The corresponding plate (4053) drives the C-type connecting plate (4045) to move together. As the lifting control gate (4052) rises, the lifting control gate (4052) generates displacement feedback.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the collection bottle (101) and the expansion interface bottle (103) adopt a symmetrical rotating body configuration, and the two have matching profile generatrices in the docking area; The docking area of ​​the side wall of the extended interface bottle (103) is provided with an integrally formed boss (1031), and the outer peripheral surface of the boss (1031) is provided with a guide slope (1032). The docking area of ​​the side wall of the collection bottle (101) is provided with a recess (1013) that is complementary to the shape of the boss (1031), and the inner wall of the recess (1013) is provided with an inlet slope (1014) that cooperates with the guide slope (1032). When the boss (1031) is inserted into the recess (1013), the guide slope (1032) and the guide slope (1014) fit together, generating radial constraint and axial guiding force, so that the two are automatically aligned, and the insertion force is converted into a pre-compression force on the docking and connecting mechanism (400).

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-detachment locking structure (500) is provided between the air inlet (1011) of the collection bottle (101) and the switchable connector (102) to ensure the connection stability and airtightness during dynamic switching. The anti-loosening locking structure (500) includes: An annular outer edge connecting section (501) is provided at the upper end of the air inlet (1011), and its outer surface is provided with anti-slip texture (5011) and its inner surface is provided with an elastic extrusion layer (5012). An annular docking groove (502) is provided at the lower end of the central seat (201) and is movably inserted into the annular outer edge docking section (501); When the central seat (201) is screwed into place, the elastic compression layer (5012) undergoes radial compression deformation, forming an interference fit with the inner wall of the annular docking groove (502), generating a continuous axial locking force and radial sealing force.

10. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning feedback structure (600) is provided between the rotary switching plate (202) and the central seat (201) to provide tactile confirmation of gear switching; The positioning feedback structure (600) includes: A ring-shaped magnetic component (601) is disposed at the bottom edge of the rotary switching plate (202); Multiple magnetic sensing elements (602) are distributed circumferentially on the top of the central seat (201), and their distribution positions correspond one-to-one with the angular positions of each of the first through holes (203); When the rotary switch plate (202) is rotated to any position and the second through-hole (204) is precisely aligned with the target first through-hole (203), the annular magnetic element (601) and the corresponding magnetic sensing element (602) generate a magnetic attraction, forming a perceptible positioning damping and a slight adsorption feeling.

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