A layered vibration self-adaptive based underground coal gangue multi-layer distribution screening device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of underground coal and gangue sorting technology, and in particular to an underground coal and gangue multi-layer feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptive technology. The device includes a multi-layer screening assembly, a drive assembly, and a control assembly. The multi-layer screening assembly is fixedly mounted on a frame and includes screening modules arranged longitudinally on the frame. Each screening module operates independently, and the screening particle size of the modules decreases progressively from top to bottom. The drive assembly is fixedly mounted on the frame and is connected to the screening modules via a transmission connection, providing screening power to the modules. The control assembly includes an electrically connected control module and a detection module. The control module is electrically connected to the drive assembly, and the detection module is used to detect the screening parameters of the coal and gangue. This application achieves efficient and stable screening under complex working conditions by decomposing thick material layers through multi-layer feeding, differentially configuring the vibration parameters of each layer, and introducing a real-time sensing and feedback adjustment mechanism, thereby promoting the clean utilization of coal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground coal and gangue sorting technology, and in particular to an underground coal and gangue multi-layer feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptive technology. Background Technology

[0002] Sorting the extracted raw coal underground can reduce the transportation costs and energy consumption of gangue to the surface, alleviate the environmental pressure caused by gangue stockpiling on the surface, and improve the roof support effect by gangue backfilling, thereby reducing the risk of surface subsidence.

[0003] However, due to variations in geological conditions and coal mining process parameters, the gangue content and particle size distribution of raw coal flow fluctuate. Under these conditions, the fixed screens or single-layer linear vibrating screens widely used underground lack targeted control capabilities. When a certain particle size range or the proportion of highly viscous fine particles suddenly increases, the screen holes of the fixed vibration parameter screen are easily clogged, reducing the effective screening area. When the feed rate is too high, the thickness of the material layer on the single-layer screen surface exceeds the design threshold, and fine particles are covered by coarse particles, making it difficult to fully contact the screen surface, and the probability of passing through the screen decreases sharply. These phenomena not only increase the load on subsequent sorting or dry separation equipment, causing a decrease in sorting accuracy and recovery rate, but also damage the particle size distribution of the gangue used for backfilling, affecting the compaction and load-bearing capacity of the backfill body. However, existing screening devices have a narrow screening particle size range, non-adjustable vibration parameters, low screening accuracy, and lack of real-time feedback correction mechanisms, making them unsuitable for the current coal gangue screening requirements.

[0004] Therefore, developing an underground coal and gangue multi-layer feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptation has significant engineering value. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an underground coal and gangue multi-layer feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptation, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a multi-layer coal and gangue feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptation, comprising: A multi-layer screening assembly is fixedly installed on a frame. The multi-layer screening assembly includes screening modules arranged longitudinally on the frame. The screening modules operate independently, and the screening particle size of the screening modules decreases step by step from top to bottom. A drive assembly is fixedly mounted on the frame and is connected to the screening module in a transmission manner to provide screening power to the screening module; The control component includes an electrically connected control module and a detection module. The control module is electrically connected to the drive component, and the detection module is used to detect the screening parameters of coal gangue.

[0007] Preferably, the screening module includes a first screen, a second screen, and a third screen arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the direction of gravity, and the coal gangue passes through the first screen, the second screen, and the third screen sequentially along the direction of gravity during screening.

[0008] Preferably, the particle size of the first screen is 50mm-350mm, the particle size of the second screen is 20mm-50mm, and the particle size of the third screen is 6mm-20mm.

[0009] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a plurality of variable frequency vibration modules fixedly mounted on the frame, the plurality of variable frequency vibration modules being electrically connected to the control module and operating independently, and the plurality of variable frequency vibration modules being respectively connected to the screening module in a transmission manner.

[0010] Preferably, the variable frequency vibration module includes a variable frequency motor electrically connected to the control module, and the variable frequency motor is driven by a phase-adjustable biaxial vibrator. The variable frequency motor controls the screening parameters of the screening module through the biaxial vibrator.

[0011] Preferably, nonlinear elastic buffer strips are respectively provided between the edges of the first screen, the second screen and the third screen and the frame, and the nonlinear elastic buffer strips are continuously arranged along the circumference of the first screen, the second screen and the third screen.

[0012] Preferably, the detection module includes a plurality of particle size sensors electrically connected to the control module, and the particle size sensors are respectively configured to correspond to the discharge ends of the first screen, the second screen and the third screen.

[0013] Preferably, the detection module includes a feed sensing unit, which is correspondingly configured with respect to the discharge end of the belt conveyor mounted on the frame, and is used to monitor the condition of the coal gangue fed into the first screen.

[0014] Preferably, a longitudinally arranged baffle plate is provided between adjacent screening modules, and the baffle plate forms a guide channel between adjacent screening modules, so that the screened coal gangue falls onto the screening module below.

[0015] Preferably, an interlayer steel column support is provided between adjacent screening modules, and a buffer pad is provided at the connection between the interlayer steel column support and the screening module.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages and technical effects: This invention discloses a multi-layer coal and gangue screening device based on layered vibration adaptation. The multi-layer screening component consists of several screening modules with gradually decreasing particle size, enabling the grading and screening of coal and gangue in the 6mm-350mm particle size range. The vibration frequency and amplitude are independently optimized for different particle size ranges, effectively solving the problem of fine particles having difficulty contacting the screen surface due to excessively thick material layers in traditional single-layer screens. This significantly improves the screening probability of materials of each particle size and the overall screening efficiency. Furthermore, each screening module is independently controlled by the drive component, allowing each layer to independently adjust its vibration frequency and amplitude, achieving screening of different particle size ranges under optimal vibration parameters, thus solving the problem of solid... Fixed vibration parameters cannot simultaneously address the conflict between the throwing of large materials and the screening of fine materials, thus improving the device's adaptability to different operating conditions. The control component consists of a closed-loop adjustment mechanism composed of a control module and a detection module, which significantly reduces the probability of coarse material run-through and improves the sufficiency of fine material screening. Specifically, the detection module provides feedback to the screening module and works together with the control module to control the drive component, enabling the device to automatically adjust vibration parameters according to changes in operating conditions. It can also automatically respond to abnormal states such as coarse material run-through and hole blockage, solving the problem that traditional devices cannot respond to changes in operating conditions in real time. This significantly reduces the need for manual intervention, improves screening stability and continuous operation capability, and reduces the labor intensity and operational risks for underground workers. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the underground coal and gangue multi-layer feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptive according to the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Drive assembly; 3. Screen box; 4. Collection hopper; 5. Dual-shaft vibrator; 6. Particle size detection sensor; 7. Control module; 8. Belt conveyor; 9. Air spring; 10. Magnetorheological damper; 11. Feed sensing unit; 12. Multi-layer screening assembly; 13. Baffle plate; 14. Buffer pad. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-layer coal and gangue feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptation, comprising: Multi-layer screening assembly 12 is fixedly installed on frame 1. Multi-layer screening assembly 12 includes screening modules arranged longitudinally on frame 1. Screening modules operate independently and the screening particle size of screening modules decreases step by step from top to bottom. Drive component 2 is fixedly installed on frame 1 and is connected to the screening module for transmission, providing screening power to the screening module; The control component includes an electrically connected control module 7 and a detection module. The control module 7 is electrically connected to the drive component 2, and the detection module is used to detect the screening parameters of coal gangue.

[0021] This invention discloses a multi-layer coal and gangue screening device based on layered vibration adaptation. The multi-layer screening component 12 consists of several screening modules with gradually decreasing particle size, enabling the grading and screening of coal and gangue in the 6mm-350mm particle size range. The vibration frequency and amplitude are independently optimized for different particle size ranges, effectively solving the problem of fine particles having difficulty contacting the screen surface due to excessively thick material layers in traditional single-layer screens. This significantly improves the screening probability of materials of each particle size and the overall screening efficiency. Furthermore, each screening module is independently controlled by the drive component 2, allowing each layer to independently adjust its vibration frequency and amplitude, achieving screening of different particle size ranges under optimal vibration parameters. This solves the problem that fixed vibration parameters cannot handle large particles. The contradiction between material throwing and fine material screening is resolved, improving the device's adaptability to different working conditions. The control component consists of a closed-loop adjustment mechanism composed of control module 7 and detection module, which significantly reduces the probability of coarse material run-through and improves the sufficiency of fine material screening. Specifically, the detection module provides feedback to the screening module and works together with control module 7 to control drive component 2, enabling the device to automatically adjust vibration parameters according to changes in working conditions. It can also automatically respond to abnormal states such as coarse material run-through and hole blockage, solving the problem that traditional devices cannot respond to changes in working conditions in real time. This significantly reduces the need for manual intervention, improves screening stability and continuous operation capability, and reduces the labor intensity and operational risks for underground workers.

[0022] The scheme was further optimized. The screening module includes a first screen, a second screen, and a third screen arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the direction of gravity. During screening, coal gangue passes through the first screen, the second screen, and the third screen sequentially along the direction of gravity. To achieve step-by-step screening of coal gangue, each screening module includes a corresponding screen. The first screen, the second screen, and the third screen are arranged longitudinally layer by layer. The coal gangue is screened under the action of gravity and vibration. Coal gangue larger than the screening particle size is intercepted by the corresponding screen, collected and discharged through the corresponding collection hopper 4 for subsequent use; while coal gangue smaller than the screening particle size passes through the corresponding screen and falls to the lower layer, forming a channel for step-by-step particle size separation. This helps to improve the separation efficiency of materials of different particle sizes, avoid the mixing of coarse and fine materials, and enhance the continuity and stability of the screening process.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the frame 1 is fixed to the bedrock or foundation underground, and three independent screen boxes 3 are suspended on the frame 1 by a combination of multiple air springs 9 and magnetorheological dampers 10. Each screen box 3 is a steel frame structure with replaceable screens on the inside. Coal gangue material is fed into the feed inlet of the device by a belt conveyor 8 and falls onto the screen of the screen box 3 for screening.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the air spring 9 is located at the four corners of the lower part of the screen box 3 to bear the weight of the screen box 3 and provide adjustable elastic support; the magnetorheological damper 10 is arranged in parallel or in series with the air spring 9, and the damping force is adjusted by changing the excitation current of the coil, so that the actual amplitude and response time of the screen box 3 are controllable, thereby suppressing resonance and excessive amplitude while maintaining vibration decoupling.

[0025] The scheme was further optimized, with the first screen having a particle size range of 50mm-350mm, the second screen 20mm-50mm, and the third screen 6mm-20mm. This particle size range covers the main particle size range of underground coal gangue, making it particularly suitable for underground pre-sorting scenarios. By clearly defining the screening tasks of each screen layer, efficient interception of large coal gangue and thorough screening of fine particles can be achieved, avoiding screen clogging or decreased screening accuracy caused by excessively large particle size spans.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first screen is located at the top and is a heavy-duty bar screen plate with a preferred bar spacing of about 50 mm. It is mainly used to intercept large coal and gangue particles larger than 50 mm in diameter and to allow materials smaller than 50 mm in diameter to pass through to the lower layer. The screen surface of the first screen is provided with two or three steps along the material's forward direction, forming a vertical drop of about 120 mm between any two adjacent steps. When the material crosses the drop, it is thrown up and tumbles, which is beneficial for stripping small and medium-sized particles attached to the surface of large particles.

[0027] In one embodiment of the invention, the second screen is located in the middle and is made of a wear-resistant round-hole screen plate with a hole diameter of 20 mm, used for reclassification in the medium particle size range. The second screen is also equipped with a stepped drop structure, with a vertical drop between each section generally ranging from 50 mm to 100 mm, which can be adjusted according to working conditions and material characteristics to improve the turning frequency of the material on the screen surface.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, the third screen is located at the bottom and is made of stainless steel woven fine-pore screen plate with a screen aperture size of 6mm, mainly used for screening fine particles of 6mm-20mm. The third screen can be selected with a flat screen surface or a slightly corrugated structure to increase the turning frequency of fine particles, thereby enhancing the screening effect of fine particles.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, each layer of screen is arranged in a segmented inclined manner, and a vertical drop is provided between two adjacent screen sections. The vertical drop is preferably 120mm-180mm. A local buffer zone is formed below the drop section to allow the material to tumble and reorganize during the conveying process, so that small particles in the upper material layer are exposed and approach the screen surface again, thereby increasing the probability of coarse and medium particles passing through the screen.

[0030] Further optimizing the scheme, the drive component 2 includes several variable frequency vibration modules fixedly mounted on the frame 1. These modules are electrically connected to the control module 7 and operate independently. Each module is also connected to the screening module via a transmission connection. Each vibration module includes a variable frequency motor electrically connected to the control module 7. The motor is connected to a phase-adjustable dual-axis vibrator 5, which controls the screening parameters of the screening module. The drive system comprises three independent sets of variable frequency vibration modules. Each set connects to a corresponding screen. Each module includes a phase-adjustable dual-axis vibrator 5 and a connected variable frequency motor. The control module 7 adjusts the vibration frequency f and amplitude A of the corresponding screen in real time. Vibration isolation elements such as vibration isolation springs or rubber damping pads are used to decouple the mechanical structure of each screen from the frame 1.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, a set of biaxial vibrators 5 is installed on one side of each layer of screen box 3. The biaxial vibrator 5 consists of a pair of parallel eccentric shafts. The eccentric shafts are synchronized by a gear mechanism to ensure consistent rotational speed, and the eccentric shafts are driven by a variable frequency motor. The direction of the vibration force output by the biaxial vibrator 5 can be changed by adjusting the phase difference between the two shafts, thereby changing the vibration direction angle β of the screen box 3 to adapt to the material transport and screening requirements under different working conditions.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, each screen is provided with an independent guide chute and an adjustable baffle. The outlet position of the guide chute is matched with the underground transportation equipment or different subsequent process units. The PLC control system can automatically adjust the baffle opening of each guide chute according to the current screening task, the feed condition data collected by the feed sensing unit 11 and the particle size distribution data fed back by the particle size detection sensor 6, so as to realize the proportional distribution of materials of different particle sizes among multiple discharge paths.

[0033] Further optimizing the design, non-linear elastic buffer strips are respectively installed between the edges of the first, second, and third screens and the frame 1. These non-linear elastic buffer strips are continuously arranged circumferentially along the first, second, and third screens. A closed-loop non-linear elastic buffer strip is installed between the edge of each screen and the corresponding side wall of the screen box 3, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the buffer strip has a trapezoidal cross-section, with its outer bottom edge fixedly connected to the side wall of the screen box 3, and its inner narrow edge connected to the screen frame. The buffer strip is internally fitted with two or three types of rubber of different hardness along its thickness direction, with the outer layer having higher hardness and the inner layer lower hardness, forming a hardness gradient that gradually decreases from the outside to the inside. The surface of the buffer strip is vulcanized or adhered with multiple rows of wear-resistant ceramic particles to withstand large impacts and extend its service life, while also improving the stress distribution and screening effect at the screen edge area.

[0034] The scheme is further optimized by including several particle size sensors electrically connected to the control module 7. These sensors are respectively positioned at the discharge ends of the first, second, and third screens. Particle size detection sensors 6 are arranged corresponding to the discharge channels of each screen to collect real-time particle size distribution data of undersize particles of different sizes.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, a particle size detection sensor 6 and a flow sensor are installed on the discharge port of each screen. An image recognition-based detection method can be used to statistically analyze the particle size composition and flow rate changes of the undersize material of each particle size class in real time.

[0036] Further optimizing the scheme, the detection module includes a feed sensing unit 11, which is correspondingly set at the discharge end of the belt conveyor on the frame 1, and is used to monitor the condition of the coal gangue fed into the first screen. The feed sensing unit 11 is set at the feed inlet of the belt conveyor 8, and is used to perform feedforward sensing of the coal gangue entering the device to obtain operating condition information such as particle size distribution and flow rate.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control module 7 is selected as a PLC control system, preferably implemented by an industrial control computer or a programmable logic controller.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control module 7 adopts a closed-loop control algorithm that combines feedforward and feedback. It integrates the feed condition data collected by the feed sensing unit 11 and the particle size distribution data collected by the particle size detection sensor 6 to dynamically correct the vibration parameters in real time, so as to adaptively adjust the vibration state of each screen.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the input end of the control module 7 is connected to the feed sensing unit 11, the particle size detection sensor 6 under the screen, the magnetorheological damper 10 and other feedback modules, and the output end is connected to the driving power supply of the three-layer frequency conversion vibration module and the magnetorheological damper 10 respectively, forming a closed-loop control system that combines feedforward and feedback.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, the closed-loop control algorithm is preferably a PID control algorithm or a fuzzy control algorithm.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, after the device is started, the feed sensing unit 11 continuously scans the cross-section of the coal flow entering the device to obtain the proportion information of different particle size ranges. During a certain period of time, the scanning results show that large particles with a particle size greater than 50 mm account for about 30%, fine particles with a particle size less than 6 mm account for about 50%, and the remainder is medium-sized material. The control module 7 selects a mixed working condition mode with a high proportion of coarse and fine particles according to the preset working condition library, sets the vibration frequency of the first screen to 15 Hz and the amplitude to 18 mm, sets the vibration frequency of the third screen to 45 Hz and the amplitude to 6 mm, and uses a medium frequency and medium amplitude for the second screen.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, during the operation of the device, the particle size detection sensor 6 continuously monitors the particle size composition of different discharge paths. When a large number of fine particles (6mm-20mm) that should theoretically pass through the third screen are detected in the discharge stream corresponding to the second screen, the control module 7 determines that there is a risk of coarse particles being passed through. By changing the phase difference of the biaxial vibrator 5 of the second screen, the vibration direction angle is adjusted from about 45° to about 80°. The horizontal velocity of the material on the second screen surface is significantly reduced, the residence time is increased, and the screening rate is increased accordingly, thereby reducing the probability of coarse particles being passed through.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, if the underflow of the third screen continuously decreases over a period of time, and the particle size detection sensor 6 shows a decrease in the proportion of fine particles and an abnormal particle size distribution in the output, the control module 7 determines this state as a tendency to clog the sieves and immediately triggers the screen cleaning mode. In the screen cleaning mode, the control system reduces the current of the magnetorheological damper 10 connected to the third screen, reducing the damping force to a preset lower limit. Simultaneously, the vibration frequency is briefly adjusted to near the natural frequency range of the third screen, forming controlled resonance. The screen surface amplitude jumps to near the upper limit of 20 mm within a few seconds, generating a large acceleration without exceeding the allowable range of structural strength, thus throwing the attached material off the screen surface. After the screen cleaning is completed, the system automatically returns to its original working state, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the device.

[0044] To further optimize the design, longitudinally arranged baffle plates 13 are installed between adjacent screening modules. These baffle plates 13 form a guide channel between adjacent screening modules, allowing the screened coal gangue to fall onto the lower screening module. The baffle plates 13 are arranged along the side wall of the screen box 3 and cover the lateral openings of the interlayer drop section, forming a semi-enclosed guide channel. This allows the upper layer of under-screened material to be guided along the baffle plates 13 into the lower screen surface or the corresponding collection hopper 4, thereby suppressing splashing and overflow of under-screened material.

[0045] To further optimize the design, interlayer steel columns are installed between adjacent screening modules, and buffer pads 14 are installed at the connection between the interlayer steel columns and the screening modules. Interlayer steel columns are installed between each screening layer, and buffer pads 14 are installed at the connection between the interlayer steel columns and the corresponding screen or screen box 3 to absorb interlayer vibration energy and reduce vibration transmission rate, so that different screening layers do not interfere with each other when working under different vibration frequencies and amplitude parameters.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the buffer pad 14 is one or more of a rubber pad, a polyurethane pad, or a composite damping pad.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, in situations where materials of different particle sizes need to be transported separately to different sampling or washing processes, adjustable guide chutes and adjustable baffle structures are provided. The oversize material from each screen is discharged through an independent chute, with the chute outlet corresponding to a belt conveyor, scraper conveyor, or filling system. The control module 7 acquires real-time load information from downstream equipment. When a certain conveying equipment approaches full load or experiences a short-term blockage, the control center adjusts the opening of the relevant guide chute baffles to temporarily divert some material to an alternative conveying path, preventing local overload and achieving dynamic linkage between the screening system and the downstream conveying system.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, it is shown that by combining structural layering, suspension decoupling, and adaptive control of vibration parameters based on feedforward sensing and feedback correction, efficient screening of coal gangue with different particle size ranges can be achieved under complex working conditions.

[0049] The adaptive sieving control method of the present invention includes the following steps: The coal and gangue mixture enters the multi-layer feeding and screening device from the belt conveyor 8. The feeding sensing unit 11 scans the raw coal flow in real time, establishes a particle size distribution model within the current time window, and obtains the proportion of the three particle size ranges of 6mm-20mm, 20mm-50mm and 50mm-350mm. At the same time, it identifies the moisture content and viscosity grade of the coal flow. The control module 7 independently sets the initial vibration parameters of each screening module based on the particle size distribution and viscosity grade. When the proportion of large materials is high, the first screen is set to a low-frequency, high-amplitude mode, with a preferred vibration frequency of 10Hz-20Hz and an preferred amplitude of 15mm-20mm, to form a strong throwing trajectory and prevent large materials from accumulating and clogging. When the proportion of fine materials is high or the moisture content is high, the third screen is set to a high-frequency, low-amplitude mode, with a preferred vibration frequency of 35Hz-50Hz and a preferred amplitude of 5mm-10mm, to enhance the screening ability of fine materials and reduce the impact on the screen. All the above vibration parameters are limited within the preset safety range, and the parameter combination of different screening layers must meet the upper limit of the overall machine power and the condition of avoiding structural resonance. The particle size detection sensor 6 monitors the screening rate and the particle size composition of each screen in real time, and can perform comprehensive analysis by combining the feed particle size distribution data obtained by the feed sensing unit 11. When coarse material is detected, the control module 7 adjusts the phase difference of the dual-axis vibrator 5 and the variable frequency motor in the corresponding independent variable frequency vibration module to increase the vibration direction angle, reduce the average flow velocity of the material along the screen surface, and increase the frequency of material tumbling on the screen surface. When blockage or continuous decrease in screening throughput is detected, a pulse amplitude jump or controlled resonance vibration mode within the preset safety range is triggered to achieve rapid screen cleaning by briefly increasing the amplitude, reducing the damping, or changing the frequency. After being screened in three layers, materials of different particle sizes are discharged through the collection hoppers 4 corresponding to each screen and transported to the subsequent process units to realize the diversion and utilization of materials of different particle sizes.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0051] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-layer coal and gangue feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptation, characterized in that, include: Multi-layer screening assembly (12), the multi-layer screening assembly (12) is fixedly installed on the frame (1), the multi-layer screening assembly (12) includes screening modules arranged longitudinally on the frame (1), the screening modules operate independently, and the screening particle size of the screening modules decreases step by step from top to bottom; Drive assembly (2), which is fixedly installed on the frame (1) and is connected to the screening module to provide screening power to the screening module; The control component includes an electrically connected control module (7) and a detection module. The control module (7) is electrically connected to the drive component (2). The detection module is used to detect the screening parameters of coal gangue.

2. The multi-layer coal and gangue feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening module includes a first screen, a second screen, and a third screen arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the direction of gravity. During screening, coal gangue passes through the first screen, the second screen, and the third screen sequentially along the direction of gravity.

3. The multi-layer coal and gangue feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first screen has a particle size of 50mm-350mm, the second screen has a particle size of 20mm-50mm, and the third screen has a particle size of 6mm-20mm.

4. The multi-layer coal and gangue feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly (2) includes several variable frequency vibration modules fixedly installed on the frame (1). The several variable frequency vibration modules are electrically connected to the control module (7) and operate independently. The several variable frequency vibration modules are respectively connected to the screening module for transmission.

5. The multi-layer coal and gangue feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The variable frequency vibration module includes a variable frequency motor electrically connected to the control module (7). The variable frequency motor is driven by a phase-adjustable biaxial vibrator (5). The variable frequency motor controls the screening parameters of the screening module through the biaxial vibrator (5).

6. The multi-layer coal and gangue feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptation according to claim 2, characterized in that: Nonlinear elastic buffer strips are respectively provided between the edges of the first screen, the second screen and the third screen and the frame (1), and the nonlinear elastic buffer strips are continuously arranged along the circumference of the first screen, the second screen and the third screen.

7. The multi-layer coal and gangue feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection module includes several particle size sensors electrically connected to the control module (7), and the particle size sensors are respectively set to the discharge ends of the first screen, the second screen and the third screen.

8. The multi-layer coal and gangue feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detection module includes a feed sensing unit (11), which is correspondingly set to the discharge end of the belt conveyor set on the frame (1) and is used to monitor the condition of the coal gangue fed into the first screen.

9. The multi-layer coal and gangue feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A longitudinally arranged baffle plate (13) is provided between adjacent screening modules. The baffle plate (13) forms a guide channel between adjacent screening modules, so that the screened coal gangue falls onto the screening module below.

10. The multi-layer coal and gangue feeding and screening device based on layered vibration adaptation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Interlayer steel column supports are provided between adjacent screening modules, and buffer pads (14) are provided at the connection between the interlayer steel column supports and the screening modules.

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