A method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610874276.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-14
AI Technical Summary
传统处理方式中，食用菌栽培废弃物多被焚烧或堆积，不仅浪费生物质资源，还易引发大气污染、土壤重金属累积等环境问题
[0030]本发明植物促生型有益活性物质是以食用菌栽培废弃物为原料，采用氧化预处理和碱液协同提取得到，这种方法所得的植物促生型有益活性物质富含多糖、腐植酸类、黄酮类等活性成分，相比于传统提取方法活性成分含量更多，活性更高；而且在植物促生型有益活性物质的制备过程中，条件温和，没有使用强化学试剂，避免了强化学试剂对活性物质造成破坏，充分保证了植物促生型有益活性物质的有效成分含量及其活性；通过固液分离可以高效分离产物，最大程度保留活性成分；氧化预处理和碱液提取为连续工艺，减少固液分离步骤，进一步降低活性成分在转移过程中的损失，保障产物生物活性。
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural waste resource utilization technology, and in particular relates to a method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste. Background Technology
[0002] Edible fungi are rich in protein, dietary fiber, and various trace elements, making them a popular health food among consumers. However, with the rapid development of the edible fungi industry, the amount of waste generated from fungi cultivation is gradually increasing. This waste consists of byproducts left over from fungi cultivation, primarily composed of incompletely utilized culture media such as cottonseed hulls and sawdust, abundant mycelium, and metabolic products secreted during mycelial growth. It is rich in various high-value plant growth-promoting components. Traditionally, this waste is often incinerated or piled up, which not only wastes biomass resources but also easily leads to environmental problems such as air pollution and heavy metal accumulation in the soil.
[0003] Currently, hot water extraction and single acid-base extraction methods are mainly used to extract active substances. However, high-temperature treatment or strong acid / base conditions can damage the structure of oxygen-containing functional groups, leading to reduced product bioactivity and the extraction of only some water-soluble or ionic components. A large amount of active substances are encapsulated by lignocellulose and mycelial cell walls, making full release difficult. Furthermore, the extraction process requires multiple solid-liquid separations, resulting in high energy consumption and cumbersome operation. Therefore, developing a high-efficiency, high-preservation-of-active-ingredients, and simple extraction technology for edible fungi cultivation waste is the technical problem this invention aims to solve. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste, aiming to develop an edible fungi cultivation waste extraction technology with high extraction efficiency, good preservation of active ingredients, and simple process.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste, comprising the following steps:
[0007] 1) Raw material preparation: After drying the edible fungus cultivation waste to constant weight, crush it and collect the powder for later use;
[0008] 2) Oxidation pretreatment: Add an appropriate amount of water to the edible fungus cultivation waste powder and stir evenly to obtain a mixed liquid. Then add persulfate to the mixed liquid and react under stirring conditions to obtain a preliminary mixture.
[0009] 3) Alkali extraction: Add alkali to the initial mixture obtained in step 2) and react under stirring conditions to obtain a mixture;
[0010] 4) Separation and post-processing: The mixture from step 3) is subjected to solid-liquid separation, the filtrate is collected, concentrated and dried to obtain plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances.
[0011] This invention discloses a plant growth-promoting beneficial active substance obtained from edible fungi cultivation waste through a combination of oxidation pretreatment and alkaline extraction. This method yields a plant growth-promoting beneficial active substance rich in polysaccharides, humic acids, flavonoids, and other active ingredients, exhibiting higher content and activity compared to traditional extraction methods. Furthermore, the preparation process utilizes mild conditions and avoids the use of strong chemical reagents, thus preventing damage to the active substances and ensuring the high content and activity of the effective components. Solid-liquid separation efficiently separates the product, maximizing the retention of active ingredients. The continuous process of oxidation pretreatment and alkaline extraction reduces solid-liquid separation steps, further minimizing the loss of active ingredients during transfer and ensuring the product's biological activity.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the persulfate includes one or a combination of sodium persulfate and potassium persulfate.
[0013] The persulfate of this invention mainly uses an oxidation and cell wall disruption mechanism to release plant-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste. Specifically, the sulfate free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals generated by the persulfate system have strong oxidizing properties, which can quickly break the glycosidic bonds and ether bonds of lignocellulose in edible fungi cultivation waste, destroy the mycelial cell wall structure, and release the physical encapsulation and chemical binding of the internal active ingredients, thereby fully exposing the active substances.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the edible fungus cultivation waste powder to the persulfate is 100:1~20.
[0015] This invention dries and pulverizes edible fungi cultivation waste into powder, which refines the particle size of the material, increases the specific surface area, and enhances the contact area between the edible fungi cultivation waste and the extractant, ensuring uniformity of subsequent reactions and shortening the extraction time. It also breaks down the cell walls and dense fibrous structure of the edible fungi cultivation waste, allowing the active substances encapsulated inside the tissue to be fully released, which is beneficial to improving the extraction rate and yield. At the same time, it facilitates subsequent solid-liquid separation.
[0016] In a preferred embodiment, in step 2), a catalyst is added to the mixture before the persulfate is added. The catalyst includes one or more combinations of zero-valent iron, ferrous sulfate, ferrous ammonium sulfate, ferrous chloride, ferric oxide, ferric oxide, and oxides or salts of cobalt, nickel, copper, and manganese.
[0017] This invention utilizes a catalyst added to persulfate, which can accelerate the reaction rate and increase the reaction speed.
[0018] In a preferred embodiment, in step 2), the reaction temperature is 20~80℃, the reaction time is 0.5~5h, and the stirring rate is 200~600rpm. This invention uses medium-low temperature treatment to avoid degradation of heat-sensitive components caused by high temperatures.
[0019] In a preferred embodiment, in step 2), the mass concentration of the mixed liquid is 10~250 g / L. This invention dissolves edible fungus cultivation waste powder in water, which allows water to fully dissolve most of the hydrophilic active substances in the powder. Furthermore, water resources are inexpensive and readily available, significantly reducing the production cost of extracting active ingredients.
[0020] In a preferred embodiment, in step 3), the alkaline solution includes one or more combinations of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, and ammonia.
[0021] The alkaline solution of this invention has a pH of 9.0 to 11.0, which can efficiently dissolve exposed active ingredients such as polysaccharides, humic acids and flavonoids, while avoiding the destruction of the conformation of active ingredients by strong alkaline conditions; through alkaline extraction, functional structures can be gently activated and active ingredients can be dissolved.
[0022] In a preferred embodiment, in step 3), the reaction temperature is 20~90℃ and the reaction time is 0.5~4h. This invention improves the yield of active substances by adding an alkaline solution, which can dissolve the active ingredients.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment, in step 1), the pulverized material is further sieved, with a screen mesh size of 40-60 mesh. The edible fungus cultivation waste of this invention is used after pulverization and sieving. The edible fungus cultivation waste has a uniform particle size, a large specific surface area, and a large contact area with the persulfate solution, facilitating the dissolution of active substances.
[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the edible fungus cultivation waste uses sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum, or cottonseed hulls as a substrate.
[0025] The present invention uses sawdust and cottonseed hulls as substrates for edible fungi cultivation waste. The sawdust is rich in cellulose, lignin and carbohydrates, and is an excellent carbon source. The cottonseed hulls contain crude protein, amino acids, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and a variety of trace elements, with sufficient nitrogen. After being decomposed and fermented by edible fungi mycelium, the macromolecular organic matter is degraded, the nutrients are highly readily available, and the crop roots can absorb them quickly, which can promote plant growth, improve soil organic matter and promote plant growth.
[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the edible fungi include oyster mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, king oyster mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, white jade mushrooms, white fungus, black fungus, matsutake mushrooms, porcini mushrooms, bamboo fungus, or reishi mushrooms.
[0027] The waste from edible fungi cultivation is widely available and rich in organic matter, humic acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements. It can loosen the soil, break up soil compaction, regulate soil pH, improve soil fertility, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and promote plant growth. The waste from edible fungi cultivation has sufficient residual nutrients, realizing the recycling of waste and turning waste into treasure.
[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the rotation speed for solid-liquid separation is 3000~5000 r / min, and the centrifugation time is 5~10 min.
[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0030] This invention discloses a plant growth-promoting beneficial active substance obtained from edible fungi cultivation waste through a combination of oxidation pretreatment and alkaline extraction. This method yields a plant growth-promoting beneficial active substance rich in polysaccharides, humic acids, flavonoids, and other active ingredients, exhibiting higher content and activity compared to traditional extraction methods. Furthermore, the preparation process utilizes mild conditions and avoids the use of strong chemical reagents, thus preventing damage to the active substances and ensuring the high content and activity of the effective components. Solid-liquid separation efficiently separates the product, maximizing the retention of active ingredients. The continuous process of oxidation pretreatment and alkaline extraction reduces solid-liquid separation steps, further minimizing the loss of active ingredients during transfer and ensuring the product's biological activity. Detailed Implementation
[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0032] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste, comprising the following steps:
[0033] 1) Raw material preparation: After drying the edible fungus cultivation waste to constant weight, crush it and collect the powder for later use;
[0034] 2) Oxidation pretreatment: Add an appropriate amount of water to the edible fungus cultivation waste powder and stir evenly to obtain a mixed liquid. Then add persulfate to the mixed liquid and react under stirring conditions to obtain a preliminary mixture.
[0035] 3) Alkali extraction: Add alkali to the initial mixture obtained in step 2) and react under stirring conditions to obtain a mixture;
[0036] 4) Separation and post-processing: The mixture from step 3) is subjected to solid-liquid separation, the filtrate is collected, concentrated and dried to obtain plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances.
[0037] Preferably, the persulfate includes one or a combination of sodium persulfate and potassium persulfate.
[0038] Preferably, the mass ratio of the edible fungus cultivation waste powder to the persulfate is 100:1~20.
[0039] Preferably, in step 2), a catalyst is added to the mixture before the persulfate is added. The catalyst includes one or more combinations of zero-valent iron, ferrous sulfate, ferrous ammonium sulfate, ferrous chloride, ferric oxide, ferric oxide, and oxides or salts of cobalt, nickel, copper, and manganese.
[0040] Preferably, in step 2), the reaction temperature is 20~80℃, the reaction time is 0.5~5h, and the stirring rate is 200~600rpm.
[0041] Preferably, in step 2), the mass concentration of the mixed liquid is 10~250g / L.
[0042] Preferably, in step 3), the alkaline solution includes one or more combinations of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, and ammonia.
[0043] Preferably, in step 3), the reaction temperature is 20~90℃ and the reaction time is 0.5~4h.
[0044] Preferably, the edible fungus cultivation waste uses sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum, or cottonseed hulls as a substrate.
[0045] Preferably, the edible fungi include oyster mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, king oyster mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, white jade mushrooms, white fungus, black fungus, matsutake mushrooms, porcini mushrooms, bamboo fungus, or lingzhi mushrooms.
[0046] Example 1:
[0047] Raw material preparation: Take oyster mushroom cultivation waste. The substrate of oyster mushroom cultivation waste includes 78% cottonseed hulls, 20% wheat bran, and 2% gypsum. Place the oyster mushroom cultivation waste in a 60℃ oven and dry it to constant weight. After crushing it with a pulverizer, pass it through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain oyster mushroom cultivation waste dry powder.
[0048] Take 100g of dried powder from oyster mushroom cultivation waste, add 400mL of deionized water, and stir well to obtain a mixed solution; add 15g of sodium persulfate to the mixed solution, and stir in a 40℃ constant temperature water bath at 200 rpm for 1.5h.
[0049] Slowly add 30 mL of a mixed alkaline solution (NaOH and KOH in a molar ratio of 4:3) to the above reaction system to adjust the pH of the system to 10.5; heat to 80℃ and continue stirring the reaction for 2 hours to obtain a mixture;
[0050] After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 min, and the filtrate was collected. The filtrate was light brown. The filtrate was concentrated to a paste at 65 °C and dried to obtain a brown powder product.
[0051] Example 2: Take 100g of dried powder of oyster mushroom cultivation waste, add 400mL of deionized water, and stir evenly to obtain a mixed liquid; add 10g of potassium persulfate to the mixed liquid, and stir in an 80℃ constant temperature water bath for 0.5h at 600 rpm.
[0052] Slowly add 30 mL of a mixed alkaline solution (NaOH and KOH in a molar ratio of 4:3) to the above reaction system to adjust the pH of the system to 11; heat to 90°C and continue stirring the reaction for 0.5 h to obtain a mixture;
[0053] After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min, and the filtrate was collected. The filtrate was light brown. The filtrate was concentrated to a paste at 65 °C and dried to obtain a brown powder product.
[0054] Example 3: Take 100g of dried powder of oyster mushroom cultivation waste, add 400mL of deionized water, and stir evenly to obtain a mixed liquid; add 20g of sodium persulfate to the mixed liquid, and stir in a 20℃ constant temperature water bath for 5h at 260 rpm.
[0055] Slowly add 30 mL of a mixed alkaline solution (NaOH and KOH in a molar ratio of 4:3) to the above reaction system to adjust the pH of the system to 9; heat to 50°C and continue stirring the reaction for 4 hours to obtain a mixture;
[0056] After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 5 min, and the filtrate was collected. The filtrate was light brown. The filtrate was concentrated to a paste at 65 °C and dried to obtain a brown powder product.
[0057] Example 4: The difference from Example 1 is that the raw material is shiitake mushroom cultivation waste, and the shiitake mushroom cultivation waste substrate includes 85% sawdust, 12% wheat bran, and 3% gypsum.
[0058] Example 5: The difference from Example 1 is that the raw material is the waste from king oyster mushroom cultivation. The substrate of king oyster mushroom cultivation waste includes 60% cottonseed hulls, 30% sawdust, 8% wheat bran, and 2% gypsum.
[0059] Comparative Example 1:
[0060] Take 100g of dried powder from oyster mushroom cultivation waste, add 400mL of deionized water, and stir evenly to obtain a mixed liquid; stir at 260 rpm for 3.5h to obtain a mixture; after the reaction is complete, centrifuge the mixture at 4000rpm for 10min and collect the filtrate; concentrate the obtained filtrate at 65℃ to a paste, and dry it to obtain a powdered product.
[0061] Comparative Example 2:
[0062] Take 100g of dried powder from oyster mushroom cultivation waste, add 400mL of deionized water, and stir evenly to obtain a mixed liquid; in a constant temperature water bath at 40℃, stir at 260 rpm for 1.5h to obtain a mixture; raise the temperature to 80℃ and continue stirring for 2h to obtain a mixture; centrifuge the mixture at 4000rpm for 10min and collect the filtrate; concentrate the obtained filtrate to a paste at 65℃ and dry it.
[0063] Comparative Example 3:
[0064] Take 100g of dried powder from oyster mushroom cultivation waste, add 400mL of deionized water, and stir well to obtain a mixed solution; slowly add 30mL of alkali solution (NaOH and KOH in a molar ratio of 4:3) to the above reaction system to adjust the pH of the system to 10.5; heat to 80℃ and continue stirring for 2h to obtain a mixture; centrifuge the mixture at 4000rpm for 10min and collect the filtrate; concentrate the obtained filtrate to a paste at 65℃ and dry it.
[0065] Comparative Example 4: Commercially available mineral-derived fulvic acid.
[0066] Performance Test 1: The total acidic group content was determined using the alkaline dissolution barium chloride precipitation potentiometric titration method. The test results are shown in Table 1 below:
[0067] Table 1 shows the total acidic group content of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4.
[0068]
[0069] As shown in Table 1, the total acidic groups in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were 0 mmol / g, in Comparative Example 3 it was 1.5 mmol / g, in Comparative Example 4 it was 7.2 mmol / g, in Example 1 it was 10.3 mmol / g, in Example 2 it was 8.7 mmol / g, in Example 3 it was 6.5 mmol / g, in Example 4 it was 9.6 mmol / g, and in Example 5 it was 10.1 mmol / g. The total acidic group content of the plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances extracted from edible fungi cultivation waste by the present invention is significantly higher than that of the products of Comparative Examples 1-4. This indicates that the method of extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste by the present invention can effectively remove the physical encapsulation and chemical binding of active ingredients through strong oxidation by persulfate, thereby exposing the active substances. The exposed polysaccharides, flavonoids, humic acids, and other active ingredients are then dissolved through gentle extraction with alkaline solution.
[0070] Performance Test 2: Plant Growth Promotion Effect Test
[0071] A pot experiment was conducted using lettuce as the test crop. Ninety lettuce seedlings with uniform growth at the three-leaf-one-heart stage were selected from the lettuce base and divided into 9 groups of 10 seedlings each. The lettuce was cultured hydroponically, with each of the nine groups of lettuce diluted 500 times with tap water according to Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4. The seedlings were cultured for 14 days, and the plant height, above-ground fresh weight, total root length, and number of root tips were measured.
[0072] Table 2 shows the lettuce growth indicators corresponding to Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4.
[0073]
[0074] As shown in Table 2, the plant height, above-ground fresh weight, total root length, and number of root tips of lettuce in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 treatment groups did not show significant increases. Compared to Comparative Example 1 treatment group, the plant height of lettuce in Comparative Example 3 treatment group increased by 1.7%, the above-ground fresh weight increased by 2.1%, and the total root length and number of root tips did not show significant increases. The plant height of Comparative Example 4 treatment group increased by 18.5%, the above-ground fresh weight increased by 26.8%, the total root length increased by 6.7%, and the number of root tips increased by 8.9%. In Example 1 treatment group, the plant height of lettuce increased by 32.7%, the above-ground fresh weight increased by 45.2%, the total root length increased by 16.5%, and the number of root tips increased by 15.4%. It can be seen that the plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances extracted from edible fungi cultivation waste in this invention can significantly promote the increase of plant height, above-ground fresh weight, total root length, and number of root tips of lettuce plants, showing a comprehensive promoting effect.
[0075] Table 2 also shows that, compared to the control group 1, the lettuce plant height in the control group 2 increased by 30.5%, above-ground fresh weight increased by 41.5%, total root length increased by 13.5%, and root tip number increased by 11.7%; while in the control group 3, the lettuce plant height increased by 20.3%, above-ground fresh weight increased by 30.2%, total root length increased by 8.8%, root tip number increased by 10.5%, and the leaves showed slight scorching. The amount of persulfate significantly affected the product activity, and its effect did not increase linearly with increasing dosage. When the persulfate dosage was 10g and 15g, the product showed better growth-promoting effects. When the dosage increased to 20g, all growth-promoting indicators showed a downward trend, and slight scorching of the plant leaves was observed, possibly due to excessive persulfate leading to the degradation of some active ingredients or the production of inhibitory byproducts.
[0076] Table 2 also shows that, compared to the control group 1, the lettuce plant height in the control group 4 increased by 31.2%, above-ground fresh weight increased by 42.8%, total root length increased by 14.6%, and root tip number increased by 13.1%. In the control group 5, the lettuce plant height increased by 29.6%, above-ground fresh weight increased by 39.4%, total root length increased by 12.9%, and root tip number increased by 11.3%. This indicates that the extraction method provided by this invention can successfully extract highly active substances from the cultivation waste of shiitake and king oyster mushrooms. The obtained product not only has a high total acidic group content but also shows significant effects in promoting plant height and root development. The method of this invention has good universality and stability for various edible fungi cultivation wastes with sawdust, cottonseed hulls, etc., as the main matrix, and can efficiently extract substances with significant plant viability.
[0077] Therefore, compared with the prior art, the plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances of the present invention are obtained by using edible fungi cultivation waste as raw material and employing oxidation pretreatment and alkaline extraction. The plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances obtained by this method are rich in active ingredients such as polysaccharides, humic acids, and flavonoids, with higher content and activity of active ingredients compared with traditional extraction methods. Moreover, the preparation process of plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances is carried out under mild conditions without the use of strong chemical reagents, avoiding damage to the active substances caused by strong chemical reagents and fully ensuring the content and activity of effective components of plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances. Solid-liquid separation can efficiently separate products and retain active ingredients to the maximum extent. Oxidation pretreatment and alkaline extraction are continuous processes, reducing solid-liquid separation steps and further reducing the loss of active ingredients during the transfer process, thus ensuring the biological activity of the product.
[0078] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0079] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Raw material preparation: After drying the edible fungus cultivation waste to constant weight, crush it and collect the powder for later use; 2) Oxidation pretreatment: Add an appropriate amount of water to the edible fungus cultivation waste powder and stir evenly to obtain a mixed liquid. Then add persulfate to the mixed liquid and react under stirring conditions to obtain a preliminary mixture. 3) Alkali extraction: Add alkali to the initial mixture obtained in step 2) and react under stirring conditions to obtain a mixture; 4) Separation and post-processing: The mixture from step 3) is subjected to solid-liquid separation, the filtrate is collected, concentrated and dried to obtain plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances.
2. The method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The persulfate includes one or a combination of sodium persulfate and potassium persulfate.
3. The method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the edible fungus cultivation waste powder to the persulfate is 100:1~20.
4. The method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2), a catalyst is added to the mixture before the persulfate is added. The catalyst includes one or more combinations of zero-valent iron, ferrous sulfate, ferrous ammonium sulfate, ferrous chloride, ferric oxide, ferric oxide, and oxides or salts of cobalt, nickel, copper, and manganese.
5. The method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2), the reaction temperature is 20~80℃, the reaction time is 0.5~5h, and the stirring rate is 200~600rpm.
6. The method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2), the mass concentration of the mixed liquid is 1~25g / L.
7. The method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3), the alkaline solution includes one or more combinations of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, and ammonia.
8. The method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3), the reaction temperature is 20~90℃ and the reaction time is 0.5~4h.
9. The method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste from edible fungi cultivation uses sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum, or cottonseed hulls as a substrate.
10. The method for extracting plant growth-promoting beneficial active substances from edible fungi cultivation waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edible fungi include oyster mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, king oyster mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, white jade mushrooms, silver ear fungus, black fungus, matsutake mushrooms, porcini mushrooms, bamboo fungus, or lingzhi mushrooms.