Flood discharge device for water conservancy projects

Abstract

The application discloses a flood releasing device for hydraulic engineering, which comprises a flood releasing base, a water retaining wall and a flood releasing gate, a flood releasing groove is formed in the flood releasing base, the flood releasing gate is arranged on one side of the flood releasing groove, the flood releasing gate comprises a gate, a portal frame, a screw rod, a driving assembly and a hand wheel, a flood releasing hole is formed in the gate, the portal frame is fixedly arranged on the top of the flood releasing base, a sliding groove is formed in the portal frame and the flood releasing base, and the gate is slidably connected with the sliding groove. The flood releasing device for hydraulic engineering integrates a separate opening and closing assembly on the main gate, when only small flow needs to be released, the heavy main gate does not need to be driven, and only by controlling the opening degree of the cover gate, stepless and fine adjustment of the flow can be realized, the operation response is fast, the energy consumption is low, when large flow needs to be released, the cover gate can be closed first, then the main gate is lifted, full opening degree flow releasing is realized, and the flexibility and working condition adaptability of the flood releasing operation are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, and in particular to flood discharge equipment for water conservancy projects. Background Technology

[0002] Flood discharge facilities in water conservancy projects are essential components for ensuring the safe operation of hydraulic structures such as dams and dikes. Their function is to discharge floodwaters exceeding reservoir capacity or safe water level limits in a timely and controllable manner, preventing catastrophic consequences such as overtopping and dam failure caused by excessively high water levels. Traditional flood discharge gates mainly employ flat gates or arc-shaped gates, which are raised and lowered as a whole through power devices such as winches and hydraulic hoists to adjust the size of the flow cross-section. However, existing conventional flood discharge equipment has revealed many technical limitations in actual operation. First, many water conservancy projects often only need to release a small amount of water during non-flood seasons or when regulating downstream ecological flow. Frequent opening and closing of large main gates for this purpose is not only cumbersome and energy-intensive, but also makes it difficult to achieve precise and continuous flow regulation. Frequent large-stroke opening and closing also accelerates the wear of sealing components, affecting equipment lifespan. Second, the reliability and safety of the drive system need improvement. Common pure electric or pure hydraulic drive systems may face the risk of being unable to open or close gates in emergencies due to extreme weather causing power outages or hydraulic system failures, posing safety hazards. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new flood discharge device for water conservancy projects to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a flood discharge device for water conservancy projects. The present invention provides a flood discharge device for water conservancy projects, including a flood discharge base, a water retaining wall, and a flood discharge gate; A flood discharge channel is provided on the flood discharge base, and a flood discharge gate is provided on one side of the flood discharge channel; The floodgate includes a gate, a gantry frame, a screw, a drive assembly, and a handwheel; The gate is equipped with a flood discharge hole; The gantry frame is fixedly installed on the top of the flood discharge base. Both the gantry frame and the flood discharge base are provided with sliding grooves, and the gate is slidably connected to the sliding grooves. The top of the gate is rotatably connected to the screw, the top of the gantry is rotatably connected to the handwheel, and the handwheel is threadedly connected to the screw; The drive assembly is provided between the gantry frame and the screw. Preferably, the drive assembly includes a motor, a rotating sleeve, a worm gear, and a worm. The motor is fixedly mounted on the gantry frame, and its output shaft is connected to the worm gear. The rotating sleeve is rotatably connected to the gantry frame and threadedly connected to the screw. The worm gear is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve and meshes with the worm. Preferably, it also includes an opening and closing assembly, which includes a cover, a first hinge seat, a hydraulic cylinder, and a second hinge seat; The cover is hinged to the gate and covers the flood discharge hole; The first hinge seat is fixedly installed on the gate, and the second hinge seat is fixedly installed on the cover door; The two ends of the hydraulic cylinder are respectively hinged to the first hinge seat and the second hinge seat. Preferably, a sealing strip is provided between the gate and the slide groove. Preferably, the gate is provided with sliding components on both sides that cooperate with the sliding groove. Preferably, the sliding assembly includes mounting grooves on both sides of the gate, and a plurality of rollers are rotatably connected in the mounting grooves, the rollers being disposed in contact with the sliding grooves. Preferably, the flood discharge base and the water retaining wall are integrally cast with reinforced concrete, and reinforcing ribs are provided between the flood discharge base and the water retaining wall. Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the flood discharge channel is such that the opening diameter increases sequentially from the side closest to the flood discharge gate to the other side, and the middle part has a convex structure. Preferably, the gantry frame is equipped with a ladder. Compared with related technologies, the flood discharge equipment for water conservancy projects provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention achieves precise, flexible, and efficient flood discharge control at different levels. It integrates independent opening and closing components on the main gate, forming a dual control mode that combines "overall lifting and lowering of the main gate" with "partial opening and closing of the cover gate." When only a small flow is needed for discharge, there is no need to drive the bulky main gate. The flow can be steplessly and precisely adjusted simply by controlling the opening of the cover gate. The operation is fast and energy consumption is low. When a large flow is needed for flood discharge, the cover gate can be closed first, and then the main gate can be raised to achieve full opening for discharge. This enhances the flexibility and adaptability of flood discharge operations and meets the needs of modern refined water resource management. This invention constructs a multi-drive and safety guarantee mechanism. It adopts a composite drive system that includes an electric worm gear drive and a manual screw handwheel drive. The electric drive is transmitted through the worm gear pair, which has the characteristics of smooth transmission and reliable self-locking. This ensures that the gate can be safely locked in any position to prevent it from sliding down when power is lost. At the same time, the independently set handwheel drive mechanism serves as a backup. In the event of a power failure or emergency, the gate can be opened and closed manually, providing a crucial emergency safety guarantee. This overcomes the limitations of a single drive method and significantly improves the reliability of the equipment under extreme working conditions. It significantly reduces operating resistance and equipment wear, and extends service life. By setting sliding components with rollers on both sides of the gate, the traditional sliding friction is transformed into rolling friction, which greatly reduces the resistance during the gate lifting process, making opening and closing easier and smoother, and reducing the driving power requirement. The rollers effectively avoid direct scraping between the gate plate and the slide, reducing the wear of both. Combined with the sealing strip, it ensures good water-stopping effect while also reducing friction damage. The structure, which integrates the flood discharge base and the retaining wall with reinforced concrete and incorporates internal reinforcing ribs, greatly enhances the overall rigidity and impact resistance, effectively disperses stress, and improves structural safety. At the same time, the unique "gradually expanding combined with central convexity" cross-sectional design of the flood discharge channel conforms to the laws of water flow, guides the smooth diffusion of water flow, reduces eddies and pulsating pressure, lowers the risk of cavitation and scouring damage, protects the flow components, and improves the discharge efficiency and durability of the facility. Attached Figure Description

[0004] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the flood discharge equipment for water conservancy projects provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the flood discharge equipment for water conservancy projects provided by the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the floodgate provided by the present invention; Figure 4 Provided by the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the flood discharge base provided by the present invention; Figure 6 Provided by the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B. Numbered in the diagram: 1. Flood discharge base; 2. Retaining wall; 3. Flood discharge gate; 4. Flood discharge channel; 5. Gate; 6. Gantry frame; 7. Screw; 8. Handwheel; 9. Sealing strip; 10. Flood discharge hole; 11. Slide groove; 12. Motor; 13. Rotating sleeve; 14. Worm gear; 15. Cover gate; 16. First hinge seat; 17. Hydraulic cylinder; 18. Second hinge seat; 19. Reinforcing rib; 20. Mounting groove; 21. Roller; 22. Worm gear; 23. Ladder. Detailed Implementation

[0005] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the specific implementation process, such as Figures 1-6As shown, the flood discharge equipment for water conservancy projects includes a flood discharge base 1, a water retaining wall 2, and a flood discharge gate 3. The flood discharge base 1 and the water retaining wall 2 are integrally cast from high-strength reinforced concrete. Reinforcing ribs 19 are pre-embedded and cast at the joint between the two to form a whole that can effectively resist the huge thrust of the water flow and the uneven settlement of the foundation, ensuring the long-term safety and stability of the engineering structure. A flood discharge channel 4 is provided through the flood discharge base 1 along the direction of water flow. The cross-sectional shape of the flood discharge channel 4 gradually increases in width and depth from the inner side (upstream water-facing side) near the flood discharge gate 3 to the outer side (downstream outlet) away from the flood discharge gate 3, forming a diffusion section. At the same time, the middle part of the channel bottom has a gentle longitudinal convex structure, which can optimize the water flow pattern, guide the water flow to transition smoothly, reduce eddies and negative pressure areas, improve the discharge efficiency, and reduce cavitation and scouring damage to the bottom and side walls of the channel. The floodgate 3 is located at the upstream port of the flood discharge channel 4. It includes a gantry frame 6, which is installed on the top of the flood discharge base 1 by pre-embedded bolts. A ladder 23 made of anti-slip steel plate is welded and fixed on the column of the gantry frame 6, allowing workers to climb to the top platform of the gantry frame for operation and maintenance. Vertical grooves 11 are machined on the two inner columns of the gantry frame 6 and on the flood discharge base 1 corresponding to the running trajectory of the gate 5. The gate 5 is a heavy steel gate plate that matches the width of the groove 11, with its two side edges embedded in the groove 11. Longitudinal mounting grooves 20 are machined on the two side walls of the gate 5. Several rows of rollers 21 are installed in the grooves through bearings to form a sliding assembly. The rollers 21 form rolling contact with the groove wall of the groove 11, reducing frictional resistance. At the same time, a weather-resistant rubber sealing strip 9 is embedded on the side of the gate 5. When the gate falls to the closed position, the sealing strip 9 is tightly compressed in the groove 11 to achieve a reliable dynamic seal and prevent water from leaking from the gap. The top center of the gate 5 is rotatably connected to the lower end of a vertical screw 7 via a spherical bearing capable of withstanding axial force. The upper section of the screw 7 passes through a guide sleeve fixed to the center of the crossbeam of the gantry frame 6. A handwheel 8 is installed at the top of the crossbeam of the gantry frame 6 via a bearing seat. The center of the handwheel 8 is machined with an internal thread hole, which forms a threaded transmission pair with the screw 7. When the power is off, the operator can turn the handwheel 8. Since the screw 7 cannot rotate due to the weight of the gate and the constraint of the slide groove 11, the rotation of the handwheel 8 will be converted into a linear lifting and lowering motion of the screw 7 and the gate 5 as a whole, realizing manual opening and closing. To achieve automated and labor-saving operation, this embodiment includes a self-locking drive assembly, comprising a waterproof geared motor 12, a rotating sleeve 13, a worm gear 22, and a worm 14. The motor 12 is fixed to the crossbeam of the gantry frame 6 via a base. The rotating sleeve 13 is rotatably supported in a bearing seat inside the crossbeam of the gantry frame 6 via rolling bearings. It has an internal thread machined at its center, forming a threaded transmission pair with the screw 7. The worm gear 22 is fixedly mounted on the outer cylindrical surface of the rotating sleeve 13. The output shaft of the motor 12 is horizontally positioned, and its end is connected to the worm 14 via a coupling. The worm 14 meshes with the worm gear 22, forming a worm gear reduction mechanism with reverse self-locking characteristics. When electric operation is required, the motor 12 is started, and the motor 12 drives the worm gear 14 to rotate, which in turn drives the worm wheel 22 and the rotating sleeve 13 fixed thereto to rotate together. Similarly, since the screw 7 itself is restricted from rotation, the rotational motion of the rotating sleeve 13 is converted into the linear lifting motion of the screw 7 and the gate 5 through the threaded pair. The worm gear mechanism not only provides smooth and powerful transmission, but its inherent self-locking characteristics also ensure that when the motor stops, the gate can be stably suspended in any position and will not slide down on its own due to water pressure. To further enhance the flexibility of flood discharge control, this embodiment integrates a hydraulic opening and closing assembly on the gate 5. A flood discharge hole 10 is provided in the upper middle part of the gate 5 plate. A steel cover 15 is hinged to one side of the flood discharge hole 10 by a heavy-duty hinge. The cover 15 covers the flood discharge hole 10 and leaves a compression allowance. A first hinge seat 16 is welded on the surface of the gate 5 plate above the flood discharge hole 10. A second hinge seat 18 is welded on the back side of the cover 15. The two ends of the hydraulic cylinder 17 are hinged to the first hinge seat 16 and the second hinge seat 18 respectively by pins. The working process of this embodiment is as follows: Small-flow flood discharge or ecological water release: The control system commands the hydraulic station to drive the cylinder 17 to retract, the cylinder 17 pulls the second hinge seat 18, and drives the cover door 15 to rotate around its hinge axis to open, thereby opening the flood discharge hole 10. For large-flow flood discharge or full opening: First, control the hydraulic cylinder 17 to extend fully, push the cover gate 15 back and tightly close it on the flood discharge hole 10. Then, start the motor 12 (or turn the handwheel 8) to lift the entire gate 5 to the predetermined height through the drive assembly. The main channel of the flood discharge channel 4 is opened to achieve flood discharge at the designed flow rate. Complete shutdown of the equipment: The drive assembly lowers the gate 5 to the bottom of the flood discharge channel 4, ensuring that the sealing strip 9 is pressed tightly and sealed. At the same time, it is confirmed that the cover 15 is in the closed state. At this time, the equipment completely blocks the water flow. Maintenance operations: Workers can safely reach the top platform of the gantry 6 via ladder 23 to perform routine inspections, add grease, or carry out necessary maintenance work on parts such as handwheel 8 and drive components. All standard parts used in this invention can be purchased from the market. Each component in this invention can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each component adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts, and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art. The control method is automatic control through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by those skilled in the art through simple programming, which is common knowledge in the field. Furthermore, since this invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, this application document will not explain the control method and circuit connection in detail, and will not be described in detail here. The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flood discharge device for water conservancy projects, characterized in that, It includes a flood discharge base (1), a water retaining wall (2), and a flood discharge gate (3); A flood discharge channel (4) is provided on the flood discharge base (1), and a flood discharge gate (3) is provided on one side of the flood discharge channel (4). The floodgate (3) includes a gate (5), a gantry frame (6), a screw (7), a drive assembly, and a handwheel (8). The gate (5) is provided with a flood discharge hole (10); The gantry frame (6) is fixedly installed on the top of the flood discharge base (1). Both the gantry frame (6) and the flood discharge base (1) are provided with sliding grooves (11). The gate (5) is slidably connected to the sliding grooves (11). The top of the gate (5) is rotatably connected to the screw (7), the top of the gantry (6) is rotatably connected to the handwheel (8), and the handwheel (8) is threadedly connected to the screw (7); The drive assembly is provided between the gantry (6) and the screw (7).

2. The flood discharge equipment for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a motor (12), a rotating sleeve (13), a worm gear (22), and a worm (14). The motor (12) is fixedly installed on the gantry (6), and its output shaft is connected to the worm gear (14). The rotating sleeve (13) is rotatably connected to the gantry frame (6) and threadedly connected to the screw (7); The worm gear (22) is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve (13) and meshes with the worm (14).

3. The flood discharge equipment for water conservancy projects according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes an opening and closing assembly, which includes a cover (15), a first hinge seat (16), a hydraulic cylinder (17), and a second hinge seat (18). The cover (15) is hinged to the gate (5) and covers the flood discharge hole (10). The first hinge seat (16) is fixedly installed on the gate (5), and the second hinge seat (18) is fixedly installed on the cover (15); The two ends of the cylinder (17) are respectively hinged to the first hinge seat (16) and the second hinge seat (18).

4. The flood discharge equipment for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing strip (9) is provided between the gate (5) and the slide (11).

5. The flood discharge equipment for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gate (5) is provided with sliding components on both sides that cooperate with the slide groove (11).

6. The flood discharge equipment for water conservancy projects according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sliding assembly includes mounting grooves (20) on both sides of the gate (5), and a plurality of rollers (21) are rotatably connected in the mounting grooves (20), and the rollers (21) are abutting against the sliding grooves (11).

7. The flood discharge equipment for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flood discharge base (1) and the water retaining wall (2) are integrally cast with reinforced concrete, and a reinforcing rib (19) is provided between the flood discharge base (1) and the water retaining wall (2).

8. The flood discharge equipment for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the flood discharge channel (4) is such that the opening diameter increases sequentially from the side closest to the flood discharge gate (3) to the other side, and the middle part has a convex structure.

9. The flood discharge equipment for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, A ladder (23) is provided on the gantry frame (6).

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