Pneumatic single-point pressurizing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a grinding and polishing machine, in particular to a pneumatic single-point pressurizing device, which is characterized in that an axial vertical single-point pressurizing air cavity is arranged in a roller corresponding to each sample, a piston is matched in each single-point pressurizing air cavity, the lower end of each piston is fixedly connected with an air cylinder rod, and the lower end of each air cylinder rod is fixedly connected with a single-point pressurizing finger; the upper end face of the roller is provided with an annular gas circuit connecting the single-point pressurizing gas cavities in series, at least one axial gas circuit is formed in the floating sleeve, a radial gas circuit communicated with the axial gas circuit is formed in the driven wheel, the upper end of the axial gas circuit is connected with a high-pressure gas circuit, and the outer end of the radial gas circuit is communicated with the annular gas circuit. The utility model has a simple and effective airflow system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a grinding and polishing machine, in particular to a pneumatic single-point pressurizing device. Background Art

[0002] The existing pressurization methods of metallographic grinding and polishing machines are: 1. Manually press the sample on the grinding and polishing disc, which is inefficient. 2. Use a cylinder or motor to press the sample on the grinding and polishing disc through the main shaft for central pressurization, which is prone to uneven pressurization.

[0003] The Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN207255975U discloses a high-efficiency multi-point pressurized automatic metallographic grinding and polishing machine, on which a pressurizing device is provided corresponding to each sample loading hole on the upper spindle. It is specifically disclosed that the pressurizing device includes a pressurizing cylinder and a pressurizing head fixed in a rotating sleeve; the pressurizing cylinder is connected to the air path in the upper spindle through an air pipe. However, since the specification and the drawings in the specification do not disclose how the air pipe of each pressurizing cylinder is arranged, nor how it is connected to the air path in the spindle, a person skilled in the art cannot implement the technical solution through the contents recorded in the patent specification. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the technical problem or one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a pneumatic single-point pressurizing device, and the technical solution adopted is:

[0005] A pneumatic single-point pressurizing device comprises a base which is fixed with a lifting platform. Different from the prior art, the base is internally rotatably connected with a floating sleeve, the lower end of the floating sleeve is fixedly connected with a driven wheel, the lower end of the driven wheel is fixedly connected with a roller, a loading shaft with a non-circular circumference is slidably matched in the roller, the upper end of the loading shaft is fixedly connected with the base, and the lower end is connected with a sample clamping disk, a plurality of samples are arranged floatingly up and down on the sample clamping disk, an axially vertical single-point pressurizing air cavity is opened in the roller corresponding to each sample, each single-point pressurizing air cavity is matched with a piston, the lower end of each piston is fixedly connected with a cylinder rod, and the lower end of the cylinder rod is fixedly connected with a single-point pressurizing finger; an annular air path is opened on the upper end surface of the roller to connect each single-point pressurizing air cavity in series, at least one axial air path is opened in the floating sleeve, a radial air path communicating with the axial air path is opened in the driven wheel, the upper end of the axial air path is connected with the high-pressure air path, and the outer end of the radial air path is connected with the annular air path.

[0006] Furthermore, the lower end of each single-point pressurized air cavity is closed by a sealing sleeve, the sealing sleeve is clearance-matched with the cylinder rod, and a spring is sleeved on the cylinder rod between the sealing sleeve and the piston.

[0007] Furthermore, a motor with its axis in the vertical direction is fixed on the base, a driving wheel is fixed on the output shaft of the motor; and belts are wound around the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper end of the loading shaft is fixedly connected to the base through a bridging block, one end of the bridging block is fixedly connected to the base through a screw hole, and the other end is rotatably connected to the loading shaft through a transfer hole, and the bridging block is axially fixed to the loading shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the bridging block is a rectangular block as a whole, and the middle parts of the two side surfaces are recessed inward to form a groove; the strain gauge of the strain type pressure sensor is firmly attached to the upper surface or the lower surface of the bridging block and spans the groove, and the calculation module converts the pressure attenuation value transmitted by the strain type pressure sensor into the corresponding grinding amount.

[0010] Furthermore, an adjustment / protection screw sleeve is threadedly connected near the upper end of the loading shaft, the adjustment / protection screw sleeve has an upward opening and an inner cavity with multiple wave springs sleeved on the loading shaft, and conical washers and needle roller thrust bearings are sequentially sleeved on the loading shafts above and below the corresponding bridge block; the uppermost wave spring abuts against the lower surface of the needle roller thrust bearing below the bridge block, and the lowermost wave spring abuts against the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the adjustment / protection screw sleeve; a locking nut is threadedly connected to the loading shaft above the upper needle roller thrust bearing.

[0011] Furthermore, one or more annular grooves are provided at the upper and lower ends of the floating sleeve, and sealing rings are installed in the annular grooves for sealing.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper and lower ends of the axial air path are blocked by screwed plungers, an air inlet communicated with the axial air path is radially opened at the upper end near the floating sleeve, an air inlet nozzle is installed on the base corresponding to the air inlet, a sealing ring is provided between the floating sleeve and the base, the air inlet nozzle is communicated with the air inlet, and the air inlet nozzle is connected to the high-pressure air path; an air outlet communicated with the axial air path is radially opened at the upper end near the floating sleeve, and the air outlet is communicated with the inner end of the radial air path.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effect of the utility model is that a simple and effective air flow system is formed by utilizing the axial air path in the floating sleeve and the radial air path in the driven wheel, combined with the annular air path at the upper end of the roller. This system can adjust the pressure as needed, so that each sample can obtain independent and accurate pressure control, which not only improves the accuracy but also reduces the problem of uneven pressurization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Front view of .

[0016] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 sectional view of .

[0017] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bridging block of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 5 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjusting / protecting screw sleeve, a conical washer and a needle roller thrust shaft.

[0019] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the floating sleeve and the driven wheel of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 sectional view of .

[0021] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings.

[0023] like Figure 1-5 The pneumatic single-point pressurizing device shown in the figure comprises a base 101 which is fixedly connected to a lifting platform 100, a floating sleeve 107 which is rotatably connected inside the base 101, a driven wheel 123 which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the floating sleeve 107, a non-circular loading shaft 122 which is slidably matched inside the floating sleeve 107, the upper end of the loading shaft 122 is fixedly connected to the base 101, and the lower end is connected to a sample clamping plate 113, a plurality of samples 300 are arranged on the sample clamping plate 113 in a floating manner up and down, and an axial vertical shaft 122 is provided in the roller 108 corresponding to each sample 300. A straight single-point pressurized air cavity 116, each of which is equipped with a piston 117, the lower end of each piston 117 is fixedly connected to a cylinder rod 121, and the lower end of the cylinder rod 121 is fixedly connected to the single-point pressurized finger 114; an annular air path 118 is provided on the upper end surface of the roller 108 to connect each single-point pressurized air cavity 116 in series, at least one axial air path 119 is provided in the floating sleeve 107, a radial air path 120 communicating with the axial air path 119 is provided in the driven wheel 123, the upper end of the axial air path 119 is connected to the high-pressure air path, and the outer end of the radial air path 120 is connected to the annular air path 118.

[0024] The base 101 is integrally connected with the lifting platform 100, so that the height of the pressurizing device can be adjusted as needed. After replacing the fixed sample clamping disk, it can be changed to the central pressurizing mode. In the central pressurizing mode, the given amplitude of the lifting platform 100 is lowered to provide a corresponding amount of pressure to adapt to different needs and environments. The floating sleeve 107 connected to the base 101 and the roller 108 connected to the outside provide the system rotation requirements. The upper end of the loading shaft 122 is fixedly connected to the base 101, and the lower end is connected to the sample clamping disk 113, which provides a stable and reliable structure to maintain uniform pressure and can easily replace or adjust the sample. The combination of the axially vertical single-point pressurizing air chamber 116 in the roller 108 and the piston 117 can accurately control the single-point pressure of each sample 300. By changing the size of the air pressure, the pressure on the sample is adjusted, thereby meeting the needs of grinding and polishing. The single-point pressurizing finger 114 fixed to the lower end of each piston 117 has good operability and is easy to operate, making the movement more precise. By combining the annular air path 118 on the upper end surface of the roller 108, the axial air path 119 in the floating sleeve 107 and the radial air path 120 in the driven wheel 123, an efficient air flow system is constructed, which can accurately adjust and control the pressure to meet different sample processing requirements.

[0025] A further preferred solution of the utility model is that the lower end of each single-point pressurized air cavity 116 is closed by a sealing sleeve 109, the sealing sleeve 109 is clearance-matched with the cylinder rod 121, and a spring 110 is sleeved on the cylinder rod 121 between the sealing sleeve 109 and the piston 117. The lower end of each single-point pressurized air cavity 116 is closed by the sealing sleeve 109, which can effectively prevent pressure leakage, ensure the stable operation of the system, reduce the energy loss caused by pressure leakage, and improve the working efficiency of the system. The spring 110 can not only automatically reset the single-point pressurized finger 114, but also play a role in buffering and shockproofing. When the air pressure changes suddenly or an impact force is generated, the spring can absorb part of the energy to protect the equipment from damage. At the same time, it can also make the equipment move more smoothly when starting or stopping quickly, reduce noise, and improve the life and stability of the equipment.

[0026] The rotation of the system is realized by the following structure: a motor 111 with a vertical axis is fixed on the base 101, a driving wheel 112 is fixed on the output shaft of the motor 111; a belt 115 is wound around the driving wheel 111 and the driven wheel 123. This structure makes the power transmission more direct and efficient, avoids the power loss caused by the interval between components, and also reduces the size of the equipment and simplifies the structure. At the same time, the elasticity of the belt can also absorb and reduce the impact caused by load changes or other reasons to a certain extent, protecting the safety of key components such as the motor and the drum.

[0027] The upper end of the loading shaft 122 is fixedly connected to the base 101 through the bridge block 102. One end of the bridge block 102 is fixedly connected to the base 101 through the screw hole 1022, and the other end is rotatably connected to the loading shaft 122 through the adapter hole 1021. The bridge block 102 is axially fixed to the loading shaft 122. The bridge block 102 is a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole, and the middle of the two side surfaces is inwardly concave to form a groove 1023; the strain gauge of the strain pressure sensor is firmly attached to the upper surface or lower surface of the bridge block 102 and spans the groove 1023. The calculation module converts the pressure attenuation value transmitted by the strain pressure sensor into the corresponding grinding amount. An adjusting / protective screw sleeve 103 is screwed to the upper end near the loading shaft 122. The adjusting / protective screw sleeve 103 opens upward and has an inner cavity with a plurality of wave springs 104 sleeved on the loading shaft 122. Conical washers 105 and needle roller thrust bearings 106 are sleeved on the loading shafts 122 above and below the corresponding bridging block 102 in sequence; the uppermost wave spring 104 abuts against the lower surface of the needle roller thrust bearing 106 below the bridging block 102, and the lowermost wave spring 104 abuts against the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the adjusting / protective screw sleeve 103; a locking nut is screwed to the loading shaft 122 above the upper needle roller thrust bearing 106.

[0028] By installing the pressure sensor on the bridge block, the pressure change of the grinding and polishing head module during the grinding and polishing process is monitored in real time, thereby indirectly obtaining the data of the grinding amount in real time, reducing the time loss and sample damage risk caused by downtime measurement, and improving work efficiency. The grinding pressure attenuation value collected by the pressure sensor can accurately reflect the slight change of the grinding amount, thereby greatly improving the measurement accuracy and meeting the requirements of metallographic grinding and polishing at the micron level. The bridge block is fixed to the base at one end and rotatably connected to the loading shaft at the other end. This design allows the grinding and polishing head module to rotate and slide up and down easily, and ensures the stable installation of the pressure sensor, improving the structural stability and work efficiency of the device. The real-time acquisition of grinding amount data allows the system to adjust the grinding and polishing parameters according to the real-time feedback of the grinding amount, achieving more accurate grinding and polishing control, thereby improving the quality of the metallographic sample. The adjustment / protection screw sleeve at the upper end of the loading shaft not only ensures the safety of the equipment during the grinding and polishing process, but also provides convenient adjustment opportunities. Most importantly, it effectively prevents lubricating oil from penetrating into the equipment, ensuring the normal operation of the equipment and the working condition of the internal precision accessories. The wave spring coil in the inner cavity can ensure the continuous pressure of the loading shaft. The design of the conical washer and needle roller thrust shaft on the loading shaft enhances the stability of the equipment, especially when performing high-precision operations.

[0029] The upper and lower ends of the floating sleeve 107 are provided with one or more annular grooves 124, and sealing rings are installed in the annular grooves 124 for sealing. The upper and lower ends of the axial gas path 119 are blocked by screwed plungers 126, and an air inlet 125 communicating with the axial gas path 119 is radially provided at the upper end near the floating sleeve 107, and an air inlet nozzle is installed on the base 101 corresponding to the air inlet 125, and a sealing ring is provided between the floating sleeve 107 and the base 101, and the air inlet nozzle is communicated with the air inlet 125, and the air inlet nozzle is connected to the high-pressure gas path; an air outlet 127 communicating with the axial gas path 119 is radially provided at the upper end near the floating sleeve 107, and the air outlet 127 is communicated with the inner end of the radial gas path 120.

[0030] When performing grinding or polishing operations, the sample clamping disk rotates driven by the loading shaft, so that each sample 300 on the clamping disk 113 also produces a rotating motion. At this time, the high-pressure gas source enters the axial gas path in the floating sleeve through the high-pressure gas path, and enters the annular gas path opened on the upper end surface of the roller through the radial gas path. From the annular gas path, the gas enters each single-point pressurized air cavity. The high-pressure gas presses the piston downward. A cylinder rod is fixed to the lower end of the piston, and a single-point pressurizing finger is fixed to the lower end of the cylinder rod. Therefore, when the high-pressure gas pushes the piston downward, the single-point pressurizing finger will also move downward. The single-point pressurizing finger moves with the movement of the cylinder rod, and its downward pressing action will act on the sample, so that each sample is subjected to pressure. Since the sample floats up and down on the clamping disk, each sample can also be adjusted up and down autonomously during the pressure process to achieve self-adaptation during the grinding process. This pneumatic single-point pressurizing device realizes the functions of rotary grinding and single-point pressurizing through precise pneumatic and mechanical design. It can not only ensure uniform grinding, but also perform precise pressure control according to the specific conditions of each sample.

[0031] The detailed description of the utility model is based on the embodiments, but it should be understood that the utility model is not limited to these specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various modifications or improvements can be made to the utility model based on the contents disclosed in this specification, and all these modifications or improvements should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A pneumatic single-point pressurizing device, comprising a base (101) integrally formed with a lifting platform (100), characterized in that: The base (101) is internally rotatably connected to a floating sleeve (107), the lower end of the floating sleeve (107) is fixedly connected to a driven wheel (123), the lower end of the driven wheel (123) is fixedly connected to a roller (108), a non-circular loading shaft (122) is slidably matched in the roller (108), the upper end of the loading shaft (122) is fixedly connected to the base (101), and the lower end is connected to a sample clamping plate (113), a plurality of samples (300) are arranged on the sample clamping plate (113) in a floating manner up and down, an axially vertical single-point pressurized air cavity (116) is opened in the roller (108) corresponding to each sample (300), and each single-point pressurized air cavity (116) is provided with a plurality of samples (300) in a floating manner up and down. A piston (117) is fitted in the cavity (116), the lower end of each piston (117) is fixedly connected to a cylinder rod (121), and the lower end of the cylinder rod (121) is fixedly connected to a single-point pressurizing finger (114); an annular air path (118) is provided on the upper end surface of the roller (108) to connect each single-point pressurizing air cavity (116) in series, at least one axial air path (119) is provided in the floating sleeve (107), a radial air path (120) in communication with the axial air path (119) is provided in the driven wheel (123), the upper end of the axial air path (119) is connected to the high-pressure air path, and the outer end of the radial air path (120) is connected to the annular air path (118).

2. A pneumatic single-point pressurizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of each single-point pressurized air cavity (116) is closed by a sealing sleeve (109), the sealing sleeve (109) and the cylinder rod (121) are clearance-matched, and a spring (110) is sleeved on the cylinder rod (121) between the sealing sleeve (109) and the piston (117).

3. A pneumatic single-point pressurizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A motor (111) with an axial direction in a vertical direction is fixedly mounted on the base (101); a driving wheel (112) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor (111); and a belt (115) is wound around the driving wheel (112) and the driven wheel (123).

4. A pneumatic single-point pressurizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the loading shaft (122) is fixedly connected to the base (101) via a bridging block (102); one end of the bridging block (102) is fixedly connected to the base (101) via a screw hole (1022), and the other end is rotatably connected to the loading shaft (122) via a transfer hole (1021); the bridging block (102) and the loading shaft (122) are axially fixed.

5. A pneumatic single-point pressurizing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bridging block (102) is a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole, and the middle parts of the two side surfaces are recessed inward to form a groove (1023); the strain gauge of the strain type pressure sensor is firmly adhered to the upper surface or the lower surface of the bridging block (102) and spans the groove (1023), and the calculation module converts the pressure attenuation value transmitted by the strain type pressure sensor into the corresponding grinding amount.

6. A pneumatic single-point pressurizing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end of the loading shaft (122) is threadedly connected to an adjustment / protection screw sleeve (103); the adjustment / protection screw sleeve (103) is opened upward and has a plurality of wave springs (104) sleeved on the loading shaft (122) in the inner cavity; conical washers (105) and needle roller thrust bearings (106) are sleeved in sequence on the loading shafts (122) above and below the corresponding bridge block (102); the wave spring (104) of the uppermost layer abuts against the lower surface of the needle roller thrust bearing (106) below the bridge block (102); the wave spring (104) of the lowermost layer abuts against the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the adjustment / protection screw sleeve (103); and a locking nut is threadedly connected to the loading shaft (122) above the upper needle roller thrust bearing (106).

7. A pneumatic single-point pressurizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One or more annular grooves (124) are provided at the upper and lower ends of the floating sleeve (107), and sealing rings are installed in the annular grooves (124) for sealing.

8. A pneumatic single-point pressurizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the axial gas path (119) are blocked by a screw-connected plunger (126); an air inlet (125) communicating with the axial gas path (119) is radially opened at the upper end near the floating sleeve (107); an air inlet nozzle is installed on the base (101) corresponding to the air inlet (125); a sealing ring is provided between the floating sleeve (107) and the base (101); the air inlet nozzle is communicated with the air inlet (125), and the air inlet nozzle is connected to the high-pressure gas path; an air outlet (127) communicating with the axial gas path (119) is radially opened at the upper end near the floating sleeve (107); the air outlet (127) is communicated with the inner end of the radial gas path (120).

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