Overflow landscape spillway with aeration tank

Abstract

The overflow landscape spillway comprises a water conveying system and a spillway body, the spillway body comprises an upstream protection bottom, a control section, a discharge chute and the aeration groove, the aeration groove comprises a vent groove and vent holes, the vent groove is perpendicular to the water flow direction, the discharge chute comprises a bottom plate and side walls located on the two sides of the bottom plate, and the vent holes are formed in the bottom plate. The vent groove is formed in the upper portion of the discharge chute bottom plate to form a water collecting pit, and the vent holes are formed in the discharge chute side wall and located in the two sides of the vent groove. The water conveying system is used for conveying water in the upstream reservoir into the vent groove; the spillway has the advantages that the landscape effect of the spillway is improved; the water delivery system is used for delivering water to the aeration tanks with different elevations of the discharge chute, the overflow landscape effect is achieved, the defect that the landscape effect is poor due to the fact that concrete of an existing spillway is exposed in a large area is overcome, and meanwhile air can be introduced into the aeration tanks through the design of the vent holes. The cavitation phenomenon of water flow caused by sudden drop of local pressure can be effectively prevented, and a release structure is protected against cavitation damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of spillway structures in water conservancy and hydropower projects, in particular to an overflow landscape spillway with an aeration tank. Background Art

[0002] The spillway is the main structure in the reservoir project, which is used to control flood discharge and protect the safety of the dam. During most of the operation period, there will be no flood discharge and the reservoir will be in a dry state. Flood discharge will only be carried out when the water level in the reservoir exceeds the safety limit.

[0003] With the continuous development of water conservancy projects, ecological water conservancy and green water conservancy have become important construction goals of reservoir projects. At the same time, with the development of modern ecological landscape tourism, reservoir projects have higher and higher requirements for ecological landscape. Conventional spillway troughs are in a waterless state for a long time during non-flood discharge periods. The exposure of a large area of ​​concrete structure on the bottom of the trough has a great impact on the landscape, especially for high-head spillways. Due to the huge water level difference between the upstream and downstream, the trough is more exposed and has a greater impact on the landscape. Therefore, it is necessary to upgrade and transform it.

[0004] Patent 202210409300.X proposes a cascading landscape chute, which uses a combination of multi-level drops and downstream water flow to form a cascading waterfall to enhance the waterscape effect under the dam. However, this solution has defects. When high-head and large-flow discharge occurs, high-speed water flow causes bubbles to appear inside due to pressure reduction (i.e. cavitation phenomenon). These bubbles then quickly collapse in the high-pressure area, accompanied by extremely high local pressure peaks, which produce strong mechanical impact and erosion on the solid surface in contact, thereby causing cavitation on the exposed concrete surface of the spillway, affecting the service life of the spillway.

[0005] Based on this, this case is brought forward. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an overflow landscape spillway with an aeration trough, which combines the aeration trough and the ecological flow discharge demand, has an overflow landscape effect, can avoid damage to the spillway, and does not affect normal flood discharge.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0008] A landscape overflow spillway with an aeration trough comprises a water delivery system and a spillway, wherein the spillway comprises an upstream bottom protection, a control section and a chute, wherein the upstream bottom protection and the control section are located upstream of the spillway, and the control section is connected to the chute downstream; the spillway comprises a plurality of aeration troughs arranged at intervals in the water flow direction of the chute, wherein the aeration trough comprises a ventilation trough and a vent, wherein the ventilation trough is arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction, and the chute comprises a bottom plate and side walls located on both sides of the bottom plate, wherein the ventilation trough is arranged on the upper part of the chute bottom plate to form a sump, wherein the vent is arranged in the chute side walls and is located on both sides of the ventilation trough, wherein the upper part of the vent is connected to the external atmosphere, and the lower part of the vent is connected to the ventilation trough; the water delivery system is used to deliver water in an upstream reservoir to the ventilation trough.

[0009] Furthermore, the aeration groove includes a ridge arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction, and the ridge is arranged in the ventilation groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the downstream end of the ventilation groove is connected to the bottom plate of the discharge chute through an arc surface.

[0011] Furthermore, the water delivery system includes a water delivery pipe, the upstream end of which is connected to a water intake and / or a water pump located in an upstream reservoir, and the downstream end of which extends downward in the side wall of the chute. When the water delivery pipe extends downward through the aeration trough, a branch pipe connected to the ventilation trough is provided.

[0012] Furthermore, it includes a control valve chamber, a main control valve and a branch control valve. There are multiple control valve chambers and they are respectively arranged at the control section and the branch pipe position of the water pipe. The main control valve is arranged in the control valve chamber at the control section position to control the on-off of the water pipe. The branch control valve is arranged in the control valve chamber at the branch pipe position to control the on-off of the branch pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the water pipe is made of a steel pipe or a PE pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, it comprises an energy dissipation pool, and the tail of the chute is connected to the energy dissipation pool.

[0015] The advantages of the utility model are:

[0016] 1) Improve the landscape effect of the spillway; water is conveyed to the aeration tanks at different elevations of the spillway through the water conveyance system, achieving the overflow landscape effect, overcoming the shortcomings of the existing spillway with large areas of exposed concrete causing poor landscape effects. At the same time, through the design of the vents, air can be introduced into the aeration tank, which can effectively prevent the cavitation phenomenon caused by the sudden drop in local pressure of the water flow, and protect the discharge structure from cavitation damage;

[0017] 2) It does not affect the original spillway discharge capacity and energy dissipation effect; the present invention does not change the overflow surface structure of the spillway from upstream to downstream, and has no impact on the original discharge capacity and energy dissipation effect of the project and other safety aspects;

[0018] 3) Low-carbon and energy-saving: In order to protect the ecological environment of the downstream river channel of the reservoir project, new projects now have minimum ecological flow discharge requirements. The original ecological flow discharge can generally only be discharged through the power generation tunnel or the flood discharge tunnel. The present invention further enriches the discharge channel of the ecological flow. The overflow water can replace the ecological discharge flow, and will not waste water resources. At the same time, the present invention can use the upstream and downstream head difference to self-flow water to the downstream aeration tank to achieve overflow landscape effect and low-carbon energy saving;

[0019] 4) Convenient construction and low investment; the water pipe is buried inside the concrete, and only the control valve room and control valve need to be set up on the original retaining wall, which has almost no impact on the construction and involves little investment;

[0020] 5) Wide application scope: Since the present invention has no impact on the safety of the original structure, does not occupy the discharge space of the spillway, and has no impact on the original discharge capacity and energy dissipation effect of the project, it is applicable to any spillway with an aeration tank and has a wide application scope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the plan layout of the overflow landscape spillway with an aeration tank in the embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA cross-sectional view of ;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A large-scale drawing of the middle aeration tank;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of CC cross section in FIG.

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 1 DD cross-sectional view in

[0027] Description of symbols

[0028] 1-Spillway; 11-Upstream bottom protection; 12-Control section; 13-Spillway; 13a-Bottom plate; 13b-Side wall; 14-Aeration slot; 14a-Ventilation slot; 14b-Channel; 14c-Ventilation hole; 15-Stilling pool;

[0029] 2-water delivery system; 21-water intake; 22-submersible pump; 23-water delivery pipe; 23a-branch pipe; 24-main control valve; 25-branch control valve; 26-control valve chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. used in the text to indicate directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment proposes an overflow landscape spillway with an aeration tank 14, including a water delivery system 2 and a spillway 1.

[0032] The spillway 1 includes an upstream bottom protection 11, a control section 12, a chute 13, an aeration groove 14 and an energy dissipation pool 15. The upstream bottom protection 11 and the control section 12 are located upstream of the spillway 1. The control section 12 is connected to the chute 13 downstream, and the tail of the chute 13 is connected to the energy dissipation pool 15. In order to facilitate the aeration of water flow during high head and large flow discharge, thereby reducing the cavitation of concrete by high-speed water flow, an aeration groove 14 is arranged at a certain distance from the chute 13. In this embodiment, the aeration groove 14 includes a ventilation groove 14a, a sill 14b and a vent 14c, and the chute 13 includes a bottom plate 13a and side walls 13b located on both sides of the bottom plate 13a.

[0033] The ridge 14b and the ventilation groove 14a of the aeration trough 14 are located on the upper part of the trough bottom plate 13a, and are arranged along the trough 13 in a vertical direction of the water flow. The vent holes 14c are vertically arranged in the ridge 14b and the trough side walls 13b on both sides of the ventilation groove 14a. The ridge 14b is located in the ventilation groove 14a. The ventilation groove 14a forms a rectangular water collection pit on the upper part of the trough bottom plate 13a, which plays a role in storing water. The downstream side of the ventilation groove 14a is smoothly connected with the surface of the trough bottom plate 13a of the trough 13 by an arc surface, which is conducive to the overflow of the water stored in the ventilation groove 14a. The aeration trough 14 is arranged at a certain interval along the trough 13, which can achieve a multi-elevation overflow landscape effect. The upper part of the vent hole 14c is connected to the outside atmosphere, and the lower part is connected to the ventilation groove 14a, so that air can be introduced into the ventilation groove 14a, which can effectively prevent the cavitation phenomenon caused by the sudden drop of local pressure in the water flow, and protect the water discharge structure from cavitation damage. The design of the ridge 14b can increase the local drop and turning of the water flow, so that the water flow is fully in contact with the air during the drop process, forcibly drawing a large amount of air into the water, forming a gas-liquid mixed flow, reducing the direct impact of the downstream water body on the discharge chute 13, reducing the degree of cavitation and cavitation damage, and improving the safety and durability of the engineering structure.

[0034] The spacing of the aeration slots 14 in the chute 13 can also be adjusted according to actual engineering requirements to achieve a coordinated overflow landscape effect of different densities.

[0035] The energy dissipation pool 15 is used to dissipate a large amount of kinetic energy carried by the water flowing down from the chute 13. By designing a reasonable pool shape and size, the high-speed water flow is gradually decelerated in the pool and transformed into a relatively gentle flow state, thereby greatly reducing the scouring damage of the downstream riverbed and bank slope by the water flow.

[0036] The water delivery system 2 includes a water intake 21, a submersible pump 22, a water delivery pipe 23, a main control valve 24, a branch control valve 25 and a control valve chamber 26. The front end of the water delivery pipe 23 is connected to the water intake 21 or the submersible pump 22 in the upstream reservoir, and passes through the control section 12 and the chute side wall 13b in sequence along the way, and is exposed in the vents 14c on both sides of the downstream chute side wall 13b. Figure 4 As shown, a branch pipe 23a connected to the ventilation groove 14a is provided at the exposed portion to realize water supply to the ventilation groove 14a. The water delivery pipe 23 can be a steel pipe or a PE pipe.

[0037] The water intake 21 or submersible pump 22 is below the normal water level of the reservoir at the upstream end of the water pipe 23. The water intake 21 is a steel trumpet-shaped structure. When the water intake 21 is used for water supply, water can be drawn from the upstream reservoir to the aeration tank 14 by gravity according to the siphon principle. Of course, the submersible pump 22 can also be used to control the flow of water to pump water to the aeration tank 14. The main control valve 24 is located near the control section 12 downstream of the water pipe 23, and can control the opening and closing of the water supply of the entire water pipe 23; the branch control valve 25 is located near the vent 14c of the aeration tank 14 downstream of the water pipe 23, and can control the opening and closing of the water supply of the branch pipe 23a to each aeration tank 14; all the main control valves 24 and branch control valves 25 are provided with a control valve chamber 26 to facilitate the control and maintenance of the main control valves 24 and branch control valves 25.

[0038] The water delivery system 2 uses the difference in head between the upstream and downstream to gravity-drain water to the downstream aeration tank 14, achieving an overflow landscape effect. The construction is simple and low-carbon and energy-saving. At the same time, the overflow flow rate can be controlled by opening and closing the main control valve 24 and the branch control valve 25 to flexibly adjust the overflow landscape effect. If the flow rate needs to be increased, the submersible pump 22 can also be used to control the flow rate and pump water to the aeration tank 14, thereby enhancing the overflow landscape effect. It should be noted here that the aeration tank 14 of the next level receives water output from the branch pipe 23a on the one hand, and receives water overflowing from the aeration tank 14 of the previous level on the other hand. This embodiment further reflects the flexibility of adjusting the overflow landscape effect by setting branch control valves 25 at each level of the aeration tank 14.

[0039] The above embodiments are only used to explain the concept of the present invention, rather than to limit the protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes to the present invention using this concept shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An overflow landscape spillway with an aeration tank, comprising a water delivery system and a spillway, wherein the spillway comprises an upstream bottom protection, a control section and a chute, wherein the upstream bottom protection and the control section are located upstream of the spillway, and the control section is connected to the chute downstream, and is characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of aeration grooves arranged at intervals in the water flow direction of the chute, the aeration grooves comprising ventilation grooves and ventilation holes, the ventilation grooves being arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction, the chute comprising a bottom plate and side walls located on both sides of the bottom plate, the ventilation grooves being arranged on the upper part of the chute bottom plate to form a water collection pit, the ventilation holes being arranged in the side walls of the chute and on both sides of the ventilation grooves, the upper part of the ventilation holes being connected to the external atmosphere, and the lower part being connected to the ventilation grooves; The water delivery system is used to deliver water in the upstream reservoir to the aeration tank.

2. The overflow landscape spillway with an aeration tank as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration groove comprises a ridge arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction, and the ridge is arranged in the ventilation groove.

3. The overflow landscape spillway with an aeration tank as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The downstream end of the ventilation groove is connected with the bottom plate of the discharge groove through an arc surface.

4. The overflow landscape spillway with an aeration tank as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The water delivery system includes a water delivery pipe, the upstream end of which is connected to a water intake and / or a water pump in an upstream reservoir, and the downstream end of which extends downward in the side wall of the chute. When the water delivery pipe extends downward through the aeration trough, a branch pipe connected to the ventilation trough is arranged.

5. The overflow landscape spillway with an aeration tank as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: It includes a control valve chamber, a main control valve and a branch control valve. There are multiple control valve chambers which are respectively arranged at the control section and the branch pipe position of the water pipe. The main control valve is arranged in the control valve chamber at the control section position to control the on-off of the water pipe. The branch control valve is arranged in the control valve chamber at the branch pipe position to control the on-off of the branch pipe.

6. The overflow landscape spillway with an aeration tank as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The water delivery pipe is a steel pipe or a PE pipe.

7. The overflow landscape spillway with an aeration tank as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It includes an energy dissipation pool, and the tail of the chute is connected to the energy dissipation pool.

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