Visual test device for simulating seepage behavior of jointed loess

Abstract

The utility model discloses a visual test device for simulating seepage behaviors of jointed loess. The visual test device comprises a water inlet unit, a water permeable unit and a water seepage unit which are sequentially connected from bottom to top, the water inlet unit comprises a water inlet pressure chamber, the water seepage unit comprises a semi-cylindrical side plate, a rectangular side plate and a top plate, the semi-cylindrical side plate and the rectangular side plate are fixedly connected to form a semi-cylinder, the top plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the semi-cylinder, and the water seepage unit is arranged between the water inlet pressure chamber and the semi-cylinder. The rectangular side plate is made of organic glass, and a high-definition digital camera is installed on one side of the rectangular side plate. The device is simple and easy to manufacture, the erosion of the joint-containing loess under the condition of water flow seepage can be simulated through simple operation, the workload and the test cost are reduced, the evolution process of the joint form along with seepage can be visually observed, and a new thought is provided for indoor joint-containing loess seepage test simulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of loess geological disaster prevention and control, in particular to a visual test device for simulating seepage behavior of loess with joints. Background Art

[0002] The influence of joints and fissures on the seepage characteristics of loess is particularly important. Seepage, that is, the flow of water in the soil, plays a decisive role in the engineering stability and water resource management of loess areas. Due to the influence of complex factors such as pebbles, pores and wormholes, there is a lot of uncertainty in the seepage test of natural loess joints. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct loess seepage tests under the conditions of controlling joint morphology to explore the influence of joints on loess seepage erosion. At present, the existing seepage tests on loess with joints have no way to accurately control the shape and opening of the joints, nor can they directly and clearly observe the evolution process of the joint morphology, which limits the in-depth understanding and application of the seepage characteristics of loess. Summary of the invention

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a visual test device for simulating seepage behavior of loess with joints, so as to solve the problem that the existing seepage test of loess with joints cannot accurately observe the evolution of joint morphology.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A visual test device for simulating seepage behavior of jointed loess, comprising a water inlet unit, a water permeability unit and a water seepage unit connected in sequence from bottom to top;

[0006] The water inlet unit includes a water inlet pressure chamber, and the water seepage unit includes a semi-cylindrical side panel, a rectangular side panel and a top panel. The semi-cylindrical side panel is fixedly connected to the rectangular side panel to form a semi-cylinder, and the top panel is fixedly connected to the top of the semi-cylinder. The water permeable unit is arranged between the water inlet pressure chamber and the semi-cylinder. The rectangular side panel is made of plexiglass, and a high-definition digital camera is installed on one side of the rectangular side panel.

[0007] Furthermore, the water inlet pressure chamber is connected to a water pump via a silicone tube.

[0008] Furthermore, the water pump is connected to a flow meter via a connecting pipe, the flow meter is connected to a water flow control switch via a connecting pipe, and the water flow control switch is connected to a water inlet.

[0009] Furthermore, a filter material is arranged in the water inlet pressure chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the permeable unit includes a semicircular ring and permeable stones, and the permeable stones are embedded in the semicircular ring.

[0011] Furthermore, the top surface of the permeable stone is flush with the top surface of the semicircular ring, and the diameter of the permeable stone is equal to the inner diameter of the semi-cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, a bottom plate is installed at the bottom end of the semi-cylinder, and the rectangular side plate is a plate made of joint shape.

[0013] Furthermore, pressure gauges are installed on the water inlet pressure chamber and the top plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a water outlet is provided on the rectangular side plate, a collecting bucket is provided below the water outlet, and the collecting bucket is provided on one side of the water inlet pressure chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, the water outlet area of ​​the water inlet pressure chamber and the water outlet area of ​​the water permeable device are both the same as the inner bottom area of ​​the semi-cylinder.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The utility model provides a visualization test device for simulating the seepage behavior of jointed loess. By sequentially connecting and setting a water inlet unit, a water permeable unit and a water seepage unit from bottom to top, the seepage of jointed loess under different flow rate conditions can be simulated through simple operation. The material of the rectangular side plate is organic glass, and a high-definition digital camera is installed on one side of the rectangular side plate. During the test, the evolution of the joint morphology with the seepage can be obtained by observing the transparent rectangular side plate. The instrument and equipment of the utility model are simple and easy to make, the test materials are easy to obtain, the operation method is easy to understand, green and environmentally friendly, and has good economic benefits. The erosion of jointed loess under water infiltration conditions can be simulated through simple operation. Compared with the existing test method, the workload and test cost are reduced, the evolution process of the joint morphology with the seepage can be intuitively observed, and the evolution process of the joint morphology during the seepage of the sample is easy to observe and record, which provides a new idea for the indoor simulation of the seepage test of jointed loess, and has good practical and popularization value in engineering.

[0018] Furthermore, the joint surface morphology of loess is determined by the joint morphology production plate. On the one hand, the opening of the joints can be accurately controlled, which improves the convenience of producing joints of different shapes. On the other hand, the roughness of the joints can be controlled, and the influence of joint morphology and opening on the seepage of loess joints can be explored in many aspects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic structural diagram of a visualization test device for simulating seepage behavior of jointed loess.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water permeable unit of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the permeable stone structure.

[0023] Figure 4 The utility model is a front view of a visualization test device for simulating seepage behavior of jointed loess.

[0024] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the plate structure is made for the joint morphology of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom plate structure of the utility model.

[0026] Among them: 1-water inlet, 2-water flow control switch, 3-connecting pipe, 4-flow meter, 5-water pump, 6-silicone tube, 7-water inlet pressure chamber, 8-reverse filter material, 9-pressure gauge, 10-permeable unit, 11-permeable stone, 12-semi-cylindrical side plate, 13-rectangular side plate, 14-water outlet, 15-top plate, 16-bottom plate, 17-joint morphology production plate, 18-collection tube, 19-high-definition digital camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] The utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0034] See also Figure 1 The utility model provides a visual test device for simulating seepage behavior of loess with joints, including a water permeable unit 10 and a water seepage unit. The water inlet unit, the water permeable unit 10 and the water seepage unit are sequentially connected from bottom to top.

[0035] The water inlet unit includes a water inlet 1, a water flow control switch 2, a flow meter 4, a water pump 5 and a water inlet pressure chamber 7. One end of the water flow control switch 2 is connected to the water inlet 1, and the other end of the water flow control switch 2 is connected to the flow meter 4 through a connecting pipe 3. The flow meter 4 is connected to the water pump 5 through the connecting pipe 3. The water pump 5 is connected to the water inlet pressure chamber 7 through a silicone tube 6. The inner diameter of the silicone tube 6 is 10 mm. A pressure gauge 9 is installed on one side of the water inlet pressure chamber 7. The water inlet pressure chamber 7 is filled with glass beads as anti-filter material 8. The water inlet pressure chamber 7 is connected directly below the permeable unit 10. The water outlet area of ​​the water inlet pressure chamber 7 is the same as the bottom area of ​​the loess joint sample, and the water outlet area of ​​the permeable unit 10 is the same as the bottom area of ​​the loess joint sample.

[0036] The seepage unit includes a semi-cylindrical side plate 12, a rectangular side plate 13 and a top plate 15. The flat side of the seepage unit is the rectangular side plate 13, and the curved side is the semi-cylindrical side plate 12. The semi-cylindrical side plate 12 is fixedly connected to the rectangular side plate 13 to form a semi-cylinder, and the top plate 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the semi-cylinder. The semi-cylindrical side plate 12 and the top plate 15 are both made of aluminum alloy, and the rectangular side plate 13 is made of organic glass. A high-definition digital camera 19 is installed on one side of the rectangular side plate 13. By observing the transparent rectangular side plate 13, the evolution of the joint morphology during the seepage process of the sample can be observed in real time. Figure 4 As shown, a water outlet 14 is provided at the center of the upper edge of the rectangular side plate 13, and a collecting bucket 18 is provided below the water outlet 14. The collecting bucket 18 is provided on one side of the water inlet pressure chamber 7 to collect water and particles flowing out of the water outlet 14. A pressure gauge 9 is provided on the top plate 15. The loess joint sample is placed inside the semi-cylinder of the seepage unit. When preparing the joint sample, Figure 6 The bottom plate 16 shown is installed at the bottom of the semi-cylinder, and the rectangular side plate 13 is a joint-shaped plate 17, such as Figure 5 As shown, the side plate is a rectangular side plate 13 during the test. The joint morphology in the test is controllable, and loess joint samples with different joint morphologies can be obtained by changing the shape of the joint morphology making plate 17. The joint morphology making plate 17 uses the convex volume to determine the joint opening, and there is a certain thickness of base on the inner side of the side plate to prevent the joint from being close to the side plate and ensure that the sample has a through joint.

[0037] The water permeable unit 10 is connected directly below the water seepage unit and between the water inlet pressure chamber 7. Figure 2 As shown, the permeable unit 10 includes a semicircular ring and a permeable stone 11, and the permeable stone 11 is embedded in the semicircular ring. The top surface of the permeable stone 11 is flush with the top surface of the semicircular ring, and the diameter of the permeable stone 11 is equal to the inner diameter of the semi-cylinder. Figure 3 During the seepage test, the permeable stone 11 placed on the top surface of the permeable unit 10 serves as a support for the loess joint sample in the permeable unit.

[0038] The utility model discloses a test method of a visualization test device based on the simulation of seepage behavior of loess containing joints, comprising the following steps:

[0039] 1) Take the sieved and dried loess and put it into the semi-cylinder of the water seepage unit for compaction. While compacting in layers, sprinkle a certain amount of water on each layer according to the specified moisture content. The water seepage unit prepares the loess joint sample through the bottom plate 16 and the joint morphology production plate 17, and records the width and morphology information of the joints;

[0040] 2) After the loess joint sample is stable for 24 hours, the joint morphology plate 17 is replaced with a rectangular side plate 13, and the bottom plate 16 is removed, and the permeable unit 10 is connected. The upper end of the permeable unit 10 is embedded in the permeable stone 11. At this time, the joint opening and shape are known;

[0041] 3) Connect the connected water seepage unit and water permeable unit 10 to the water inlet pressure chamber 7 filled with reverse filter material 8;

[0042] 4) Connect the water inlet pressure chamber 7 and the water pump 5 through the silicone tube 6, connect the water inlet 1, the water flow control switch 2, the flow meter 4 and the water pump 5 in sequence through the connecting pipe 3, and keep the water flow control switch 2 in the closed state;

[0043] 5) When starting the test, turn on the water flow control switch 2, observe the flow rate of the flow meter 4, and adjust the flow rate to the required value and in a stable state;

[0044] 6) A high-definition digital camera 19 installed on one side of the rectangular side plate 14 of the seepage unit records the seepage conditions of water in the loess sample containing joints, and the image information is used to analyze the evolution of the joint morphology during the process of water inflow and infiltration; a flow meter 4 is used to record the flow rate per unit time, and a collecting tube 18 is used to collect water and particles flowing out of the outlet 14. These data are combined with the image information to analyze the influence of joints on the seepage erosion of loess.

[0045] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may be subject to various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A visual test device for simulating seepage behavior of jointed loess, characterized in that: It comprises a water inlet unit, a water permeable unit (10) and a water seepage unit which are connected in sequence from bottom to top; The water inlet unit comprises a water inlet pressure chamber (7), and the water seepage unit comprises a semi-cylindrical side plate (12), a rectangular side plate (13) and a top plate (15); the semi-cylindrical side plate (12) and the rectangular side plate (13) are fixedly connected to form a semi-cylinder; the top plate (15) is fixedly connected to the top of the semi-cylinder; the water seepage unit (10) is arranged between the water inlet pressure chamber (7) and the semi-cylinder; the rectangular side plate (13) is made of organic glass; and a high-definition digital camera (19) is installed on one side of the rectangular side plate (13).

2. A visualization test device for simulating seepage behavior of jointed loess according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet pressure chamber (7) is connected to the water pump (5) via a silicone tube (6).

3. A visualization test device for simulating seepage behavior of jointed loess according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water pump (5) is connected to the flow meter (4) via a connecting pipe (3), the flow meter (4) is connected to the water flow control switch (2) via the connecting pipe (3), and the water flow control switch (2) is connected to the water inlet (1).

4. A visualization test device for simulating seepage behavior of jointed loess according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet pressure chamber (7) is provided with a reverse filter material (8).

5. The visual test device for simulating seepage behavior of jointed loess according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-permeable unit (10) comprises a semicircular ring and a water-permeable stone (11), wherein the water-permeable stone (11) is embedded in the semicircular ring.

6. A visual test device for simulating seepage behavior of jointed loess according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top surface of the permeable stone (11) is flush with the top surface of the semicircular ring, and the diameter of the permeable stone (11) is equal to the inner diameter of the semi-cylinder.

7. A visualization test device for simulating seepage behavior of jointed loess according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bottom plate (16) is installed at the bottom end of the semi-cylinder, and the rectangular side plate (13) is a joint-shaped production plate (17).

8. The visual test device for simulating seepage behavior of jointed loess according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet pressure chamber (7) and the top plate (15) are both equipped with pressure gauges (9).

9. The visual test device for simulating seepage behavior of jointed loess according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water outlet (14) is provided on the rectangular side plate (13), a collection bucket (18) is provided below the water outlet (14), and the collection bucket (18) is provided on one side of the water inlet pressure chamber (7).

10. The visual test device for simulating seepage behavior of jointed loess according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet area of ​​the water inlet pressure chamber (7) and the water outlet area of ​​the water permeable unit (10) are both the same as the inner bottom area of ​​the semi-cylinder.

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