Superconducting cable assembly, superconductor transmission line and star simulator

Abstract

The utility model provides a superconducting cable assembly, a superconductor transmission line and a star simulator. The superconducting cable assembly comprises a superconducting cable and a connector, the superconducting cable comprises a cable body part and a cable connecting part, and the cable connecting part is arranged in the connector in a penetrating mode in the axial direction of the connector; the connector comprises a clamping assembly, the clamping assembly comprises a sleeve and a pressing block, the sleeve comprises a first clamping block and a second clamping block which are oppositely arranged in the circumferential direction of the sleeve and fixed to each other, a cavity is defined by the first clamping block and the second clamping block, the pressing block is arranged in the cavity in the axial direction of the sleeve, and a through hole for a cable connecting part to penetrate through is formed between the pressing block and the second clamping block; the axial direction of the sleeve is parallel to that of the joint; the first clamping block locks and fixes the pressing block through the locking structure so that the pressing block can be connected to the periphery of the cable connecting part in a pressed mode in the radial direction of the sleeve, the position, relative to the locking and fixing position of the first clamping block, of the pressing block in the radial direction of the sleeve can be adjusted, and the hole diameter of the through hole can be adjusted. The superconducting cable assembly has better adaptability and maintainability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field related to superconductors, and in particular to a superconducting cable assembly, a superconductor transmission line and a stellarator. Background Art

[0002] Superconducting cables are cables made of superconductors. They offer advantages such as high capacity, low loss, energy conservation, and environmental friendliness, making them widely used in the power industry. However, due to factors such as cable tension during threading and the length of the conductor manufacturing line, the length of a single superconducting cable often does not exceed a predetermined threshold (e.g., one kilometer). After the superconducting cable is laid, to form a continuous line, individual sections must be connected together. Adjacent superconducting cables are connected using connectors.

[0003] Existing superconducting cable joints are typically created using conical crimping or bolt-locking structures, with a fixed porosity within the joint's internal channels. However, these fixed-porosity structures often suffer from insufficient cooling efficiency and a reduced safety margin during prolonged, multiple thermal cycles or variable load operation, failing to meet the high stability and reliability requirements of operation. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problem in the prior art that the joint of the superconducting cable cannot meet the operation requirements of high stability and high reliability.

[0005] To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a superconducting cable assembly, including a superconducting cable and a joint, the superconducting cable including a cable body and a cable connection part connected to one end of the cable body part, the cable connection part is arranged inside the joint along the axial direction of the joint; wherein the joint includes a clamping assembly, the clamping assembly includes a sleeve and a pressure block, the sleeve includes a first clamping block and a second clamping block which are arranged opposite to each other in its circumferential direction and fixed to each other, the first clamping block and the second clamping block are surrounded by a cavity, the pressure block is arranged in the cavity along the axial direction of the sleeve, and a through hole for the cable connection part to pass through is formed between the pressure block and the second clamping block; the axial direction of the sleeve is parallel to the axial direction of the joint; and the first clamping block locks and fixes the pressure block through a locking structure, so that the pressure block is pressed against the outer periphery of the cable connection part along the radial direction of the sleeve, and the position of the pressure block in the radial direction of the sleeve relative to the locking and fixing of the first clamping block is adjustable, so that the aperture of the through hole is adjustable.

[0006] The above solution, through the provision of a clamping assembly, not only reliably secures the cable connector, but also allows for adjustable diameters of the through-holes through which the cable connector passes. This allows for adjustable porosity between the through-holes and the cable connector, facilitating testing and research of connectors under varying flow resistances and cooling flow rates. It also allows for optimizing the distribution path of liquid helium based on local heat load variations, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency and significantly reducing temperature fluctuations.

[0007] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the superconducting cable assembly disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the locking structure includes a locking piece, the first clamping block is provided with a connecting hole that passes through the first clamping block along the radial direction of the sleeve, and the pressure block is provided with a countersunk hole corresponding to the connecting hole; the locking piece passes through the connecting hole and extends into the countersunk hole and is fixed relative to the countersunk hole, and the locking piece can move in the connecting hole to adjust the position of the pressure block locked and fixed relative to the first clamping block in the radial direction of the sleeve.

[0008] By adopting the above solution, the radial adjustment of the position of the pressing block is achieved through the radially movable locking member, thereby being able to flexibly control the aperture size of the through hole.

[0009] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, in the superconducting cable assembly disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the outer periphery of the locking piece is provided with an external thread, and the walls of the connecting hole and the countersunk hole are provided with internal threads compatible with the external thread; there are multiple connecting holes, and the multiple connecting holes are evenly spaced in the axial direction of the sleeve; there are multiple countersunk holes and multiple locking pieces, and the multiple locking pieces are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple connecting holes and the multiple countersunk holes, and each locking piece passes through the corresponding connecting hole and extends into the corresponding countersunk hole and is fixed relatively to the countersunk hole.

[0010] By adopting the above solution, the locking structure of multiple sets of axially distributed threads can not only achieve precise adjustment of the radial position of the pressure block, but also solve the problem of uneven pressure distribution caused by single-point locking.

[0011] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, in the superconducting cable assembly disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, a semicircular groove is formed on one side of the second clamping block and the pressure block respectively arranged opposite to each other, and the semicircular grooves of the second clamping block and the pressure block jointly define a through hole; and, in the circumferential direction of the sleeve, the first surface of the first clamping block and the first surface of the second clamping block abut against each other, and are both provided with a first step-shaped sealing structure adapted to each other, the second surface of the first clamping block abut against the second surface of the second clamping block, and are both provided with a second step-shaped sealing structure adapted to each other, and a separation layer is provided between the first step-shaped sealing structures and the second step-shaped sealing structures; and, in the second clamping block, the wall surface of the semicircular groove is connected between the first surface and the second surface; and a plurality of threaded holes radially penetrating the first clamping block and the second clamping block are correspondingly provided on the first clamping block and the second clamping block.

[0012] With the above solution, the combined design of the stepped sealing structure and the separation layer ensures both the sealing and the electrical conductivity between the clamping blocks.

[0013] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, in the superconducting cable assembly disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the wall surface of the second clamping block facing the through hole and the wall surface of the pressure block facing the through hole are both provided with a guide groove extending along the axial direction of the sleeve; and the wall surface of the pressure block facing the through hole is provided with a first conductive layer, so that the pressure block is electrically in contact with the cable connection part through the first conductive layer; the wall surface of the second clamping block facing the through hole is provided with a second conductive layer, so that the second clamping block is electrically in contact with the cable connection part through the second conductive layer.

[0014] By adopting the above scheme, the guide groove is set on the second clamping block and the pressing block. The position of the pressing block can be adjusted according to the charging and discharging rate of the coil and the change of local heat load, thereby adjusting the contact area between the cooling medium flowing through the guide groove and the cable connection part set in the through hole, thereby preventing local heat accumulation and large temperature fluctuations in the joint.

[0015] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the superconducting cable assembly disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the cable connection part includes a first connection part and a second connection part fixedly connected to each other, the end of the first connection part away from the second connection part is connected to one end of the cable body part, and the second connection part is passed through the through hole of the clamping assembly; wherein, the first connection part includes a metal protective tube and multiple first cable wires passed through the inside of the metal protective tube, each first cable wire is formed in a twisted manner; the second connection part includes multiple second cable wires, each second cable wire is formed by untwisting the first cable wire, and the multiple second cable wires are fixedly connected to each other; the first connection part is located outside the through hole of the clamping assembly, and the second connection part is passed through the through hole of the clamping assembly; the superconducting cable assembly also includes a forced flow tube, which is fixed to the sleeve and the pressure block at one end away from the cable body part, and the forced flow tube is connected to the through hole for transmitting cooling medium to the through hole of the clamping assembly.

[0016] By adopting the above solution, the metal protective tube provides mechanical protection and electromagnetic shielding for the internal cables, thereby improving the efficiency of power transmission.

[0017] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, the superconducting cable assembly disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the joint also includes a shell assembly, the shell assembly includes a substrate, a shell and a cover plate fixed in sequence and sealed along the axial direction of the joint, the substrate, the shell and the cover plate together surround and form a accommodating space, the clamping assembly is located in the accommodating space, and the shell is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve, and an annular gap is formed between the inner wall surface of the shell and the outer wall surface of the sleeve; the shell assembly also includes a transition tube, the transition tube is fixed to the substrate, and is located on the side of the substrate away from the shell in the axial direction of the joint, the first connecting portion is passed through and fixedly connected to the transition tube; a protrusion is formed on the side of the cover plate facing the sleeve, and a fixing hole is formed on the end of the cover plate away from the sleeve; the forced flow tube is passed through the cover plate along the axial direction of the joint and is located On the side of the clamping assembly away from the transition cylinder, one end of the forced flow tube is connected to the through hole, and the other end is fixed to the fixing hole; the shell assembly also includes a connecting block, which is sleeved and pressed between the outer periphery of the forced flow tube and the inner circumferential wall of the protrusion. In the axial direction of the joint, one end face of the connecting block is respectively abutted against one end face of the sleeve and one end face of the pressure block, so that the cover plate, sleeve, pressure block, connecting block and forced flow tube are fixed together; the inner circumferential wall of the protrusion is formed with a first inclined surface, the outer wall surface of the connecting block is formed as a second inclined surface adapted to the first inclined surface, the inner wall surface of the connecting block is formed as a third inclined surface, and the outer wall surface of the forced flow tube is formed as a fourth inclined surface adapted to the third inclined surface.

[0018] By adopting the above solution, the housing structure can effectively protect the clamping assembly.

[0019] According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, in the superconducting cable assembly disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the separation layer in the clamping assembly is copper; the material of the first clamping block is stainless steel; the material of the second clamping block is oxygen-free copper; the material of the pressing block is stainless steel; the materials of the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer in the clamping assembly are both gold; and the material of the metal protective tube of the superconducting cable is aluminum or copper.

[0020] The above solution and the combination of the above materials can effectively solve multiple technical problems faced by superconducting cable assemblies in extreme working environments, such as conductive stability, mechanical strength and thermal management.

[0021] An embodiment of the present utility model discloses a superconductor transmission line, comprising a first superconducting cable assembly and a second superconducting cable assembly. The first superconducting cable assembly and the second superconducting cable assembly both adopt the superconducting cable assembly described in any of the above embodiments, and a joint of the first superconducting cable assembly and a joint of the second superconducting cable assembly are stacked, fixedly arranged, and electrically connected.

[0022] By adopting the above solution, low-loss transmission between superconductors is achieved by stacking, fixing and electrically connecting the joints of two superconducting cable assemblies.

[0023] An embodiment of the present utility model discloses a stellarator, comprising the superconductor transmission line as described in the above embodiment.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the superconducting cable assembly, superconductor transmission line and stellarator provided by the present application, through the setting of the clamping assembly, on the basis of reliably fixing the cable connection part, realizes the adjustable aperture of the through hole for the cable connection part to pass through, thereby making the porosity between the through hole and the cable connection part passing through it adjustable. As a result, it is convenient to carry out testing and research on joints under different flow resistances and cooling flow rates, and it is also possible to optimize the distribution path of liquid helium according to the change of local heat load, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and significantly reducing the temperature fluctuation amplitude. Even in the face of long-term multiple thermal cycles or variable load operation, the aperture of the through hole can be adjusted to make the cooling path in the through hole adapt to different cooling efficiency requirements, with better stability and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a side sectional view of a superconducting cable assembly provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping assembly of a superconducting cable assembly provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a clamping assembly of a superconducting cable assembly provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a superconductor transmission line provided by an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] 1. Cable connection part; 11. First connection part; 12. Second connection part; 2. Joint; 3. Clamping assembly; 31. Sleeve; 311. First clamping block; 312. Second clamping block; 32. Pressing block; 33. Connection hole; 34. First stepped sealing structure; 35. Second stepped sealing structure; 36. Radial threaded hole; 37. Guide groove; 4. Base plate; 5. Shell; 6. Cover plate; 7. Transition tube; 8. Forced flow tube; 9. Connection block; B. First superconducting cable assembly; C. Second superconducting cable assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present application provides a superconducting cable assembly, a superconductor transmission line, and a stellarator incorporating the superconductor transmission line. By configuring the clamping assembly of the superconducting cable joint as a movable structure, the diameter of the through hole through which the superconducting cable passes can be adjusted as needed, thereby improving the operational stability and reliability of the superconducting cable.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] This embodiment provides a superconducting cable assembly, referring to Figure 1 , including a superconducting cable and a joint 2, the superconducting cable includes a cable body and a cable connecting part 1 connected to one end of the cable body, and the cable connecting part 1 is arranged inside the joint 2 along the axial direction of the joint 2. Figure 1 The cable connector 1 is only schematically shown; the main cable body connected to it is not shown. In reality, the main cable body is the superconducting cable that only transmits power and does not perform any connection functions. The cable connector 1 is located at the end of the entire superconducting cable and can be electrically connected to the cable connector 1 at the end of another superconducting cable via a joint 2. The joint 2 is used to secure the cable connector 1 and electrically connect the cable connectors 1 of two superconducting cables.

[0035] Among them, the connector 2 includes a clamping assembly 3, the clamping assembly 3 includes a sleeve 31 and a pressure block 32, the sleeve 31 includes a first clamping block 311 and a second clamping block 312 which are arranged opposite to each other in its circumferential direction and fixed to each other, the first clamping block 311 and the second clamping block 312 are surrounded to form a cavity, the pressure block 32 is arranged in the cavity along the axial direction of the sleeve 31, and a through hole is formed between the pressure block 32 and the second clamping block 312 for the cable connection part 1 to pass through; the axial direction of the sleeve 31 is parallel to the axial direction of the connector 2.

[0036] In addition, the first clamping block 311 locks and fixes the pressing block 32 through a locking structure, so that the pressing block 32 is crimped to the outer periphery of the cable connecting part 1 along the radial direction of the sleeve 31, and the position of the pressing block 32 locked and fixed relative to the first clamping block 311 in the radial direction of the sleeve 31 is adjustable, so that the aperture of the through hole is adjustable.

[0037] Specifically, the sleeve 31 can adopt a split structure, and the first clamping block 311 and the second clamping block 312 are fixedly connected by bolts or welding. In other alternative implementations, the sleeve 31 can be formed in one piece. The cavity is surrounded by the inner wall surfaces of the first clamping block 311 and the second clamping block 312. The cross-sectional shape of the cavity can be circular, elliptical or rectangular, and is used to accommodate the pressure block 32 and the cable connection part 1. The pressure block 32 can be a whole block structure arranged along the axial direction, and the cross-section of the pressure block 32 can be trapezoidal, semi-circular or other shapes. The pressure block 32 can also be set as a plurality of block structures arranged along the axial direction, and the cable connection part 1 is pressed and fixed in the axial direction by the plurality of block structures. The pressure block 32 can achieve radial displacement by adjusting the tightness of the locking structure. The locking structure can optionally use a threaded adjustment mechanism, including an adjusting bolt and a matching nut, and the pressure block 32 is driven to move by rotating the bolt. The locking mechanism can also utilize a matching structure of a guide post and a post sleeve. The guide post and the post sleeve are capable of sliding relative to each other. The guide post is disposed on the first clamping block 311, and the post sleeve is disposed on the pressure block 32. The post sleeve slides relative to the guide post to adjust the position of the pressure block 32 relative to the first clamping block 311. The guide post and the post sleeve are secured in place when moved to a specified position via a plurality of mutually compatible positioning grooves and pressable positioning protrusions.

[0038] With such a method, by setting the clamping assembly 3, on the basis of reliably fixing the cable connection part 1, the aperture of the through hole through which the cable connection part 1 passes can be adjusted. Among them, the sleeve 31 structure provides a stable installation space for the cable connection, and the movable pressure block 32 design allows the aperture of the through hole through which the cable connection part 1 passes to be changed according to demand, so that the porosity between the through hole and the cable connection part 1 passing through it can be adjusted, which is convenient for carrying out testing and research on the joint 2 under different flow resistances and cooling flow rates. It can also optimize the distribution path of liquid helium according to changes in local heat load, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency and significantly reducing the temperature fluctuation amplitude. Moreover, even in the face of long-term multiple thermal cycles or variable load operation, the aperture of the through hole can be adjusted to make the cooling path in the through hole adapt to different cooling efficiency requirements. In addition, by adjusting the position of the pressure block 32, the crimping force on the cable connection part 1 can also be accurately controlled, which not only ensures the stability of the connection, but also avoids damage to the cable due to overpressure. This structure has better stability and reliability than joints with fixed internal porosity.

[0039] Furthermore, the superconducting cable assembly provided in this embodiment has a locking structure including a locking member, referring to Figure 2The first clamping block 311 is provided with a connecting hole 33 that passes through the first clamping block 311 along the radial direction of the sleeve 31, and the pressing block 32 is provided with a countersunk hole corresponding to the connecting hole 33; the locking piece passes through the connecting hole 33 and extends into the countersunk hole and is fixed relative to the countersunk hole. The locking piece can move in the connecting hole 33 to adjust the position of the pressing block 32 locked and fixed relative to the first clamping block 311 in the radial direction of the sleeve 31.

[0040] Specifically, the locking member can be a threaded fastener such as a bolt or screw. By rotating the bolt or screw, the locking member can be radially moved within the connection hole 33. The countersunk hole is configured as a blind hole, and its inner wall can be provided with internal threads that mate with the external threads of the locking member. As a preferred embodiment, the head of the locking member can be provided with a hexagonal slot or a cross slot to facilitate tool adjustment.

[0041] This structure thus enables radial adjustment of the position of the pressure block 32 through a radially movable locking member, thereby flexibly controlling the aperture size of the through-hole. The threaded engagement ensures both reliable locking and precise fine-tuning. Furthermore, the position of the pressure block 32 can be continuously adjusted simply by rotating the locking member, offering ease of operation and high adjustment precision.

[0042] Furthermore, in the superconducting cable assembly provided in this embodiment, the outer periphery of the locking member is provided with an external thread, and the wall surfaces of the connecting hole 33 and the counterbore are provided with an internal thread adapted to the external thread; Figure 2 There are multiple connecting holes 33, and the multiple connecting holes 33 are evenly spaced in the axial direction of the sleeve 31. There are multiple countersunk holes and multiple locking pieces. The multiple locking pieces are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple connecting holes 33 and the multiple countersunk holes. Each locking piece passes through the corresponding connecting hole 33 and extends into the corresponding countersunk hole and is fixed relatively to the countersunk hole.

[0043] Thus, this structure, through the use of multiple sets of axially distributed threaded locking structures, not only achieves precise adjustment of the radial position of the pressure block 32, but also solves the problem of uneven pressure distribution caused by single-point locking. The evenly distributed axial locking points ensure a linear distribution of the pressure applied by the pressure block 32 to the cable connector 1, avoiding localized stress concentration. Furthermore, compared to methods such as pin fixation, the threaded adjustment method offers the advantages of high adjustment accuracy and high precision in controlling the locking force.

[0044] Furthermore, in the superconducting cable assembly provided in this embodiment, a semicircular groove is formed on one side of the second clamping block 312 and the pressure block 32, and the semicircular grooves of the second clamping block 312 and the pressure block 32 jointly define a through hole. Furthermore, in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 31, the first surface of the first clamping block 311 and the first surface of the second clamping block 312 abut against each other and are both provided with a first stepped sealing structure 34 that adapts to each other. The second surface of the first clamping block 311 and the second surface of the second clamping block 312 abut against each other and are both provided with a second stepped sealing structure 35 that adapts to each other. A separation layer is provided between the first stepped sealing structure 34 and the second stepped sealing structure 35. Furthermore, in the second clamping block 312, the wall surface of the semicircular groove is connected between the first surface and the second surface. The clamping assembly 3 also includes a fastener. A plurality of radial threaded holes 36 are correspondingly provided on the first clamping block 311 and the second clamping block 312. The fastener passes through the corresponding radial threaded holes 36 to fix the first clamping block 311 and the second clamping block 312 relative to each other.

[0045] Specifically, the fasteners can be hexagon socket bolts or studs. In a preferred implementation, the material of the separation layer is copper, specifically copper foil with a thickness of 0.1 mm. Setting the material of the separation layer to copper can achieve good electrical conductivity. In addition, the metal separation layer cooperates with the stepped sealing structure to form a reliable electromagnetic shielding effect and improve the efficiency of power transmission. Thus, by setting mutually cooperating semicircular grooves, the installation position of the cable connection part 1 can be accurately defined; the combined design of the stepped sealing structure and the separation layer ensures both the sealing and the electrical conductivity between the clamping blocks; the radially distributed fasteners achieve reliable fixation between the clamping blocks. This structure effectively solves the problem that the joint 2 of the superconducting cable is prone to loosening and poor sealing under complex working conditions, and improves the stability and sealing performance of the connection.

[0046] Furthermore, in the superconducting cable assembly provided by this embodiment, the wall surface of the second clamping block 312 facing the through hole and the wall surface of the pressure block 32 facing the through hole are both provided with a guide groove 37 extending along the axial direction of the sleeve 31; and the wall surface of the pressure block 32 facing the through hole is provided with a first conductive layer, so that the pressure block 32 is electrically in contact with the cable connection part 1 through the first conductive layer; the wall surface of the second clamping block 312 facing the through hole is provided with a second conductive layer, so that the second clamping block 312 is electrically in contact with the cable connection part 1 through the second conductive layer.

[0047] Specifically, the guide groove 37 can adopt a linear, spiral, or wavy groove structure, and the groove cross-sectional shape includes but is not limited to rectangular, trapezoidal, or semicircular. The diameter of the guide groove 37 is approximately 0.1-0.3 mm, ensuring cooling efficiency without increasing the porosity within the through-hole. The first and second conductive layers can be formed using electroplating, sputtering, or thermal spraying processes, with thicknesses controlled within the range of 10-50 microns. In a preferred embodiment, the conductive layer material is gold (Au). By setting the conductive layer material to gold, low-resistance contact with the cable connection portion 1 can be achieved. In other alternative embodiments, silver, copper, or conductive composite materials can also be used. The guide groove 37 is provided on the surfaces of the second clamping block 312 and the pressing block 32.

[0048] Specifically, the provision of the guide groove 37 facilitates the directional flow of the cooling medium inside the clamping assembly 3, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the cable connection part 1. The provision of the conductive layer realizes the electrical connection between the pressure block 32, the second clamping block 312 and the cable connection part 1, ensuring the stability of current transmission. By adjusting the thickness of the conductive layer and the size of the guide groove 37, the balance between the conductive performance and the cooling effect can be optimized. The guide groove 37 is provided on the second clamping block 312 and the pressure block 32. When the pressure block 32 moves radially, the contact area between the cooling medium flowing through the guide groove 37 and the cable connection part 1 provided in the through hole will also change. The position of the pressure block 32 can be adjusted according to the charge and discharge rate of the coil and the change of the local heat load to prevent the problem of local heat accumulation and large temperature fluctuations at the joint 2. This solution effectively solves the problems of insufficient cooling efficiency and local heat accumulation at the joint 2 of the superconducting cable, and has better electrical contact performance and thermal management capabilities than the traditional structure.

[0049] Furthermore, in the superconducting cable assembly provided in this embodiment, the cable connector 1 includes a first connector 11 and a second connector 12 fixedly connected to each other. The end of the first connector 11, remote from the second connector 12, is connected to one end of the cable body, and the second connector 12 is disposed within the through-hole of the clamping assembly 3. The first connector 11 includes a metal protective tube and multiple first cable strands disposed within the metal protective tube, each of the first cable strands being twisted. The second connector 12 includes multiple second cable strands, each of which is formed by untwisting the first cable strands. The multiple second cable strands are fixedly connected to each other. The first connector 11 is located outside the through-hole of the clamping assembly 3, and the second connector 12 is disposed within the through-hole of the clamping assembly 3. The superconducting cable assembly also includes a forced flow tube 8 fixed to the end of the sleeve 31 and the pressure block 32, remote from the cable body. The forced flow tube 8 communicates with the through-hole and is used to transfer a cooling medium into the through-hole of the clamping assembly 3.

[0050] The metal protective tube can be manufactured using a seamless extrusion molding process, and its inner diameter forms an interference fit with the outer diameter of the multiple strands of the first cable, and a fixed connection is achieved by heat assembly. The twisting direction of the multiple strands of the first cable adopts a left-hand or right-hand spiral structure. The detwisting process releases the torsional stress of the first cable strand by strand using a special clamp, and the detwisted primary cable is then soldered with Sn60Pb40 solder to achieve fixation. In a preferred implementation, the material of the metal protective tube is aluminum or copper. The metal protective tube is made of aluminum or copper, which can provide mechanical protection without negatively affecting the electromagnetic performance of the superconducting cable.

[0051] Specifically, this structure provides mechanical protection and electromagnetic shielding for the internal cable through a metal protective tube, thereby improving the efficiency of power transmission. The twisted structure of the first connection part 11 enhances the flexibility and bending resistance of the first connection part 11. The untwisted second connection part 12 has a better contact area and conductivity, and the stability of current transmission is ensured by the fixed connection of multiple strands of the second cable. The combination of the twisted first connection part 11 and the untwisted second connection part 12 not only maintains the structural integrity of the cable body, but also optimizes the electrical characteristics of the connection part.

[0052] Furthermore, the superconducting cable assembly provided in this embodiment refers to Figure 1 The connector 2 further includes a housing assembly, which includes a base plate 4, a housing 5, and a cover plate 6 that are fixed and sealed in sequence along the axial direction of the connector 2. The base plate 4, the housing 5, and the cover plate 6 together form a receiving space, and the clamping assembly 3 is located in the receiving space, and with reference to Figure 3 , the housing 5 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve 31, refer to Figure 3 An annular gap is formed between the inner wall of the housing 5 and the outer wall of the sleeve 31. Figure 1 The housing assembly further includes a transition tube 7, which is fixed to the base plate 4 and is located on the side of the base plate 4 away from the housing 5 in the axial direction of the joint 2. Figure 4 The first connecting portion 11 is passed through and fixedly connected to the transition tube 7. Figure 1The cover plate 6 has a protrusion formed on the side facing the sleeve 31, and a fixing hole is formed on the end of the cover plate 6 away from the sleeve 31. The forced flow tube 8 is inserted into the cover plate 6 along the axial direction of the joint 2 and is located on the side of the clamping assembly 3 away from the transition tube 7. One end of the forced flow tube 8 is connected to the through hole, and the other end is fixed to the fixing hole. The housing assembly also includes a connecting block 9, which is sleeved and pressed between the outer periphery of the forced flow tube 8 and the inner peripheral wall of the protrusion. In the axial direction of the joint 2, one end face of the connecting block 9 abuts against one end face of the sleeve 31 and one end face of the pressure block 32, respectively, to fix the cover plate 6, sleeve 31, pressure block 32, connecting block 9 and forced flow tube 8 together. The inner peripheral wall of the protrusion has a first inclined surface, and the outer wall of the connecting block 9 has a second inclined surface that matches the first inclined surface. The inner wall of the connecting block 9 has a third inclined surface, and the outer wall of the forced flow tube 8 has a fourth inclined surface that matches the third inclined surface.

[0053] Specifically, the substrate 4 is a tubular structure, which is sleeved on one side end of the transition tube 7 close to the shell 5, and the other side end of the shell 5 close to the transition tube 7. In addition, the substrate 4 is connected to the transition tube 7 and the shell 5 by welding to ensure structural strength and prevent the clamping assembly 3 arranged therein from being damaged. The first connecting portion 11 arranged in the transition tube 7 is fixed to the transition tube 7 by welding. The shell 5, the cover plate 6, and the forced flow tube 8 are fixed by welding. Specifically, the welding method between the substrate 4, the transition tube 7, the shell 5, the cover plate 6, and the forced flow tube 8 is preferably argon arc welding. The use of argon arc welding and high-purity argon as a shielding gas can effectively isolate active components such as oxygen and nitrogen in the air, avoid metal oxidation or contamination in the welding area, and ensure superconducting performance. The clamping assembly 3 is also connected to the connecting block 9 by welding.

[0054] The forced flow tube 8 is specifically a forced flow helium tube, which can provide a cooling medium for the connector 2. The cooling medium flows into the connector 2 from one side through the forced flow tube 8 and then flows out from the other side. The connecting block 9 is connected to the cover plate 6 by means of conical surface crimping. The connecting block 9 cooperates with the cover plate 6 to provide a cooling channel for the connector 2. The connecting block 9 can be designed in a split type, consisting of two symmetrical semi-rings, which is convenient for inserting the forced flow tube 8 during assembly. As a preferred embodiment, the taper angles of the first bevel, the second bevel, the third bevel and the fourth bevel can be designed to be 10°~20°, and the dual effects of radial self-centering and axial preload can be achieved through the matching of the bevels. The inside of the annular gap can be filled with conductive material, and when the two connectors 2 are stacked, electrical connection can be achieved. As another preferred implementation method, the connecting block 9 is crimped with the conical surface, indium wire and indium sheet of the cover plate 6 to realize the cooling channel of the connector 2. The liquid helium in the forced flow tube 8 can flow through the cooling channel. The compression joint between the conical surface and the indium wire and sheet disposed thereon ensures sealing performance and prevents leakage of the cooling medium. Furthermore, the use of the conical surface compression joint improves disassembly flexibility.

[0055] Thus, the structure protects the clamping assembly 3 through the shell structure. Moreover, compared with the prior art, the inclined surface matching design of the protrusion and the connecting block 9 effectively solves the stress concentration problem caused by the traditional rigid connection.

[0056] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the first clamping block 311 is made of stainless steel; the second clamping block 312 is made of oxygen-free copper; and the pressing block 32 is made of stainless steel. The stainless steel material for the first clamping block 311 provides sufficient structural strength and corrosion resistance, while the oxygen-free copper material for the second clamping block 312 helps ensure electrical conductivity and reduces the impact of oxygen content on superconductivity. The stainless steel material for the pressing block 32 ensures a stable clamping force.

[0057] Therefore, through the combination of the above materials, multiple technical problems such as conductive stability, mechanical strength and thermal management faced by superconducting cable assemblies in extreme working environments can be effectively solved.

[0058] Example 2:

[0059] Based on the superconducting cable assembly provided in Example 1, this embodiment provides a superconductor transmission line, referring to Figure 5 , including a first superconducting cable assembly B and a second superconducting cable assembly C. The first superconducting cable assembly B and the second superconducting cable assembly C both adopt the superconducting cable assembly described in Example 1, and the joint of the first superconducting cable assembly B and the joint of the second superconducting cable assembly C are stacked, fixed and electrically connected.

[0060] Specifically, the joints of the first superconducting cable assembly B and the second superconducting cable assembly C can be secured by wrapping a band or tie around the outer periphery, or by using threaded connections or other fixing methods. Electrical connection can be achieved by filling the annular gap formed between the inner wall of the housing of the two joints and the outer wall of the sleeve with a conductive material to achieve power transmission between the two cable assemblies.

[0061] And, reference Figure 5 The joints of the first superconducting cable assembly B and the second superconducting cable assembly C are stacked, with the cable body of the first superconducting cable assembly B located on the left side of the joint of the first superconducting cable assembly B. Electric energy is transmitted through the cable body of the first superconducting cable assembly B to the joint of the first superconducting cable assembly B, and then to the joint of the second superconducting cable assembly C. Then, electric energy is transmitted from the joint of the second superconducting cable assembly C toward the cable body of the second superconducting cable assembly C.

[0062] Thus, the structure achieves low-loss transmission between superconductors by stacking, fixing and electrically connecting the joints of two superconducting cable assemblies. Among them, the joints of the two superconducting cable assemblies can realize the adjustable aperture of the through hole for the cable to pass through, so that the porosity between the through hole and the cable passing through it can be adjusted, which is convenient for testing and studying the joints under different flow resistances and cooling flow rates. It can also optimize the distribution path of liquid helium according to the change of local heat load, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and significantly reducing the temperature fluctuation amplitude. Moreover, even in the face of long-term multiple thermal cycles or variable load operation, the aperture of the through hole can be adjusted to adapt the cooling path in the through hole to different cooling efficiency requirements. In addition, the stacked structure can reduce the space occupied by the connection while maintaining the continuity of the guide path. This structure is particularly suitable for superconducting devices such as stellarators that require a compact layout.

[0063] Example 3:

[0064] Based on the superconductor transmission line provided in Example 2, this embodiment provides a stellarator, including the superconductor transmission line described in Example 2.

[0065] Specifically, the superconductor transmission lines in the stellarator are electrically connected via a joint that secures two superconducting cable assemblies together. This stellarator's technical solution, through its use of a joint design that secures two superconducting cable assemblies together, addresses the complex connection structures of superconductor transmission lines in traditional stellarators, resulting in heat accumulation at the joints, large temperature fluctuations, and insufficient cooling efficiency under specific operating conditions.

[0066] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is provided to further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and that the present invention should not be construed as being limited to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art may make various changes in form and detail, including simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A superconducting cable assembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises a superconducting cable and a joint, wherein the superconducting cable comprises a cable body and a cable connecting portion connected to one end of the cable body, and the cable connecting portion is arranged inside the joint along the axial direction of the joint; The connector includes a clamping assembly, which includes a sleeve and a pressure block. The sleeve includes a first clamping block and a second clamping block that are arranged opposite to each other in the circumferential direction and fixed to each other. The first clamping block and the second clamping block surround a cavity. The pressure block is arranged in the cavity along the axial direction of the sleeve, and a through hole for the cable connecting portion to pass through is formed between the pressure block and the second clamping block. The axial direction of the sleeve is parallel to the axial direction of the connector. In addition, the first clamping block locks and fixes the pressure block through a locking structure so that the pressure block is pressed against the outer periphery of the cable connecting part along the radial direction of the sleeve, and the position of the pressure block in the radial direction of the sleeve relative to the locking and fixing position of the first clamping block is adjustable, so that the aperture of the through hole is adjustable.

2. The superconducting cable assembly according to claim 1, wherein The locking structure includes a locking member, the first clamping block is provided with a connecting hole passing through the first clamping block along the radial direction of the sleeve, and the pressing block is provided with a countersunk hole corresponding to the connecting hole; The locking piece passes through the connecting hole and extends into the countersunk hole and is fixed relative to the countersunk hole. The locking piece can move in the connecting hole to adjust the locking position of the pressure block relative to the first clamping block in the radial direction of the sleeve.

3. The superconducting cable assembly according to claim 2, wherein: The outer periphery of the locking member is provided with an external thread, and the wall surfaces of the connecting hole and the countersunk hole are both provided with an internal thread adapted to the external thread; There are multiple connecting holes, and the multiple connecting holes are evenly spaced in the axial direction of the sleeve. There are multiple countersunk holes and multiple locking pieces, and the multiple locking pieces are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple connecting holes and the multiple countersunk holes. Each locking piece passes through the corresponding connecting hole and extends into the corresponding countersunk hole and is fixed relatively to the countersunk hole.

4. The superconducting cable assembly according to claim 1, wherein: A semicircular groove is formed on one side of the second clamping block and the pressing block that are opposite to each other, and the semicircular grooves of the second clamping block and the pressing block jointly define the through hole; and In the circumferential direction of the sleeve, the first surface of the first clamping block and the first surface of the second clamping block are in contact with each other and are both provided with a first stepped sealing structure adapted to each other; the second surface of the first clamping block and the second surface of the second clamping block are in contact with each other and are both provided with a second stepped sealing structure adapted to each other; a separation layer is provided between the first stepped sealing structures and between the second stepped sealing structures; and In the second clamping block, the wall surface of the semicircular groove is connected between the first surface and the second surface; the clamping assembly also includes a fastener, and the first clamping block and the second clamping block are respectively provided with a plurality of radial threaded holes, and the fastener passes through the corresponding radial threaded holes to relatively fix the first clamping block and the second clamping block.

5. The superconducting cable assembly according to claim 4, wherein: The wall surface of the second clamping block facing the through hole and the wall surface of the pressing block facing the through hole are both provided with a guide groove extending along the axial direction of the sleeve; and A first conductive layer is provided on the wall surface of the pressing block facing the through hole, so that the pressing block is in electrical contact with the cable connecting portion through the first conductive layer; A second conductive layer is provided on a wall surface of the second clamping block facing the through hole, so that the second clamping block is in electrical contact with the cable connecting portion through the second conductive layer.

6. The superconducting cable assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The cable connecting portion includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion fixedly connected to each other, wherein one end of the first connecting portion away from the second connecting portion is connected to one end of the cable body; The first connecting portion includes a metal protective tube and a plurality of first cables passing through the metal protective tube, wherein each first cable is twisted. The second connecting portion includes a plurality of second electrical cables, each of which is formed by untwisting the first electrical cable, and the plurality of second electrical cables are fixedly connected to each other; The first connecting portion is located outside the through hole of the clamping assembly, and the second connecting portion is passed through the through hole of the clamping assembly; The superconducting cable assembly further includes a forced flow tube fixed to the sleeve and an end of the pressure block away from the cable body, and the forced flow tube is connected to the through hole for transmitting cooling medium into the through hole of the clamping assembly.

7. The superconducting cable assembly according to claim 6, wherein: The connector further includes a housing assembly, the housing assembly comprising a base plate, a housing, and a cover plate fixed and sealed in sequence along the axial direction of the connector, the base plate, the housing, and the cover plate collectively forming an accommodation space, the clamping assembly being located within the accommodation space, and the housing being sleeved around the outer circumference of the sleeve, with an annular gap formed between the inner wall surface of the housing and the outer wall surface of the sleeve; The housing assembly further includes a transition tube, which is fixed to the base plate and located on a side of the base plate away from the housing in the axial direction of the joint, and the first connecting portion is passed through and fixedly connected to the transition tube; A protrusion is formed on one side of the cover plate facing the sleeve, and a fixing hole is formed on the end of the cover plate away from the sleeve; The forced flow pipe is provided in the cover plate along the axial direction of the joint and is located on a side of the clamping assembly away from the transition cylinder. One end of the forced flow pipe is communicated with the through hole, and the other end is fixed to the fixing hole. The housing assembly further includes a connecting block, which is sleeved and pressed between the outer periphery of the forced flow tube and the inner peripheral wall of the protruding portion. In the axial direction of the joint, one end surface of the connecting block abuts against one end surface of the sleeve and one end surface of the pressing block, so that the cover plate, the sleeve, the pressing block, the connecting block and the forced flow tube are fixed together; The inner peripheral wall of the protrusion is formed with a first inclined surface, the outer wall of the connecting block is formed with a second inclined surface adapted to the first inclined surface, the inner wall of the connecting block is formed with a third inclined surface, and the outer wall of the forced flow tube is formed with a fourth inclined surface adapted to the third inclined surface.

8. A superconductor transmission line, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first superconducting cable assembly and a second superconducting cable assembly, wherein the first superconducting cable assembly and the second superconducting cable assembly are both superconducting cable assemblies according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and a joint of the first superconducting cable assembly and a joint of the second superconducting cable assembly are stacked, fixedly arranged, and electrically connected.

9. A stellarator, characterized in that: Comprising the superconductor transmission line according to claim 8.

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