Capacitor leakage control circuit, battery power supply system, power supply device and electronic equipment
By designing a capacitor leakage control circuit, the capacitor switching circuit and the main control circuit are used to automatically control the opening and closing of the capacitor, which solves the leakage problem of large-capacity capacitors during standby and reduces the standby power consumption of electronic devices.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521051810.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-05-26
AI Technical Summary
Large-capacity capacitors continuously leak current when electronic devices are in standby mode, resulting in high standby power consumption. Furthermore, existing solutions cannot automatically open and close the capacitor's path based on the system status.
Design a capacitor leakage current control circuit, including a capacitor, a capacitor switching circuit and a main control circuit. When the main control circuit receives a working signal, it connects the capacitor to the ground terminal and disconnects the electrical connection when it receives a standby signal, thereby realizing automatic control of the opening and closing of the capacitor's path.
It effectively avoids capacitor leakage, reduces standby power consumption of electronic devices, and achieves automatic control based on system status without relying on manual switches.
Smart Images
Figure CN224191634U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic circuit technology, and in particular to a capacitor leakage control circuit, a battery power supply system, a power supply device, and an electronic device. Background Technology
[0002] In electronic devices, large-capacity capacitors are often used for power filtering or energy storage. However, continuous leakage of current by capacitors during standby can accelerate battery depletion and lead to high standby power consumption. Furthermore, existing solutions rely on hardware switches to manually disconnect the capacitors, which cannot automatically open and close the capacitor circuit based on system status. Summary of the Invention
[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a capacitor leakage control circuit, a battery power supply system, a power supply device and an electronic device to solve the problem of high standby power consumption caused by capacitor leakage.
[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:
[0005] A capacitor leakage current control circuit includes:
[0006] A capacitor, wherein the first end of the capacitor is used to connect to a power source;
[0007] A capacitor switching circuit, wherein the input terminal of the capacitor switching circuit is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor, and the output terminal of the capacitor switching circuit is grounded;
[0008] The main control circuit has its output terminal connected to the controlled terminal of the capacitor switching circuit. When a working signal is received, the main control circuit controls the capacitor switching circuit to connect the capacitor to ground. When a standby signal is received, the main control circuit also controls the capacitor switching circuit to disconnect the capacitor from ground.
[0009] Optionally, the capacitor switching circuit includes a first NMOS transistor, the gate of which is connected to the output terminal of the main control circuit, the source of which is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor, and the drain of which is grounded.
[0010] Optionally, the capacitor leakage control circuit further includes:
[0011] A status indicator circuit is provided, wherein the input terminal of the status indicator circuit is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor, and the second terminal of the status indicator circuit is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor. The status indicator circuit is used to operate when the electrical connection between the capacitor and ground is made active.
[0012] Optionally, the status indication circuit includes a first light-emitting diode and a first resistor, wherein the anode of the first light-emitting diode is connected to a first terminal of the capacitor, the cathode of the first light-emitting diode is connected to a first terminal of the first resistor, and the second terminal of the first resistor is connected to a second terminal of the capacitor.
[0013] Optionally, the capacitor leakage control circuit further includes:
[0014] A delay timer is electrically connected to the main control circuit. The main control circuit is used to control the delay timer to start timing when it receives a power-off signal, and to control the capacitor switch circuit to disconnect the capacitor from the ground when it receives a timing trigger signal output by the delay timer.
[0015] Optionally, the capacitor leakage control circuit further includes:
[0016] A leakage current detection circuit is provided, wherein the detection terminal of the leakage current detection circuit is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor, and the output terminal of the leakage current detection circuit is connected to the input terminal of the main control circuit. The leakage current detection circuit is used to detect the voltage of the capacitor and output a voltage detection signal to the main control circuit.
[0017] Optionally, the leakage current detection circuit includes:
[0018] A bandgap reference source is used to provide a reference voltage;
[0019] A differential comparator is provided, wherein the first input terminal of the differential comparator is connected to the bandgap reference source, the second input terminal of the differential comparator is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor, and the output terminal of the differential comparator is connected to the input terminal of the main control circuit. The differential comparator is used to compare the reference voltage and the voltage of the capacitor and output a voltage detection signal to the main control circuit.
[0020] This utility model also proposes a battery power supply system, including the capacitor leakage control circuit described above.
[0021] This utility model also proposes a power supply device, including the capacitor leakage control circuit described above.
[0022] This utility model also proposes an electronic device, including the power supply device described above.
[0023] This utility model's technical solution comprises a capacitor, a capacitor switching circuit, and a main control circuit to form a capacitor leakage control circuit. The first end of the capacitor is connected to a power source; the input end of the capacitor switching circuit is connected to the second end of the capacitor, and the output end of the capacitor switching circuit is grounded; the output end of the main control circuit is connected to the controlled end of the capacitor switching circuit. The main control circuit, upon receiving a working signal, controls the capacitor switching circuit to connect the capacitor to ground; the main control circuit, upon receiving a standby signal, controls the capacitor switching circuit to disconnect the capacitor from ground. Thus, this capacitor leakage control circuit can disconnect the capacitor's path when the device is in standby mode, preventing leakage and reducing standby power consumption. Furthermore, the main control circuit can control the capacitor's path to be turned on or off based on working and standby signals, eliminating the need for a manual switch. Attached Figure Description
[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0025] Figure 1 This is a functional module schematic diagram of an embodiment of the capacitor leakage control circuit of this utility model.
[0026] Figure 2 This is a functional module schematic diagram of another embodiment of the capacitor leakage control circuit of this utility model.
[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of an embodiment of the capacitor leakage control circuit of this utility model.
[0028] Figure 4 This is a functional module schematic diagram of another embodiment of the capacitor leakage control circuit of this utility model.
[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of an embodiment of the capacitor leakage control circuit of this utility model.
[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 10, Capacitor switch circuit; 20, Main control circuit; 30, Leakage detection circuit; 31, Bandgap reference source; 32, Differential comparator; 40, Status indicator circuit; 50, Delay timer; C1, Capacitor; D1, First NMOS transistor; L1, First light-emitting diode; R1, First resistor. Detailed Implementation
[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this utility model clearer and more explicit, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.
[0032] In the implementation methods and claims, unless otherwise specified in the text, the terms "a," "an," "the," and "the" may also include plural forms. If the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions of "first," "second," etc., such descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.
[0033] It should be further understood that the term "comprising" as used in this specification means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when an element is referred to as "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements present. Furthermore, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein can include wireless connections or wireless coupling. The term "and / or" as used herein includes all or any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.
[0034] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as herein.
[0035] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.
[0036] In electronic devices, large-capacity capacitors are often used for power filtering or energy storage. However, continuous leakage of current by capacitors during standby can accelerate battery depletion and lead to high standby power consumption. Furthermore, existing solutions rely on hardware switches to manually disconnect the capacitors, which cannot automatically open and close the capacitor circuit based on system status.
[0037] To solve the above problems, this utility model proposes a capacitor leakage control circuit.
[0038] Reference Figure 1 In one embodiment, the capacitor leakage control circuit includes:
[0039] Capacitor C1, the first end of which is used to connect to a power source;
[0040] A capacitor switching circuit 10 is provided, wherein the input terminal of the capacitor switching circuit 10 is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C1, and the output terminal of the capacitor switching circuit is grounded.
[0041] The main control circuit 20 has its output terminal connected to the controlled terminal of the capacitor switch circuit 10. When a working signal is received, the main control circuit 20 controls the capacitor switch circuit 10 to connect the capacitor C1 to the ground terminal. The main control circuit 20 is also used to control the capacitor switch circuit 10 to disconnect the capacitor C1 from the ground terminal when a standby signal is received.
[0042] In this embodiment, capacitor C1 can be a large-capacity capacitor, and the specific capacitance can be set according to actual conditions and user needs. In electronic devices, capacitor C1 can smooth power output, reduce voltage fluctuations and noise. The filtering effect of capacitor C1 is crucial for ensuring power stability and improving circuit performance. For example, in switching power supplies and linear power supplies, capacitor C1 can store electrical energy and release it when the load demand increases instantaneously, thereby maintaining a stable voltage. Furthermore, capacitor C1 can be used to temporarily store energy for rapid release when needed. For example, in flashlights, audio equipment, and power tools, capacitor C1 can provide a large current for a short time to meet instantaneous high power demands. The capacitor switching circuit 10 can be composed of switching devices, such as MOSFETs, thyristors, or IGBTs. The main control circuit 20 can be composed of a controller or control chip, as well as electronic components such as resistors and capacitors. The controller can be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), microprocessor, or MCU. The main control circuit 20 can receive the operating signal and standby signal of the electronic device. These signals can be triggered by the user pressing buttons on the electronic device. When the main control circuit 20 receives the operating signal when the electronic device starts working, it controls the capacitor switching circuit 10 to connect capacitor C1 to ground, allowing capacitor C1 to function as a filter and store energy. Conversely, when the main control circuit 20 receives the standby signal when the electronic device is in standby mode, it controls the capacitor switching circuit 10 to disconnect capacitor C1 from ground, preventing leakage and reducing standby power consumption.
[0043] This utility model's technical solution uses a capacitor C1, a capacitor switching circuit 10, and a main control circuit 20 to construct a capacitor leakage control circuit. The first end of capacitor C1 is connected to a power source; the input end of the capacitor switching circuit 10 is connected to the second end of capacitor C1, and the output end of the capacitor switching circuit is grounded; the output end of the main control circuit 20 is connected to the controlled end of the capacitor switching circuit 10. The main control circuit 20, upon receiving a working signal, controls the capacitor switching circuit 10 to connect capacitor C1 to ground; the main control circuit 20, upon receiving a standby signal, controls the capacitor switching circuit 10 to disconnect capacitor C1 from ground. Thus, this capacitor leakage control circuit can disconnect the capacitor's path when the device is in standby mode, preventing leakage and reducing standby power consumption. Furthermore, the main control circuit 20 can control the capacitor's path to be turned on or off based on the working signal and the standby signal, eliminating the need for a manual switch.
[0044] Reference Figure 3 In one embodiment, the capacitor switching circuit 10 includes a first NMOS transistor D1, the gate of the first NMOS transistor D1 is connected to the output terminal of the main control circuit 20, the source of the first NMOS transistor D1 is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C1, and the drain of the first NMOS transistor D1 is grounded.
[0045] In this embodiment, the capacitor switching circuit 10 can use a switching device with low on-resistance, such as an NMOS transistor. In this embodiment, when the gate of the first NMOS transistor D1 receives a high-level electrical signal output by the main control circuit 20, the first NMOS transistor D1 is turned on, thus connecting the capacitor C1 to the ground. When the gate of the first NMOS transistor D1 receives a low-level electrical signal output by the main control circuit 20, the first NMOS transistor D1 is turned off, thus disconnecting the capacitor C1 from the ground.
[0046] Reference Figure 1 In one embodiment, the capacitor leakage control circuit further includes:
[0047] The leakage current detection circuit 30 has its detection terminal connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C1 and its output terminal connected to the input terminal of the main control circuit 20. The leakage current detection circuit 30 is used to detect the voltage of the capacitor C1 and output a voltage detection signal to the main control circuit 20.
[0048] In this embodiment, the detection terminal of the leakage current detection circuit 30 is located between the second terminal of capacitor C1 and the input terminal of capacitor switching circuit 10. Thus, the leakage current detection circuit can detect the voltage output from capacitor C1 to capacitor switching circuit 10 and output a corresponding voltage detection signal to the main control circuit 20. When the main control circuit 20 determines that the voltage on capacitor switching circuit 10 is abnormal based on the voltage detection signal, it can control capacitor switching circuit 10 to disconnect the electrical connection between capacitor C1 and ground. The leakage current detection circuit 30 can also detect whether the current is abnormal.
[0049] Reference Figure 2 In one embodiment, the leakage current detection circuit 30 includes:
[0050] Bandgap reference source 31 is used to provide a reference voltage;
[0051] The differential comparator 32 has its first input terminal connected to the bandgap reference source 31, its second input terminal connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C1, and its output terminal connected to the input terminal of the main control circuit 20. The differential comparator 32 is used to compare the reference voltage and the voltage of the capacitor C1, and outputs a voltage detection signal to the main control circuit 20.
[0052] In this embodiment, the leakage current detection circuit 30 can be composed of a bandgap reference source 31 and a differential comparator 32. The bandgap reference source 31 can provide a stable reference voltage, ensuring the reliability of the leakage current detection circuit 30 under different temperature and power supply voltage conditions, and making the operation of the differential comparator 32 more accurate, thus improving the sensitivity and accuracy of leakage current detection. The differential comparator 32 can compare the difference between the input signal (such as the voltage or current of capacitor C1) and the reference voltage. When an abnormal leakage voltage or current is detected, it can output a corresponding electrical signal to the main control circuit 20. The judgment criteria for voltage or current abnormalities of the differential comparator 32 can be set according to actual conditions and user requirements.
[0053] Reference Figure 4 In one embodiment, the capacitor leakage control circuit further includes:
[0054] A status indicator circuit 40 is provided, wherein the input terminal of the status indicator circuit 40 is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C1, and the second terminal of the status indicator circuit 40 is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C1. The status indicator circuit 40 is used to operate when the electrical connection between the capacitor C1 and the ground terminal is made on.
[0055] In this embodiment, the status indicator circuit 40 can be used to indicate the on and off states of capacitor C1. For example, by using a light-emitting device such as an LED, the LED lights up when the electrical connection between capacitor C1 and ground is made on, representing the on state of capacitor C1; and the LED lights go out when the electrical connection between capacitor C1 and ground is made off, representing the off state of capacitor C1.
[0056] Reference Figure 5 In one embodiment, the status indication circuit 40 includes a first light-emitting diode L1 and a first resistor R1. The anode of the first light-emitting diode L1 is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C1, the cathode of the first light-emitting diode L1 is connected to the first terminal of the first resistor R1, and the second terminal of the first resistor R1 is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor C1.
[0057] In this embodiment, the first resistor R1 can act as a current-limiting resistor to prevent excessive current in the circuit from damaging the first light-emitting diode L1. The first light-emitting diode L1 serves as an indicator; when the capacitor C1 is in the conducting state, the first light-emitting diode L1 is lit, and when the capacitor C1 is in the open state, the first light-emitting diode L1 is off.
[0058] Reference Figure 4 In one embodiment, the capacitor leakage control circuit further includes:
[0059] A delay timer 50 is electrically connected to the main control circuit 20. The main control circuit 20 is used to control the delay timer 50 to start timing when it receives a power-off signal, and to control the capacitor switch circuit 10 to disconnect the capacitor C1 from the ground when it receives a timing trigger signal output by the delay timer 50.
[0060] In this embodiment, the delay timer 50 can delay the disconnection time of capacitor C1 when the electronic device is powered off. Specifically, when the main control circuit 20 receives the power-off signal, it controls the delay timer 50 to start timing. When the delay timer 50 reaches the preset delay time, it outputs a timing trigger signal to the main control circuit 20. At this time, the main control circuit 20 then controls the capacitor switch circuit 10 to disconnect the electrical connection between capacitor C1 and ground, thus achieving the function of delaying capacitor disconnection. Alternatively, it can also delay the conduction time of capacitor C1 when the electronic device is powered on. Specifically, when the main control circuit 20 receives the power-on signal, it controls the delay timer 50 to start timing. When the delay timer 50 reaches the preset delay time, it outputs a timing trigger signal to the main control circuit 20. At this time, the main control circuit 20 then controls the capacitor switch circuit 10 to connect capacitor C1 to ground, thus achieving the function of delaying capacitor conduction. The timing time of the delay timer 50 can be set according to actual conditions and user needs.
[0061] This utility model also proposes a battery-powered system.
[0062] In one embodiment, the battery power supply system includes the capacitor leakage control circuit described above. It is understood that, since the above-described capacitor leakage control circuit is used in the battery power supply system of this utility model, the embodiments of the battery power supply system of this utility model include all the technical solutions of all embodiments of the above-described capacitor leakage control circuit, and the achieved technical effects are completely the same, and will not be repeated here.
[0063] This utility model also proposes a power supply device.
[0064] In one embodiment, the power supply device includes the battery power supply system described above. It is understood that since the power supply device of this utility model uses the aforementioned battery power supply system, the embodiments of the power supply device of this utility model include all the technical solutions of all embodiments of the aforementioned battery power supply system, and the achieved technical effects are completely the same, and will not be repeated here.
[0065] This utility model also proposes an electronic device.
[0066] In one embodiment, the electronic device includes the power supply device as described above. It is understood that since the above-described power supply device is used in the electronic device of this utility model, the embodiments of the electronic device of this utility model include all the technical solutions of all embodiments of the above-described power supply device, and the achieved technical effects are completely the same, and will not be repeated here. The electronic device of this embodiment can be applied to portable electronic devices, IoT terminals, wearable devices, and other scenarios requiring low-power standby.
[0067] It should be understood that the application of this utility model is not limited to the examples above. Those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. A capacitor leakage current control circuit, characterized in that, include: A capacitor, wherein the first end of the capacitor is used to connect to a power source; A capacitor switching circuit, wherein the input terminal of the capacitor switching circuit is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor, and the output terminal of the capacitor switching circuit is grounded; The main control circuit has its output terminal connected to the controlled terminal of the capacitor switching circuit. When a working signal is received, the main control circuit controls the capacitor switching circuit to connect the capacitor to ground. When a standby signal is received, the main control circuit also controls the capacitor switching circuit to disconnect the capacitor from ground.
2. The capacitor leakage control circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The capacitor switching circuit includes a first NMOS transistor, the gate of which is connected to the output terminal of the main control circuit, the source of which is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor, and the drain of which is grounded.
3. The capacitor leakage control circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The capacitor leakage control circuit also includes: A status indicator circuit is provided, wherein the input terminal of the status indicator circuit is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor, and the second terminal of the status indicator circuit is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor. The status indicator circuit is used to operate when the electrical connection between the capacitor and ground is made active.
4. The capacitor leakage control circuit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The status indication circuit includes a first light-emitting diode and a first resistor. The anode of the first light-emitting diode is connected to a first terminal of the capacitor, the cathode of the first light-emitting diode is connected to a first terminal of the first resistor, and the second terminal of the first resistor is connected to a second terminal of the capacitor.
5. The capacitance leakage control circuit of claim 1, wherein, The capacitor leakage control circuit also includes: A delay timer is electrically connected to the main control circuit. The main control circuit is used to control the delay timer to start timing when it receives a power-off signal, and to control the capacitor switch circuit to disconnect the capacitor from the ground when it receives a timing trigger signal output by the delay timer.
6. The capacitor leakage control circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The capacitor leakage control circuit also includes: A leakage current detection circuit is provided, wherein the detection terminal of the leakage current detection circuit is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor, and the output terminal of the leakage current detection circuit is connected to the input terminal of the main control circuit. The leakage current detection circuit is used to detect the voltage of the capacitor and output a voltage detection signal to the main control circuit.
7. The capacitor leakage control circuit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The leakage current detection circuit includes: A bandgap reference source is used to provide a reference voltage; A differential comparator is provided, wherein the first input terminal of the differential comparator is connected to the bandgap reference source, the second input terminal of the differential comparator is connected to the second terminal of the capacitor, and the output terminal of the differential comparator is connected to the input terminal of the main control circuit. The differential comparator is used to compare the reference voltage and the voltage of the capacitor and output a voltage detection signal to the main control circuit.
8. A battery powered system, characterized by Includes the capacitor leakage control circuit as described in any one of claims 1-7.
9. A power supply device, characterized in that, Includes the battery-powered system as described in claim 8.
10. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the power supply device as described in claim 9.