A laser control device

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of laser control technology, specifically relating to a laser control device, including a laser power detection module, a data processing module, a control signal generation module, a drive circuit module, and a laser. The output terminal of the laser power detection module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the data processing module, used to detect the laser power output by the laser in real time and transmit the detection signal to the data processing module. The output terminal of the data processing module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the control signal generation module. The data processing module receives the signal from the laser power detection module, compares the actual detected laser power value with a preset stable power value, calculates the difference, and generates a control command based on the difference, which is then sent to the control signal generation module. This invention solves the problem of low accuracy of detection elements in existing control devices and the difficulty in accurately capturing minute changes in laser power, meeting the requirements of industries such as automotive manufacturing for controlling laser power fluctuations within a very small range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of laser control technology, and specifically relates to a laser control device. Background Technology

[0002] Lasers, as an advanced light source, have found widespread application in various fields such as industrial processing, medical treatment, and scientific research due to their high brightness, high directionality, and high monochromaticity. In industrial processing, laser cutting, welding, and drilling technologies have become mainstream processing methods. Taking laser cutting as an example, in the automotive manufacturing industry, laser cutting equipment is used for processing parts, and the cutting accuracy needs to be controlled within ±0.1mm. However, fluctuations in laser output power can lead to increased surface roughness. When the power fluctuation exceeds ±5%, the cutting accuracy error will exceed the standard range, not only reducing product quality but also increasing the scrap rate and raising production costs.

[0003] In the medical field, laser therapy has brought new hope to many patients. In ophthalmic surgery, excimer lasers are used to correct myopia, requiring the laser output power to be stable within ±2%. Otherwise, surgical errors may occur, affecting the patient's visual recovery and even leading to serious medical accidents. In scientific research experiments, such as laser spectral analysis and interferometry, the requirements for laser output power stability are even more stringent. For example, in high-precision spectral analysis experiments, power fluctuations can cause deviations in spectral data, rendering experimental results unreliable and potentially misleading research directions.

[0004] Most existing laser control devices employ open-loop control or feedback control mechanisms, which suffer from slow response speed and low accuracy. These devices struggle to monitor and regulate laser output power in real-time and accurately in response to interference factors such as temperature changes, power supply voltage fluctuations, and load variations during laser operation. Furthermore, traditional control devices have limited data processing capabilities, failing to effectively analyze and compensate for complex interference signals, leading to fluctuations in laser output power and failing to meet the stringent stability requirements of various fields. Therefore, developing a laser control device that can effectively improve laser output power stability and reduce fluctuations is of significant practical importance. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention provides a laser control device to solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A laser control device includes a laser power detection module, a data processing module, a control signal generation module, a drive circuit module, and a laser; the output terminal of the laser power detection module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the data processing module, and is used to detect the laser power output by the laser in real time and transmit the detection signal to the data processing module.

[0008] The output of the data processing module is electrically connected to the input of the control signal generation module. The data processing module receives the signal from the laser power detection module, compares the actual detected laser power value with the preset stable power value, calculates the difference, and generates a control command based on the difference, which is then sent to the control signal generation module.

[0009] The output of the control signal generation module is electrically connected to the input of the drive circuit module. The control signal generation module generates corresponding control signals according to the control instructions sent by the data processing module and transmits them to the drive circuit module.

[0010] The output of the drive circuit module is electrically connected to the laser. The drive circuit module receives the control signal output by the control signal generation module and converts it into a suitable drive current or voltage to drive the laser to work.

[0011] Furthermore, the laser power detection module includes a preamplifier circuit composed of a laser power sensor U1 and a preamplifier chip U2, and an A / D conversion circuit composed of an A / D conversion chip U3;

[0012] The signal output pin of the laser power sensor U1 is connected to the signal input pin of the preamplifier chip U2. The output pin of the preamplifier chip U2 is connected to the analog signal input pin of the A / D converter chip U3. The digital signal output pin of the A / D converter chip U3 is connected to the input terminal of the data processing module.

[0013] Furthermore, the data processing module uses a high-performance 32-bit ARM microprocessor U4, model STM32F407.

[0014] Furthermore, the control signal generation module adopts a digital pulse width modulation (PWM) circuit composed of a PWM control chip U5. The PWM control chip U5 receives control commands sent by the data processing module, changes the duty cycle of the PWM signal through internal register configuration, precisely adjusts the voltage or current amplitude of the control signal, and transmits the adjusted PWM control signal to the drive circuit module through its output pin to achieve precise control of the drive circuit module.

[0015] Furthermore, the driving circuit module adopts a driving circuit composed of a high-speed power MOSFET Q1. The driving circuit module receives the PWM control signal output by the control signal generation module through the optocoupler isolation chip U6, and converts the PWM control signal into a suitable driving current or voltage through the signal amplification circuit to drive the high-speed power MOSFET Q1 to work.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature monitoring module, the output of which is electrically connected to another input of the data processing module.

[0017] Furthermore, a communication module is also provided, which is bidirectionally electrically connected to the data processing module. The data processing module uploads the real-time operating parameters of the laser to external devices through the communication module, and receives control commands sent by external devices to remotely regulate the operating status of the laser.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The laser power detection module of this invention employs a laser power sensor U1 with a response time of less than 10μs and a measurement accuracy of ±0.1%, paired with a 16-bit resolution A / D conversion chip U3, enabling precise capture of minute changes in laser power. Simultaneously, the data processing module runs an adaptive control algorithm based on Kalman filtering and PID control principles, performing comprehensive calculations in conjunction with temperature signals to achieve precise regulation of the laser output power, controlling power fluctuations within ±0.5%. This solves the problem of low accuracy of detection elements and difficulty in accurately capturing minute changes in laser power in existing control devices, meeting the requirements of industries such as automotive manufacturing for controlling laser power fluctuations within an extremely small range.

[0020] Fast feedback adjustment: The overall control chain design of this device is optimized. From the laser power detection module detecting a power change to the drive circuit module responding, the total delay is far less than 100ms in traditional devices. After the laser power detection module detects the signal, the data processing module, powered by the high-performance STM32F407 microprocessor, quickly processes the data and generates control commands. The control signal generation module rapidly adjusts the control signal at a 100kHz PWM frequency. The high-speed power MOSFET Q1 in the drive circuit module switches at a speed of less than 50ns, enabling timely compensation for power fluctuations and avoiding laser power instability caused by feedback adjustment delays.

[0021] Significantly improved environmental adaptability: The temperature monitoring module employs a high-precision thermistor sensor with a measurement accuracy of ±0.1℃, enabling real-time monitoring of the laser's operating temperature. The data processing module, based on the received temperature signal and a pre-set temperature-power compensation model, corrects the control commands. In environments with temperature variations ranging from -20℃ to 80℃, this device effectively compensates for the impact of temperature changes on laser output power, overcoming the limitation of most existing control devices where laser output power fluctuations can reach 10% in scenarios with drastic temperature changes, thus ensuring normal operation of the equipment in complex environments.

[0022] Balancing remote control and stability: The communication module supports RS485 or WiFi communication, enabling data interaction with the host computer and remote server, facilitating researchers to remotely control the laser's operating status. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a laser control device according to the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this utility model, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0026] In the accompanying drawings of this utility model, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" or similar designation indicating the connection relationship between components should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model is a laser control device, comprising a laser power detection module 1, a data processing module 2, a control signal generation module 3, a drive circuit module 4, and a laser 5; the output terminal of the laser power detection module 1 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the data processing module 2, and is used to detect the laser power output by the laser 5 in real time and transmit the detection signal to the data processing module 2;

[0030] The output of the data processing module 2 is electrically connected to the input of the control signal generation module 3. The data processing module 2 receives the signal from the laser power detection module 1, compares the actual detected laser power value with the preset stable power value, calculates the difference, and generates a control command based on the difference, which is then sent to the control signal generation module 3.

[0031] The output terminal of the control signal generation module 3 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the drive circuit module 4. The control signal generation module 3 generates corresponding control signals according to the control instructions sent by the data processing module 2 and transmits them to the drive circuit module 4.

[0032] The output of the drive circuit module 4 is electrically connected to the laser 5. The drive circuit module 4 receives the control signal output by the control signal generation module 3 and converts it into a suitable drive current or voltage to drive the laser 5 to work.

[0033] The laser power detection module 1 includes a laser power sensor U1, a preamplifier circuit composed of a preamplifier chip U2, and an A / D conversion circuit composed of an A / D conversion chip U3;

[0034] The signal output pin of the laser power sensor U1 is connected to the signal input pin of the preamplifier chip U2, the output pin of the preamplifier chip U2 is connected to the analog signal input pin of the A / D converter chip U3, and the digital signal output pin of the A / D converter chip U3 is connected to the input terminal of the data processing module 2.

[0035] Data processing module 2 uses a high-performance 32-bit ARM microprocessor U4, model STM32F407.

[0036] The control signal generation module 3 adopts a digital pulse width modulation (PWM) circuit composed of a PWM control chip U5. The PWM control chip U5 receives the control command sent by the data processing module 2, changes the duty cycle of the PWM signal through the internal register configuration, precisely adjusts the voltage or current amplitude of the control signal, and transmits the adjusted PWM control signal to the drive circuit module 4 through its output pin to achieve precise control of the drive circuit module 4.

[0037] The drive circuit module 4 uses a drive circuit composed of a high-speed power MOSFET Q1. The drive circuit module 4 receives the PWM control signal output by the control signal generation module 3 through the optocoupler isolation chip U6, and converts the PWM control signal into a suitable drive current or voltage through the signal amplification circuit to drive the high-speed power MOSFET Q1 to work.

[0038] It also includes a temperature monitoring module 6, the output of which is electrically connected to another input of the data processing module 2.

[0039] A communication module 7 is also provided, which is bidirectionally electrically connected to the data processing module 2. The data processing module 2 uploads the real-time operating parameters of the laser 5 to external devices through the communication module 7, and receives control commands sent by external devices to remotely regulate the operating status of the laser 5.

[0040] The laser power detection module 1 is used to detect the laser power output by the laser 5 in real time and transmit the detection signal to the data processing module 2. It includes a high-precision laser power sensor U1 based on the thermoelectric effect, a preamplifier circuit composed of a preamplifier chip U2, and an A / D conversion circuit composed of an A / D conversion chip U3. The laser power sensor U1 has a response time of less than 10μs and a power measurement accuracy of ±0.1%, capable of converting the detected laser power into a weak electrical signal. This weak electrical signal is first transmitted to the preamplifier chip U2, amplified by the preamplifier circuit, and then input to the A / D conversion chip U3. The A / D conversion chip U3 converts the analog signal into a 16-bit digital signal and transmits it to the data processing module 2.

[0041] Data Processing Module 2: Data processing module 2 receives the digital signal from laser power detection module 1 and the temperature signal from temperature monitoring module 6. This module uses a high-performance 32-bit ARM microprocessor U4, model STM32F407, with 1MB of built-in Flash and 256KB of SRAM, and a main frequency of up to 168MHz. The microprocessor U4 runs an adaptive control algorithm program based on Kalman filtering and PID control principles stored in Flash, comparing the actual detected laser power value with a preset stable power value and calculating the difference. Simultaneously, combined with the temperature signal from temperature monitoring module 6, and based on a preset temperature-power compensation model, the control command is corrected, and finally, a control command is generated and sent to control signal generation module 3 through its general-purpose output pin.

[0042] Control signal generation module 3: This module receives control commands from data processing module 2. It employs a digital pulse width modulation (PWM) circuit composed of a PWM control chip U5, with a PWM frequency up to 100kHz and a 12-bit resolution. The PWM control chip U5 precisely adjusts the voltage or current amplitude of the control signal by changing the duty cycle of the PWM signal through its internal registers. The adjusted PWM control signal is then transmitted to the drive circuit module 4 through its output pin, enabling precise control of the drive circuit module 4.

[0043] Drive circuit module 4: Drive circuit module 4 receives the PWM control signal output from control signal generation module 3, and achieves electrical isolation through optocoupler isolation chip U6 to prevent interference. The signal amplification circuit converts the PWM control signal into a suitable drive current or voltage to drive the drive circuit composed of high-speed power MOSFET Q1. The high-speed power MOSFET Q1 has a switching speed of less than 50ns and an on-resistance of less than 10mΩ. Its drain or collector outputs drive current or voltage to laser 5, and the laser 5's operating state is rapidly adjusted according to changes in the PWM control signal.

[0044] Temperature monitoring module 6: Temperature monitoring module 6 uses a high-precision thermistor sensor to monitor the operating temperature of laser 5 in real time and transmits the temperature signal to data processing module 2. Based on the received temperature signal and combined with a preset temperature-power compensation model, data processing module 2 corrects the control commands and adjusts the output power of laser 5 to compensate for the impact of temperature changes on laser output power.

[0045] Communication Module 7: Communication Module 7 is bidirectionally electrically connected to Data Processing Module 2, using an RS485 or WiFi communication chip, supporting data interaction with external devices such as host computers and remote servers. Data Processing Module 2, through Communication Module 7, uploads real-time operating parameters of Laser 5, including output power and operating temperature, to external devices, and receives control commands from external devices to remotely regulate the operating status of Laser 5.

[0046] The laser control device of this invention operates based on the closed-loop control principle. The laser power detection module 1 detects the laser power output by the laser 5 in real time and transmits the detection signal to the data processing module 2. Simultaneously, the temperature monitoring module 6 monitors the operating temperature of the laser 5 in real time and also transmits the temperature signal to the data processing module 2. The data processing module 2 compares the actual detected laser power value with a preset stable power value, and, combined with the temperature signal, uses an adaptive control algorithm based on Kalman filtering and PID control principles to calculate the amount that needs adjustment, generates a control command, and sends it to the control signal generation module 3. The control signal generation module 3, according to the control command, changes the duty cycle of the PWM signal through the PWM control chip U5 to generate a corresponding PWM control signal, which is then transmitted to the drive circuit module 4. The drive circuit module 4 receives the PWM control signal through the optocoupler isolation chip U6, amplifies it, and converts it into a suitable drive current or voltage to drive the high-speed power MOSFET Q1, thereby adjusting the drive current or voltage of the laser 5 and achieving precise control of the laser 5's output power. When the laser output power or operating temperature changes, the above closed-loop control process will continue to adjust the operating state of the laser 5 in a timely manner to ensure the stability of the laser output power.

[0047] The above are merely embodiments of this utility model. The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all prior art, fully achievable by those skilled in the art, and require no further explanation. The content protected by this application does not involve improvements to the software or methods. Commonly known structures and characteristics in the solution are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field to which this utility model pertains prior to the application date or priority date, are able to access all existing technologies in that field, and possess the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in conjunction with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A laser control device, characterized by: It includes a laser power detection module (1), a data processing module (2), a control signal generation module (3), a drive circuit module (4), and a laser (5); the output end of the laser power detection module (1) is connected to the input end of the data processing module (2) to detect the laser power output by the laser (5) in real time and transmit the detection signal to the data processing module (2); The output of the data processing module (2) is connected to the input of the control signal generation module (3). The data processing module (2) receives the signal from the laser power detection module (1), compares the actual detected laser power value with the preset stable power value, calculates the difference, and generates a control command based on the difference, which is then sent to the control signal generation module (3). The output of the control signal generation module (3) is connected to the input of the drive circuit module (4). The control signal generation module (3) generates corresponding control signals according to the control instructions sent by the data processing module (2) and transmits them to the drive circuit module (4). The output of the drive circuit module (4) is connected to the laser (5). The drive circuit module (4) receives the control signal output by the control signal generation module (3) and converts it into drive current or voltage to drive the laser (5) to work.

2. The laser control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The laser power detection module (1) includes a laser power sensor U1, a preamplifier circuit composed of a preamplifier chip U2, and an A / D conversion circuit composed of an A / D conversion chip U3; The signal output pin of the laser power sensor U1 is connected to the signal input pin of the preamplifier chip U2. The output pin of the preamplifier chip U2 is connected to the analog signal input pin of the A / D converter chip U3. The digital signal output pin of the A / D converter chip U3 is connected to the input terminal of the data processing module (2).

3. The laser control device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The data processing module (2) uses a high-performance 32-bit ARM microprocessor U4, model STM32F407.

4. The laser control device as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The control signal generation module (3) adopts a digital pulse width modulation circuit composed of a PWM control chip U5. The PWM control chip U5 receives the control command sent by the data processing module (2), changes the duty cycle of the PWM signal through the internal register configuration, precisely adjusts the voltage or current amplitude of the control signal, and transmits the adjusted PWM control signal to the drive circuit module (4) through its output pin to realize the control of the drive circuit module (4).

5. The laser control device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The driving circuit module (4) adopts a driving circuit composed of a high-speed power MOSFET Q1. The driving circuit module (4) receives the PWM control signal output by the control signal generation module (3) through the optocoupler isolation chip U6, and converts the PWM control signal into a suitable driving current or voltage through the signal amplification circuit to drive the high-speed power MOSFET Q1 to work.

6. The laser control device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature monitoring module (6), the output of which is electrically connected to another input of the data processing module (2).

7. A laser control device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: A communication module (7) is also provided. The communication module (7) is bidirectionally electrically connected to the data processing module (2). The data processing module (2) uploads the real-time working parameters of the laser (5) to the external device through the communication module (7) and receives the control commands sent by the external device to remotely control the working status of the laser (5).

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