A high-efficiency rare earth waste gas recovery treatment system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of high-efficiency rare earth waste gas recovery treatment systems, including gravity dust collector, the bottom of the gravity dust collector is provided with hopper, the bottom of the hopper is connected with screw conveyor, the rear end pipeline of the gravity dust collector is connected with horizontal cyclone water film scrubber, horizontal cyclone water film scrubber inside is provided with horizontal spiral guide vane.The utility model in this paper, by connecting a centrifugal pump in the bottom of lithium bicarbonate solution tank, and centrifugal pump is connected with cyclone, finally cyclone is communicated with horizontal cyclone water film scrubber to form a circulation passageway, so that the generated fluoride is pumped into cyclone by centrifugal pump to remove and discharge, so that horizontal cyclone water film scrubber inside can continuously run and purify operation without blocking, improve the working efficiency of device, simultaneously, gravity dust collector is set in waste gas front end and is screened to dust, further guarantee the working efficiency of horizontal cyclone water film scrubber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste gas purification technology, specifically a high-efficiency rare earth waste gas recovery and treatment system. Background Technology

[0002] Rare earth metals are widely used in high-tech industries, such as in the development of high-temperature superconducting materials, precision ceramics, and laser materials. However, the waste gas generated during the smelting process of rare earth metals mainly consists of a large amount of dust containing rare earth elements and a small amount of fluorine-containing waste gas. Therefore, the rare earth waste gas cannot be directly discharged and needs to be recovered and purified. Rare earth purification methods usually involve wet spraying, using hydrogen-oxygen solution to capture fluoride ions. However, the fluorides generated can easily cause blockages inside the spraying equipment, making equipment maintenance difficult and reducing equipment efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model aims to solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0004] Therefore, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A high-efficiency rare earth waste gas recovery and treatment system includes a gravity dust collector. A dust hopper is located at the bottom of the gravity dust collector, and a screw conveyor is connected to the bottom of the dust hopper. A horizontal cyclone water film scrubber is connected to the rear end of the gravity dust collector. The horizontal cyclone water film scrubber has horizontal spiral guide vanes inside, and a lithium bicarbonate solution tank is installed at the bottom of the scrubber. A centrifugal pump is connected to the bottom of the lithium bicarbonate solution tank, and a hydrocyclone is connected to the other end of the centrifugal pump. The top of the hydrocyclone is connected to a pipe in the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber. A pH meter and a lithium bicarbonate solution dosing device are connected to the end of the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber connected to the hydrocyclone. A centrifugal fan is connected to one side of the top of the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber, and a discharge pipe is connected to the output end of the centrifugal fan. A rain shield is installed at the top of the discharge pipe.

[0006] Preferably, a guide plate is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the gravity dust collector, and a partition is provided in the middle of the inner cavity of the gravity dust collector.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom end of the hydrocyclone is connected to a dewatering and recycling device, and the hydrocyclone, the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber, the lithium bicarbonate solution tank, and the centrifugal pump are combined to form a circulation path.

[0008] Preferably, the lithium bicarbonate solution in the lithium bicarbonate solution tank 8 reacts with the waste gas to generate a precipitate, which is then pumped into the hydrocyclone 13 by the centrifugal pump 12 for separation.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:

[0010] In this invention, a centrifugal pump is connected to the bottom of the lithium bicarbonate solution tank, and the centrifugal pump is connected to a hydrocyclone. Finally, the hydrocyclone is connected to a horizontal cyclone water film scrubber to form a circulation path. This allows the generated fluoride to be pumped into the hydrocyclone for removal and discharge. This enables the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber to operate continuously for purification without clogging, thus improving the working efficiency of the device. At the same time, a gravity dust collector is set at the front end of the exhaust gas to remove dust, further ensuring the working efficiency of the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Figure label:

[0013] 1. Gravity dust collector; 2. Ash hopper; 3. Screw conveyor; 4. Guide plate; 5. Baffle plate; 6. Horizontal cyclone water film scrubber; 7. Spiral guide vane; 8. Lithium bicarbonate solution tank; 9. Centrifugal fan; 10. Discharge pipe; 11. Rain shield; 12. Centrifugal pump; 13. Hydrocyclone; 14. Dewatering and reuse device; 15. pH meter; 16. Lithium bicarbonate solution dosing device. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features of the present utility model can be combined with each other.

[0015] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present invention, providing a highly efficient rare earth waste gas recovery and treatment system.

[0016] Example:

[0017] Combination Figure 1As shown, this utility model provides a high-efficiency rare earth waste gas recovery and treatment system, including a gravity dust collector 1. A guide plate 4 is provided at the front end of the inner cavity of the gravity dust collector 1, and a partition plate 5 is provided in the middle of the inner cavity. A dust hopper 2 is provided at the bottom of the gravity dust collector 1, and a screw conveyor 3 is connected to the bottom of the dust hopper 2. A horizontal cyclone water film scrubber 6 is connected to the rear end of the gravity dust collector 1 via a pipe. A horizontal spiral guide vane 7 is provided inside the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber 6, and a lithium bicarbonate solution tank 8 is assembled at the bottom of the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber 6. A centrifugal pump 12 is connected to the bottom of the lithium bicarbonate solution tank 8, and a hydrocyclone 13 is connected to the other end of the centrifugal pump 12. The top of the hydrocyclone 13 is connected to the pipe of the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber 6, and the bottom of the hydrocyclone 13... The end is connected to a dehydration and reuse device 14, and the hydrocyclone 13, horizontal cyclone water film scrubber 6, lithium bicarbonate solution tank 8, and centrifugal pump 12 are combined to form a circulation path. The end of the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber 6 connected to the hydrocyclone 13 is connected to a pH meter 15 and a lithium bicarbonate solution dosing device 16. A centrifugal fan 9 is connected to one side of the top of the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber 6. The output end of the centrifugal fan 9 is connected to a discharge pipe 10. A rain shield 11 is installed at the top of the discharge pipe 10. The lithium bicarbonate solution in the lithium bicarbonate solution tank 8 reacts with the waste gas to generate precipitate. The precipitate is pumped into the hydrocyclone 13 by the centrifugal pump 12 for separation. Using lithium bicarbonate solution to react and precipitate is easier to separate and recover than the substances produced by the reaction of ordinary calcium bicarbonate.

[0018] Specifically, when fluoride ions are absorbed by the lithium bicarbonate solution, the resulting lithium fluoride precipitates at the bottom of the lithium bicarbonate solution tank 8. A centrifugal pump 12 connected to the slag discharge port at the bottom of the lithium bicarbonate solution tank 8 pumps the solution containing the lithium fluoride precipitate into a hydrocyclone 13. A large number of lithium fluoride particles flow out from the bottom of the hydrocyclone 13 and enter the dehydration and reuse device 14 for subsequent drying and high-temperature dehydration treatment to obtain lithium fluoride for rare earth electrolysis. The swirling lithium bicarbonate solution then flows back through the top of the hydrocyclone 13 to the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber 6. A pH meter 15 is installed on the side wall of the lithium bicarbonate solution tank 8. When the detected pH value is greater than five, the lithium bicarbonate solution dosing device 16 can be activated to replenish the lithium bicarbonate solution into the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber 6, maintaining a sufficient supply of lithium bicarbonate solution.

[0019] The working principle and usage process of this utility model are as follows: First, the waste gas generated during the rare earth smelting process is collected by a gas collection hood and then enters the gravity dust collector 1. Rare earth dust settles under gravity and separates from the waste gas, accumulating in the ash hopper 2 at the bottom of the gravity dust collector 1. The rare earth dust in the ash hopper 2 is periodically discharged and collected for reuse via a screw conveyor 3 installed at the outlet of the ash hopper 2. A guide plate 4 is installed at the inlet of the gravity dust collector 1 to prevent turbulent flow of the waste gas from affecting the gravity dust removal effect. A baffle 5 is installed inside the gravity dust collector 1 to improve the efficiency of gravity settling. After the dust is removed, the rare earth waste gas is discharged from the gravity dust collector 1 and enters a horizontal... In the cyclone water film scrubber 6, rare earth waste gas enters the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber 6 and is guided by the spiral guide vanes 7, then rotates in the channel. When the waste gas flow impacts the surface of the lithium bicarbonate solution tank 8 at the bottom of the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber 6, it will carry some solution to form a water film on the inner wall of the channel. Fluoride ions rotating with the airflow are subjected to centrifugal force and are captured on the water film on the inner wall. As the airflow rotates several times along the spiral guide vanes 7, most of the fluoride ions in the waste gas can be removed. The thoroughly treated rare earth waste gas is transported to the discharge pipe 10 through the centrifugal fan 9 and discharged from the discharge pipe 10 in compliance with standards.

[0020] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency rare earth waste gas recovery and treatment system, comprising a gravity dust collector (1), characterized in that, The gravity dust collector (1) has a dust hopper (2) at its bottom, and a screw conveyor (3) is connected to the bottom of the dust hopper (2). The rear end pipe of the gravity dust collector (1) is connected to a horizontal cyclone water film scrubber (6). The horizontal cyclone water film scrubber (6) has horizontal spiral guide vanes (7) inside, and a lithium bicarbonate solution tank (8) is installed at the bottom of the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber (6). A centrifugal pump (12) is connected to the bottom end of the lithium bicarbonate solution tank (8). The other end of the centrifugal pump (12) is connected to the other end of the centrifugal pump (12). A hydrocyclone (13) is connected to the end of the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber (6). The top end of the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber (6) is connected to the hydrocyclone (13) and a pH meter (15) and a lithium bicarbonate solution dosing device (16) are connected to the end of the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber (6). A centrifugal fan (9) is connected to one side of the top of the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber (6). The output end of the centrifugal fan (9) is connected to a discharge pipe (10). A rain shield (11) is provided at the top of the discharge pipe (10).

2. The high-efficiency rare earth waste gas recovery and treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gravity dust collector (1) has a guide plate (4) at the front end of its inner cavity and a partition plate (5) in the middle of its inner cavity.

3. The high-efficiency rare earth waste gas recovery and treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the hydrocyclone (13) is connected to a dewatering and recycling device (14), and the hydrocyclone (13), the horizontal cyclone water film scrubber (6), the lithium bicarbonate solution tank (8), and the centrifugal pump (12) are combined to form a circulation path.

4. The high-efficiency rare earth waste gas recovery and treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lithium bicarbonate solution in the lithium bicarbonate solution tank (8) reacts with the waste gas to generate a precipitate, which is then pumped into a hydrocyclone (13) by a centrifugal pump (12) for separation.

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