An apparatus for mineral separation using changes in magnetic flux density

Abstract

The utility model relates to mineral sorting equipment technical field, concretely relates to a kind of equipment for realizing mineral sorting using the change of magnetic flux density, including sorting shell, still including left magnetic pole, right magnetic pole and frame body, the shape and size of left magnetic pole and right magnetic pole are identical, left magnetic pole and right magnetic pole are respectively symmetrically arranged in the two sides of sorting shell and the polarity of opposite two poles is opposite, along the width direction of the sorting shell, the spacing between left magnetic pole and right magnetic pole gradually decreases;The upper end of the sorting shell is equipped with feeding port, lower end is equipped with at least two discharge ports distributed along the width direction of sorting shell, and the sorting shell, left magnetic pole and right magnetic pole are all fixedly connected with frame body.The utility model makes the magnetic flux density in sorting area gradually change, so that magnetic mineral and non-magnetic mineral will gradually separate when falling, so that magnetic mineral and non-magnetic mineral can be sorted and discharged from different discharge ports.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mineral sorting equipment technology, specifically to a device that uses changes in magnetic flux density to achieve mineral sorting. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mineral sorting, magnetic separation technology plays a crucial role. It is considered one of the most effective methods for separating magnetic and non-magnetic minerals. In the sorting operation of permanent magnet separators, the scavenging stage is a step to perform a second magnetic separation on the tailings discharged from the roughing stage. Its purpose is to reduce the loss rate of magnetic minerals caused by external factors (mineral encapsulation, etc.) that prevent them from being fully separated during the roughing operation.

[0003] The scavenging process ensures that even when there is a significant amount of magnetic mineral inclusion, a large amount of magnetic minerals can still be recovered. However, most mainstream drum and disc magnetic separators currently use suction-type or suction-type separation methods to separate magnetic minerals. This separation method easily leads to the inclusion of non-magnetic minerals in the concentrate (the magnetic minerals obtained through separation), making it impossible to achieve high-quality recovery of magnetic minerals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the problem of high-quality recovery of magnetic minerals in existing technologies by providing a device that utilizes changes in magnetic flux density to separate minerals. By gradually changing the magnetic flux density within the separation area, magnetic and non-magnetic minerals gradually separate as they fall, thus enabling them to be separated and discharged from different discharge ports.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is: a device for mineral sorting by utilizing changes in magnetic flux density, including a sorting shell, a left magnetic pole, a right magnetic pole, and a frame. The left and right magnetic poles have the same shape and size. The left and right magnetic poles are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sorting shell, and the polarities of the opposite poles are opposite. The projection width of the left and right magnetic poles on the surface of the sorting shell is greater than or equal to the width of the sorting shell, and the projection covers both ends of the width direction of the sorting shell. Along the width direction of the sorting shell, the distance between the left and right magnetic poles gradually decreases. The upper end of the sorting housing is provided with a feeding port, and the lower end is provided with at least two discharge ports distributed along the width direction of the sorting housing. The sorting housing, the left magnetic pole and the right magnetic pole are all fixedly connected to the frame.

[0006] By adopting the above scheme, a stable magnetic field can be formed inside the sorting shell by symmetrically setting left and right magnetic poles of the same shape and size on both sides of the sorting shell, and the projection width of the left and right magnetic poles on the surface of the sorting shell is equal to or greater than the width of the sorting shell. Along the width of the sorting shell, the distance between the left and right magnetic poles gradually decreases, causing the magnetic flux density (magnetic field strength) inside the shell to gradually change. As magnetic minerals fall into the sorting shell from the feed inlet, they gradually move towards the end with the smaller distance between the left and right magnetic poles and are eventually discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the shell. Even if there are magnetic and non-magnetic minerals mixed together, they will gradually disperse during the fall. Unlike traditional suction-type or suction-out separation methods, this invention uses the change in magnetic flux density to achieve mineral sorting, which can more effectively reduce the inclusion of non-magnetic minerals in the concentrate and improve the concentrate quality.

[0007] Based on the above solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows: Furthermore, the sorting housing is provided with a baffle that slopes downwards, and there is a material discharge port between one side of the baffle and the sorting housing. The material discharge port is located at the end with a larger distance between the left and right magnetic poles.

[0008] By adopting the above-mentioned further scheme, the minerals will fall onto the baffle plate after entering the sorting shell from the feed port. The collision between the minerals and the baffle plate helps to disperse the minerals. Simultaneously, the minerals slide along the baffle to the discharge port, ensuring that before separation, all minerals are located at the end with the larger distance between the left and right magnetic poles (i.e., the end with the lowest magnetic flux density). As the minerals fall, non-magnetic minerals fall freely and are eventually discharged from the discharge port near the end with the larger distance between the left and right magnetic poles. Magnetic minerals, influenced by the magnetic field, gradually move towards the end with the smaller distance between the left and right magnetic poles (i.e., the end with the increased magnetic flux density) as they fall, and are eventually discharged from the discharge port near the end with the smaller distance between the left and right magnetic poles, thus further improving the separation effect between magnetic and non-magnetic minerals.

[0009] Furthermore, the length direction of the sorting shell is consistent with the length direction of the left and right magnetic poles, which helps to form a stable magnetic field inside the sorting shell; the discharge port gradually narrows from top to bottom, so that the sorted magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals will accumulate at different discharge ports before being discharged, thus minimizing the mixing of the sorted magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals at the discharge port.

[0010] Furthermore, the thickness of the sorting shell is less than the minimum distance between the left and right magnetic poles, so that the magnetic field between the left and right magnetic poles can completely envelop the sorting shell, thereby forming a stable magnetic field inside the sorting shell.

[0011] Furthermore, the angle between the two opposing surfaces of the left and right magnetic poles is greater than 10° and less than 40°.

[0012] Furthermore, the maximum distance between the left and right magnetic poles in the cross-section is L, the length of the left and right magnetic poles is h, and the range of h / L is 1 < h / L < 3.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the sorting shell is provided with a water inlet pipe located above the discharge port. The water inlet pipe extends into the sorting shell and is set along the width of the sorting shell. An outlet is opened on the upper side of the water inlet pipe. Liquid can be injected into the sorting shell through the water inlet pipe, and the density of the liquid is less than the density of the mineral. The upper part of the sorting shell is provided with an overflow port, which is located below the baffle. A valve is connected below the discharge port, which allows a stable liquid surface to be formed inside the sorting shell. Under the action of the liquid, magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals can be further dispersed. At the same time, the falling time of magnetic minerals in the sorting shell can be extended, so that magnetic minerals can move more fully to the end with the smaller distance between the left and right magnetic poles (i.e., the end with increased magnetic flux density), thereby ensuring the sorting effect between magnetic and non-magnetic minerals.

[0014] Furthermore, the frame includes side panels and an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate located above and below the side panels, respectively; The side plate has three sides that form a triangular prism with an isosceles triangle cross-section. The apex of the isosceles triangle in the cross-section is the same as the angle between the left and right magnetic poles. The left and right magnetic poles are fixedly mounted on two equal side plates. The sorting shell is fixedly connected to the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model through the above technical solution are as follows: 1. In this utility model, by symmetrically arranging left and right magnetic poles of the same shape and size on both sides of the sorting shell, a stable magnetic field can be formed inside the sorting shell under the action of the left and right magnetic poles. Furthermore, the distance between the left and right magnetic poles gradually decreases along the width direction of the sorting shell, causing the magnetic flux density inside the sorting shell to gradually change along the width direction. As a result, when magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals fall into the sorting shell from the feeding port, they will gradually separate, thereby achieving the sorting of magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals.

[0016] 2. In a further embodiment of this utility model, by setting the baffle at an inclination, the minerals will fall onto the baffle after entering the sorting shell from the feeding port. The collision between the minerals and the baffle helps to disperse the minerals, and the minerals will slide along the baffle to the feeding port. Thus, before sorting, the minerals will all be at the end with the larger distance between the left and right magnetic poles, thereby further improving the sorting effect between magnetic and non-magnetic minerals.

[0017] 3. In a further embodiment of this utility model, by introducing a liquid with a density less than that of the minerals into the sorting shell, a stable liquid surface can be formed inside the sorting shell. Under the action of the liquid, magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals can be further dispersed, and the falling time of magnetic minerals inside the sorting shell can be extended, thereby further ensuring the sorting effect of magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic pole distribution in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a top view of the magnetic pole distribution in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a top view of the magnetic pole distribution (magnetic field lines are shown) of Embodiment 1 of this utility model. Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of this utility model (frame hidden); Figure 6 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of Embodiment 2 of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of this utility model (frame hidden); Figure 8 This is the second structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0019] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Sorting shell, 101. Feeding port, 102. Discharge port, 1021. Discharge port one, 1022. Discharge port two, 103. Baffle, 104. Drop port, 105. Water inlet pipe, 106. Overflow port, 107. Valve. 2. Left magnetic pole; 3. Right magnetic pole; 4. Frame, 401. Side panels, 402. Top cover, 403. Bottom cover, 404. Support legs. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Example 1: like Figures 1-6As shown, a device for mineral sorting using changes in magnetic flux density includes a sorting shell 1, a left magnetic pole 2, a right magnetic pole 3, and a frame 4. The left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 are identical in shape and size, both being rectangular. The left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sorting shell 1, with opposite polarities (e.g., ...). Figure 4 As shown), the angle between the left magnetic pole 2 and the sorting housing 1 and the angle between the right magnetic pole 3 and the sorting housing 1 are equal. The projection width of the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 on the surface of the sorting housing 1 is greater than or equal to the width of the sorting housing 1, and the projection covers both ends of the width direction of the sorting housing 1. This allows a stable magnetic field to be formed inside the sorting housing 1 under the action of the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3. Along the width direction of the sorting housing 1, the distance between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 gradually decreases, that is, the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 are respectively inclined on both sides of the sorting housing 1, so that the magnetic flux density (magnetic field strength) inside the sorting housing 1 gradually changes along the width direction of the sorting housing 1. Specifically, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the width of the sorting housing 1 is along the front-to-back direction, the length of the sorting housing 1 is along the vertical direction, and the thickness of the sorting housing 1 is along the left-to-right direction.

[0021] The upper end of the sorting shell 1 is provided with a feeding port 101, and the lower end is provided with at least two discharge ports 102 distributed along the width direction of the sorting shell 1. When the magnetic minerals enter the sorting shell 1 through the feeding port 101 and fall, they will gradually move towards the end where the distance between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 is smaller (that is, they will gradually move towards the direction where the magnetic flux density increases), and finally be discharged from the discharge port 102 at the bottom of the sorting shell 1. The sorting shell 1, the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 are all fixedly connected to the frame 4.

[0022] In this embodiment, the magnetic pole materials of the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 can be ferrite material, neodymium iron boron material, or a combination of these two magnetic materials, and their projected width on the surface of the sorting housing 1 is greater than the width of the sorting housing 1, and from front to back (see...). Figure 3(The orientation of the sorting shell 1 is as follows). The distance between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 gradually decreases. There are two discharge ports 102 at the bottom of the sorting shell 1, namely discharge port one 1021 and discharge port two 1022. Discharge port one 1021 is closer to the end where the distance between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 is larger, and discharge port two 1022 is closer to the end where the distance between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 is smaller. The width of discharge port one 1021 is greater than the width of discharge port two 1022. Specifically, the width of discharge port one 1021 can be two or three times the width of discharge port two 1022, so as to ensure that the minerals discharged from discharge port two 1022 are all magnetic minerals (only magnetic minerals will be affected by the magnetic field and move to the end where the distance between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 is smaller).

[0023] Furthermore, when using the equipment of this invention for sorting, even if there are magnetic and non-magnetic minerals encapsulating each other, they will gradually disperse during the mineral's fall. Unlike traditional suction-type or suction-type separation methods, this invention utilizes changes in magnetic flux density to achieve mineral sorting, which can more effectively reduce the inclusion of non-magnetic minerals in the concentrate and improve the concentrate quality.

[0024] As one possible implementation, the sorting housing 1 is provided with a baffle 103 that slopes downwards, specifically a baffle 103 that slopes downwards from the upper right to the lower left (see [link]). Figure 5 The orientation of the minerals (as indicated by the feed inlet 101) ensures that after entering the sorting housing 1, the minerals first fall onto the baffle 103. The collision between the minerals and the baffle 103 helps to disperse them. A discharge port 104 exists between one side of the baffle 103 and the sorting housing 1, allowing the minerals to slide along the baffle 103 to the discharge port 104. The discharge port 104 is located at the end with the larger distance between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3, that is, the side of the discharge port 104 closer to the discharge outlet 1021, ensuring that the minerals are evenly dispersed before sorting. The mineral will be located at the end with the larger distance between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 (i.e., the end with the smallest magnetic flux density). As the mineral falls, the non-magnetic minerals will fall freely and eventually be discharged from the discharge port 1021, while the magnetic minerals, due to the influence of the magnetic field, will gradually move towards the end with the smaller distance between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 (i.e., the end with the increased magnetic flux density) as they fall, and eventually be discharged from the discharge port 1022, thereby further improving the separation effect between magnetic and non-magnetic minerals.

[0025] As one possible implementation, the length direction of the sorting shell 1 is consistent with the length direction of the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3. Specifically, the left magnetic pole 2, the right magnetic pole 3, and the sorting shell 1 are all perpendicular to the ground, which helps to form a stable magnetic field inside the sorting shell 1. The discharge port 102 gradually narrows from top to bottom, that is, both discharge port one 1021 and discharge port two 1022 gradually narrow from top to bottom, so that the sorted magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals will accumulate at different discharge ports 102 before being discharged, which can minimize the mixing of the sorted magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals at the discharge port 102.

[0026] As one possible implementation, the thickness D of the sorting housing 1 is less than the minimum distance Y between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 (e.g., Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the magnetic field between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 can completely surround the sorting shell 1, so that a stable magnetic field can be formed inside the sorting shell 1.

[0027] As one possible implementation, the angle between the two opposing surfaces of the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 is greater than 10° and less than 40°. The smaller the angle, the greater the gradient of magnetic flux density change in the sorting housing 1 within the same area. The larger the angle, the smaller the gradient of magnetic flux density change in the sorting housing 1 within the same area. This allows the magnetic field strength in the sorting magnetic field to be controlled by controlling the angle between the two magnetic poles, thereby improving the equipment's adaptability to different minerals.

[0028] As one possible implementation, the maximum distance between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 in cross-section is L (reference). Figure 3 The lengths of the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 are both h (reference). Figure 4 The range of h / L is 1 < h / L < 3. The larger h is, the longer the magnetic minerals fall, which can better ensure the sorting effect of magnetic minerals. When the angle between the two opposing surfaces of the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 is constant, the larger L is, the greater the distance that the magnetic minerals can move along the width direction of the sorting shell 1 under the influence of the magnetic field, which can better ensure the dispersion quality of magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals.

[0029] As one possible implementation method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the frame 4 includes a side plate 401 and an upper cover plate 402 and a lower cover plate 403 respectively fixed above and below the side plate 401. The bottom surface of the lower cover plate 403 is provided with a support leg 404. The side plate 401 has three sections forming a triangular prism with an isosceles triangle cross-section. The left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 are respectively fixed on two equal side plates, that is, the apex angle of the isosceles triangle in the cross-section is the same as the angle between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3. In this embodiment, the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 can be adhered to the side plate 401 by a polymer adhesive material. The width of the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 is less than the width of the side plate 401 to which they are connected, and the length of the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 is equal to the length of the side plate 401 to which they are connected, so that the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 are located in the middle of the side plate 401 to which they are connected.

[0030] The sorting housing 1 is fixedly connected to the upper cover plate 402 and the lower cover plate 403, thereby fixing the position of the sorting housing 1 to the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3. The feeding port 101 is positioned higher than the upper cover plate 402, and the discharge port 102 is positioned lower than the lower cover plate 403, which facilitates feeding and collection of sorted minerals. The side plate 401, the upper cover plate 402 and the lower cover plate 403 can be supported by the support legs 404, thereby suspending the discharge port 102 above the ground, which facilitates feeding and collection of minerals. Specifically, in order to improve the stability of the entire frame 4 and the connection stability between the sorting housing 1 and the upper cover plate 402 and the lower cover plate 403, a connecting rod or other structure can be set up without affecting the magnetic field formed between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3.

[0031] In this embodiment, when used: The two opposing poles of the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 are the N pole and the S pole, respectively (e.g., Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, as the distance between the two magnetic poles decreases, the magnetic field density between them gradually increases, thus forming a non-uniform magnetic field within the sorting shell 1. The magnetic field density gradually changes along the width of the sorting shell 1. Subsequently, the minerals are fed into the sorting shell 1 through the feed inlet 101. During the fall to the discharge inlet 102, the minerals are acted upon by the magnetic field between the two magnetic poles (left magnetic pole 2 and right magnetic pole 3) inside the sorting shell 1. Magnetic minerals move from the end with the larger distance between the two magnetic poles to the end with the smaller distance under the influence of the magnetic force, while non-magnetic minerals fall vertically, thus achieving the separation of magnetic and non-magnetic minerals. When the minerals fall to the discharge inlet 102, magnetic minerals are discharged through the discharge inlet 102 closest to the end with the smaller distance between the two magnetic poles, i.e., through discharge inlet two 1022, while non-magnetic minerals are discharged through the discharge inlet 102 closest to the end with the larger distance between the two magnetic poles, i.e., through discharge inlet one 1021.

[0032] Example 2: The technical solution in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that: like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the bottom of the sorting housing 1 is provided with a water inlet pipe 105 located above the discharge port 102. The water inlet pipe 105 extends into the sorting housing 1 and is arranged along the width of the sorting housing 1, that is, the length direction of the water inlet pipe 105 is consistent with the width direction of the sorting housing 1. The diameter of the water inlet pipe 105 is smaller than the thickness of the sorting housing 1, and a water outlet is opened on the upper side of the water inlet pipe 105. Liquid can be injected into the sorting housing 1 through the water inlet pipe 105, and the density of the liquid is less than the density of the mineral. In this embodiment, the liquid used is water. The upper part of the sorting housing 1 is provided with an overflow port 106, which is located below the baffle 103. A valve 107 is connected below the discharge port 102. In this embodiment, the overflow port 106 is located above the upper cover plate 402 and the water inlet pipe 105 is located above the lower cover plate 403, so that a stable liquid surface can be formed in the sorting housing 1. Under the action of the liquid, magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals can be further dispersed, and the time for magnetic minerals to fall in the sorting housing 1 can be extended. This allows the magnetic minerals to move fully towards the end with a smaller distance between the left magnetic pole 2 and the right magnetic pole 3 (i.e., the end with increased magnetic flux density), thereby ensuring the sorting effect between magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals.

[0033] In this embodiment, when used: Before the minerals are fed into the sorting shell 1 through the feeding port 101, liquid is uniformly injected into the sorting shell 1 through the water inlet pipe 105, and the flow rate of the liquid discharged from the discharge port 102 is controlled by the control valve 107, so that the liquid level is higher than the upper cover plate 402 and lower than the overflow port 106, and the density of the liquid is less than the density of the minerals, thereby forming a stable liquid level in the sorting area within the sorting shell 1. As the minerals fall to the discharge port 102, the magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals can be further dispersed under the action of the liquid, and the falling time of the magnetic minerals can be extended, that is, the time of action of the magnetic minerals in the magnetic field can be extended, which helps to improve the separation efficiency of magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any equivalent or equivalent modifications or substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention or the scope of disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for mineral sorting using changes in magnetic flux density, comprising a sorting housing (1), characterized in that, It also includes a sorting housing (1), a left magnetic pole (2), a right magnetic pole (3) and a frame (4). The left magnetic pole (2) and the right magnetic pole (3) have the same shape and size. The left magnetic pole (2) and the right magnetic pole (3) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sorting housing (1) and the polarities of the opposite poles are opposite. The projection width of the left magnetic pole (2) and the right magnetic pole (3) on the surface of the sorting housing (1) is greater than or equal to the width of the sorting housing (1) and the projection covers both ends of the width direction of the sorting housing (1). Along the width direction of the sorting housing (1), the distance between the left magnetic pole (2) and the right magnetic pole (3) gradually decreases. The upper end of the sorting housing (1) is provided with a feeding port (101), and the lower end is provided with at least two discharge ports (102) distributed along the width direction of the sorting housing (1). The sorting housing (1), the left magnetic pole (2) and the right magnetic pole (3) are all fixedly connected to the frame (4).

2. The device for mineral sorting using changes in magnetic flux density according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting housing (1) is provided with a baffle (103) that slopes downwards. There is a discharge port (104) between one side of the baffle (103) and the sorting housing (1). The discharge port (104) is located at the end with a larger distance between the left magnetic pole (2) and the right magnetic pole (3).

3. The device for mineral sorting using changes in magnetic flux density according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length direction of the sorting housing (1) is consistent with the length direction of the left magnetic pole (2) and the right magnetic pole (3); the discharge port (102) gradually narrows from top to bottom.

4. The device for mineral sorting using changes in magnetic flux density according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the sorting housing (1) is less than the minimum distance between the left magnetic pole (2) and the right magnetic pole (3).

5. The device for mineral sorting using changes in magnetic flux density according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle between the two opposing surfaces of the left magnetic pole (2) and the right magnetic pole (3) is greater than 10° and less than 40°.

6. The device for mineral sorting using changes in magnetic flux density according to claim 2, characterized in that, The maximum distance between the left magnetic pole (2) and the right magnetic pole (3) in the cross-section is L, the length of the left magnetic pole (2) and the right magnetic pole (3) is h, and the range of h / L is 1 < h / L < 3.

7. The apparatus for mineral sorting based on changes in magnetic flux density according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the sorting housing (1) is provided with a water inlet pipe (105) located above the discharge port (102). The water inlet pipe (105) extends into the sorting housing (1) and is arranged along the width of the sorting housing (1). An outlet is opened on the upper side of the water inlet pipe (105). The upper part of the sorting housing (1) is provided with an overflow port (106), and the position of the overflow port (106) is lower than that of the baffle (103); a valve (107) is connected below the discharge port (102).

8. The device for mineral sorting using changes in magnetic flux density according to claim 7, characterized in that, The frame (4) includes a side plate (401) and an upper cover plate (402) and a lower cover plate (403) located above and below the side plate (401), respectively. The side plate (401) has three triangular prisms that form an isosceles triangle cross section. The left magnetic pole (2) and the right magnetic pole (3) are respectively fixed on two equal side plates. The sorting shell (1) is fixedly connected to the upper cover plate (402) and the lower cover plate (403).

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