Leech larvae hatching control system

Abstract

The utility model relates to aquatic products breeding equipment technical field, concretely relates to a kind of leech seedling hatching control system, including hatching unit, environmental monitoring module, intelligent control module and execution module;Hatching unit includes hatching box, inclined passageway and water area, hatching box is built-in hatching soil, and inclined passageway end face and bottom are equipped with screen;Environmental monitoring module includes temperature sensor, humidity sensor and water quality sensor installed in water area inlay in hatching soil;Intelligent control module includes controller and the man-machine interface of connection controller, and controller receives environmental monitoring module data and executes PID algorithm;Execution module includes temperature control unit, humidity adjusting unit and water quality purification unit, respectively with intelligent control module electric connection and executes regulation and control instruction.The utility model can reduce artificial intervention, improve hatching efficiency and seedling survival rate by integrated intelligent regulation and control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of aquaculture equipment technology, specifically to a leech seedling hatching control system. Background Technology

[0002] In leech farming, larval hatching is a crucial step determining yield. Currently, leech hatching largely relies on human experience to control the environment, which has the following shortcomings: Firstly, the accuracy of temperature and humidity control is poor. Soil moisture is regulated by manual water spraying, with an error of ±10%; temperature is controlled by intermittent heating lamps, with fluctuations ranging from 5-8℃, which leads to inconsistent cocoon development.

[0003] Secondly, water quality management is lagging behind. Relying on daily manual testing of pH and ammonia nitrogen levels can easily lead to increased mortality rates among juvenile leeches due to untimely testing, with a survival rate of only 50%-60%.

[0004] Third, there is a lack of integrated equipment. Soil temperature and humidity, as well as water parameters, need to be controlled separately, which is cumbersome and energy-intensive.

[0005] Fourth, collecting juvenile leeches is inconvenient. Collecting juvenile leeches relies on manually digging up the hatching soil, which is not only labor-intensive but also prone to causing mechanical damage.

[0006] Furthermore, existing patents (such as CN105145499A) only adjust a single parameter and do not achieve coordinated control of soil, air, and water, making it difficult to meet the needs of high-density hatching. Therefore, developing an automated system with multi-parameter coordinated control is of great significance for improving the survival rate of leech seedlings (target ≥85%) and reducing production costs. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a leech seedling hatching control system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A smart control system for the hatching environment of leech seedlings includes a hatching unit, an environmental monitoring module, a smart control module, and an execution module. The hatching unit includes a hatching box, an inclined channel, and a water zone. The hatching box contains hatching soil. The inclined channel connects to the hatching box and spans across the water zone, with screens installed at its ends and bottom. The water zone is located below the hatching box with the water level close to the screens. The environmental monitoring module includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor embedded in the hatching soil, and a water quality sensor installed in the water zone. The smart control module includes a controller and a human-machine interface connected to the controller. The controller receives data from the environmental monitoring module and executes a PID algorithm. The execution module includes a temperature control unit, a humidity adjustment unit, and a water purification unit, which are electrically connected to the smart control module and execute control commands.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the incubation soil is a mixture of sand and black soil in a 4:6 ratio.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the slope of the inclined channel is 15° and the mesh size of the screen is 0.5mm.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the temperature control unit includes heating elements and cooling elements respectively disposed on both sides of the incubator.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the humidity regulating unit includes an atomizing nozzle disposed at the top of the incubator and a peristaltic pump connected to the atomizing nozzle.

[0013] As a further improvement of this invention, the water quality sensor employs a pH sensor and an ammonia nitrogen sensor.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, the water purification unit adopts an ultraviolet germicidal lamp.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model will have the following beneficial effects: By utilizing the hydrotaxis of larvae, they move along an inclined channel and fall into the water area through a screen, achieving non-destructive collection of larvae and solving the damage problem of traditional manual screening. The environmental monitoring module uses multi-dimensional sensors to collect temperature, humidity, and water quality parameters in real time, replacing the lag of manual detection. The intelligent control module's PID algorithm works in conjunction with the controller to achieve coordinated regulation of soil, air, and water parameters, overcoming the limitations of single-parameter adjustment. The temperature control, humidity regulation, and water purification units of the execution module work together to ensure a stable incubation environment and improve the uniformity of egg and cocoon development.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this invention reduces human intervention and improves incubation efficiency and seedling survival rate through integrated intelligent control. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the leech seedling hatching control system described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the incubator described in the embodiment.

[0019] The correspondence between the labels and component names in the attached figures is as follows: 11. Incubator; 111. Incubation cell; 112. Incubation soil; 12. Inclined channel; 121. Screen; 13. Water zone; 21. Temperature sensor; 22. Humidity sensor; 23. Water quality sensor; 231. pH sensor; 232. Ammonia nitrogen sensor; 3. Controller; 31. Human-machine interface; 411. Heating element; 412. Cooling element; 421. Peristaltic pump; 422. Atomizing nozzle; 431. Ultraviolet germicidal lamp; 432. Water inlet solenoid valve; 433. Drainage solenoid valve; 5. Egg cocoon. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment of the leech seedling hatching control system provided by this utility model, the intelligent control system for the leech seedling hatching environment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the attached diagram (which needs to be supplemented), it mainly consists of four parts: an incubation unit, an environmental monitoring module, an intelligent control module, and an execution module. The modules are connected via wires or wireless communication (such as Bluetooth). Controller 3 (an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller) acts as the central controller, receiving sensor data and driving the execution components.

[0022] The incubation unit includes an incubation box 11, an inclined channel 12, and a water area 13. The incubator 11 is rectangular in shape and made of ABS engineering plastic. It has a removable lid on the top wall and a support frame on the bottom wall. The incubator 11 stands above the water area 13 via the lid and support frame. The incubator 11 consists of four symmetrically distributed independent incubation cells 111. The internal dimensions of each incubation cell 111 are 30cm×20cm×15cm. The bottom is covered with a 5cm thick layer of incubation soil 112 (a mixture of 40% sand and 60% black soil). The surface of the incubation soil 112 is covered with a 0.5cm thin layer of soil to fix the leech egg cocoons 5 (50-80 egg cocoons 5 are placed in each cell).

[0023] One side of the hatching grid 111 is connected to an inclined channel 12 with a slope of 15°, which spans across the water area 13. The end face and bottom of the inclined channel 12 are embedded with stainless steel mesh 121 (0.5mm aperture), which only allows the hatched leeches to pass through, preventing the egg cocoons 5 and soil clods from falling off.

[0024] The water area 13 is located below the incubator 11, with a volume of about 2.4L. The water level is close to the screen 121 and is used to collect the larvae that fall from the screen 121.

[0025] The environmental monitoring module includes a temperature sensor 21 and a humidity sensor 22 embedded in the hatching soil 112, and a water quality sensor 23 installed in the water area 13. A DS18B20 temperature sensor 21 (accuracy ±0.5℃) is embedded in the hatching soil 112 of each hatching cell 111, with a sampling frequency of 1 time / minute. An FC-28 soil moisture sensor 22 (detection range 20%-80%RH) is inserted into the hatching soil 112, with a set threshold of 30%-40%, triggering water replenishment when the moisture level falls below 30%. The water quality sensor 23 uses a pH sensor 231 (model SEN0161) and an ammonia nitrogen sensor 232 (model MQ-135), installed on the side wall of the water area 13 to monitor water quality parameters in real time. The pH sensor 231 (SEN0161) has a monitoring range of 0-14, an accuracy of ±0.1%, and a set safety range of 6-8. The ammonia nitrogen sensor 232 (MQ-135) has a detection limit of 0.1 mg / L and an alarm threshold of ≤0.5 mg / L. Data is sampled every 5 minutes, and a water purification process is initiated when the data exceeds the standard.

[0026] The intelligent control module includes a controller 3 and a human-machine interface 31 connected to the controller 3. The controller 3 uses an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller with a main frequency of 72MHz. It has a built-in ADC module to collect analog signals from sensors and calculates control quantities through a PID algorithm. The controller 3 has a reserved RS485 interface for connecting to a host computer to store historical data (such as daily temperature and humidity curves). The human-machine interface 31 is equipped with a 2.4-inch TFT touchscreen (240×320 resolution), which supports manual input of target temperature (default 25℃±2℃), humidity threshold, water change cycle, etc. It displays real-time data from various sensors (temperature, humidity, pH value, etc.) in the form of numbers and curves. When a sensor malfunctions (such as a disconnection) or a parameter exceeds the limit (such as temperature > 28℃), the screen flashes and emits a buzzer (frequency 1kHz, lasting 2 seconds).

[0027] The execution module includes a temperature control unit, a humidity regulation unit, and a water purification unit, which are electrically connected to the intelligent control module and execute control commands: a heating element 411 is installed on the outer top wall (upper surface of the top cover) of the incubator 11, and a cooling element 412 is installed on the outer bottom wall of the incubator 11; the heating element 411 is a 50WPTC heating element 411 (model XY-PTC50), which starts when the soil temperature is <23℃; the cooling element 412 is a semiconductor cooling element 412 (model TEC1-12706), which starts when the soil temperature is >27℃; the entire incubation process adjusts the heating / cooling power through a PID algorithm to maintain the temperature of the incubation soil 112 at a stable 25℃±2℃. The humidity control unit uses a 12V peristaltic pump 421 (model BT100-2J) with a flow rate of 10mL / min. It is connected to the atomizing nozzle 422 at the top of the incubation cell 111 through a silicone tube penetrating the side wall of the incubation cell 111. When the soil moisture is <30%, the peristaltic pump 421 is started by the controller 3 and stops after 3 seconds, intermittently replenishing water until the humidity recovers to 35%. Water purification unit: The water body zone 13 is equipped with an inlet solenoid valve 432 and a drain solenoid valve 433. The water is automatically changed once a day at 3:00 AM, with a water change volume of 30% (controlled by a liquid level sensor). The bottom of the water body zone 13 is equipped with a 15W ultraviolet germicidal lamp 431 (wavelength 254nm), which is started after the daily water change and continuously disinfects for 30 minutes to kill bacteria and algae in the water.

[0028] The workflow of this utility model is as follows: Users set target parameters (temperature 25℃, soil moisture 35%, air humidity 75%) via touchscreen (human-machine interface 31), and the microcontroller (controller 3) automatically detects the status of each module; sensors (temperature sensor 21, humidity sensor 22, water quality sensor 23) collect data every minute and transmit it to controller 3; controller 3 calculates the deviation through PID algorithm and drives the execution module to perform actions (such as heating, water replenishment, and water replacement); after 22-25 days of incubation, the leeches move along the inclined channel 12 under the water attraction instinct and slide down the screen 121 into the water area 13. The drain valve can be opened to transfer the leeches to the breeding pond; after the incubation cycle is completed, the incubation box 11 is cleaned, the incubation soil 112 is replaced, and the next batch of incubation is prepared.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A leech seedling hatching control system, characterized in that, It includes an incubation unit, an environmental monitoring module, an intelligent control module, and an execution module; The incubation unit includes an incubation box (11), an inclined channel (12), and a water area (13). The incubation box (11) contains incubation soil (112). The inclined channel (12) connects to the incubation box (11) and spans across the water area (13). The inclined channel (12) has a screen (121) on its end face and bottom. The water area (13) is located below the incubation box (11) and the water level is close to the screen (121). The environmental monitoring module includes a temperature sensor (21) and a humidity sensor (22) embedded in the incubation soil (112) and a water quality sensor (23) installed in the water body area (13). The intelligent control module includes a controller (3) and a human-machine interface (31) connected to the controller (3). The controller (3) receives data from the environmental monitoring module and executes a PID algorithm. The execution module includes a temperature control unit, a humidity adjustment unit, and a water purification unit, which are electrically connected to the intelligent control module and execute control commands.

2. The leech seedling hatching control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The incubation soil (112) is a mixture of sandy soil and black soil in a 4:6 ratio.

3. The leech seedling hatching control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slope of the inclined channel (12) is 15° and the aperture of the screen (121) is 0.5 mm.

4. The leech seedling hatching control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control unit includes a heating element (411) on the top wall and a cooling element (412) on the bottom wall of the incubator (11).

5. The leech seedling hatching control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The humidity control unit includes an atomizing nozzle (422) disposed at the top of the incubator (11) and a peristaltic pump (421) connected to the atomizing nozzle (422).

6. The leech seedling hatching control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water quality sensor (23) uses a pH sensor (231) and an ammonia nitrogen sensor (232).

7. The leech seedling hatching control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water purification unit uses an ultraviolet germicidal lamp (431).

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