SULFONATED CELLULOSE-BASED COATING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR INCREASING FIRE RESISTANCE IN POLYURETHANE FOAMS

Abstract

The invention encompasses an environmentally friendly, halogen-free flame retardant system that imparts self-extinguishing, antibacterial, and improved thermal conductivity properties to polyurethane foam, textile-based materials, and wood and lignocellulosic structures by applying sulfonated cellulose derivatives alone or in combination with cationic components such as chitosan through sequential layering, dipping, spraying, and injection methods, as well as the application methods of this system.

Description

1 1 TARIFF SULFONATION FOR INCREASING FIRE RESISTANCE IN POLYURETHANE FOAMS. CELLULOSE-BASED COATING SYSTEM AND METHOD TECHNICAL AREA 5 The invention relates to the use of polyurethane foam, textile-based materials, and wood and lignocellulosic structures. on its surface or within its structural integrity, sulfonated cellulose derivatives, alone or in isolation Sequential layer coating with cationic components such as chitosan, by dipping, spraying and injection. By applying these methods, the material acquires self-extinguishing, antibacterial and improved properties. an environmentally friendly, halogen-free flame retardant system that provides thermal conductivity properties and these 10 It includes the implementation methods of the system. The invention applies particularly to natural and synthetic fibers, especially rigid, semi-rigid and flexible polyurethane foams. textile-based materials as well as wood and solid wood, MDF, particle board and plywood. An innovative flame-resistant material aimed at increasing the fire resistance of lignocellulosic-based materials. It relates to the retarder system and its application methods. In technology, the known halogen-based systems are used. Flame retardants, especially brominated and chlorinated compounds, phosphorus-based and nitrogen-containing compounds, have high effectiveness. However, combustion releases toxic products such as dioxins, furans, and corrosive gases. It is causing serious environmental pollution, such as phosphorus-induced eutrophication, and some In these situations, it is insufficient on its own. To overcome these technical problems, the existing 20 The invention involves the production of white powder or granules obtained by sulfonation of cellulose derivatives. It uses highly sulfonated cellulose derivatives as flame retardant active ingredients. This derivatives, either alone or with a natural cationic such as chitosan, on a polyurethane foam body. layered coating with the component by dipping, spraying or injection methods This coating creates a protective barrier on the material surface. Heat transfer is reduced, flame spread is delayed, and the material is given self-extinguishing properties. This feature is imparted. The invention also takes advantage of the nature of sulfonated cellulose derivatives. By imparting antibacterial properties and thermal conductivity to the materials to which it is applied, it reduces local heat loss. It also provides a cooling effect that reduces accumulation. This developed system is especially suitable for electrical and In hybrid vehicles, a thermal conductor is placed between the battery cells and the chassis frame in the battery packs. When used as a barrier, it reduces the risk of thermal runaway and prevents the flame from spreading between cells. It prevents its spread. In this respect, the invention is particularly beneficial for the automotive sector, as well as for electric vehicles. automotive, furniture, construction, aviation, marine, energy storage systems and electronics sectors In a wide range of industrial areas requiring fire safety, such as those mentioned above, non-toxic, environmentally friendly, and highly effective solutions are available. It offers a functional and cost-effective solution. 35 2 2 PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE In industrial applications requiring fire resistance, primarily polyurethane foams are used. Widely used to equip textile and wood-based materials with flame-retardant properties. Halogen-based, phosphorus-based, and nitrogen-containing flame retardant systems are used. Halogen-based flame retardants, especially brominated and chlorinated compounds, release radical 5 in the gas phase. It demonstrates high efficiency by interrupting the combustion reaction through its trapping mechanism. and is preferred especially in flammable polymeric materials such as polyurethane foam. However, these compounds produce dioxins, furans, and hydrogen halides during combustion. It releases corrosive and highly toxic gases, as well as persistent organic pollutants in the environment. By exhibiting this characteristic, it poses a serious risk to human health and ecosystems due to its bioaccumulation potential. This creates risks. Phosphorus-based flame retardants, on the other hand, operate in the condensed phase, thus protecting the material. It acts by forming a carbonization layer on its surface, thereby removing halogenated compounds. While they offer lower toxicity compared to other systems, when they are released into aquatic environments It can cause serious environmental pollution such as eutrophication, and some phosphorus compounds are toxic. It is also known to form decomposition products. Nitrogen-containing flame retardants, on the other hand, are generally single 15 They are unable to provide adequate fire performance and in most cases use phosphorescent or halogenated resins. It is used in combination with compounds for synergistic effects. Therefore, in the current technique... Conventional flame retardant systems used provide high fire resistance, however It has significant disadvantages in terms of toxicity, environmental pollution and human health risks, and It is far from offering sustainable solutions. 20 In current practices for ensuring fire resistance in textile-based materials, where flame retardant chemicals are integrated into fibers through impregnation, coating, or additives. Various methods are known. The traditional flame retardants used in these methods are important. Some of it, after application, gradually detaches from the material surface over time, reducing its effectiveness. 25 is losing ground, which negatively impacts both long-term performance stability and... This increases the risk of exposure to chemicals released into the environment. Additionally, some flame retardants... The release of volatile organic compounds by these compounds degrades indoor air quality in particular. It poses additional risks to user health. Wood and lignocellulosic based. In materials, pressure impregnation or surface treatment is used to increase fire resistance. Salt-based coatings (usually ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, boric acid) are applied using coating methods. Acid and borax mixtures are commonly used as flame retardants. These salt-based The systems exert their effect by forming a carbonization layer during a fire, but they are hygroscopic. Due to its properties, it disrupts the moisture balance of the material, leading to dimensional instability and surface problems. It can cause flowering problems and, in the long term, deterioration in mechanical properties. Also 35 These types of impregnation processes negatively affect the natural structure and aesthetic appearance of the wood. 3 3 can affect and in some cases cause compatibility problems with adhesives or topcoat paints. It is able to create. When polyurethane foams are considered specifically, these materials have a high flammability characteristic. systems where flame retardant additives are added directly to the foam formulation due to this reason 5 It is known that additive-type flame retardants have a homogeneous distribution within the polymer matrix. ensuring that the pore structure is not damaged during foaming and providing long-term benefits. Significant process challenges exist, such as preventing the migration of the material to the surface. Reactive flame retardants, on the other hand, provide more permanent solutions by chemically bonding to the polymer chain. However, the high synthesis costs of such compounds and the existing polyurethane 10 The complexity of integrating it into production processes limits its industrial applications. In addition, thermal management and fire safety are particularly important in electric vehicle battery systems. In applications where safety is critical, existing materials are only flame-retardant. its retarder performance is insufficient; at the same time, its antibacterial, thermal conductivity or Additional functional features such as heat distribution must be present together. Traditional 15 The systems fall short of meeting these multi-functional requirements, and have different features for each one. Using chemicals separately increases costs and compromises material integrity and This creates new problems in terms of process compatibility. In light of all these limitations and shortcomings encountered in the current technology, in summary; halogen-based 20 The problem of high toxicity and environmental persistence of phosphorus-based systems in water the eutrophication risk it creates in water sources, the inadequacy of nitrogen-based systems alone, textiles and Efficiency loss, migration, hygroscopic deterioration, and process issues encountered in wood applications. incompatibilities in polyurethane foam applications, distribution, migration, and multifunctionality. The lack of these features stands out as the most significant technical problems. The present invention addresses these technical issues. To solve these problems, fully bio- obtained by sulfonating cellulose derivatives. highly sulfonated cellulose derivatives as a base, halogen-free and environmentally friendly active ingredient. These derivatives are used either alone or in successive layering with a cationic component such as chitosan. Coating is applied to the surface of the material using coating, dipping, spraying or injection methods. or within its structural integrity, permanent, non-migrating and highly thermally stable 30 It forms a protective layer. Thus, the invention provides not only flame retardancy, but also... at the same time, additional functional properties such as antibacterial activity and improved thermal conductivity in a single unit. By offering it through the system, it also addresses the lack of multi-functionality in the current technology. The developed system is low-cost, easy to implement, does not produce toxic by-products, and With its superior properties that do not disrupt the natural structure of the material, it is primarily used in the automotive and electric vehicle industries. 35 including battery safety, in the textile, furniture, construction, aviation and marine sectors. It offers an innovative solution that fills critical gaps in current technology. 4 4 Patent document number CN219730827U describes a power battery mounted on a vehicle. The invention refers to a flame-retardant protective film used for wrapping. The invention is antistatic. a coating, a polyimide film layer, an organosilicon pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and a It offers a multilayer structure containing a polyester carrier film layer. The polyimide layer provides superior performance. While providing flame-retardant and explosion-proof performance, the antistatic coating reduces charge accumulation by 5. By preventing this, it reduces the risk of fire or explosion. The organosilicon adhesive layer, on the other hand, absorbs heat. It helps to dissipate heat quickly, thus preventing thermal buildup. In the present invention, however, the flame... Instead of synthetic polyimide or organosilicon compounds as retarder active substances, entirely Bio-based and environmentally friendly sulfonated cellulose derivatives are used, and in this respect... 10 The material offers a non-toxic and sustainable solution throughout its life cycle. They differ in this respect. Patent document CN217823120U describes a drive chassis made of flame-retardant expanded graphite. The invention is described as a body and a coating applied sequentially on the outer surface of this body. It includes a high-temperature resistant layer and a flame-retardant layer. The chassis body is 15 An expanded graphite composite pad is also placed on top of it, and this pad holds the battery in place. It provides shock absorption and thermal insulation during the assembly of its cells. The present invention, however... Flame retardancy is not limited to a coating on the chassis surface only, but also applies to polyurethane foam and textiles. and as a coating system that can be integrated into the structure of different materials such as wood. It offers and also additional functional properties such as antibacterial and thermal conductivity in a single 20 It integrates them into the system. Patent document number WO2024138097A1 describes how to connect battery cells of an electric vehicle to each other. providing protection for a connecting busbar, circumferentially continuous, axially and radially. It refers to a stretchable, fire-extinguishing, puncture-resistant dielectric braided sheath. 25 The invention involves a material that runs along a longitudinal axis and has a thickness between 30 and 420 tex. It has a knitted wall made of multifilament flame-resistant yarn. All of this knitted wall Its outer surface is surrounded by an impermeable coating. The present invention aims to provide flame resistance. Unlike structures based on mineral or synthetic fibers, this one uses a renewable material like cellulose. using sulfonated derivatives obtained from the source and coating them into a knitted fabric structure 30 No, it is applied directly to polyurethane foam, textile, and wood surfaces. Patent document number CN120082321A describes an organosilicon flame-retardant polystyrene foam and The preparation process for this is described. The invention is a two-component system consisting of components A and B. It offers a system where component A is dimethylsilicone oil and modified polysiloxane, and component B is 3-35 The mixture contains decanol, hydroxyl-terminated polysiloxane, and a catalyst. The resulting foam, Excellent damping, thermal insulation, sound insulation and flame retardancy thanks to its closed-cell structure. It exhibits these properties and can be used in electric vehicle battery heat insulation pads. The present invention, however, uses polyurethane foam, textiles, and a synthetic polymer matrix instead of polystyrene. It has been developed as a coating system that can be applied to different substrates such as wood, Natural and environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic organosilicon polymers as active flame retardant components. It uses sulfonated cellulose derivatives. 5 Patent document CN209168800U describes a fire-resistant battery for an electric vehicle. The invention refers to a connecting cable. It consists of a conductive core and a cable surrounding this core. From the inside out, in order: an insulation layer, a flame retardant layer, a fire-resistant layer. It offers a multi-layered cable structure consisting of 10 layers and a thermal insulation sheath. The design incorporates a high degree of fire resistance and heat insulation in the battery connection cable. This invention integrates flame-retardant properties into the layers of a cable structure. rather than providing it with additives or coatings, it is an independent coating system. It is applied as such and provides not only flame retardancy but also antibacterial activity and It offers multiple functions, such as thermal conductivity, in a single material. 15 Patent document CN114736572A describes a fire-resistant coating for a battery. The invention is described as involving a binder based on acrylic resin, epoxy resin, or fluoropolymer. together, aluminum, as well as halogenated compounds such as bromodiphenyl ether and antimony trioxide. A coating composition that uses inorganic substances such as hydroxide as flame retardants. 20 It offers a coating that also resists fire, similar to that used in current electric vehicle battery packs. It aims to solve the problems of high-strength felts, such as increased mass and poor heat dissipation. The present invention, however, differs fundamentally from this approach, as it carries environmental and toxic risks. Instead of halogenated or heavy metal-containing compounds, completely halogen-free and bio-based sulfonated compounds are used. It uses cellulose derivatives, thus minimizing the release of toxic byproducts such as dioxins and furans during combustion. It prevents its formation. Patent document number KR102789124B1 describes excellent heat resistance and weather resistance. a coating with durability and fire spread delay performance The composition is described. The invention is an acrylic-silicone resin, an inorganic flame retardant 30 and contains a liquid phosphorus-based flame retardant, especially for the battery module of an electric vehicle. or suitable for coating its packaging. The present invention uses synthetic resins such as acrylic-silicone and Chemical modification of cellulose, a completely natural polymer, instead of phosphorus-based compounds. It utilizes an active substance obtained through this process. Therefore, the present invention utilizes a phosphorus-based flame retardant. It also eliminates environmental risks such as eutrophication caused by retarders in aquatic environments. 35 It removes. 6 6 Patent document number US2022393267A1 describes three applications for electric vehicle batteries. The invention refers to a three-dimensional flame barrier. The invention encompasses height, width, and length. having a defined complex geometry and consisting of inorganic fibers, inorganic particles and a It offers a barrier consisting of a flame-resistant material containing an inorganic binder. The height of the barrier is significantly greater than the thickness of the material that composes it. 5 Unlike this structural barrier approach, the present invention utilizes polyurethane foam, textiles, and wood. It is a coating system that can be applied to the surface of existing materials. In this way, The present invention allows for the integration of an additional three-dimensional barrier component without requiring the existing one. It improves the fire performance of materials. Patent document number CN117790982A describes a flame-retardant, heat-insulating and heat-distributing material. The battery pack is being discussed. The invention is for analyzing the heat generation of battery cells. using a simulation model and flame retardant around each cell or module arranging them in independent modules by forming an insulation enclosure with a cladding. This approach aims to reduce the formation of harmful gases during combustion and minimize thermal runaway. It aims to prevent its uncontrolled spread. The current invention, however, addresses this complex simulation and... without the need for a modular design approach, directly using existing materials. It enables the achievement of the same goals with an applicable coating system and also It offers additional advantages such as antibacterial properties. Patent document KR102573300B1 describes a battery module found in an electric vehicle. A method and apparatus for protection are described. The invention is made of polyimide material. a first coating layer and a second coating made of flame-retardant silicone rubber material. It offers a multi-layered protective cover structure containing a layer of layers. This cover protects the battery. It completely surrounds the module and also has a fire extinguishing agent injection port 25 It includes a complex mechanical system that completely surrounds the battery module. Instead of an encapsulation structure, a coating that can be placed directly between cells or modules. It operates as a system and is passive, without requiring active fire extinguishing mechanisms. It acts as a flame barrier. Patent document number CN219406712U describes a wear-resistant material for an electric bicycle. The text refers to a sunshade seat cover. The invention consists of an inner layer of corduroy velvet, which... It has a mesh fabric, a layer of foam, a flame-retardant layer, a thermal insulation layer, and It features a multi-layered fabric structure with an outermost reflective layer. These layers, This allows the seat cover to provide heat reflection, insulation and flame retardant properties all at once. 35 It is recognized. The present invention integrates a separate flame-retardant property into the textile structure. Rather than presenting it as a layer, it can be applied retrofitted to existing fabric surfaces. 7 7 It has self-extinguishing properties thanks to the coating system and also antibacterial activity. It offers additional functions such as these. Patent document CN202601250U describes a single-core flexible battery for a hybrid electric vehicle. A cable is being discussed. The invention is made by twisting multi-stranded oxygen-free copper conductors together. a conductive mesh is formed and on this, a low-sulfurization process is applied without requiring a sulfating treatment. a smoky, halogen-free, flame-retardant and oil-resistant elastomeric material It includes an insulation layer. The present invention, however, is for a specific application area such as cable insulation. It is not intended for fire protection, but is suitable for a wide range of materials including polyurethane foam, textiles, and wood. It aims to increase the strength of sulfonated cellulose derivatives. In addition, the present invention aims to increase the strength of 10 sulfonated cellulose derivatives. Thanks to its natural composition, it possesses flame-retardant, antibacterial, and thermal conductivity properties. It also includes. Patent document CN119975194A describes a system for new energy vehicles and gasoline-powered vehicles. The invention refers to fire prevention and flame retardation technology. It describes vehicles that can withstand fire for 15 minutes. To protect against fire, fire-retardant thermal insulation is placed between the engine compartment, passenger compartment and battery pack. Adding insulation materials, painting the vehicle with fire-retardant paint, the underside of the vehicle many It encompasses various measures. The present invention, however, instead of this broad and scattered set of measures, includes specific Applicable to material groups, a single chemical system provides both flame retardancy and 20%... It provides a focused solution that also offers additional functional features. Patent document CN121076291A describes a battery pack and an electric vehicle. The invention is described as an inert liquid capable of completely submerging battery cells, and this liquid... a pump for circulation and a 25 applied on the side near the inner cavity of the battery compartment It offers an active thermal management and fire safety system featuring a flame-retardant coating. The present invention provides a passive solution without the need for active cooling and liquid immersion systems of this type. It reduces heat transfer through the coating and delays flame spread. This situation, making the current invention significantly advantageous in terms of system complexity, weight and cost. It brings. 30 Patent document KR102679400B1 describes a thermal composite containing a nano-cluster type oxide. flame retardant paper that prevents leakage and enhances fire resistance, and its production method. It is mentioned that this invention, applied to secondary battery packs, allows the paper to withstand high temperatures. It is stated that it maintains its dimensional stability and is non-flammable. The present invention is a paper-based 35 Going beyond being just a product, polyurethane foam can be used in different forms and on surfaces such as textiles and wood. It offers a coating system that can be applied to materials with specific properties. Additionally... 8 8 Sulfonated cellulose, the active ingredient of the present invention, forms nano-cluster type composite oxides. Compared to synthesis, it is obtained from a more natural, abundant, and environmentally friendly source. Patent document number CN110819140A describes thick coatings for new energy electric vehicles. A single-component, inorganic, high-temperature resistant corrosion inhibitor applicable to applications of 5. The invention refers to coatings. The invention involves water-soluble silicates, anti-corrosion fillers, metallic zinc powder, high-temperature resistant fillers, fibers, and a silane coupling agent. It offers a coating composition containing [specific material]. The coating is particularly suitable for electric vehicle batteries. It has been developed to address the problem of rapid combustion and can withstand high-temperature tests. Currently available. The invention uses a natural and organic 10 instead of heavy metals and complex inorganic binder systems. By using a cellulose derivative, which is a polymer, both environmental impact and potential toxicity are significantly reduced. It reduces it significantly. Patent document number WO2021019495A1 describes fire protection for electric vehicle battery modules. The invention refers to barrier products. It is a flexible flame-retardant foam, an inorganic fiber 15 It offers a composite structure consisting of three layers and a fire-protective coating. These three The component can be arranged in different configurations. The present invention has flame-retardant properties. to provide this, multiple physical layers such as a separate foam layer and a separate inorganic fiber layer. Instead of layering them together, a single coating system protects existing materials from fire. It aims to directly improve performance. 20 Patent document number CN201556446U describes highly flexible and anti-interference solutions for new energy vehicles. The invention refers to a preventative battery cable. It involves multiple thin copper wires. a conductor formed by twisting, an insulating layer on top of it, and an outermost metal. It includes a protective shield made of wire mesh. The outer sheath and insulation layer of the cable are flame resistant (25°C). from a modified elastomeric material with flame retardant and high temperature resistance This invention, unlike this specific cable application, can be used for a much wider range of materials. It offers a coating technology that can be used in a wide range of applications and is also flame-retardant. It adds antibacterial and thermal management properties to its retardation properties. Patent document number CN112054133A describes a surface for an electric vehicle lithium-ion battery. a coated, additive modified silica aerogel felt product and its production method It is stated that the invention consists of a layer of reinforced modified silica aerogel felt, on both sides of this layer. a heat-melt film layer on its surface and a flame-retardant silicone gel surface on top of that It contains a layer. This structure solves the dusting problem of aerogel while withstanding high temperatures of 35°C. It maintains its durability. However, the current invention addresses complex and costly aerogel production processes. 9 9 without requiring, a simple chemical modification such as sulfonated cellulose It provides high fire resistance thanks to its coating. Patent document number CN218648061U describes the assembly of a battery pack for an electric vehicle. The structure is described. The invention is a battery pack assembly substrate, this substrate consisting of 5 forming an anti-corrosion layer, cooling plate, waterproof layer and external control plate. It features a composite structure containing a hole inside the outer control plate for water drainage. It contains a cavity that includes a flame-retardant sponge. The present invention, a flame-retardant sponge integrated as a structural element of the battery pack Rather than being used, it can be applied as a standalone coating system and the existing 10 It improves the fire performance of polyurethane foams. Patent document CN221775443U describes a flexible multilayer system for an electric vehicle. The invention refers to a battery pack insulator. It is a composite material consisting of an inner and outer surface made of mineral. A multilayered 15 containing an outer mineral material layer similar to the material layer. It has a wall structure. At least one of these layers has a flame-retardant coating bonded to it, and An adhesive layer is bonded to the outer surface of the inner layer. The present invention relates to fire protection. combining multiple layers of expensive mineral materials to provide strength Instead, it aims to protect existing materials with a single coating system, thus It offers advantages in terms of both cost and production complexity. 20 In patent document number CN221937710U (a different invention belonging to the same family of inventions as the previous item) configuration), a flexible multilayer battery pack insulator for an electric vehicle It is stated that the invention consists of an outer layer of mineral material with an inner and outer surface, this outer A primary flame-retardant coating bonded to the outer surface of the layer, an inner mineral material 25 It contains a protective layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer bonded to this inner layer. (Existing) However, the invention operates through a mechanism entirely different from these types of multilayered, mineral fiber-based structures. It is working on and using sulfonated cellulose derivatives, a bio-based polymer, to produce both flame-retardant solutions. Additional properties such as fire retardancy and antibacterial properties are achieved with a single thin coating layer. It provides. 30 Patent document CN118943648A describes a battery composite separator membrane and its The preparation method and application are described. The invention consists of a base material layer and a functional fiber consisting of coaxial electro-spun fibers applied to at least one of its surfaces It contains a coating. These fibers are made of a 35 high-temperature resistant polymer material. It has a shell structure consisting of a core and a ceramic material and a binder. The present invention, without requiring these complex electrospinning and coaxial fiber production processes, dipping, simpler and more industrially feasible options such as spray coating or layering. Flame-retardant coatings can be created using various methods. Patent document number CN205790107U describes a power battery pack for an electric vehicle. It is stated that the invention consists of a battery management control module, a heating layer and a flame 5 It features a power battery housing with a flame-retardant coating. The heating layer is cold. While ensuring normal battery operation in these environments, the flame-retardant coating prevents battery fires. It aims to reduce the risk. The present invention offers not only flame retardancy but also... Thanks to the natural structure of sulfonated cellulose derivatives, they possess properties such as antibacterial and thermal conductivity. It also offers passive safety and performance-enhancing features in a single system. 10 Patent document number CN215897334U describes a smart, two-wheeled electric vehicle-based system. The invention refers to a battery change cabinet. The invention includes a charging port and battery compartments. It has a battery change cabinet structure, and the battery is automatically located on the inner surface of the battery compartments. It features a flame-retardant coating that produces a non-flammable inert gas when burned. The current 15 This invention is one of the closest examples to this coating approach, however, the active flame used the chemical nature of the retarder and its limitation solely to flame retardancy function It differs in this respect. The present invention, however, is completely organic, bio-based, halogen-free, and the same It also possesses antibacterial and thermal conductivity properties. Patent document number CN205632089U describes an electric vehicle. The invention is a It includes a vehicle body with a battery compartment and a fire prevention device. This The mechanism is a drive mechanism attached to the vehicle body and is opened by this mechanism. It consists of a flame-retardant layer that can cover the opening of the battery compartment. Available The invention presents a movable fire barrier that is activated by an active mechanism, and the flame is reduced by 25 It aims to physically prevent its spread. The present invention, however, prevents any movement. without requiring any parts or active drive systems, directly to the surface of the material to be protected. It acts as a passive protective coating. Patent document CN109627943A describes a 30-inch multifunctional battery case suitable for a battery enclosure. The text describes a paint, its preparation method, and its application. The invention involves graphene and water. polyurethane-based resin, water-based acrylic resin, dispersant, thickener, crosslinking agent, and also The present invention offers a coating composition containing components such as flame retardants. Flame retardant properties are achieved with additives such as synthetic resins and graphene, while existing The sulfonated cellulose derivatives, the active component of our invention, are both bio-based in origin and 35 With its superior properties such as providing antibacterial and thermal conductivity simultaneously, this type of synthetic It differs from base-based systems. 11 11 Patent document number CN121495441A describes an aluminum battery tray for an electric car. The invention describes an insulating coating and its preparation method. The invention is based on epoxy. a coating containing resin, reinforcing resin, catalyst, flame retardant and other additives It presents the composition. The present invention provides a flame-retardant effect primarily from inorganic metal 5 While other methods achieve this through the dehydration of hydroxides, our present invention is entirely organic. It operates through a mechanism and offers a completely bio-based structure that is free of heavy metals. Patent document number CN119306933A describes a new organosilicon modified polyester resin and The method of preparing this is described. The invention is phenyltrichlorosilane, propyltrichlorosilane, medium 10 Synthesized using a molecular weight polyester resin and a catalyst, it has good mechanical properties. a resin with properties including electrical insulation, heat resistance and weather resistance This resin offers insulating and flame-retardant properties in new energy electric vehicle batteries. It is stated that it can be used as a coating. However, the current invention involves a costly and complex synthesis. Instead of organosilicon-modified polyester resins that require complex processes, a simple 15% natural cellulose can be used. a much more economical and environmentally friendly active ingredient obtained through chemical modification It uses. Patent document KR102602736B1 describes a perfect thermal leakage system for an electric vehicle. 20 from a high-voltage busbar connector with radiation prevention performance The invention is described as a busbar made of an electrically conductive metallic material. It consists of a body and a coating applied to the surface of this body. This coating, It aims to prevent the spread of flame and heat transfer to adjacent battery modules. The present invention, however, does not focus on coating a metallic conductive component such as a busbar, 25 directly between battery cells or on structural materials that pose a fire risk It is a coating system developed for application. Patent document EP4468486A1 describes a rechargeable battery, preferably a lithium-ion battery. or thermal insulation for a sodium-ion battery and / or a drive battery for an electric vehicle and / or a protective element is mentioned. The invention specifically refers to a layer of woven fibers 30 It offers a protective element containing a fiber layer that has a flame-retardant finish. The fiber layer is coated with a heat-reflecting, flame-retardant and / or dustproof coating. Unlike this approach, the present invention does not require a carrier fiber layer. a protective barrier on the structure or surface of the material to be protected It constitutes. 35 12 12 Patent document CN120829556A describes a conductive polymer, a multifunctional semi-solid. The invention describes elastomer electrolyte and its preparation method and application. Flame retardant, low-temperature coating is used to enable lithium metal batteries to operate at low temperatures. They have developed an electrolyte that is temperature resistant and has hydrogen fluoride inhibition properties. The present invention, however, is not a battery electrolyte or internal component, but an external coating system, 5 It provides passive protection in the event of a fire. Therefore, the present invention utilizes the chemical properties of the battery. It enhances safety by acting as a mechanical and thermal barrier without interfering with the structure. Patent document CN207875510U describes a vehicle rear-mounted power supply based on a vehicle battery. The image device is mentioned. The invention consists of a signal line, a conductive protective layer, and insulation 10. layer, oxygen barrier layer, waterproof layer, flame retardant coating and a protective layer It describes a cable structure that includes an outer layer. This invention is essentially an imaging system. and the flame-retardant coating is used solely for the protection of cables. Present invention However, it is not limited to such a narrow field of application, but has a wide range of uses for many different industries. It aims to ensure fire safety across its range of materials. 15 Patent document number CN205429035U describes a high-hardness material with thermal insulation properties. The invention refers to an electric vehicle battery protection housing. The invention consists of a base plate, a The box contains a battery and a lid, and the inner surface of the box has a thermal insulation layer and this There is a heating layer outside the main layer. The thermal insulation layer is flame-retardant. It is made of insulating material. The present invention is as a structural layer of an enclosure. Instead of using flame-retardant thermal insulation materials, such as existing polyurethane foam... It is a coating system applied to the surface of materials to make them flame retardant. Patent document US2025112310A1 describes a flexible multilayer 25 for an electric vehicle. The invention refers to a battery pack insulator. It is a composite material consisting of an inner and outer surface made of mineral. a multilayered material containing an outer layer of mineral material similar to the inner material layer It has a wall structure. At least one of these layers contains a flame-resistant material with silicone and mica. The coating is bonded. Additionally, an adhesive layer is bonded to the outer surface of the inner layer. There is at least one filament that fastens the layers together. The present invention applies to fire 30 mechanically bonding multiple layers of mineral material to provide strength Instead of introducing and reinforcing it with a separate coating, with a single bio-based coating system It aims to directly make existing materials functional, thereby enabling the material and It significantly reduces production costs. 35 13 13 Studies have shown that polyurethane foams, particularly in relation to electric vehicle battery safety, Existing research aimed at increasing fire resistance in textile-based materials and wood products. It appears that existing technical solutions have significant limitations and disadvantages. In a significant number of systems, despite providing high flame retardant effectiveness, combustion occurs. 5 that release highly toxic byproducts such as dioxins, furans and corrosive gases during the process halogenated compounds (brominated and chlorinated compounds) are used, and these compounds also have persistent organic properties. It has been found to exhibit polluting properties and pose a risk of bioaccumulation. Phosphorus-based flame. When retarders are released into aquatic environments, they can cause serious environmental pollution such as eutrophication. However, nitrogen-based systems often perform insufficiently on their own, making them inadequate for other systems. It has been determined that they should be used in conjunction with additives. In addition, textiles and wood 10 The effectiveness of conventional flame retardant treatments applied to essential materials over time lost, chemicals are removed from the environment, reducing the risk of environmental spread and human exposure. some systems increase and negatively affect indoor air quality by releasing volatile compounds. It is understood that it has an effect. Salt-based flame, commonly used in wood materials. Due to the hygroscopic properties of retarders (such as ammonium phosphate and borax), the moisture content of the material is 15 disrupting its balance leads to dimensional instability, surface blooming, and long-term mechanical problems. these impregnation processes lead to deterioration in properties and also damage the natural structure of the wood. it negatively affects the aesthetic appearance and creates compatibility problems with the topcoat paints. It is known that in polyurethane foam applications, additive-type flame retardants are used in the polymer matrix. ensuring homogeneous distribution within it, the pore structure during foaming is 20 such as preventing deterioration and preventing the migration of the additive to the surface in the long term. There are significant process challenges, and reactive type flame retardants have high synthesis costs. industrial due to the complexity of its integration into existing production processes Its applications are limited, particularly in electric vehicle battery systems, where thermal management is a key focus. And in applications where fire safety is critical, only 25% of existing solutions its flame retardant performance is insufficient, and it also lacks antibacterial and thermal conductivity properties. While traditional methods require the combination of additional functional features such as heat distribution, the systems are far from meeting these multi-functional requirements and for each feature Using different chemicals separately increases costs and compromises material integrity. It has been determined that this creates new problems in terms of technical issues. The present invention addresses these technical problems. 30 a white powder or granules obtained by sulfonation of cellulose derivatives for dissolution. using highly sulfonated cellulose derivatives in this form as flame retardant active substances, It offers a completely halogen-free, bio-based and environmentally friendly coating system. These derivatives, polyurethane foam body, either alone or with a natural cationic component such as chitosan. applied together using layered coating, dipping, spraying or injection methods 35 Permanent, non-migrating, and high-performance coating on the material surface or within its structural integrity. It forms a thermally stable protective layer on the material surface. 14 14 By creating a protective barrier, heat transfer is reduced, flame spread is delayed, and The material is given self-extinguishing properties. The present invention also involves sulfonated Thanks to the natural structure of cellulose derivatives, they provide antibacterial properties to the materials to which they are applied. By improving thermal conductivity, it also provides a cooling effect that reduces local heat accumulation. Thus, the lack of multifunctionality in existing techniques is overcome through a single system. 5 This system addresses the problem, particularly in the battery packs of electric and hybrid vehicles. When used as a thermal barrier placed between the battery cells and the case frame, it provides thermal protection. It reduces the risk of leakage and prevents the spread of flames between cells, as well as any The system provides passive protection without requiring moving parts or an active drive system. It also offers significant advantages in terms of complexity, weight, and cost. In this respect, the existing 10 invention, automotive (especially electric vehicles), furniture, construction, aviation, marine, energy storage a wide range of sectors requiring fire safety, particularly systems and electronics. In the industrial field, non-toxic, environmentally friendly, multifunctional, cost-effective and By offering a solution with high long-term performance stability, it addresses critical gaps in existing technology. It is filling. 15 Ultimately, the problems mentioned above, which cannot be solved with the current technology, are related to the technical aspects. This has made it necessary to make an innovation in the field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 20 The present invention has been developed to eliminate the technical shortcomings mentioned above. Sulfonated cellulose-based coating for increasing fire resistance in polyurethane foams. It is related to the system and method. The main purpose of the invention is to create a composite between polyurethane foams, textile-based materials, and wood and lignocellulosic materials. 25 halogenated, phosphorus and nitrogen-based compounds in current technology aimed at increasing fire resistance in buildings The issue of toxicity, environmental pollution, and human health risks caused by flame retardants. The goal is to offer a fundamental and sustainable solution. This will prevent the release of dioxins, furans, and other substances during combustion. The formation of highly toxic byproducts such as corrosive gases is completely prevented, in addition serious environmental pollution such as eutrophication caused by phosphorus-based compounds in water resources By preventing this, a completely halogen-free, bio-based and environmentally friendly flame retardant system is obtained. 30 is being done. Another objective of the invention is to use sulfonated cellulose derivatives as flame retardant active substances. by using renewable and natural resources, which are inexpensive and abundant. The goal is to develop an industrial-scale coating system using raw materials. In this way, Dependence on synthetic and expensive flame retardant chemicals is reduced, and production costs are lowered. and the environmental footprint of the material is minimized throughout its life cycle. Another aim of the invention is to apply sulfonated cellulose derivatives to polyurethane foam, textiles, and wood. Layer coating, dipping, spraying and injection of base materials onto the surface by enabling its application through various methods, 5 different forms and surface properties The goal is to offer a flexible and versatile coating system that can easily adapt to various materials. This allows for a wide range of integrations into existing industrial production lines with minimal modifications. A practical and efficient solution is provided that addresses a wide range of applications. Another purpose of the invention is to create a protective barrier on the surface of the applied material, thereby reducing heat. to reduce flame transfer, delay flame spread and give the material self-extinguishing properties 10 The aim is to prevent the uncontrolled spread of flames during a fire. Structural integrity is preserved for a longer period, and escape routes, which are critical for life and property safety, are also improved. Intervention times are significantly increased. Another aim of the invention is to exploit the inherent properties of sulfonated cellulose derivatives. Its antibacterial properties provide a hygienic function to the materials to which it is applied. 15 This helps to prevent microbial growth, especially in textile and wood-based materials. in applications requiring health and hygiene (hospital textiles, wood used in the food industry) (surfaces, automotive interiors) superior protection without the need for additional chemical treatment. is provided. Another aim of the invention is to improve the thermal conductivity of sulfonated cellulose derivatives. By taking advantage of it, it creates a cooling effect that reduces local heat accumulation on the material to which it is applied. The aim is to create a barrier between battery cells, especially in electric vehicle battery systems. The risk of thermal runaway is minimized, and a more homogeneous distribution of heat is ensured. This improves both the safety and performance life of the battery. Another aim of the invention is to apply it not only to polyurethane foams but also to textile and wood-based materials. by enabling the effective use of the same coating system, multiple applications with a single technology. Our goal is to meet the fire safety needs of numerous sectors. This includes the automotive, furniture, and construction industries, among others. in various industrial fields such as aviation, marine, energy storage systems and electronics By offering a standard solution, the advantages of inter-sectoral technology transfer and economies of scale are realized. is obtained. 30 Another aim of the invention is to address the long-term challenges faced by flame-retardant systems in current technology. Migration eliminates problems such as loss of effectiveness and deterioration of material integrity. The goal is to remove sulfonated cellulose derivatives from the material surface or structural integrity. 16 16 Thanks to its chemical and physical adhesion, it can detach from the environment or surface over time. Problems such as flowering do not occur, thus ensuring flame-retardant performance throughout its lifespan. This ensures that it is stable and lasting. Another aim of the invention is to utilize battery cells, especially in battery packs for electric and hybrid vehicles. By being used as a thermal barrier between the case frame and the chassis, it reduces the risk of thermal runaway and 5 The goal is to prevent the spread of flame between cells. This is why current technology is widely used. glass fiber reinforced composites, aluminum alloys, and high-cost engineering materials are used. It offers a lighter, cheaper and more environmentally friendly alternative compared to plastics, thus Electric vehicles are being improved in terms of both safety and energy efficiency. Another aim of the invention is to ensure that when applied to the surface of wood and lignocellulose-based materials, 10 In addition to fire resistance, it also has antibacterial properties and cationic paint adhesion capacity. The goal is to improve the overall performance of the material in a multifaceted way by developing it. In this way, the existing Hygroscopic deterioration caused by salt-based impregnation processes in technology, on the surface Problems such as efflorescence and paint incompatibility are eliminated, preserving the natural properties of the wood material. Superior fire safety is ensured while preserving aesthetics and mechanical integrity. 15 Another aim of the invention is to create a self-adhesive bond to the fabric when applied to textile-based materials. by imparting extinguishing properties, especially in furniture upholstery, automotive interior trim materials and The goal is to maximize fire safety in applications such as protective clothing. In this way, The effectiveness of current flame retardant treatments is diminished over time through washing or abrasion. The problem of loss is overcome thanks to the permanent adhesion of the coating to the textile surface. 20 The product exhibits consistent fire performance throughout its lifespan. All the purposes mentioned above and those that will emerge from the detailed explanation below. The present invention aims to realize flame retardants containing sulfonated cellulose derivatives. It relates to the coating system. This system involves the polyurethane material to which the coating process is applied. 25 selected from the group of foam, textile-based materials or wood and lignocellulosic-based materials. At least one Substrate Material, to be applied onto the aforementioned Substrate Material prepared by sulfonation of cellulose derivatives, with a concentration ranging from 1.0 to 2.5 It is in the form of a white powder or granules with a sulfonation degree, and its size ranges from 1 µm to 2000 µm. At least one sulfonated cellulose derivative showing an average particle size distribution, The aforementioned sulfonated cellulose derivative was coated sequentially using a layered coating method for 30 seconds. Chitosan, a naturally occurring cationic component, is used in the application of the aforementioned substrate. By dipping, to form a homogeneous layer on the material. The applied Dip Coating Unit sprays onto the surface of the aforementioned Substrate Material. The Spray Coating Unit, applied via this method, specifically for the aforementioned Substrate Material. Injection 35 to ensure the coating penetrates deeply when it is porous 17 17 Injection Coating Unit and the aforementioned Sulfonated Cellulose applied by this method The aforementioned chitosan, along with its derivative, exhibits successive and multiple patterns on the surface of the aforementioned substrate material. It includes a Layered Coating Unit, which is applied to create a layered structure. The invention also includes a flame retardant containing the sulfonated cellulose derivative described above. It also includes the application method of the coating system, and the method consists of the following 5 steps: It includes: • Polyurethane foam, textile-based material or wood with lignocellulosic-based material Cleaning and coating the surface of at least one Substrate Material selected from the group. getting it ready. • A sulfonation ratio between 1.0 and 2.5 obtained by sulfonating cellulose derivatives. It is a white powder or granular substance with an average particle size between 1 µm and 2000 µm. At least one sulfonated cellulose derivative exhibiting a particle size distribution, in a suitable solvent. by dissolving it in a specific concentration, it becomes a coating solution. bringing. • The aforementioned Substrate Material contains the aforementioned Sulfonated Cellulose Derivative. The aforementioned substrate is coated by immersing it in the coating solution for a specific period of time. Using a Dip Coating Unit to create a homogeneous layer on the surface of the material. coating. • The aforementioned Substrate Material contains the aforementioned Sulfonated Cellulose Derivative. The coating solution is applied to the aforementioned substrate surface at a specific pressure and flow rate. 20 Coating by spraying at high speed using a Spray Coating Unit. • If the aforementioned substrate material has a porous structure, The aforementioned Substrate Material contains the aforementioned Sulfonated Cellulose Derivative. The coating solution is injected into the aforementioned substrate using a needle or syringe. Coating by Injection Coating Unit by penetrating into the material and 25 Ensuring the coating penetrates deep into the aforementioned substrate material. • The aforementioned Substrate Material is the aforementioned Sulfonated Cellulose Derivative and The aforementioned chitosan is applied sequentially and alternately to the surface of the aforementioned substrate material. Coating with a Layered Coating Unit by applying a certain number of layers and Creation of a multi-layered protective barrier structure. 30 18 18 • By drying the aforementioned coated substrate material, The aforementioned sulfonated cellulose derivative may adhere to the surface of the aforementioned substrate material or Ensuring that its structural integrity is permanently maintained. • The aforementioned coated substrate material, after the drying process is complete, must be electrically or 5 for placement between battery cells and chassis frame in a hybrid vehicle's battery pack positioning. The best way to utilize the advantages of the existing invention, together with its structure and additional elements. For it to be understood, it must be considered together with the figures explained below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 10 Figure 1: Sulfonated cellulose-based solution for increasing fire resistance in polyurethane foams. This is a schematic view of the coating system. REFERENCE NUMBERS 1 - Substrate Material 15 11 - Sulfonated Cellulose Derivative 12 - Chitosan 13 - Immersion Coating Unit 14 - Spray Coating Unit - Injection Coating Unit 20 16-Layer Coating Unit DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This detailed explanation focuses solely on the innovation in the invention to provide a better understanding of the subject matter. It is conveyed without being limited to examples. Accordingly, in the following explanation and figures, 25 Sulfonated cellulose-based coating for increasing fire resistance in polyurethane foams. The system and method are explained. Figure 1 shows sulfonated cellulose-based solutions for increasing fire resistance in polyurethane foams. This is a schematic view of the coating system. Accordingly, the system is: 30 • The coating process is applied to polyurethane foam, textile-based material, or wood. At least one Substrate Material selected from the lignocellulosic based material group (1), 19 19 • Cellulose prepared to be applied onto the mentioned Substrate Material (1) obtained by sulfonation of its derivatives, with a sulfonation degree ranging from 1.0 to 2.5. It is in the form of a white powder or granules, with an average particle size between 1 µm and 2000 µm. At least one Sulfonated Cellulose Derivative showing distribution (11), • With the aforementioned Sulfonized Cellulose Derivative (11), by layer coating method, 5 consecutive Chitosan (12), a natural cationic component used for application, • To form a homogeneous layer on the mentioned Substrate Material (1) Immersion Coating Unit (13) applied by immersion method, • Spray applied to the surface of the mentioned Substrate Material (1) by spraying Coating Unit (14), 10 • The coating penetrates deep when the mentioned Substrate Material (1) is particularly porous. Injection Coating Unit applied by injection method to ensure penetration. (15) and • The mentioned Sub-Sulfonized Cellulose Derivative (11) and the mentioned Chitosan (12) To form a successive and multilayered structure on the surface of the Layer Material (1) 15 Layered Coating Unit (16) where it is applied It includes. The subject of the invention is a flame-retardant coating system containing a sulfonated cellulose derivative, Substrate. Increasing the fire resistance and self-extinguishing properties of the material (1) 20 It was developed with the aim of providing this benefit, and its working principle is based on the aforementioned Substrate Material. (1) is based on creating a protective barrier on the surface of cellulose derivatives. obtained by sulfonation, having a sulfonation degree ranging between 1.0 and 2.5, It is in the form of a white powder or granules, with an average particle size between 1 µm and 2000 µm. The distribution of Sulfonated Cellulose Derivative (11) is 25 in a suitable solvent. The process begins with dissolving the substance to form a coating solution. This coating When the solution is applied to the aforementioned Substrate Material (1), Dip Coating Unit (13), Spray Coating Unit (14), Injection Coating Unit Coating process using one or more of (15) or Layered Coating Unit (16). It is carried out. The Substrate Material (1) mentioned with the Dip Coating Unit (13) is 30 A specific coating solution containing the mentioned Sulfonized Cellulose Derivative (11) should be added to it. By immersing it for a period of time, the aforementioned Substrate Material (1) is homogeneous on the surface When forming a layer, the coating solution is mixed with the Spray Coating Unit (14). spraying the mentioned Substrate Material (1) onto the surface at a certain pressure and flow rate In this way, a homogeneous coating is obtained. The aforementioned Substrate Material If (1) has a porous structure, Injection Coating Unit (15) comes into play and the coating solution is applied to the aforementioned Substrate via a needle or syringe. The material (1) is penetrated into it so that the coating penetrates deep into the material 5 On the other hand, when the Layered Coating Unit (16) is used, The mentioned Sulfonized Cellulose Derivative (11) and Chitosan (12), a natural cationic component A certain number of consecutive and alternating applications are made to the surface of the mentioned Substrate Material (1). A multi-layered protective barrier structure is created by applying multiple layers. All of this... In coating methods, the mentioned Sulfonized Cellulose Derivative (11) is the mentioned Substrate 10 By adhering to the surface or structural integrity of the material (1) a permanent protective layer This layer forms when exposed to high temperatures through a carbonization mechanism. It works by forming a barrier on the material surface, thus reducing heat transfer and flame spread. is delayed and the self-extinguishing property of the mentioned Substrate Material (1) is imparted. It is provided. In addition, thanks to the natural structure of the mentioned Sulfonized Cellulose Derivative (11), 15 The mentioned Substrate Material (1) also has antibacterial properties and thermal conductivity. By adding this, a cooling effect is also achieved, reducing local heat accumulation. Coated in this way. The mentioned Substrate Material (1) is used especially in the battery pack of an electric or hybrid vehicle. When placed between the battery cells and the case frame, it reduces the risk of thermal runaway and fire. By acting as a thermal barrier that prevents its spread, it provides superior fire safety performance. 20 presents. 30

Claims

21 21 REQUESTS 1. Sulfonated cellulose-based solutions for increasing fire resistance in polyurethane foams. It is a coating system, and its characteristic is... • The coating process is applied to polyurethane foam, textile-based material, or wood. At least one Substrate Material (1) selected from the lignocellulosic based material group, 5 • Cellulose prepared to be applied onto the mentioned Substrate Material (1) obtained by sulfonation of its derivatives, with a sulfonation ratio ranging from 1.0 to 2.

5. It is a white powder or granular substance with a particle size between 1 µm and 2000 µm. At least one Sulfonated Cellulose Derivative showing average particle size distribution (11), • With the mentioned Sulfonized Cellulose Derivative (11) by layer coating method 10 Chitosan is a natural cationic compound used for sequential application. (12), • To form a homogeneous layer on the mentioned Substrate Material (1) Immersion Coating Unit (13) applied by immersion method, • By spraying onto the surface of the mentioned Substrate Material (1) 15 Spray Coating Unit applied (14), • The coating when the mentioned Substrate Material (1) is particularly porous Injection is administered by injection to ensure deep penetration. Coating Unit (15) and • The mentioned Sulfonized Cellulose Derivative (11) and the mentioned Chitosan (12) 20 A successive and multilayered structure on the surface of the mentioned Substrate Material (1) Layered Coating Unit (16) applied in such a way as to form It is characterized by its inclusion.

2. Sulfonated cellulose-based solutions for increasing fire resistance in polyurethane foams. It is a coating method and its characteristic is 25 • Polyurethane foam, textile-based material or wood with lignocellulosic-based material Cleaning the surface of at least one Substrate Material (1) selected from the group and preparing it for coating. • Obtained by sulfonation of cellulose derivatives, with a concentration ranging from 1.0 to 2.5 It is in the form of a white powder or granules with a sulfonation degree, ranging from 1 µm to 2000 µm. 22 22 At least one sulfonated cellulose showing an average particle size distribution among them. Dissolving the derivative (11) in a suitable solvent at a specific concentration. by transforming it into a coating solution. • The aforementioned Substrate Material (1) is the aforementioned Sulfonized Cellulose Derivative By immersing it in the coating solution containing (11) for a certain period of time, 5 will form a homogeneous layer on the surface of the mentioned Substrate Material (1) Coating with Immersion Coating Unit (13) in this way. • The aforementioned Substrate Material (1) is the aforementioned Sulfonized Cellulose Derivative The coating solution containing (11) is applied to the surface of the aforementioned Substrate Material (1) with certain Spray Coating Unit (14) with 10 by spraying at a pressure and flow rate coating. • The mentioned Substrate Material (1) has a porous structure. In this case, the aforementioned Substrate Material (1) is the aforementioned Sulfonized The coating solution containing cellulose derivative (11) is applied by means of a needle or syringe. Injection 15 by penetrating into the mentioned Substrate Material (1). Coating Unit (15) and coating of the mentioned Substrate Material Ensuring that it reaches the depths of (1). • The aforementioned Substrate Material (1) is the aforementioned Sulfonized Cellulose Derivative (11) and the aforementioned Chitosan (12) on the surface of the aforementioned Substrate Material (1). Layered 20 is created by applying a specific number of layers sequentially and alternately. Coating Unit (16) and a multilayer protective barrier structure creation. • By drying the coated Substrate Material (1) mentioned above, The mentioned Substrate Material of the mentioned Sulfonized Cellulose Derivative (11) (1) ensuring that it adheres permanently to the surface or structural integrity. 25 • The coated Substrate Material (1) mentioned above, after the drying process is completed, in an electric or hybrid vehicle, between the battery cells and the chassis frame positioning for placement. It is characterized by including its steps.

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