Electric drive system for a motor vehicle, and motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric drive system (10), with a housing (12), with at least one electric machine (14) which has at least one rotor (20) rotatable relative to the housing (12), and with a parking lock device (26), which has a locking toothing (28) provided on the rotor (20) and thus co-rotatable with the rotor (20) and at least one locking pawl (36), which is movable relative to the rotor (20), the locking toothing (28) and the housing (12), between a locking position and a release position. In the locking position, the locking pawl (36) engages in the locking toothing (28), so securing the rotor (20) against rotation relative to the housing (12). In the release position, the locking pawl (36) does not engage in the locking toothing (28), so meaning that the locking pawl (36) releases the rotor (20) to rotate relative to the housing (12), wherein, at least in the release position, the locking toothing (28) is arranged further outward in the radial direction of the electric drive system (10) and thus of the electric machine (14) than the locking pawl (36), and wherein teeth (64) of the locking toothing (28) protrude from a main body (G) in the axial direction of the electric machine (14).

Description

[0001] Electric drive system for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle

[0002] The invention relates to an electric drive system for a motor vehicle, in particular for a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, with such an electric drive system.

[0003] DE 102020200770 A1 discloses an electric drive for a motor vehicle, comprising a drive housing with a motor housing section defining an engine compartment. A stator arranged in the engine compartment and a rotor are provided, which is rotatably mounted relative to the stator by means of a rotor shaft. Furthermore, the electric drive is provided with a parking lock device with an engagement mechanism for locking the rotor shaft relative to the drive housing.

[0004] WO 2017 / 110577 A1 discloses a vehicle drive device comprising two electric motors for independently driving left and right drive wheels, two reduction gears for individually reducing the speed of the two electric motors and for transmitting the power to the left and right drive wheels, and a parking lock mechanism for blocking the two drive wheels.

[0005] DE 10 2017217 469 A1 discloses a motor vehicle with a locking device for securing the motor vehicle against rolling away, wherein the locking device has a switchable first locking unit which is designed to lock a first wheel of the motor vehicle only according to a first direction of rotation, and a switchable second locking unit which is designed to lock a second wheel of the motor vehicle, which is different from the first wheel, only according to a second direction of rotation, and wherein the first locking unit is designed to prevent movement of the motor vehicle in a first direction of travel by locking the first wheel in the first direction of rotation, and the second locking unit is designed to prevent movement of the motor vehicle in a second direction of travel, opposite to the first direction of travel, by locking the second wheel in the second direction of rotation.

[0006] DE 10 2020 105 874 B3 discloses a braking device comprising a braking unit and a contact element that is movable relative to the braking unit and can be brought into engagement therewith.

[0007] The object of the present invention is to realize an electric drive system and a motor vehicle with such an electric drive system, so that a parking lock can be realized particularly advantageously.

[0008] This object is achieved by an electric drive system having the features of patent claim 1 and by a motor vehicle having the features of patent claim 9. Advantageous embodiments with expedient further developments of the invention are specified in the remaining claims.

[0009] A first aspect of the invention relates to an electric drive system, also referred to as an electric drive device and designed as an electric drive device, for a motor vehicle, also simply referred to as a vehicle. This means that the motor vehicle, preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car, in its fully manufactured state has the electric drive system and can be driven, in particular purely electrically, by means of the electric drive system. The electric drive system has a housing and at least one electric machine, by means of which the motor vehicle can be driven, in particular purely electrically. In particular, the electric machine is arranged at least predominantly in the housing.The electric machine is very preferably a high-voltage component whose electrical voltage, in particular electrical operating or nominal voltage, is preferably greater than 50 volts, in particular greater than 60 volts, and very preferably amounts to several hundred volts. The electric machine has at least one rotor which is rotatable relative to the housing, in particular about a machine axis of rotation. For example, the electric machine has at least one stator, by means of which the rotor can be driven and is thus rotatable relative to the housing, in particular about the machine axis of rotation. Very particularly, the electric machine can provide drive torques for driving the motor vehicle via its rotor. The electric drive system also has a parking lock device which has locking teeth provided on the rotor and thus rotatable with the rotor, in particular about the machine axis of rotation, relative to the housing.The locking toothing is also simply referred to as toothing or parking lock toothing. It is conceivable for the locking toothing to be formed separately from the rotor, in particular separately from a rotor shaft of the rotor, and to be connected, in particular permanently and non-rotatably, to the rotor, in particular the rotor shaft. For example, the locking toothing is implemented by a parking lock gear of the parking lock device, wherein it is conceivable for the parking lock gear to be formed separately from the rotor, in particular from the rotor shaft, and to be connected, in particular permanently and non-rotatably, to the rotor, in particular to the rotor shaft. The parking lock device, also simply referred to as a parking lock, furthermore has at least one pawl which is movable, in particular pivotable, relative to the rotor, relative to the locking toothing, and relative to the housing between a locking position and a release position.Most preferably, the pawl is pivotable about a pivot axis relative to the rotor, relative to the locking teeth, and relative to the housing between the locked position and the release position. For example, the pivot axis runs parallel to the machine rotation axis, wherein the pivot axis is spaced from the machine rotation axis. For example, the pawl is fixed to the housing in a rotationally fixed manner, at least with respect to the machine rotation axis, such that relative rotations between the pawl and the housing about the machine rotation axis are prevented. The locked position is a first position or is also referred to as the first position of the pawl, wherein the release position is a second position or is also referred to as the second position of the pawl. In the locked position, the pawl engages in the locking teeth, whereby the pawl interacts with the locking teeth in a positive-locking manner.As a result, the rotor is secured against rotation relative to the housing, in particular about the machine's axis of rotation, in particular in such a way that both rotation of the rotor in a first direction of rotation about the axis of rotation relative to the housing and rotation of the rotor in a second direction of rotation about the axis of rotation relative to the housing are prevented, thus in particular the rotor is connected to the housing in a rotationally fixed manner. The first direction of rotation and the second direction of rotation thus run in opposite directions about the axis of rotation, so that the second direction of rotation is opposite to the first direction of rotation. In the release position, the pawl does not engage the locking teeth.This means that in the release position, the pawl does not engage the locking teeth, whereby the pawl releases the rotor for rotation about the machine's axis of rotation relative to the housing, in particular such that in the release position of the pawl, the rotor can be rotated about the machine's axis of rotation relative to the housing in the first direction of rotation and / or in the second direction of rotation. The machine's axis of rotation is also simply referred to as the axis of rotation. Thus, in the locked position, the parking lock (parking lock device) is activated, i.e., engaged, and in the release position, the parking lock (parking lock device) is disengaged, i.e., deactivated.

[0010] For example, the rotor is or can be coupled to at least one vehicle wheel of a vehicle axle of the motor vehicle in a torque-transmitting manner, wherein it is conceivable that the rotor is or can be coupled to at least two vehicle wheels of the vehicle axle in a torque-transmitting manner. The vehicle wheels of the vehicle axle are ground contact elements by means of which the motor vehicle is or can be supported downwards on the ground in the vertical direction of the motor vehicle. If the motor vehicle is driven along the ground while the motor vehicle is supported downwards on the ground in the vertical direction of the motor vehicle via the ground contact elements, the ground contact elements roll, in particular directly, on the ground. The vehicle wheels are also referred to as wheels, and the vehicle axle is also referred to as axle.When reference is made above and below to the vehicle wheel, this means, unless otherwise stated, at least one vehicle wheel that is or can be connected to the rotor in a torque-transmitting manner. In the locked position, rotations of the vehicle wheel relative to the housing are prevented or can be prevented, so that in or by means of the locked position, i.e. when or because of the parking lock being engaged, undesired rolling away of the motor vehicle is prevented, which is particularly advantageous when the motor vehicle is parked, in particular, on an incline. In the release position, the vehicle wheel is rotatable relative to the housing, so that in the release position the motor vehicle can roll and so that in particular in the release position the rotor can drive the vehicle wheel and thus the motor vehicle.

[0011] In order to be able to realize the parking lock device, and thus the parking lock, in a particularly space-efficient and thus particularly advantageous manner, in particular to integrate it into the drive system, the invention provides that at least in the release position of the locking pawl, the locking teeth are arranged radially outside the, in particular the entire, locking pawl. This means that at least in the release position, the locking teeth are arranged further outwards than the, in particular the entire, locking pawl in the radial direction of the electric drive system and thus of the electric machine, the axial direction of which runs perpendicular to the radial direction and coincides with the machine's axis of rotation, so that, for example, the locking pawl can be moved outwards in the radial direction of the electric machine and thus of the electric drive system from the release position into the locking position.Conversely, the locking pawl, in particular the entire locking pawl, is arranged radially inside the locking teeth, at least in the release position, so that at least in the release position, the locking pawl, in particular the entire locking teeth, is arranged further inside in the radial direction of the electric machine and thus of the electric drive system than the locking teeth, in particular the entire locking teeth. Thus, the locking pawl is a radially inner locking pawl, which allows for a particularly space-efficient arrangement and thus implementation of the parking lock.

[0012] In order to be able to implement the parking lock device in a particularly space-saving manner, one embodiment of the invention provides that the locking pawl has an engagement region which, for example, has or forms at least one or exactly one engagement tooth, which engages with the locking toothing in the locked position and is thus arranged, for example, in the locked position, viewed outwards in the radial direction of the electric machine, at least partially at the same height as the locking toothing and, for example, optionally partially projects beyond the locking toothing in the radial direction of the electric machine. It is provided that in the release position, the entire locking pawl is arranged radially within the locking toothing, wherein in the locked position, with the exception of the engagement region, the entire locking pawl is arranged radially within the locking toothing.This allows the parking lock to be integrated into the drive system in a particularly space-efficient manner.

[0013] When reference is made above and below to the axial direction, this means, unless otherwise stated, the axial direction of the electrical machine and thus of the electrical drive system as a whole, whereas when reference is made above and below to the radial direction, this means, unless otherwise stated, the radial direction of the electrical machine and thus of the electrical drive system.

[0014] A further embodiment is characterized in that the locking pawl extends in an arc-shaped manner in the circumferential direction of the electric machine and thus of the drive system as a whole, at least or exclusively partially around the axis of rotation, whereby a particularly compact design of the parking lock device can be achieved.

[0015] In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the parking lock device comprises an actuator, which can be operated electrically, electromagnetically, hydraulically, or pneumatically, for example, by means of which the locking pawl can be moved at least from one of the positions to the other position, and, for example, from the other position to one position. This allows the locking pawl to be moved between the positions as needed and in a space-saving manner.

[0016] It has proven particularly advantageous if the actuator has a motor, which is designed, for example, as an electric motor. The actuator also has an actuating element which can be driven at least indirectly by means of the motor and is therefore movable in translation relative to the housing, in particular along a movement axis. The movement axis runs, for example, in a plane which is perpendicular or oblique to the machine axis of rotation, wherein it is particularly conceivable for the movement axis to run in the radial direction of the electric machine. In particular, the actuating element can be moved translationally, i.e. displaced, relative to the rotor and / or relative to the locking toothing and / or relative to the locking pawl, in particular along the movement axis, by driving the actuating element.The actuator also has at least one lever, also referred to as a shift lever, which is movably, in particular pivotably, coupled to the actuating element on the one hand and to the locking pawl on the other hand, so that by translational movement of the actuating element relative to the housing and in particular along the movement axis, the locking pawl can be moved from one position to the other via the lever by means of the actuating element, while moving the lever relative to the locking pawl and relative to the actuating element. This allows for a particularly space-saving movement of the locking pawl.

[0017] Teeth of the locking gear protrude from a base body, in particular the parking lock gear, in the axial direction of the electric machine, thereby ensuring a particularly space-saving design of the parking lock device. A further embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the electric machine is designed as a radial flux machine, which allows for a particularly compact design.

[0018] It has proven particularly advantageous if the rotor is designed as an external rotor, so that a particularly compact design can be achieved.

[0019] Finally, it has proven particularly advantageous if the rotor of the electric machine is a first rotor of the electric machine, which has a second rotor provided in addition to the first rotor and, in particular, permanently and non-rotatably connected to the first rotor. In this case, it is particularly conceivable for the locking pawl to be arranged between the motors, viewed in the axial direction of the electric machine.

[0020] In a further embodiment, it is possible for the aforementioned electrical machine to be a first electrical machine of the drive system, which, for example, has a second electrical machine provided in addition to the first electrical machine, which second electrical machine has, for example, a second stator and a second rotor. The second rotor can be driven by means of the second stator and can therefore be rotated about a second machine axis of rotation relative to the second stator. The electrical machines are preferably arranged coaxially to one another, so that the machine axes of rotation coincide. For example, the rotors can be rotated relative to one another, in particular, about the respective machine axis of rotation.In particular, it is conceivable that the locking pawl is arranged between the first rotor of the first electric machine and the second rotor of the second electric machine, viewed in the axial direction of the respective electric machine, so that a particularly space-saving integration of the parking lock device is possible. The previous and following statements regarding the first electric machine, the first stator, and the first rotor can also be readily applied to the second electric machine, the second stator, and the second rotor, and vice versa.

[0021] The parking lock device comprises, for example, a second locking toothing provided on the second rotor of the second electric machine and thus co-rotatable with the second rotor of the second electric machine, which is provided in addition to the first locking toothing. For example, the parking lock device comprises a second locking pawl provided as a first locking pawl in addition to the locking pawl, which is movable, in particular pivotable, relative to the rotors of the electric machines, relative to the locking toothings, and relative to the housing between a second locking position and a second release position.For example, the second pawl can be pivoted about a second pivot axis relative to the second locking position and relative to the second release position, wherein the second pivot axis is spaced from the first pivot axis and from the respective machine rotation axis, for example running parallel to the first pivot axis and in particular parallel to the respective machine rotation axis. The previous and following explanations regarding the first pawl can easily be transferred to the second pawl and vice versa. In the second locking position, the second pawl engages in the second locking toothing, whereby the second rotor of the second electrical machine is secured against rotation relative to the housing, in particular about the second machine rotation axis. In particular, in the second locking position, the second rotor of the second electrical machine and the second pawl are connected to the housing in a rotationally fixed manner.In the second release position, the second pawl no longer engages the second locking teeth, whereby the second pawl releases the second rotor of the second electric machine for rotation relative to the housing, in particular about the second machine rotation axis. For example, it is preferably provided that, at least in the second release position, the second locking teeth are arranged radially outside the second pawl. This allows the parking lock to be implemented in a particularly space-efficient manner.

[0022] A second aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle, also referred to simply as a vehicle, and preferably designed as a motor vehicle, in particular as a passenger car, which has an electric drive system according to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous embodiments of the first aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the second aspect of the invention, and vice versa.

[0023] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawings. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures, can be used not only in the respective specified combinations, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0024] The drawing shows:

[0025] Fig. 1 shows a partial schematic sectional view of an electric drive system for a motor vehicle;

[0026] Fig. 2 shows a further schematic sectional view of the drive system;

[0027] Fig. 3 shows a partial schematic perspective view of the drive system;

[0028] Fig. 4 shows a partial schematic and perspective exploded view of the drive system;

[0029] Fig. 5 shows a further schematic perspective view of the drive system;

[0030] Fig. 6 shows a further schematic perspective view of the drive system; and

[0031] Fig. 7 shows a further schematic perspective view of the drive system.

[0032] In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

[0033] Fig. 1 shows a detail in a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an electric drive system 10 for a motor vehicle, also simply referred to as a vehicle. The drive system 10 has a housing 12, a first electric machine 14 and a second electric machine 16 provided in addition to the first electric machine 14, wherein the respective electric machine 14, 16 is designed as a respective axial flux machine (AFM). The respective electric machine 14, 16 is at least partially arranged in the housing 12. The electric machine 14 has a first stator 18, which is connected, for example, to the housing 12 in a rotationally fixed manner. The first electric machine 14 has a first rotor 20, which can be driven by means of the stator 18 and is therefore rotatable relative to the stator 18 and relative to the housing 12 about a machine rotation axis, also simply referred to as the rotation axis.The second electric machine 16 has a second stator 22, which is, for example, rotationally connected to the housing 12. In addition, the second electric machine 16 has a second rotor 24, which can be driven by means of the stator 22 and is thus rotatable about the machine axis of rotation relative to the housing 12 and relative to the rotor 20. The electric machines 14 and 16 are arranged coaxially to one another, wherein, for example, the rotors 20 and 24 are rotatable relative to one another. Via their respective rotor 20, 24, the respective electric machine 14, 16 can provide a respective drive torque, by means of which, for example, at least one vehicle wheel of a vehicle axle of the motor vehicle can be driven, in particular purely electrically.For example, the electric machine 14 can drive a first vehicle wheel of the vehicle axle via its rotor 20, and for example, the electric machine 16 can drive a second vehicle wheel of the vehicle axle via its rotor 24, bypassing the first vehicle wheel, wherein, for example, the electric machine 14 can drive the first vehicle wheel via its rotor 20, bypassing the second vehicle wheel. The first vehicle wheel and the second vehicle wheel are collectively referred to as drive wheels and are vehicle wheels of the same vehicle axle, wherein the drive wheels are ground contact elements of the motor vehicle. For example, the rotor 20 is coupled, in particular permanently, to the first vehicle wheel in a torque-transmitting manner, or the rotor 20 can be coupled to the first vehicle wheel in a torque-transmitting manner.For example, the rotor 24 is coupled, in particular permanently, to the second vehicle wheel in a torque-transmitting manner, or the rotor 24 can be coupled to the second vehicle wheel in a torque-transmitting manner. It can be seen that the rotors 20 and 24 are at least partially arranged in the housing 12.

[0034] The drive system 10 has a parking lock device 26, also referred to as a parking lock. The parking lock device 26 has a first locking toothing 28 provided on the first rotor 20 and thus rotatable with the first rotor 20 about the machine rotation axis relative to the housing 12, which is formed, for example, by a first parking lock gear 30 of the parking lock device 26. Furthermore, the parking lock device 26 has a second locking toothing 32 provided on the second rotor 24 and thus rotatable with the second rotor 24 about the machine rotation axis relative to the housing 12, which is formed, for example, by a second parking lock gear 34.

[0035] Particularly clearly seen in conjunction with Figs. 2 to 7, the parking lock device 26 further comprises a first locking pawl 36 assigned to the first locking toothing 28 and a second locking pawl 38 assigned to the second locking toothing 32 and provided in addition to the first locking pawl 36. The locking pawl 36 is pivotable relative to the rotors 20 and 24, relative to the housing 12, and relative to the locking toothings 28 and 32 about a first pivot axis S1 between a first locking position and a first release position. The machine rotation axis can be seen in Fig. 2 and is designated by D, wherein the machine rotation axis D runs perpendicular to the image plane of Fig. 2. The second pawl 38 is pivotable about a second pivot axis S2 relative to the rotors 20 and 24, relative to the locking teeth 28 and 32 and relative to the housing 12 between a second locking position and a second release position.It can be seen that the pivot axes S1 and S2 are spaced apart from one another and run parallel to one another, wherein the pivot axes S1 and S2 are also each spaced apart from the machine rotation axis D (axis of rotation) and each run parallel to the machine rotation axis D. In particular, the respective pawl 36, 38 is held on the housing 12 so as to be pivotable about the respective pivot axis S1, S2 relative to the housing 12, in particular in such a way that relative rotations about the machine rotation axis between the housing 12 and the respective pawl 36, 38 are prevented. In the respective locking position, the respective locking pawl 36, 38 engages in the respectively associated locking toothing 28, 32, so that in the first locking position the locking pawl 36 engages in the associated locking toothing 28, and so that in the second locking position the second locking pawl 38 engages in the associated, second locking toothing 32.If the pawls 36 and 38 are in their locking positions, the rotors 20 and 24 are connected to the housing 12 in a rotationally fixed manner, so that the respective rotor 20, 24 can neither be rotated in a first direction of rotation running around the machine rotation axis D nor in a second direction of rotation running around the machine rotation axis D and opposite to the first direction of rotation relative to the housing 12, in particular by more than 90 degrees, in particular 30 degrees and most particularly 10 degrees. In the first locking position, the locking pawl 36 does not engage the locking teeth 32, and in the second locking position, the locking pawl 38 does not engage the locking teeth 28. In the first release position, the locking pawl 36 engages neither the locking teeth 28 nor the locking teeth 32, and in the second release position, the locking pawl 38 engages neither the locking teeth 28 nor the locking teeth 32.Thus, if the locking pawls 36 and 38 are in their release positions, the respective rotor 20, 24 can be rotated about the machine rotation axis D, at least in the first direction of rotation and preferably also in the second direction of rotation, preferably by more than 360 degrees and most preferably without limitation. Thus, in the locking positions of the locking pawls 36 and 38, the motor vehicle is secured against unwanted rolling away, and in the release positions of the locking pawls 36 and 38, the motor vehicle can roll and, in particular, be driven by the respective electric motor 14, 16.

[0036] In order to be able to realize the parking lock device 26 in a particularly space-saving manner, the locking toothing 28 is arranged radially outside the locking pawl 36, at least in the first release position, and the locking toothing 32 is arranged radially outside the locking pawl 38, at least in the second release position. It can be seen particularly well from Fig. 2 that, at least in the release positions of the locking pawls 36 and 38, the locking toothings 28 and 32 are arranged radially, i.e. in the radial direction of the respective electrical machine 14, 16, outside, i.e. further outwards than the locking pawls 36 and 38, which are thus radially inner locking pawls 36 and 38.Thus, the respective pawl 36, 38 can be moved outwards from its respective release position into its respective locking position in the radial direction of the respective electrical machine 14, 16, the axial direction of which runs perpendicular to the radial direction and coincides with the machine rotation axis D.

[0037] It can be seen particularly well from Fig. 2 and 6 that the respective pawl 36, 38 has a respective engagement region 40, 42 which engages in the respective locking toothing 28, 32 in the respective locking position, in particular in such a way that in the respective locking position of the respective pawl 36, 38, with respect to the entire respective pawl 36, 38, only the respective engagement region 40, 42 of the respective pawl 36, 38 engages in the respective associated locking toothing 28, 2.In this case, it is provided, for example, that in the respective release position of the respective locking pawl 36, 38, the entire respective locking pawl 36, 38 is arranged radially within the respectively associated locking toothing 28, 32, wherein, for example, in the respective locking position of the respective locking pawl 36, 38, with the exception of the respective engagement region 40, 42 of the respective locking pawl 36, 38, the entire respective locking pawl 36, 38 is arranged radially within the respective associated locking toothing 28, 32. It can be seen particularly clearly from Figs. 2, 6 and 7 that the respective locking pawl 36, 38 extends in an arc shape in the circumferential direction of the respective electrical machine 14, 16, running around the machine rotation axis D, at least partially around the machine rotation axis D. In Fig. 2, the said circumferential direction is illustrated by a double arrow 44.

[0038] The parking lock device 26 has an actuator 46, which is in particular common to the pawls 36 and 38, by means of which the respective pawl 36, 38 can be moved from the respective release position into the respective locking position and preferably also from the respective locking position into the respective release position. In particular, for example, the pawls 38 and 36 can be moved simultaneously from the release positions to the locking position and, for example, also from the locking positions to the release positions by means of the actuator 46. For this purpose, the actuator 46 has a motor 48, which is designed, for example, as an electric motor, and an actuating element 50, also referred to as the first actuating element, which can be moved translationally relative to the housing 12, in particular along a movement axis. The movement axis is designated 52 in Fig. 2 and runs in the case of the embodiment shown in Fig.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the actuating element 50 extends in a plane which runs perpendicular to the machine rotation axis D and thus perpendicular to the axial direction of the respective electrical machine 14, 16. The actuating element 50 can be driven at least indirectly by means of the motor 48 and can therefore be moved translationally relative to the housing 12 along the movement axis 52. The actuator 46 has a first lever 54 assigned to the locking pawl 36 and a second lever 56 assigned to the locking pawl 38. The motor 48 is a motor common to the locking pawls 36 and 38, by means of which the locking pawls 36 and 38 can be moved, in particular simultaneously, from the release positions into the locking positions and, for example, also from the locking positions into the release positions.In this case, the actuating element 50 is an actuating element common to the locking pawls 36 and 38, via which the locking pawls 36 and 38 can be moved by means of the motor 48, in particular simultaneously from the release positions into the locking positions and preferably also vice versa from the locking positions into the release positions.The lever 54 is movable, in particular pivotable, with the actuating element 50 and with the locking pawl 36, and the lever 56 is movable, in particular pivotable, with the locking pawl 38 and the actuating element 50, so that a translational movement of the actuating element 50 relative to the housing 12 and along the movement axis 52 moves the respective locking pawl 36, 38 via the respectively assigned lever 54, 56 from the respective release position into the respective locking position and preferably vice versa from the respective locking position into the respective release position, in this case pivotable, by moving the respective pawl 36, 38 via the respectively assigned lever 54, 56 relative to the respective locking pawl 36, 38 and relative to the actuating element 50. In Fig.In Figure 2, the first positions of the levers 54 and 56 are illustrated by solid lines, and the second positions of the levers 54 and 56 are illustrated by dashed lines. The levers 54 and 56 are in the first positions when the pawls 36 and 38 are in the locked positions, and the levers 54 and 56 are in the second positions when the pawls 36 and 38 are in their release positions, i.e., disengaged. In the locked positions, the pawls 36 and 38 are engaged.

[0039] In the embodiment shown in the figures, the respective lever 54, 56 is coupled to the respectively associated locking pawl 36, 38 via a respective, resilient and thus, for example, elastically deformable element 58, 60, which is designed, for example, as a spring, in particular as a solid body. If, for example, the actuating element 50 is moved by means of the motor 48 in order to engage the respective locking pawl 36, 38, thus moving it from the respective release state to the respective locking state, and if, for example, the respective locking pawl 36, 38 cannot be moved from its respective release position to its respective locking position, for example due to a so-called tooth-on-tooth position, then the respective element 58, 60 is elastically deformed, and the respective locking pawl 36, 38 remains, for example, in its respective release position.If, for example, the respective rotor 20, 24 and with it the respective associated locking teeth 28, 32 are rotated a short distance about the machine rotation axis D relative to the housing 12, which occurs, for example, when the motor vehicle rolls a short distance or the respective vehicle wheel is rotated a short distance, the tooth-on-tooth position is canceled and the initially elastically deformed element 58, 60 can at least partially relax and thereby move the respective pawl 36, 38 from its release position into its locking position. Because the element 58, 60 is elastically deformed during or as a result of the tooth-on-tooth position, the element 58, 60 provides a spring force by means of which the respective pawl 36, 38 can be engaged as a result of the tooth-on-tooth position being canceled, and thus can be moved from the respective release position into the respective locking position.The tooth-on-tooth position, for example, means that the respective.

[0040] Engagement area 40, 42, in particular at least one tooth of the respective engagement area 40, 42 in the radial direction of the respective electrical machine 14, 16 outwards is not in overlap with a corresponding tooth gap of the respective locking toothing 28, 32, but in overlap with a wall or a tooth of the respective locking toothing 28, 32, whereby the movement of the respective pawl 36, 38 from the respective release position into the respective locking position is prevented.

[0041] By or when the tooth-on-tooth position is canceled, the respective engagement area 40, 42 or its respective tooth comes into such an overlap with a respective tooth gap of the respective locking toothing 28, 32 that the respective engagement area 40, 42 or its respective tooth is overlapped in the radial outward direction by a corresponding tooth gap of the respective locking toothing 28, 32, so that the respective pawl 36, 38 can be moved into engagement with the respective locking toothing 28, 32.

[0042] The motor 48 is also referred to as a servomotor. For example, the motor 48 and the actuating element 50 are components of a spindle drive, also referred to as a spindle actuator, wherein, for example, the actuating element 50 is designed as a threaded spindle. It is particularly clearly visible from Fig. 3 that the housing 12 has, for example, a housing part 62 designed as an intermediate housing part, on which the locking pawls 36 and 38 are pivotably mounted.

[0043] Fig. 4 shows, by way of example, the rotor 200 with the locking toothing 28, which extends, for example, in the circumferential direction of the electric machine 14 and thus of the drive system 10 as a whole, completely circumferentially around the machine axis of rotation D and has teeth 64 and tooth gaps 68, which are arranged alternately one after the other and, in particular, are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the drive system 10. The movement or movability of the actuating element 50 along the movement axis 52 and the associated movements of the levers 54 and 56, which are designed, in particular, as pivoting movements, can be seen particularly well in Figs. 5 to 7. The housing part 62 has, for example, a guide 66, designed, in particular, as a guide sleeve, which is, for example, penetrated, in particular, completely by the actuating element 50. In Figs. 5 and 6, the locking pawls 36 and 38 are in the release positions.In Fig. 7, the pawls 36 and 38 are in their locking positions. In particular, it is conceivable that the respective elastically deformable and thus resilient element 58, 60 is made of rubber, i.e., in particular, of an elastomer. Furthermore, it is particularly clear from Fig. 1 that the pawls 36 and 38 are arranged between the rotors 20 and 24, and in particular between the parking lock gears 30 and 34, in the axial direction of the respective electric machine 14, 16, whose axial direction is illustrated by a double arrow 70 and coincides with the machine's rotational axis D. In addition, it is provided, for example, that respective teeth of the respective locking toothing 28, 32 protrude in the axial direction of the respective electrical machine 14, 16 from a respective base body G, in particular of the respective parking lock gear 30, 34, so that the respective teeth of the respective locking toothing 28, 32 are axially oriented.

[0044] List of reference symbols

[0045] 10 electric drive system

[0046] 12 housings

[0047] 14 first electric machine

[0048] 16 second electric machine

[0049] 18 first stator

[0050] 20 first rotor

[0051] 22 second stator

[0052] 24 second rotor

[0053] 26 Parking lock device

[0054] 28 first locking teeth

[0055] 30 first parking lock wheel

[0056] 32 second locking teeth

[0057] 34 second parking lock gear

[0058] 36 first pawl

[0059] 38 second pawl

[0060] 40 first intervention area

[0061] 42 second intervention area

[0062] 44 Double arrow

[0063] 46 Actuator

[0064] 48 Engine

[0065] 50 Actuator

[0066] 52 Movement axis

[0067] 54 first lever

[0068] 56 second lever

[0069] 58 elements

[0070] 60 elements

[0071] 62 Housing part

[0072] 64 tooth

[0073] 66 Guide

[0074] 68 tooth gap

[0075] 70 double arrow

[0076] D Machine rotation axis

[0077] G base body

[0078] S1 swivel axis

[0079] S2 swivel axis

Claims

Patent claims 1. An electric drive system (10) for a motor vehicle, comprising a housing (12), at least one electric machine (14) having at least one rotor (20) rotatable relative to the housing (12), and a parking lock device (26) having a locking toothing (28) provided on the rotor (20) and thereby rotatable with the rotor (20), and at least one pawl (36) movable relative to the rotor (20), the locking toothing (28) and the housing (12) between: - a locking position as the first position, in which the locking pawl (36) engages in the locking teeth (28), whereby the rotor (20) is secured against rotation relative to the housing (12); and - a release position as a second position, in which engagement of the locking pawl (36) in the locking toothing (28) is omitted, whereby the locking pawl (36) releases the rotor (20) for rotation relative to the housing (12); characterized in that at least in the release position, the locking toothing (28) is arranged further outward in the radial direction of the electric drive system (10) and thus of the electric machine (14) than the locking pawl (36), and that Teeth (64) of the locking toothing (28) protrude from a base body (G) in the axial direction of the electrical machine (14).

2. Electric drive system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking pawl (36) has an engagement region (40) which engages in the locking toothing (28) in the locking position, wherein: - in the release position, the entire locking pawl (36) is arranged radially inside the locking teeth (28); and - in the locking position, with the exception of the engagement area (40), the entire locking pawl (36) is arranged radially inside the locking teeth (28).

3. Electric drive system (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking pawl (36) extends in an arcuate manner, at least partially circumferentially, in the circumferential direction (44) of the electric machine (14).

4. Electric drive system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an actuator (46) by means of which the locking pawl (36) can be moved at least from one of the positions into the other position.

5. Electric drive system (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the actuator (46) comprises: - an engine (48); - at least one actuating element (50) which can be driven at least indirectly by means of the motor (48) and is thereby movable in translation relative to the housing (12); and - at least one lever (54) which is movably coupled to the actuating element (50) and to the locking pawl (36), such that by translational movement of the actuating element (50) relative to the housing (12), the locking pawl (36) can be moved from one position to the other position via the lever (54) while moving the lever (54) relative to the locking pawl (36) and the actuating element (50).

6. Electric drive system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric machine (14) is designed as an axial flux machine.

7. Electric drive system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor (20) is designed as an external rotor.

8. Electric drive system (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the electric machine (14) has a second rotor (24) provided in addition to the rotor (20) as the first rotor (20) and rotationally connected to the first rotor (20).

9. Motor vehicle with an electric drive system (10) according to one of the preceding claims.

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