Method of treating moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis
A compound targeting IRAK4 is administered to treat moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis, effectively inhibiting inflammation and cytokine TNF-α, addressing the limitations of existing treatments.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/100919
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-06-14
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-18
AI Technical Summary
Current treatments for moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis, particularly in patients with inadequate response to Methotrexate, are inadequate in effectively managing inflammation and joint damage.
Administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound targeting interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK), specifically IRAK4, to inhibit inflammation and cytokine TNF-α, using a compound of Formula 001 or its stereoisomers, racemates, tautomers, prodrugs, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
The compound demonstrates significant inhibitory effects on IRAK4 and TNF-α, showing promise in reducing inflammation and improving symptoms of moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis, as evidenced by animal studies and clinical trials.
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Abstract
Description
METHOD OF TREATING MODERATE TO SEVERE ACTIVE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITISCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority to International Patent Application No. PCT / CN2024 / 099395 filed on June 14, 2024, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.FIELD
[0002] The present invention relates to the field of medicinal chemistry, and in particular, to a method of treating moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis in certain patients.BACKGROUND
[0003] Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, systemic autoimmune disease prominently characterized by non-suppurative inflammation in joints and joint tissues. RA is mainly manifested by synovitis of joints, which eventually causes damage to various tissues (such as cartilage of joints, ligaments and tendons) and multiple organs. Studies have shown that a variety of immune cells participate and mediate the autoimmune inflammation in RA patients, including T / B lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and others. Meanwhile, many studies have demonstrated the connection between cytokines and RA, such as interleukins (IL-1 / IL-6 and the like) and TNF-α. There is a need to develop protein kinase and cytokine inhibitors to improve the therapeutic efficacy of the related diseases such as RA.SUMMARY
[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method of treating moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis in patients.
[0005] Provided herein is a method of treating moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis in a patient, comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula 001: or a stereoisomer, racemate, tautomer, isotopologue, prodrug, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and wherein the patient had inadequate response to Methotrexate.
[0006] The compound of the present invention is an interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) . Non-limiting examples of IRAK includes: IRAK1 (interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1) , IRAK2 (interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-2) , IRAK-M (interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-M) and IRAK4 (interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase -4) , or a combination thereof. The study found that the interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase IRAK (especially IRAK4) channel protein is associated with inflammation, cancer, sepsis, autoimmune diseases, metabolic disorders, genetic disorders, immunodeficiency disorders, and cell death diseases, destructive bone disorders, thrombin-induced platelet aggregation, liver disease and other diseases, and that IRAK (especially IRAK4) is a target for the treatment of these diseases. Preferably, the said inflammation includes (but is not limited to) : rheumatic and rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, conjunctivitis, osteoarthritis, chronic gouty arthritis, joint synovitis. The description on IRAK is provided in International Patent Application No. PCT / CN2019 / 128347, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
[0007] In one embodiment, the compound is a compound of Formula 001.
[0008] In one embodiment, patients described herein has been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis according to the 2010 classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and / or the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) .
[0009] In one embodiment, the patient has confirmed diagnosis of moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis defined as tender joint count (TJC) of at least 6 and swollen joint count (SJC) of at least 6 based on the joint count of 68 / 66.
[0010] In one embodiment, the patient has an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of greater than 28 mm / h, and / or a C-reactive protein (CRP) of greater than 10 mg / L.
[0011] In one embodiment, the patient has confirmed diagnosis of moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis defined as tender joint count (TJC) of at least 6 and swollen joint count (SJC) of at least 6 based on the joint count of 68 / 66; and wherein the patient has an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of greater than 28 mm / h, and / or a C-reactive protein (CRP) of greater than 10 mg / L. In another embodiment, joints that have undergone major surgical treatment or joints that have been intraarticularly injected with glucocorticoids or hyaluronic acid within 6 weeks prior to randomization are not counted in TJC and SJC.
[0012] In one embodiment, the patient has continuous use of Methotrexate (MTX) for at least 12 weeks and has used an oral stable dose of Methotrexate at about 7.5–20 mg / week for at least 4 weeks prior to a first administration of the compound. In one embodiment, the patient continues to use a stable dose of Methotrexate at about 7.5–20 mg / week during the present method of treatment with the compound. In one embodiment, a stable dose of Methotrexate at about 7.5–20 mg / week is administered simultaneously to the patient with the compound described herein.
[0013] In one embodiment, the patient described herein are not having or have not had inflammatory joint disease or autoimmune disease (e.g., gout, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, spondyloarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ulcerative colitis, mixed connective tissue disease, et al) other than rheumatoid arthritis and secondary syndrome associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
[0014] In one embodiment, the patient described herein has not previously received any of the following medication or treatment: a) Use of potent opioids within 4 weeks prior to administration of compound described herein. Non-limiting examples of the potent opiods include oxycodone, oxymorphone, fentanyl, levorphinol, buprenorphine, methadone, hydromorphone, and morphine; b) Use of any JAK inhibitors within 4 weeks prior to administration of the compound described herein; c) Use of any other disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or biological agents in addition to Methotrexate (MTX) prior to administration of the compound described herein, such as using antimalarial drugs (chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, et al) , sulfasalazine, penicillamine, oral gold preparations, cyclosporine, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, iguratimod and the like within 4 weeks prior to the administration of compound descried herein; use of botanical agents (including Chinese patent medicines and Chinese herbal medicines such as tripterygium wilfordii preparation, total glucosides of paeonia and sinomenine) within 4 weeks prior to administration of the compound described herein; use of leflunomide within 8 weeks prior to administration of the compound described herei; use of TNF-α inhibitors (fusion proteins) within 4 weeks prior to administration of the compound described herei; use of TNF-α inhibitors (monoclonal antibodies) or abatacept within 12 weeks, tocilizumab within 10 weeks, rituximab within 24 weeks, or other biological agents for less than 5 half-lives; d) Receiving or ready to receive intra-articular, intramuscular, intravenous, trigger point or tenderness point, intracapsular, or intrathecal glucocorticoid therapy within 4 weeks prior to administration of the compound described herein and during the study.
[0015] In one embodiment, patients described herein are not patients with inadequate response to JAK inhibitor treatment after more than 8 weeks of treatment.
[0016] In one embodiment, patients described herein are not patients with rheumatoid arthritis joint functional activity of grade IV or who need to stay in a wheelchair or bed.
[0017] In one embodiment, patients described herein do not have history of lymphoproliferative disease, or presence of various signs or symptoms suggestive of lymphoproliferative disease, including abnormal enlargement of lymph nodes or hepatosplenomegaly.
[0018] In one embodiment, the compound of Formula 001, or a stereoisomer, racemate, tautomer, isotopologue, prodrugs, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof is administered orally, parenterally, or by other routes of administration; preferably administered orally or parenterally. In a preferred embodiment, the compound of Formula 001, or a stereoisomer, racemate, tautomer, isotopologue, prodrugs, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof is administered orally.
[0019] In one embodiment, the compound is administered at a daily dose of about 40 mg. In one embodiment, the compound is administered at a daily dose of about 80 mg.
[0020] In one embodiment, the compound is administered once a day. In one embodiment, the compound is administered twice a day.
[0021] In one embodiment, the compound is administered for 12 consecutive weeks. In one embodiment, the compound is administered for 8 consecutive weeks. In one embodiment, the compound is administered for 4 consecutive weeks.
[0022] The International Patent Application No. PCT / CN2019 / 128347 describes studies showing that the compound of the present application can effectively inhibit interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (particularly, IRAK4) and cytokine TNF-α, and can be used in treatment of various diseases associated with interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (particularly, IRAK4) and cytokine TNF-α. Studies also suggest that the compound structures disclosed herein have good inhibitory effects on IRAK4, and have excellent selectivity against other kinases. In animal studies, the compound described herein demonstrated excellent exposure and retention time in animals, excellent inhibitory effects on cytokine TNF-α in LPS-induced human PBMC, and superior efficacy in an in vivo model of Balb / c female mice with LPS-induced TNF-α release. The above suggests that the compound of the present invention may have good therapeutic effect on moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments.
[0024] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available or prepared via methods described in the arts. Definitions
[0025] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the subject matter belongs.
[0026] It is to be understood that substituents and substituted forms of the compound of the present invention can be selected by one of ordinary skill in the art to provide chemically stable compounds that can be synthesized by techniques known in the art as well as the methods set forth hereinafter. If substituted with more than one substituent, it is to be understood that the multiple substituents may be on the same carbon atom or on different carbon atoms, so long as a stable structure can be obtained.
[0027] As used herein and unless otherwise specified, each chiral carbon atom (chiral center) in all compounds disclosed herein may optionally be in R configuration or S configuration, or a mixture of R configuration and S configuration.
[0028] As used herein, the terms “comprise” , “include” and “contain” are used interchangeably and encompass closed-ended definitions and those semi-closed or open-ended definitions. In other words, the said terms shall include also the terms “consist of” and “consist essentially of” .
[0029] It should be understood that for purpose of the present invention, the technical features specifically described above and below (such as the examples) can be combined with each other, thereby constituting a new or preferred technical solution, which needs not be specified one by one. Active Ingredients
[0030] The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to salts that are suitable for use as medicaments and formed by the compound disclosed herein and acids or bases. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts include inorganic and organic salts. One type of preferred salts are those formed by the compound of the present invention and acids. Suitable acids for forming salts include, but are not limited to: inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid; organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, picric acid, methanesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, and benzenesulfonic acid; and acidic amino acids such as aspartic acid and glutamic acid. Another sort of preferred salts are metal salts of the compound of the present disclosure and bases. Suitable bases for forming salts include, but are not limited to: inorganic bases such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and sodium phosphate; and organic bases such as ammonia, triethylamine and diethylamine.
[0031] The compound of Formula 001 of the present invention can be converted into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof by a conventional method. For example, a solution of an acid can be added to a solution of the compound, and after complete salt formation, the solvent is removed to give a salt of the compound of the present invention. Method of Treatment
[0032] Provided herein is a method of treating certain patients with rheumatoid arthritis using the compound described herein.
[0033] For the purpose of the present invention, the term “treatment” means any treatment of a disease in a mammal, including (without limitation to) : (a) inhibiting the disease, i.e., arresting or suppressing the development of clinical symptoms; and / or (b) relieving the disease, i.e., causing the regression of clinical symptoms, and / or (c) alleviating or abrogating a disease and / or its attendant symptoms. Administration Method
[0034] For the purpose of the present invention, the “therapeutically effective amount” refers to an amount that produces a function or activity to humans and / or animals and is acceptable to humans and / or animals. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the “therapeutically effective amount” may vary depending on the form of the pharmaceutical composition, the route of administration, the excipients used, the severity of the disease, and combination with other medications. EXAMPLES
[0035] It should be understood that the following examples are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention, and shall not be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0036] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available or prepared via the methods well known in the art. Preparation of the compound is described in Chinese Patent Application No. 202210179789.6, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Example 1. Preparation of the Compound 1. Synthesis of compound 3
[0037] To a solution of compound 1 (50 g) in dichloromethane (500 mL) was added DMAP (42.5 g) , compound 2 (63.4 g) , and triethylamine (63.9 g sequentially at 15℃, and the mixture was stirred at 25 ℃ for 18 hours. Dichloromethane (200 mL) was added to the reaction mixture, washed with water (300 mL*2) , and then washed with 1M dilute hydrochloric acid (300 mL*3) . The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain compound 3 (98 g, 99%yield) . 2. Synthesis of compound 4
[0038] 1M dilute hydrochloric acid (300 mL) was added to compound 3 (50 g) in tetrahydrofuran (300 mL) at 15℃, and the mixture was stirred at 25℃ for 20 hours, then cooled to 0℃, adjusted to a pH of about 9 using 1M sodium hydroxide solution. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL×3) . The resulting extract was washed with saturated sodium chloride solution (300mL) , dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was slurried with petroleum ether (150 mL) to give compound 4 (39 g, 91%yield) . 3. Synthesis of compounds 5 &6
[0039] A solution of compound 4 (34.5 g) in tetrahydrofuran (200 mL) was added dropwise to a solution of methylmagnesium bromide (85.8 mL) in tetrahydrofuran (500 mL) at -40℃, and the mixture was stirred at -40℃ for 4 hours. The reaction was quenched with ammonium chloride solution (100 mL) , and then extracted with ethyl acetate (500 mL×3) . The extract was washed with saturated brine (300 mL) , dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography column (petroleum ether: ethyl acetate=5: 1) to give compound 5 (4.3g, 10%yield) , compound 6 (7.0g, 17%yield) , and their mixture (12 g) .
[0040] Compound 5: 1H NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ7.79 (d, J=8.0Hz, 2H) , 7.32 (d, J=8.4Hz, 2H) , 4.52-4.41 (m, 1H) , 2.44 (s, 3H) , 1.95-1.80 (m, 2H) , 1.77-1.61 (m, 4H) , 1.46-1.35 (m, 2H) , 1.19 (s, 3H) .
[0041] Compound 6: 1H NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) : δ7.79 (d, J=8.4Hz, 2H) , 7.33 (d, J=8.0Hz, 2H) , 4.74-4.64 (m, 1H) , 2.44 (s, 3H) , 1.92-1.79 (m, 2H) , 1.77-1.62 (m, 4H) , 1.49-1.38 (m, 2H) , 1.23 (s, 3H) . 4. Synthesis of compound 8
[0042] To a solution of compound 7 (2.0 g) in concentrated sulfuric acid (12 mL, 98%) was added dropwise a mixed solution of nitric acid (1.6 mL, 70%) in concentrated sulfuric acid (1.6 mL, 98%) at minus 15℃. After the addition, the mixed system was stirred at -15℃ for 2 hours. Then, the reaction solution was slowly poured into ice water, stirred for 5 minutes, filtered with suction, and washed with water. The resulting solid was collected and dried under reduced pressure to obtain compound 8 (2.5 g, 97%yield) . 5. Synthesis of compound 9
[0043] To a solution of compound 8 (2.0g) in DMF (20mL) was added hydrazine hydrate (2.4 mL, 98%) at room temperature. After the addition, the mixture was heated to 120 ℃ and stirred for 16 hours, then cooled to room temperature and slowly poured into ice water under stirring. The mixture was filtered under vaccum to give a solid, which was washed with water, collected and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain compound 9 (1.3 g, 67%yield) . 6. Synthesis of compound 10
[0044] Compound 9 (12.4 g) and palladium on carbon (7 g, 10%) were sequentially added into 400 mL of ethyl acetate at 15 ℃. After the addition, the mixture was stirred for 18 hours under hydrogen atomosphere at 15℃. After the palladium carbon in the reaction mixture was filtered off, the filtrate was concentrated and evaporated to dryness to obtain compound 10 (10.4 g, 99%yield) . 7. Synthesis of compound 12
[0045] EDCI·HCl (2.6 g) was added to the Py solution (15 mL) of compound 10 (1.5 g) and compound 11 (1.4 g) at 25℃, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 25℃ for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated and evaporated to dryness, and the residue was slurried by MeOH / H2O (20 mL / 20 mL) to obtain compound 12 (1.3g, 48%yield) .
[0046] 8. Synthesis of Compound 001 [2- ( (2- (trans-4-hydroxy-cis-4-methylcyclohexyl) -6-methoxy-2H-indazol-5-yl) carbamoyl) -6-methylpyridine 1-oxide]
[0047] Cesium carbonate (985 mg) was added to a 5 mL DMF solution of compound 12 (300 mg) and compound 5 (344 mg) at 25℃, and the reaction solution was stirred at 90℃ for 16 hours. The reaction solution was added to 30 mL of water and extracted with ethyl acetate (10 mL*3) . The organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was passed through a preparative HPLC column (CH 3 CN: H 2 O (0.1%NH 4 HCO 3 ) =15 -45%, UV: 214nm, flow rate: 15ml / min) to obtain compound 001 (70mg, 17%yield) .
[0048] 1H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6) : δ14.16 (s, 1H) , 8.78 (s, 1H) , 8.34 (s, 1H) , 8.32-8.30 (m, 1H) , 7.77 (d, J=7.6Hz, 1H) , 7.58 (t, J=8.0Hz, 1H) , 7.13 (s, 1H) , 4.45 (s, 1H) , 4.43-4.40 (m, 1H) , 3.95 (s, 3H) , 2.53 (s, 3H) , 2.09-2.00 (m, 4H) , 1.68-1.58 (m, 4H) , 1.22 (s, 3H) . LCMS: Rt=3.646min, [M+H] +=411.1. Example 2 - Use of the compound described herein for treating moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis
[0049] Described herein is a randomized double-blind placebo and positive drug parallel controlled phase II clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Compound 001 in patients with moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis and inadequate response to Methotrexate.
[0050] The above table describes a specific example of the present invention. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above examples. The aforementioned examples and the descriptions in the specification are only for explanation of the present invention. Various changes and modification can be made to the present invention by one of ordinary skill in the art that do not depart from the present invention, and all these changes and modifications fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1.A method of treating moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis in a patient, comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula 001: or a stereoisomer, racemate, tautomer, isotopologue, prodrug, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and wherein the patient had inadequate response to Methotrexate.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the patient has confirmed diagnosis of moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis defined as tender joint count (TJC) of at least 6 and swollen joint count (SJC) of at least 6 based on the joint count of 68 / 66; and wherein the patient has an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of greater than 28 mm / h, and / or a C-reactive protein (CRP) of greater than 10 mg / L.3.The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the patient has had continuous use of Methotrexate (MTX) for at least 12 weeks and has used an oral stable dose of Methotrexate at about 7.5–20 mg / week for at least 4 weeks prior to a first administration of the compound.4.The method of claim 3, wherein the patient continues to use a stable dose of Methotrexate at about 7.5–20 mg / week during the method.5.The method of any one of claims 1–4, wherein the compound is administered orally.6.The method of any one of claims 1–5, wherein the compound is administered at a daily dose of about 40 mg or about 80 mg.7.The method of any one of claims 1–6, wherein the compound is administered once or twice a day.8.The method of any one of claims 1–7, wherein the compound is administered for 12 consecutive weeks.9.The method of any one of claims 1–8, wherein the compound is a compound of Formula 001.
Citation Information
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