Preparation method of fiber cross-linked aerogel composite material

Abstract

The invention discloses a fiber cross-linking aerogel composite material and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the technical field of aerogel composite materials. The fiber cross-linking aerogel composite material consists of fiber, polyurea and silicon dioxide. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving TEOS (Tetra Ethyl Ortho-Silicate), water and HCl in ethyl alcohol to prepare a solution A, and dissolving APTES (Amino Propyl Tri-Ethoxy-Silan) in the ethyl alcohol to prepare a solution B; (2) mixing the solution A with the solution B and subsequently mixing the solution A and the solution B with fiber, ageing after gelling, soaking and washing with ethyl alcohol after the ageing is completed, and then soaking and washing with acetone to obtain wet gel; (3) preparing a cross-linking solution, and soaking the wet gel in the cross-linking solution; (4) soaking and washing the wet gel obtained in the step (3) by using acetone; and (5) soaking and washing the wet gel by using normal hexane, and drying to obtain the fiber cross-linking aerogel composite material. According to the fiber cross-linking aerogel composite material, the property of the aerogel is improved by using two manners of cross-linking organic matters and reinforcing fiber; and the prepared fiber cross-linking aerogel composite material is good in mechanical property and good in heat preservation and heat insulation properties.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of airgel composite materials. Background technique

[0002] Airgel is a three-dimensional network structure whose skeleton is connected by small nanoscale particles, and the pores between the skeletons are also at nanoscale and filled with gas. It is precisely because of this microstructure of airgel that it has many excellent properties. Its density is the lightest known solid material up to 0.16g / L, and its specific surface area can reach up to 500m 2 / g, the porosity can reach up to 99.9%, and its thermal conductivity can be as low as . Aerogel has a unique microstructure, which makes it exhibit unique properties in thermal, acoustic, optical, mechanical and other aspects. These unique properties make it have good application prospects in heat insulation, sound insulation, hydrogen storage, catalysis and other fields. Pure SiO 2 The three-dimensional network structure of airgel has poor mechanical...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0027] A kind of preparation method of fiber cross-linked airgel composite material, concrete steps are as follows:

[0028] Fiber-crosslinked airgel composites were prepared with organic fiber mat as reinforcement.

[0029] Take TEOS, absolute ethanol, deionized water, and dilute hydrochloric acid (0.36% by mass fraction), and the volumes are 2.7mL, 12.4mL, 0.5mL, and 0.75mL respectively; mix the above solutions in proportion and then electromagnetically stir at room temperature for 20min to prepare A liquid;

[0030] Then mix 1.2mLAPTES with 12.4mL absolute ethanol to prepare liquid B;

[0031] Put the organic fiber felt into a suitable container, mix liquid A and liquid B and quickly pour it into the container. Aging in an oven at 60°C for 3 days, after aging, soak and wash with absolute ethanol, shake at a constant temperature of 50°C for 24 hours, change the liquid every 12 hours, soak and wash with acetone, shake at a constant temperature of 50°C for 36 hours, change t...

Embodiment 2

[0035]A kind of preparation method of fiber cross-linked airgel composite material, concrete steps are as follows:

[0036] Fiber-crosslinked airgel composites were prepared with glass fiber cloth as reinforcement.

[0037] Take TEOS, absolute ethanol, deionized water, and dilute hydrochloric acid (0.36% in mass fraction), and the volumes are 2.7mL, 12.4mL, 0.5mL, and 0.75mL, mix the above solutions in proportion, and then electromagnetically stir at room temperature for 20min to prepare A liquid;

[0038] Then mix 1.2mLAPTES with 12.4mL absolute ethanol to prepare liquid B;

[0039] Put the glass fiber cloth evenly in the container, keep the distance between layers at 1mm, mix the liquid A and liquid B and pour it into the container quickly, the amount of the mixed liquid is enough to completely soak the fiber cloth;

[0040] And vacuumize the container, after the gel is completed, place it in an oven at 60°C for aging for 3 days, soak and wash with absolute ethanol after a...

Embodiment 3

[0044] A kind of preparation method of fiber cross-linked airgel composite material, concrete steps are as follows:

[0045] Fiber-crosslinked airgel composites were prepared with chopped ceramic fibers as reinforcements.

[0046] Take TEOS, absolute ethanol, deionized water, dilute hydrochloric acid (mass fraction 0.36%), the volumes are 2.7mL, 12.4mL, 0.5mL and 0.75mL respectively; mix the above solutions in proportion and then electromagnetically stir at room temperature for 20min to prepare A liquid;

[0047] Then mix 1.2mLAPTES with 12.4mL absolute ethanol to prepare liquid B;

[0048] After mixing liquid A and liquid B, quickly add 0.1g chopped ceramic fiber to ultrasonically disperse for 2 minutes. After the gel is completed, place it in an oven at 60°C for aging for 3 days. hours, change the liquid every 12 hours; soak and wash with acetone, shake at a constant temperature of 50°C for 36 hours, change the liquid every 12 hours to obtain a wet gel;

[0049] Prepare a...

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of airgel composite materials. Background technique

[0002] Airgel is a three-dimensional network structure whose skeleton is connected by small nanoscale particles, and the pores between the skeletons are also at nanoscale and filled with gas. It is precisely because of this microstructure of airgel that it has many excellent properties. Its density is the lightest known solid material up to 0.16g / L, and its specific surface area can reach up to 500m 2 / g, the porosity can reach up to 99.9%, and its thermal conductivity can be as low as . Aerogel has a unique microstructure, which makes it exhibit unique properties in thermal, acoustic, optical, mechanical and other aspects. These unique properties make it have good application prospects in heat insulation, sound insulation, hydrogen storage, catalysis and other fields. Pure SiO 2 The three-dimensional network structure of airgel has poor mechanical...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0027] A kind of preparation method of fiber cross-linked airgel composite material, concrete steps are as follows:

[0028] Fiber-crosslinked airgel composites were prepared with organic fiber mat as reinforcement.

[0029] Take TEOS, absolute ethanol, deionized water, and dilute hydrochloric acid (0.36% by mass fraction), and the volumes are 2.7mL, 12.4mL, 0.5mL, and 0.75mL respectively; mix the above solutions in proportion and then electromagnetically stir at room temperature for 20min to prepare A liquid;

[0030] Then mix 1.2mLAPTES with 12.4mL absolute ethanol to prepare liquid B;

[0031] Put the organic fiber felt into a suitable container, mix liquid A and liquid B and quickly pour it into the container. Aging in an oven at 60°C for 3 days, after aging, soak and wash with absolute ethanol, shake at a constant temperature of 50°C for 24 hours, change the liquid every 12 hours, soak and wash with acetone, shake at a constant temperature of 50°C for 36 hours, change t...

Embodiment 2

[0035]A kind of preparation method of fiber cross-linked airgel composite material, concrete steps are as follows:

[0036] Fiber-crosslinked airgel composites were prepared with glass fiber cloth as reinforcement.

[0037] Take TEOS, absolute ethanol, deionized water, and dilute hydrochloric acid (0.36% in mass fraction), and the volumes are 2.7mL, 12.4mL, 0.5mL, and 0.75mL, mix the above solutions in proportion, and then electromagnetically stir at room temperature for 20min to prepare A liquid;

[0038] Then mix 1.2mLAPTES with 12.4mL absolute ethanol to prepare liquid B;

[0039] Put the glass fiber cloth evenly in the container, keep the distance between layers at 1mm, mix the liquid A and liquid B and pour it into the container quickly, the amount of the mixed liquid is enough to completely soak the fiber cloth;

[0040] And vacuumize the container, after the gel is completed, place it in an oven at 60°C for aging for 3 days, soak and wash with absolute ethanol after a...

Embodiment 3

[0044] A kind of preparation method of fiber cross-linked airgel composite material, concrete steps are as follows:

[0045] Fiber-crosslinked airgel composites were prepared with chopped ceramic fibers as reinforcements.

[0046] Take TEOS, absolute ethanol, deionized water, dilute hydrochloric acid (mass fraction 0.36%), the volumes are 2.7mL, 12.4mL, 0.5mL and 0.75mL respectively; mix the above solutions in proportion and then electromagnetically stir at room temperature for 20min to prepare A liquid;

[0047] Then mix 1.2mLAPTES with 12.4mL absolute ethanol to prepare liquid B;

[0048] After mixing liquid A and liquid B, quickly add 0.1g chopped ceramic fiber to ultrasonically disperse for 2 minutes. After the gel is completed, place it in an oven at 60°C for aging for 3 days. hours, change the liquid every 12 hours; soak and wash with acetone, shake at a constant temperature of 50°C for 36 hours, change the liquid every 12 hours to obtain a wet gel;

[0049] Prepare a...