A pyrometer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pyrometer, comprising a main body and an upper cover connected together, wherein the edges where the main body and the upper cover are in contact are provided with lugs for screws to pass through; an electrical rail is provided in the main body, and a conversion module and an expansion board are provided on the electrical rail; a positioning hole is provided at the bottom of the main body, and a light sensor and an optical lens assembly connected by screws are plugged into the positioning hole; an electronic antenna, a debugging port, a cable interface, a gas one-way valve and a battery compartment are provided in the circumferential direction of the outer periphery of the main body, and the cable interface and the battery compartment are threadedly connected to the main body, and a detachable battery is installed in the battery compartment; and a furnace cover is also provided at the lower part of the main body. The present invention is an online pyrometer, which adopts an integrated design, has the characteristics of convenient disassembly and maintenance, and is ready for use and easy to maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of temperature measurement, and in particular relates to a pyrometer. Background Art

[0002] The coke oven is the most complex furnace in the metallurgical industry. It consists of multiple carbonization chambers and combustion chambers arranged alternately.

[0003] After being preheated in the regenerator, the coal gas and air enter the combustion chamber for combustion. The heat generated by the combustion is transferred to the carbonization chamber through the furnace wall, and the coal undergoes high-temperature dry distillation in the carbonization chamber to form coke. The exhaust gas generated by the combustion is discharged after the waste heat is recovered in the regenerator, and the flow direction of the coal gas, air and exhaust gas is exchanged at regular intervals. The heating process of the coke oven is a thermal process that is intermittent in a single combustion chamber and continuous in the entire furnace and is disturbed by multiple factors. It is a typical large inertia, nonlinear, and time-varying complex system.

[0004] In order to realize the heating control of coke oven, that is, to adjust the heat supply in time according to the change of the temperature of the coke oven fire channel, and keep the furnace temperature basically stable under the influence of various interference factors, the monitoring of the fire channel temperature is a necessary means to realize the control. Usually, the fire channel temperature detection point is the surface temperature of the burner brick of the coke oven body. According to the size of the coke oven, the distance between the temperature measurement point and the temperature measuring device is within the range of 6-12 meters. The temperature measuring hole is far away from the burner brick, and the means of measuring the burner brick temperature can only be a non-contact temperature measuring device. At present, the industry generally adopts the method of handheld device temperature measurement, manual input control system, or split online continuous temperature measurement equipment temperature measurement automatic input control system to realize coke oven control. The former has the problems of large human factors, large errors, and high labor intensity, and the latter has the problems of high cost and difficult maintenance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a pyrometer which adopts an integrated design, has the advantages of easy disassembly and maintenance, ready for use after installation, low operating and maintenance costs, and reduced errors caused by human factors, thereby solving the problems in the original split design that the optical fiber part is easily damaged, visible light interference cannot be eliminated during measurement, and installation is inconvenient.

[0006] In order to solve the technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] A pyrometer comprises a main body and an upper cover connected together, wherein the edges where the main body and the upper cover contact each other are provided with lugs for screws to pass through;

[0008] An electrical rail is arranged in the main body, and a conversion module and an expansion board are arranged on the electrical rail;

[0009] The main body is provided with a positioning hole, and the optical sensor and the optical lens assembly connected by screws are inserted into the positioning hole;

[0010] An electronic antenna, a debugging port, a cable interface, a gas one-way valve and a battery compartment are arranged on the outer circumference of the main body. The electronic antenna, the debugging port, the cable interface and the battery compartment are threadedly connected to the main body, and a detachable battery is installed in the battery compartment;

[0011] The utility model also comprises a furnace cover at the lower part of the main body.

[0012] Preferably, a rotary valve is provided between the lower portion of the main body and the furnace cover.

[0013] Preferably, a heat insulating pad is provided at the contact portion between the main body and the furnace cover.

[0014] Preferably, an O-ring is provided between the main body and the upper cover.

[0015] Preferably, the conversion module and the expansion board are mounted on the electrical rail via elastic clips.

[0016] Preferably, the optical sensor and the optical lens assembly are inserted into the positioning hole and guided and positioned by a ball-bumping device.

[0017] Preferably, the conversion module is an electronic conversion device for converting the electrical signal output by the optical sensor 10 into a temperature signal.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0019] (1) The present invention adopts an integrated structural design, where the conversion module and the optical lens assembly are placed in the same housing, eliminating the need for optical fiber connection, thus saving costs;

[0020] (2) The present invention places the optical lens assembly inside the device, which can avoid interference from visible light, maintain the stability of the readings after photoelectric conversion, and improve data reliability;

[0021] (3) The present invention has a simple structure, is easy to operate, has a reasonable design, saves resources, and is environmentally friendly;

[0022] (4) The present invention adopts a modular design, and the optical lens assembly and the housing, and the conversion module and the electrical rail are connected by elastic clips. When replacing, the assembly and disassembly can be completed by plugging and unplugging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pyrometer of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the pyrometer of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic side view of the structure of the pyrometer of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the pyrometer of the present invention;

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 1- thermal insulation pad, 2- main body, 3- electrical rail, 4- O-ring, 5- upper cover, 6- gas one-way valve, 7- debugging port, 8- cable interface, 9- optical lens assembly, 10- light sensor, 11- conversion module, 12- expansion board, 13- battery, 14- battery compartment, 15- screw, 16- electronic antenna, 17- furnace cover, 18- rotary valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0030] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read them, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0031] At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" cited in this specification are only for the purpose of convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships should be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a pyrometer comprises a main body 2 and an upper cover 5 connected together, wherein the edges where the main body 2 and the upper cover 5 contact each other are provided with lugs for screws 15 to pass through, that is, the main body 2 and the upper cover 5 are connected by bolts;

[0034] An electrical rail 3 is provided in the main body 2, and a conversion module 11 and an expansion board 12 are provided on the electrical rail 3; the electrical rail 3 adopts a DN35 rail, and the use of a rail is a way to install industrial electrical components. Electrical components supporting this standard can be conveniently clamped on the rail without screws, and maintenance is also convenient. The expansion board 12 is reserved for the installation of various conversion modules. For example, when using a battery, a battery management module can also be installed on the expansion board 12.

[0035] The bottom of the main body 2 is provided with a positioning hole, and the light sensor 10 and the optical lens assembly 9 connected by screws are inserted into the positioning hole; the optical lens assembly 9 is composed of quartz glass and stainless steel, and has a certain high temperature resistance. In order to prevent smoke pollution from the vertical fire channel and avoid glass melting, an air guide is provided in front of the lens, and clean air or nitrogen is continuously introduced into the air guide to form a slight positive pressure relative to the vertical fire channel to prevent smoke from entering the optical system. The light sensor 10 is a temperature detection device that can receive the radiation energy of the target to be measured and convert the radiation energy into an electrical signal. The conversion module 11 converts the electrical signal into the required form of information output through a certain method to meet the requirements of information transmission, processing, storage, display, recording and control.

[0036] The outer circumference of the main body 2 is provided with an electronic antenna 16, a debugging port 7, a cable interface 8, a gas one-way valve 6 and a battery compartment 14. The electronic antenna 16, the debugging port 7, the gas one-way valve 6, the cable interface 8 and the battery compartment 14 are threadedly connected to the main body 2, and a removable battery 13 is installed in the battery compartment 14. The battery 13 can be replaced by unscrewing the battery compartment 14 alone without opening the upper cover 5. For scenarios where an external power supply is not required for the battery, the battery compartment 14 can be blocked with a plug;

[0037] The ports arranged on the periphery of the main body are used to connect external debuggers, communication cables, power cables, gas sources and other connectors. The installation direction can be flexibly selected according to actual conditions;

[0038] The debugging port 7 is used for connecting an external debugging device, and parameters can be set without opening the upper cover 5 .

[0039] The cable interface 8 is used to install the cables required for RS485 bus communication or 4-20mA two-wire communication, as well as the power cable.

[0040] The installation position hole of the electronic antenna 16 can be used for a thermometer with a wireless transmitting and receiving device installed inside, and can be blocked with a plug when not in use; the electronic antenna 16 is used for wireless signal transmission.

[0041] The gas one-way valve 6 is used to introduce instrument air or nitrogen into the main body 2, and then flow out through the front end of the optical lens assembly 9 into the fire channel, ensuring that the interior of the entire main body 2 is at a slightly positive pressure relative to the fire channel. When the internal airflow passes through the interior of the main body 2, it takes away heat to ensure the normal operation of electronic equipment such as the conversion module 11, while preventing unclean smoke and dust in the fire channel from entering the interior of the main body and contaminating the optical lens assembly 9.

[0042] The main body 2 also includes a furnace cover 17 at the bottom thereof; and the size of the connection portion between the bottom of the main body 2 and the furnace cover 17 is reduced, so that heat conduction can be reduced.

[0043] Furthermore, a rotary valve 18 is provided between the lower part of the main body 2 and the furnace cover 17; the rotary valve 18 is a mechanical device that changes the valve from an open position to a closed position by rotating a rotating component. When the optical lens assembly 9 is replaced, the rotary valve 18 can be rotated to isolate the vertical fire channel from the inside of the main body 2 to prevent the hot air in the furnace from spraying out from the temperature measuring hole and polluting the inner cavity. After the optical lens assembly 9 is installed, the valve body is rotated to connect it again. Other devices such as pull plates can also be used to achieve the same function.

[0044] Furthermore, a heat insulating pad 1 is provided at the contacting portion of the main body 2 and the furnace cover 17, which can block direct heat conduction between the high-temperature furnace cover 17 and the main body 2, thereby avoiding affecting the temperature measurement accuracy of the pyrometer.

[0045] Furthermore, an O-ring 4 is provided between the main body 2 and the upper cover 5. The O-ring 4 is a rubber sealing ring with a circular cross-section. Because its cross-section is O-shaped, it is called an O-type rubber sealing ring, also called an O-ring. The O-ring is suitable for sealing at a specified temperature, pressure, and in different liquid and gas media, in a static or moving state.

[0046] Furthermore, the conversion module 11 and the expansion board 12 are mounted on the electrical rail 3 by elastic buckles, and can be assembled and disassembled by plugging and unplugging when replaced.

[0047] Furthermore, the light sensor 10 and the optical lens assembly 9 are inserted into the positioning hole and guided and positioned by a ball-bumping device. The ball-bumping device is a mechanical device composed of a shell, a spring, a ball or a cylinder to achieve the positioning and locking of the light sensor 10 and the optical lens assembly 9. When replacing the assembly, you only need to unplug it.

[0048] Furthermore, the conversion module 11 is an electronic conversion device for converting voltage signals into digital quantities, and then obtaining temperature data through algorithms. The conversion module 11 is an electronic assembly including a communication circuit, a power supply circuit, a CPU circuit, a memory, an interface protection circuit, etc., and the CPU circuit stores dedicated software to process data.

[0049] The traditional online photoelectric pyrometer consists of three parts: optical lens assembly, optical fiber and photoelectric conversion device. Among them, the optical lens assembly is composed of quartz glass and stainless steel, which has the characteristics of high temperature resistance. In order to prevent smoke pollution from the vertical fire channel and avoid glass melting, an air guide is set in front of the lens. Clean air or nitrogen is continuously sent into the air guide to form a slight positive pressure relative to the vertical fire channel to prevent smoke from entering the optical system.

[0050] The optical fiber transmits the light signal collected by the optical lens assembly to the photoelectric conversion device. The optical fiber is protected by a metal hose and placed in the channel steel arranged along the loader rails. The channel steel is laid with insulation material to prevent direct burning by the flame.

[0051] The photoelectric conversion device converts the optical signal into a temperature signal and sends it to the control system.

[0052] The system transmits radiation to the instrument system through optical fiber. The instrument system can be installed in a low temperature environment. The optical system and optical fiber can withstand an ambient temperature of about 200 degrees, thus realizing online continuous measurement.

[0053] The main disadvantages of traditional online photoelectric pyrometers are as follows:

[0054] 1. Fiber Optic

[0055] The cost is high, and domestic products of high-temperature resistant optical fibers are not yet mature, while imported ones are expensive.

[0056] The manufacturing is complex, and the light in and out surfaces must be free of any pollution, and the plane accuracy must reach a certain level, otherwise the transmission attenuation rate will be inconsistent. However, the fiber length needs to be determined on site and then customized, and it must also be installed on site. The pollution problem cannot be solved, and the inconsistent fiber length and different turning radius cause the light attenuation coefficient to be uncertain, resulting in a decrease in the final accuracy.

[0057] Optical fiber is brittle and easy to break. According to the current installation and protection scheme, the normal working life is 2-3 years. Once damaged, only professionals can repair and replace it, and users cannot handle it by themselves.

[0058] 2. The measurement system cannot eliminate visible light interference

[0059] After photoelectric conversion, the readings fluctuate greatly (20-30 degrees), and stable output can only be obtained through data processing by software, and the data reliability is not high.

[0060] 3. Slow technology updates

[0061] The system uses a two-wire current method to transmit signals, which needs to be converted into digital quantities in the control room, making the system complex, requiring large investments and difficult maintenance.

[0062] 4. Inconvenient installation

[0063] The vertical fire channel temperature measuring port is located on the top of the furnace. The temperature of the furnace cover is about 300 degrees. The coal-adding truck is constantly moving, there is a lot of smoke and dust, and the temperature of the furnace top is very high (more than 70 degrees in summer). The available operating time is extremely short. It is extremely difficult to carry out optical fiber installation work that requires precise installation under such working conditions.

[0064] Compared with the above traditional online photoelectric pyrometers, the present invention adopts an integrated design, the conversion module 11 and the optical lens assembly 9 are placed in the same housing, no optical fiber connection is required, and the two functions of instrument air or nitrogen are fully utilized, namely, the purge function and the cooling function. In addition, the modular design, the optical lens assembly 9 and the main body 2, the conversion module 11 and the main body 2 are connected by elastic parts, and the disassembly and assembly can be completed by plugging and unplugging when replacing.

[0065] The main body 2 is designed with an air guide wall inside and a temperature difference power generation module installation position. After the airflow enters through the air pipe joint, it first blows through the power generation module to improve the temperature difference power generation conversion efficiency.

[0066] The outer surface is painted with heat-insulating paint to block solar radiation and high-temperature baking of the furnace surface, reduce the loss of purge cooling gas, and prevent immediate thermal damage to components in the event of accidental gas outage.

[0067] When in use, the fire channel temperature detection point is usually the surface temperature of the burner brick of the coke oven body. Depending on the size of the coke oven, the distance between the temperature measurement point and the temperature measuring device is within the range of 6-12 meters. The temperature measuring hole is far away from the burner brick, and a non-contact temperature measuring device is used to place the furnace cover 17 on the temperature measuring hole for temperature measurement.

[0068] The final temperature data can be transmitted to the control system using a variety of transmission methods:

[0069] 1. Adopt RS485 mainboard to realize RS485 interface and host computer communication, measure temperature, and upload data one by one. The matching PC user adjustment software can configure and calibrate the pyrometer and read the measured temperature value; the application number is 2017216960594, and the patent name "RS485 Photoelectric Pyrometer" discloses the corresponding technical solution.

[0070] 2. The mainboard adopts a 2-wire 4-20mA current loop interface and communicates with the host computer in the form of current. The current size corresponds to the temperature one by one. The host computer can convert the current signal into a temperature value through the card.

[0071] 3. Use wireless signal transmission motherboard, LORA spread spectrum transmission module with 433mHz carrier, or Zigbee module with 2.4gHz carrier to realize data transmission.

[0072] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0073] Objects with a certain temperature are constantly radiating energy to the surrounding space. The amount of radiation energy of an object is related to its surface temperature. By measuring the radiation energy of the object itself, its surface temperature can be accurately determined. This is the objective basis for radiation temperature measurement. The intensity distribution of the energy radiated by an object to the surrounding space is:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula: C——speed of light

[0076] h——Planck constant

[0077] k——Boltzmann constant

[0078] T - absolute temperature

[0079] λ——Light wavelength

[0080] ε——Blackness coefficient (emissivity)

[0081] The radiation of all real objects is related not only to the radiation wavelength and the temperature of the object, but also to factors such as the material type, surface state and environmental conditions of the object. This characteristic is generally described by emissivity. Emissivity indicates the degree of closeness between the thermal radiation of a real object and blackbody radiation, and its value range is [0, 1]. According to the radiation law, the radiation characteristics of the object can be calculated by obtaining the emissivity of the object material.

[0082] The present invention is an online pyrometer with an integrated design, and has the characteristics of convenient disassembly and maintenance, ready for use after installation, and low operation and maintenance cost.

[0083] The present invention provides an embodiment for a coke oven, and can be applied to other fields such as a roasting kiln, a calcining kiln, etc. to implement temperature measurement by replacing the furnace cover with other connectors.

[0084] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

[0085] Many other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the concept and scope of the present invention.It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A pyrometer, characterized in that: It comprises a main body (2) and an upper cover (5) connected together, wherein the edges where the main body (2) and the upper cover (5) are in contact are provided with lugs for screws (15) to pass through; An electrical rail (3) is arranged in the main body (2), and a conversion module (11) and an expansion board (12) are arranged on the electrical rail (3); A positioning hole is provided at the bottom of the main body (2), and the optical sensor (10) and the optical lens assembly (9) connected by screws are inserted into the positioning hole; An electronic antenna (16), a debugging port (7), a cable interface (8), a gas one-way valve (6) and a battery compartment (14) are arranged on the outer circumference of the main body (2); the electronic antenna (16), the debugging port (7), the cable interface (8) and the battery compartment (14) are threadedly connected to the main body (2), and a detachable battery (13) is installed in the battery compartment (14); It also includes a furnace cover (17) at the lower part of the main body (2); A rotary valve (18) is provided between the lower portion of the main body (2) and the furnace cover (17); The optical sensor (10) and the optical lens assembly (9) are inserted into the positioning hole and guided and positioned by a ball-bumping device; The gas one-way valve (6) is used to introduce instrument air or nitrogen into the main body (2), and then flow out through the front end of the optical lens assembly (9) into the fire channel, ensuring that the interior of the entire main body (2) is slightly positive pressure relative to the fire channel. When the internal airflow passes through the interior of the main body (2), it takes away heat to ensure the normal operation of the conversion module (11), while preventing unclean smoke and dust in the fire channel from entering the interior of the main body and contaminating the optical lens assembly (9); A heat insulation pad (1) is provided at the contact portion between the main body (2) and the furnace cover (17); An O-ring (4) is provided between the main body (2) and the upper cover (5); The conversion module (11) and the expansion board (12) are mounted on the electrical rail (3) via elastic buckles; The conversion module (11) is an electronic conversion device used to convert the electrical signal output by the optical sensor (10) into a temperature signal.

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