A high power pulse generator and a high power pulse power supply

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of high-power pulse technology, and specifically discloses a high-power pulse generator, a pulse power supply, and a method for generating high-power pulses. The pulse generator includes a main body composed of a multi-stage pulse module connected step by step, and the pulse module responds to a driving signal to generate an output waveform. The pulse module includes: an energy storage capacitor having a first end and a second end; a plurality of equipotential solid-state switches, the solid-state switch includes a driving end, a first power end and a second power end, and the second power end is connected to the second end of the energy storage capacitor; a first isolation device is connected in series between the first end of the energy storage capacitor and the first power end of the solid-state switch; a second isolation device is connected in series between the second end of the energy storage capacitor of the pulse module and the second power end of the solid-state switch of the adjacent pulse module. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that it can generate a high-power pulse output with high voltage, large current, fast edge, and wide pulse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of high-power pulse power supplies, and in particular to a high-power pulse generator, a high-power pulse power supply, and a method for generating high-power pulses. Background Art

[0002] High-power pulse power supplies are widely used in military industrial fields such as plasma technology, nuclear physics technology, high-power laser technology, high-energy particle acceleration technology and electromagnetic pulse technology.

[0003] In recent years, high-power pulse power supplies have gradually been used in civil fields such as sewage degradation and flue gas desulfurization and denitrification in the environmental protection field; human cell tissue treatment in the biomedical field; material surface modification in the field of materials and precision processing; and food preservation and sterilization in the food processing field.

[0004] Traditional high-power pulse power supplies are mainly based on gas switches to generate pulse outputs, and their repetitive operation frequency is low, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale industrial applications.

[0005] With the development of semiconductor switching devices, the series-parallel integrated circuit structure based on solid-state power switching devices has made great progress. Among them, the pulse voltage superimposer based on the solid-state Marx circuit and the pulse current source based on the solid-state LTD circuit represent the development direction of new solid-state high-voltage pulse voltage source and new solid-state high-voltage pulse current source.

[0006] Solid-state Marx pulse voltage adders are limited by the maximum current capacity of a single solid-state switch and cannot significantly increase their output current. Simply using solid-state Marx pulse voltage adders in parallel can easily lead to unbalanced current output by each pulse voltage adder, and local switch tubes are prone to overcurrent damage, which can lead to fires, explosions and other problems, posing a huge safety hazard.

[0007] The solid-state LTD pulse current source is limited by the core saturation problem and cannot output pulse waveforms with long pulse widths. In addition, since the solid-state LTD pulse current source directly uses a magnetic core for energy coupling at the power end of the power supply, its magnetic core loss is very serious and its energy efficiency is generally low. At the same time, an external reset circuit is required to avoid core saturation.

[0008] Therefore, in the field of high-power pulse power supplies, there is an urgent need for a high-power pulse power supply that can generate high voltage, large current, fast edge, and wide pulse to meet the growing demand for the use of high-power pulse power supplies in the above-mentioned fields. Summary of the invention

[0009] A brief summary of one or more aspects is given below to provide a basic understanding of these aspects. This summary is not an exhaustive overview of all conceived aspects, and is neither intended to identify the key or decisive elements of all aspects nor to define the scope of any or all aspects. Its only purpose is to give some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to a more detailed description that will be given later.

[0010] In order to cope with the ever-expanding demand for the use of high-power pulse power supplies in the above-mentioned fields, the present invention provides a high-power pulse generator capable of generating high voltage, large current, fast edges, and wide pulses, a high-power pulse power supply using the above-mentioned pulse generator, and a method for generating high-power pulses using the above-mentioned pulse generator.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, a high-power pulse generator is provided herein. The pulse generator may include:

[0012] The main body is composed of a multi-stage pulse module connected step by step, and the pulse module responds to the driving signal to generate an output waveform.

[0013] The above-mentioned pulse module includes:

[0014] An energy storage capacitor including a first terminal and a second terminal;

[0015] A plurality of solid-state switches of equal potential are turned on or off in response to the above-mentioned drive signal,

[0016] The solid-state switch comprises a driving end, a first power end and a second power end, wherein the second power end is connected to the second end of the energy storage capacitor;

[0017] A first isolation device is connected in series between the first end of the energy storage capacitor and the first power end of the solid-state switch;

[0018] The second isolation device is connected in series between the second end of the energy storage capacitor of the pulse module and the second power end of the solid-state switch of the adjacent pulse module.

[0019] Preferably, in the high-power pulse generator provided by the present invention, the pulse module may further include a plurality of equipotential pulse modules.

[0020] The pulse module may include the energy storage capacitor, the solid-state switch, the first isolation device and the second isolation device, and the second power end of the solid-state switch is connected to the second end of the energy storage capacitor.

[0021] Preferably, in the high-power pulse generator provided by the present invention, the pulse module can be further arranged in a radial shape, and the plurality of pulse modules can be evenly distributed around the axis on the pulse module.

[0022] The multi-stage pulse modules can be connected by fixing parts and arranged axially layer by layer to form the columnar main body.

[0023] Preferably, in the above-mentioned high-power pulse generator provided by the present invention, the above-mentioned pulse module can further include a plurality of separated pulse modules, and the corresponding pulse modules of the above-mentioned multi-stage pulse module can be respectively connected by the above-mentioned fixing parts, and arranged axially layer by layer to form a multi-path columnar pulse branch, and the above-mentioned multi-path pulse branches are evenly distributed around the axis to form the above-mentioned columnar main body.

[0024] Preferably, in the above-mentioned high-power pulse generator provided by the present invention, the high-voltage output terminal and the ground terminal of the above-mentioned pulse generator can be further arranged at the axis of the two ends of the above-mentioned columnar body respectively.

[0025] Preferably, in the above-mentioned high-power pulse generator provided by the present invention, the high-voltage output end of the above-mentioned pulse generator can be arranged at one end of the above-mentioned pulse module of the last stage of the above-mentioned main body; correspondingly, the above-mentioned grounding end can be arranged at one end of the above-mentioned pulse module of the first stage of the above-mentioned main body.

[0026] Optionally, in the above-mentioned high-power pulse generator provided by the present invention, the driving end of the above-mentioned pulse generator can be set as the driving end of the above-mentioned solid-state switch, and the driving end of the above-mentioned pulse generator can be set at the axis of each level of the above-mentioned pulse module.

[0027] Optionally, in the high-power pulse generator provided by the present invention, the pulse generator may also include a charging power supply, and the charging power supply is connected to the multi-stage pulse module.

[0028] Optionally, in the above-mentioned high-power pulse generator provided by the present invention, a common potential point may be provided on the power end of each of the above-mentioned solid-state switches;

[0029] A voltage grading ring may be provided on the outer edge of each level of the pulse module, and the voltage grading ring is electrically connected to the plurality of common potential points of the pulse module at that level.

[0030] Optionally, in the high-power pulse generator provided by the present invention, the high-voltage output end of the pulse generator may be provided with a sampling resistor for monitoring the output current of the pulse generator.

[0031] Optionally, in the above-mentioned high-power pulse generator provided by the present invention, the above-mentioned output waveform may include a square wave, a step wave, a triangle wave, a trapezoidal wave or a sine wave.

[0032] According to another aspect of the present invention, a high-power pulse power supply using the above-mentioned pulse generator is also provided. The above-mentioned pulse power supply may include:

[0033] A driving circuit, used to generate the above-mentioned driving signal;

[0034] The pulse generator generates the output waveform in response to the drive signal; and

[0035] a transformer, isolating the driving circuit from the pulse generator and transmitting the driving signal to the pulse generator,

[0036] The transformer comprises a transformer primary and a transformer secondary. The transformer primary is wound around a transformer core and connected to the output end of the drive circuit; the transformer secondary is wound around the core and connected to the drive end of the pulse generator.

[0037] Preferably, in the above-mentioned high-power pulse power supply provided by the present invention, the above-mentioned transformer core can be further configured as a magnetic ring, the above-mentioned transformer primary side can be a driving line passing through the above-mentioned magnetic ring; the above-mentioned transformer secondary side can be a high-voltage line passing through the above-mentioned magnetic ring, wherein,

[0038] The axis of each pulse module can be provided with a magnetic ring arranged around the axis.

[0039] Optionally, in the high-power pulse power supply provided by the present invention, the transformer core may be in the form of a magnetic ring, the transformer primary may be a driving line passing through the magnetic ring, and the transformer secondary may be a high-voltage line passing through the magnetic ring, wherein:

[0040] A magnetic ring may be provided at the driving end of each solid-state switch, and a plurality of magnetic rings of each pulse module are evenly distributed around the axis of the pulse module.

[0041] Preferably, in the above-mentioned high-power pulse power supply provided by the present invention, all the above-mentioned pulse modules of the above-mentioned pulse power supply can be driven by one of the above-mentioned driving lines; or

[0042] All the pulse modules of each level of the pulse module can be driven by one driving signal; or

[0043] All the pulse modules of each pulse branch can be driven by one driving signal; or

[0044] Each of the pulse modules can be driven individually by one of the driving signals.

[0045] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for generating high-power pulses using the above-mentioned pulse generator is also provided. The above-mentioned method may include the steps of:

[0046] A driving signal is sent to the pulse generator, thereby generating the output waveform at the high voltage output end of the pulse generator.

[0047] Preferably, in the method for generating high-power pulses provided by the present invention, the method may further include the following steps:

[0048] All of the solid-state switches of the pulse generator are driven synchronously to generate the output waveform of high voltage and large current.

[0049] Optionally, the method for generating high-power pulses provided by the present invention may also include the steps of:

[0050] All the above-mentioned solid-state switches of each level of the above-mentioned pulse module are driven synchronously between layers, and the above-mentioned multi-level pulse module is driven according to a preset timing, so as to generate the above-mentioned large current output waveform of the corresponding voltage waveform.

[0051] Optionally, the method for generating high-power pulses provided by the present invention may also include the steps of:

[0052] All the solid-state switches of each pulse branch are synchronously driven between the paths, and the multiple pulse branches are driven according to a preset timing, thereby generating the high voltage output waveform of the corresponding current waveform.

[0053] Optionally, the method for generating high-power pulses provided by the present invention may also include the steps of:

[0054] Each of the above-mentioned solid-state switches is driven individually according to a preset timing, thereby generating the above-mentioned output waveform with a high-precision corresponding waveform.

[0055] According to the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0056] High voltage, based on the above solid-state switch rated voltage, the output voltage is multiplied;

[0057] High current: Based on the above solid-state switch rated current, the output current is increased exponentially;

[0058] Fast edge solves the problem of slow pulse edge caused by multi-stage and multi-way switch tubes connected in series and parallel;

[0059] Wide pulse, breaking through the pulse width limitation caused by core saturation;

[0060] High energy efficiency, reducing the low energy efficiency problem caused by core loss;

[0061] Arbitrary waveform, which can generate arbitrary waveform high voltage output waveform through pulse width modulation;

[0062] Reliability, effectively suppressing the problem of uneven current in each solid-state switch;

[0063] Safety, effectively preventing hidden dangers such as fire and explosion caused by local overcurrent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] The above features and advantages of the present invention can be better understood after reading the detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the following drawings. In the drawings, the components are not necessarily drawn to scale, and components with similar related properties or features may have the same or similar reference numerals.

[0065] Figure 1A A circuit diagram of a positive high-voltage high-power pulse generator provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 1B A circuit diagram of a negative high-voltage high-power pulse generator provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a pulse module provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 3A A schematic diagram of charging a positive high-voltage high-power pulse generator provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 3B A discharge schematic diagram of a positive high-voltage high-power pulse generator provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a primary pulse module provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 5A A schematic structural diagram of an integrated high-power pulse generator provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 5B A schematic diagram of the structure of a separate high-power pulse generator provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Fig. 6A A schematic diagram of the driving structure of a high-power pulse power supply provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 6B A schematic diagram of the driving structure of a high-power pulse power supply provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 6C A schematic diagram of the driving structure of a high-power pulse power supply provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0076] Fig. 7AA stepped output waveform of a high-power pulse generator provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] Figure 7B A stepped output waveform of a high-power pulse generator provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0078] Fig. 8A A current waveform diagram of four solid-state switches on a primary pulse module provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] Figure 8B A current waveform diagram of four solid-state switches on a primary pulse module provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0080] Reference numerals:

[0081] 1 Subject;

[0082] 2 Pulse modules;

[0083] 3 Pulse module;

[0084] 4 pulse branches;

[0085] 5. Fixing parts;

[0086] 6. Charging power supply;

[0087] 7 Load;

[0088] 8 Magnetic ring;

[0089] 9 drive lines;

[0090] 10. Pressure equalizing ring;

[0091] L current limiting inductor;

[0092] C11-Cnm energy storage capacitor;

[0093] c1: first terminal of energy storage capacitor;

[0094] c2: the second terminal of the energy storage capacitor;

[0095] S11-Snm solid-state switch;

[0096] s0 solid-state switch driving end;

[0097] s1 solid-state switch first power terminal;

[0098] s2 solid-state switch second power terminal;

[0099] D11-Dnm first isolation device;

[0100] d11-dnm second isolation device;

[0101] R11-Rnm current limiting resistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0102] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present invention will be introduced in conjunction with the preferred embodiment, this does not mean that the features of this invention are limited to this implementation. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the invention in conjunction with the implementation is to cover other options or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present invention. In order to provide a deep understanding of the present invention, the following description will include many specific details. The present invention can also be implemented without using these details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion or blurring the focus of the present invention, some specific details will be omitted in the description.

[0103] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0104] In addition, the terms “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “top” and “bottom” used in the following description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0105] Although the above methods are illustrated and described as a series of actions for simplicity of explanation, it should be understood and appreciated that these methods are not limited by the order of the actions, because according to one or more embodiments, some actions may occur in a different order and / or concurrently with other actions from those illustrated and described herein or not illustrated and described herein but understandable to those skilled in the art.

[0106] In order to cope with the ever-expanding demand for the use of high-power pulse power supplies in the above-mentioned fields, the present invention provides an embodiment of a high-power pulse generator capable of generating high voltage, large current, fast edges, and wide pulses, an embodiment of a high-power pulse power supply using the above-mentioned pulse generator, and an embodiment of a method for generating high-power pulses using the above-mentioned pulse generator.

[0107] like Figure 1A As shown, the pulse generator provided by the present invention may include:

[0108] The main body 1 is composed of a multi-stage pulse module 2 connected step by step. The pulse module 2 responds to the driving signal to generate an output waveform.

[0109] The pulse module 2 comprises:

[0110] The energy storage capacitor C is used to store electric energy and comprises a first terminal c1 and a second terminal c2;

[0111] A plurality of solid-state switches S with equal potential are turned on or off in response to the above-mentioned drive signal.

[0112] The solid-state switch S comprises a driving terminal s0, a first power terminal s1 and a second power terminal s2, wherein the second power terminal s2 is connected to the second terminal c2 of the energy storage capacitor C;

[0113] A first isolation device D is connected in series between the first terminal c1 of the energy storage capacitor C and the first power terminal s1 of the solid-state switch S;

[0114] The second isolation device d is connected in series between the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor C of the pulse module 2 and the second power end s2 of the solid-state switch S of the adjacent pulse module 2 .

[0115] In the pulse generator provided in this embodiment, the pulse module 2 may include a plurality of equipotential pulse modules 3, and the pulse module 3 may include the solid-state switch S, but does not include the energy storage capacitor C, the first isolation device D and the second isolation device d.

[0116] The above-mentioned equipotential can be achieved by connecting the above-mentioned multiple pulse modules 3 or solid-state switches S in parallel. The above-mentioned parallel connection is not limited to direct parallel connection, but can also be a generalized parallel connection, that is, a substantial electrical parallel connection relationship formed by circuit elements that do not affect circuit characteristics, such as forward-biased diodes, and / or inductors in DC circuits.

[0117] Optionally, the pulse module 3 may also include the solid-state switch S, the first isolation device D and the second isolation device d, but not the energy storage capacitor C, to ensure that the first isolation device D and the second isolation device d have sufficient current-carrying capacity when outputting a large current.

[0118] Correspondingly, in the above two technical solutions, each level of the pulse module 2 may be provided with a plurality of pulse modules 3 with equal potential, and one or more energy storage capacitors C independent of the pulse modules 3 .

[0119] Preferably, Figure 2 As shown, the pulse module 3 may also include the energy storage capacitor C, the solid-state switch S, the first isolation device D and the second isolation device d.

[0120] Accordingly, in the above preferred embodiment, each of the pulse modules 3 is provided with a corresponding energy storage capacitor C. When the pulse generator is discharged, the energy storage capacitor C of each of the pulse modules 3 is discharged through the corresponding solid-state switch S, thereby reducing the distributed inductance in the pulse module 2 exponentially, so as to speed up the edge of the output pulse and better achieve the effect of balancing the current between the multiple pulse modules 3.

[0121] In the pulse generator provided in this embodiment, the main body 1 may be composed of a multi-stage pulse module 2 connected step by step. When the pulse generator is discharged, the voltages on the pulse modules 2 connected step by step may be superimposed step by step, thereby outputting a high voltage pulse.

[0122] like Figure 1A As shown, the above-mentioned step-by-step connection can be:

[0123] The input end of the first-stage pulse module (the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor C11-C1m of the first-stage pulse module) is connected to the output end of the above-mentioned charging power supply 6 through the second isolation device d11-d1m of the first-stage pulse module; the first end c1 of the energy storage capacitor C11-C1m of the first-stage pulse module is grounded.

[0124] The input end of the second-stage pulse module (the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor C21-C2m of the second-stage pulse module) is connected to the input end of the above-mentioned first-stage pulse module through the second isolation device d21-d2m of the second-stage pulse module, and is connected to the above-mentioned charging power supply 6 through the above-mentioned first-stage pulse module; the first end c1 of the energy storage capacitor C21-C2m of the second-stage pulse module is connected to the output end of the first-stage pulse module (the first power end s1 of the solid-state switch S11-S1m of the first-stage pulse module).

[0125] By analogy, the input end of the final-stage pulse module (the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor Cn1-Cnm of the final-stage pulse module) is connected to the input end of the previous-stage pulse module through the second isolation device dn1-dnm of the final-stage pulse module, and is connected to the above-mentioned charging power supply 6 through the previous-stage pulse module; the first end c1 of the energy storage capacitor Cn1-Cnm of the final-stage pulse module is connected to the output end of the previous-stage pulse module; the output end of the final-stage pulse module is connected to the power end of the load 7.

[0126] The pulse module 2 uses the second terminal c2 of the energy storage capacitor C as an input terminal and the first power terminal s1 of the solid-state switch S as an output terminal. The pulse module 2 responds to the on and off of the solid-state switch S to generate high-voltage output or not generate high-voltage output.

[0127] The pulse generator uses the input end of the first-stage pulse module as the input end of the pulse generator, and uses the output end of the last-stage pulse module as the high-voltage output end of the pulse generator.

[0128] The load 7 may include various resistive, capacitive and / or inductive loads such as a plasma generator, a high-power laser generator, a high-energy particle accelerator, biological cell tissue, coating materials, and food to be sterilized.

[0129] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 1A The step-by-step connection method shown is only a specific implementation method for generating positive high voltage pulses. In other embodiments, other step-by-step connection methods can also be used to generate positive high voltage pulses; or Figure 1B The step-by-step connection method shown is used to generate negative high voltage pulses; or other step-by-step connection methods are used to generate negative high voltage pulses.

[0130] The charging power source 6 is connected to the plurality of pulse modules 2, and can directly charge the energy storage capacitors C of the plurality of pulse modules 2 simultaneously, and increase the potential difference between the first end c1 and the second end c2 of each energy storage capacitor C to the same level as its output voltage V D The charging power source 6 is preferably a positive or negative DC high voltage power source, and its output voltage V D It depends on the withstand voltage of the solid-state switch S mentioned above.

[0131] Those skilled in the art can understand that the DC charging power supply 6 is only a preferred solution of this embodiment, and the positive and negative polarity of the DC charging power supply 6 is not necessarily related to the positive and negative polarity of the waveform output by the pulse generator. In other embodiments, the charging power supply may not be provided on the pulse generator, but may be charged to the energy storage capacitor C through an external connection; the pulse generator may also use other unipolar non-DC charging power supplies to charge the energy storage capacitor C.

[0132] In the pulse generator provided in this embodiment, the solid-state switch S may include a metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), a bipolar junction transistor (BJT), and other semiconductor solid-state switches having the driving terminal s0, the first power terminal s1, and the second power terminal s2. Compared with a traditional gas switch, the solid-state switch S has a higher operating frequency, a faster turn-on and turn-off speed, and can generate a fast-edge high-voltage pulse output.

[0133] The driving end s0 of the solid-state switch S is used to receive the driving signal, and in response to the driving signal, controls the conduction or disconnection between the first power end s1 and the second power end s2 of the solid-state switch S. The voltage value of the driving signal depends on the specific model of the solid-state switch S, and can usually be a low voltage signal between 3V and 60V such as 5V and 12V. This method of driving the pulse generator with a low voltage signal to generate a high-voltage pulse output can effectively solve the problem of core saturation and core loss in the solid-state linear transformer drive source (LTD), thereby generating a high-voltage pulse output with a long pulse width.

[0134] The pulse generator may directly use the driving ends s0 of the multiple solid-state switches S as multiple driving ends to achieve an independent driving effect; or the driving ends s0 of the multiple solid-state switches S may be connected to one point as a driving end to achieve a synchronous driving effect.

[0135] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 1A As shown, the emitter of the solid-state switch S is the first power terminal s1, and the collector of the solid-state switch S is the second power terminal s2, which is only a specific solution of this embodiment. In other embodiments, the collector of the solid-state switch S can also be the first power terminal s1, and the emitter of the solid-state switch S can be the second power terminal s2; or the source of the field effect transistor S can be the first power terminal s1, and the drain of the field effect transistor S can be the second power terminal s2; or the drain of the field effect transistor S can be the first power terminal s1, and the source of the field effect transistor S can be the second power terminal s2.

[0136] In the pulse generator provided in this embodiment, the first isolation device D is connected in series between the first end c1 of the energy storage capacitor C and the first power end s1 of the solid-state switch S, that is, the first power end s1 is connected to the first end c1 of the energy storage capacitor C through the first isolation device D. The first isolation device D may include a diode and / or a current-limiting resistor R that are arranged in a direction. The arrangement direction of the diode is determined according to the current direction of the pulse generator during charging and discharging, and is used to block the instantaneous reverse potential difference generated when the pulse generator is discharged.

[0137] The second isolation device d is connected in series between the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor C of the pulse module 2 and the second power end s2 of the solid-state switch S of the previous stage, and may include a diode or a current-limiting inductor arranged in a direction. The arrangement direction of the diode is determined according to the current direction of the pulse generator during charging and discharging, and is used to block the instantaneous reverse potential difference generated when the pulse generator is discharged.

[0138] Those skilled in the art can understand that the second isolation device d is connected in series between the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor C of the pulse module 2 and the second power end s2 of the solid-state switch S of the previous stage, which is only a specific implementation of this embodiment. In other embodiments, according to different settings of the pulse module 3, the second isolation device d may also need to be connected in series between the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor C of the pulse module 2 and the second power end s2 of the solid-state switch S of the next stage. The specific serial connection position of the second isolation device d depends on the actual need to block the instantaneous reverse potential difference generated when the pulse generator discharges.

[0139] like Figure 3A As shown, in this embodiment, the pulse generator can directly use the driving end s0 of the solid-state switch S as the driving end of the pulse generator. When the pulse generator does not receive the driving signal, the solid-state switch S is turned off. The charging power supply 6, which is preferably a positive high-voltage DC power supply, can charge the energy storage capacitor C of the pulse modules 2 at each level through the second isolation device d. The second isolation device can be a diode d set in the forward direction. The first isolation device can be a diode D set in the reverse direction, and a current limiting resistor R connected in parallel with the diode D.

[0140] After charging is completed, the potential of the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor C of each pulse module 2 is equal to the voltage V of the DC charging power supply 6. D The first end c1 of the energy storage capacitor C of each stage of the pulse module 2 is grounded through the first isolation device D, and its potential is 0.

[0141] Those skilled in the art can understand that, since the charging power source 6 in this embodiment is a DC power source, the forward-set diode d can be equivalent to a short-circuit state during charging, and will not affect the charging power source 6 charging the energy storage capacitor C. The reverse-set diode D is reverse biased and cannot be turned on, and the c1 terminal of the energy storage capacitor C can be grounded through the current-limiting resistor R to form a complete charging circuit.

[0142] The pulse generator directly uses the driving end s0 of the solid-state switch S as the driving end of the pulse generator, which is only a specific implementation of this embodiment. In other embodiments, the driving signal may also be an optical driving signal, and the pulse generator may also be provided with a driving end corresponding to the optical driving signal. The driving end of the pulse generator may couple the optical driving signal to the driving end s0 of the solid-state switch S in the form of the low-voltage electrical signal through a signal conversion device, such as a photoresistor corresponding to the optical driving signal.

[0143] like Figure 3BAs shown, when the pulse generator receives the driving signal, the solid-state switch S is turned on. At the moment when the solid-state switch S is turned on, the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor C11-C1m of the first-stage pulse module is short-circuited with the first end c1 of the energy storage capacitor C21-C2m of the second-stage pulse module, and the potential of the first end c1 of the energy storage capacitor C21-C2m of the second-stage pulse module is raised to V D .

[0144] Since the potential difference between the two ends of the capacitor does not change at the moment when the solid-state switch S is turned on, the potential of the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor C21-C2m of the second-stage pulse module will be instantly raised to 2V. D ; By analogy, nV is finally obtained at the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor Cn1-Cnm of the final pulse module. D The potential is output to the load through the first power terminal s1 of the solid-state switches Sn1-Snm of the above-mentioned final-stage pulse module.

[0145] Since the output current is output to the load through m parallel pulse branches 4, and the output current flows through m parallel solid-state switches S in each level of the pulse module 2, the theoretical upper limit of the output current can reach m i 0 , among which, the above i 0 is the upper limit of the rated current of the solid-state switch S mentioned above.

[0146] Based on the above description, those skilled in the art can understand that the pulse generator provided in this embodiment can change the circuit topology of the pulse module 2 connected step by step by turning on and off the solid-state switch S according to the driving signal received by the driving end, thereby generating a positive high-voltage output waveform with high voltage, large current, fast edge and wide pulse.

[0147] Any level of the pulse module 2 can independently generate a corresponding output waveform at the high-voltage output end of the pulse generator. Any multiple levels of the pulse modules 2 can also be superimposed to generate a corresponding output waveform at the high-voltage output end of the pulse generator.

[0148] Any of the pulse modules 3 can independently generate a corresponding output waveform at the high-voltage output end of the pulse generator. Any plurality of the pulse modules 3 can also be superimposed to generate a corresponding output waveform at the high-voltage output end of the pulse generator.

[0149] The voltage amplitude of the above-mentioned high-voltage pulse mainly depends on the withstand voltage capability of the above-mentioned solid-state switch S and the number of levels of the above-mentioned pulse module 2 in the above-mentioned pulse generator. The withstand voltage capability of the existing solid-state switch S can reach the order of hundreds of volts (V) and kilovolts (kV). Accordingly, under the conditions of existing power devices and insulation technology, the above-mentioned pulse generator can generate high-voltage pulse waveforms ranging from hundreds of volts to hundreds of kilovolts. With the continuous advancement of power devices and insulation technology, the voltage of the pulse waveform that can be generated by the above-mentioned pulse generator provided by the present invention can also be further improved.

[0150] The current amplitude of the above-mentioned high-voltage pulse mainly depends on the current carrying capacity of the above-mentioned solid-state switch S and the number of the above-mentioned pulse modules 3 in the above-mentioned pulse module 2. The current carrying capacity of the existing solid-state switch S (such as IGBT) can reach the order of ten amperes (A) to the order of thousands of amperes. Correspondingly, under the technical conditions of existing power devices, the above-mentioned pulse generator can generate a high-voltage pulse waveform of tens of amperes to tens of thousands of amperes (kA). And with the continued advancement of power devices, the current of the pulse waveform that can be generated by the above-mentioned pulse generator provided by the present invention can also be further improved.

[0151] The pulse edge of the above-mentioned high-voltage pulse refers to the rising edge and falling edge of the above-mentioned pulse waveform, which mainly depends on the stray parameters of the above-mentioned pulse generator circuit, the opening and closing speed of the solid-state switch S, and the synchronization of the above-mentioned pulse modules 3. The opening and closing speed of the existing solid-state switch S (such as MOSFET) can reach the nanosecond (ns) level. Correspondingly, under the technical conditions of the existing power devices, the above-mentioned pulse generator can generate a high-voltage pulse waveform with a pulse edge of the nanosecond (ns) level. And with the continued advancement of power devices, the rising edge and falling edge of the pulse waveform that can be generated by the above-mentioned pulse generator provided by the present invention can also be further accelerated.

[0152] The pulse width of the high-voltage pulse mainly depends on the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor C and the specific conditions of the load 7. In this embodiment, the duty cycle of the high-voltage pulse generator output pulse can be higher than 90%. In other embodiments, those skilled in the art can also appropriately increase the capacitance C of the energy storage capacitor and / or the resistance (capacitance) of the load 7 while ensuring the pulse edge speed, so as to further increase the pulse width that the pulse generator can generate.

[0153] Those skilled in the art may also understand that the first isolation device D and the second isolation device d may be used to isolate the potential difference generated between the pulse modules 2 at each level to achieve the superposition of the voltages, thereby generating a high voltage pulse output. In the present embodiment, the first isolation device uses a diode D and a current limiting resistor R, and the diode d used in the second isolation device is only a specific implementation of the present embodiment. In other embodiments with the same topology, the first isolation device may also use only a current limiting resistor or a current limiting inductor, and the second isolation device may also use only a current limiting resistor or a current limiting inductor to achieve the same technical effect. In other embodiments with different topological structures, those skilled in the art may also simply adjust the position and setting direction of the first isolation device and the second isolation device according to the same principle to achieve the same technical effect.

[0154] Optional, such as Figure 1B As shown, in the pulse generator provided in one embodiment, a current-limiting inductor L may be connected in series between the input end of the main body 1 and the charging power source 6 .

[0155] Correspondingly, the above-mentioned step-by-step connection can also be:

[0156] The input end of the first-stage pulse module (the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor C11-Cm of the first-stage pulse module) is connected to the output end of the above-mentioned charging power supply 6 through the second isolation device d11-d1m of the first-stage pulse module and the above-mentioned current limiting inductor L; the output end of the first-stage pulse module (the first end c1 of the energy storage capacitor C11-C1m of the first-stage pulse module) is connected to the power end of the load 7.

[0157] The input end of the second-stage pulse module (the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor C21-C2m of the second-stage pulse module) is connected to the input end of the above-mentioned first-stage pulse module through the second isolation device d21-d2m of the second-stage pulse module, and is connected to the above-mentioned charging power supply 6 through the above-mentioned first-stage pulse module; the output end of the second-stage pulse module (the first end c1 of the energy storage capacitor C21-C2m of the second-stage pulse module 22) is connected to the first power end s1 of the solid-state switch S11-S1m of the first-stage pulse module.

[0158] By analogy, the input end of the final-stage pulse module (the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor Cn1-Cnm of the final-stage pulse module) is connected to the input end of the previous-stage pulse module through the second isolation device dn1-dnm of the final-stage pulse module, and is connected to the above-mentioned charging power supply 6 through the previous-stage pulse module; the output end of the final-stage pulse module (the first end c1 of the energy storage capacitor Cn1-Cnm of the final-stage pulse module) is connected to the first power end s1 of the solid-state switch of the previous-stage pulse module; the first power end s1 of the solid-state switch Sn1-Snm of the final-stage pulse module is grounded.

[0159] The pulse module 2 uses the second end c2 of the energy storage capacitor C as an input end and the first end c1 of the energy storage capacitor C as an output end. The pulse module 2 responds to the on and off of the solid-state switch S to generate a high-voltage output or not generate a high-voltage output.

[0160] The pulse generator uses the input end of the first-stage pulse module as the input end of the pulse generator, and uses the output end of the first-stage pulse module as the high-voltage output end of the pulse generator.

[0161] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that Figure 1A In the embodiment shown, the pulse module 2 generates a high current positive high voltage output. Figure 1B In other embodiments, the pulse module can also generate a negative high voltage output with a large current.

[0162] like Figure 1A and Figure 1B The step-by-step connection of the pulse generator shown above is only two specific implementations of this embodiment. In other embodiments, the pulse module 3 can also be arranged in the pulse module 2 in a rotational or mirror-symmetrical form, and by appropriately changing the positions of the first isolation device D and the second isolation device d, the voltage of each stage of the pulse module 2 is superimposed to output a high-voltage pulse; or the pulse module 3 that does not include the energy storage capacitor C and a plurality of energy storage capacitors C independent of the pulse module 3 are used to superimpose the voltage of each stage of the pulse module 2 and output a high-voltage pulse.

[0163] Preferably, Figure 4 As shown, in the pulse generator provided in one embodiment, the pulse module 2 can be further arranged to be radial, and the multiple pulse modules 3 can be evenly distributed on the pulse module 2 around the axis.

[0164] The radial shape refers to a shape that extends outward symmetrically around an axis. The radial shape may include various regular polygons such as a circle, an equilateral triangle, a square, a regular pentagon, and various shapes that are symmetrical about the axis. By setting the pulse module 2 to a radial shape, the distributed inductance in the pulse generator can be further reduced to achieve a better current sharing effect.

[0165] Those skilled in the art can understand that, in order to facilitate the arrangement of circuit elements and the assembly between the pulse modules 2, the radial shape can be a plane, that is, the symmetrically extending shape can be a two-dimensionally symmetrically extending shape. However, based on the same principle, a shape that extends outward in three dimensions symmetrically around an axis can also reduce the distributed inductance in the pulse generator, and therefore, should also fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0166] Those skilled in the art can also understand that one of the purposes of setting the pulse module 2 to be radial is to further reduce the distributed inductance in the pulse generator. Therefore, the radial shape is based on the circuit element part of the pulse module 2. By simply changing the shape of the bottom plate of the pulse module 2 so that the bottom plate of the pulse module 2 is not radial, without making substantial modifications to the circuit element part of the pulse module 2, the distributed inductance of the pulse generator will not be greatly affected. Therefore, the technical solution that the circuit element part of the pulse module 2 is radial, while the bottom plate of the pulse module 2 is not radial, should also fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0167] In the pulse generator provided in this embodiment, the above-mentioned distribution around the axis means that the above-mentioned pulse module 3 is distributed around the above-mentioned axis on the above-mentioned pulse module 2. In order to further reduce the distributed inductance of the above-mentioned pulse module 2, the driving end s0 of the solid-state switch S of the above-mentioned pulse module 3 can also be uniformly arranged toward the above-mentioned axis to simplify the circuit arrangement on the above-mentioned pulse module 2.

[0168] The above-mentioned uniformity may refer to that the spacing between any two adjacent pulse modules 3 is equal, or that the angle between any two adjacent pulse modules 3 is equal. It can be understood that the above-mentioned equality is not necessarily completely equal, but is roughly equal determined by the actual requirements of the above-mentioned pulse module 2 for distributed inductance. Those skilled in the art may also adjust the spacing and / or angle between the above-mentioned pulse modules 3 to make them slightly unequal, and barely achieve the current sharing effect with relatively poor performance. Therefore, the technical solution that the spacing and / or angle between the above-mentioned pulse modules 3 are roughly equal, which meets the actual requirements of the above-mentioned pulse module 2 for distributed inductance, should also fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0169] like Figure 5AAs shown, in the pulse generator provided in this embodiment, the multi-stage pulse modules 2 can be connected by fixing members 5 and arranged axially layer by layer to form the columnar main body 1. This structure of arranging multiple pulse modules 3 with the same potential in a layer of pulse modules 2 and arranging multi-stage pulse modules 2 with different potentials layer by layer is conducive to improving the insulation between circuit elements with different potentials in the pulse generator, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the pulse generator.

[0170] The fixing member 5 may be Figure 5A The multiple fixing members 5 shown may also be an integrated fixing member 5, which is used to fix the spacing and relative position relationship between the above-mentioned multi-stage pulse modules 2 to prevent the problem of spark short circuit between different-stage pulse modules 2 with different potentials.

[0171] The fixing member 5 can fix each pulse module 2 in bolts, buckles or other forms, so that the pulse modules 2 connected step by step are arranged axially layer by layer to form the columnar main body 1. The axial direction refers to the direction of the straight line formed by connecting the axes of the pulse modules 2 of each level. The columnar shape can be various polyhedral columns such as circular cylinders, triangular prisms, quadrangular prisms, pentagonal prisms, etc. corresponding to the radial shape, as well as various columns formed by stretching the above-mentioned centrally symmetrical shapes along the axial direction.

[0172] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 4 and Figure 5A The integrated pulse module 2 shown is only a specific implementation of this embodiment. In other embodiments, such as Figure 5B As shown, the pulse module 2 may also optionally include a plurality of separate pulse modules 3. The corresponding pulse modules 3 of the multi-stage pulse module 2 may be respectively connected by the fixing members 5, and arranged axially layer by layer to form a multi-path columnar pulse branch 4. The multi-path pulse branch 4 may be evenly distributed around the axis to form the columnar main body 1.

[0173] The above separation means that the multiple pulse modules 3 in the first-level pulse module 2 may not be arranged on the same base plate, but exist in an independent form and are evenly distributed around the axis of the first-level pulse module 2 to form the first-level pulse module 2.

[0174] The corresponding pulse module 3 may refer to Figure 1A and Figure 1B The multiple pulse modules 3 on any horizontal row shown in FIG. The multiple corresponding pulse modules 3 are connected step by step to form the pulse branch 4 to independently realize the voltage superposition of the multi-stage pulse modules 3, thereby outputting high-voltage pulses.

[0175] like Figure 5BAs shown, the multiple corresponding pulse modules 3 in the multi-channel pulse branch 4 can be connected by the fixing member 5, and arranged axially layer by layer to form a multi-channel columnar structure. The axial direction refers to the direction of the straight line formed by the axis connecting the multi-stage pulse module 2.

[0176] The above-mentioned multi-path pulse branches 4 can be evenly distributed around the axis to form the above-mentioned columnar main body 1, that is, the circuit element part of the above-mentioned pulse module 2 is radial, and the bottom plate of the above-mentioned pulse module 2 is not radial. A specific implementation scheme can also reduce the distributed inductance in the above-mentioned pulse generator to enhance the current equalization effect.

[0177] In the above-mentioned pulse generator provided in this embodiment, the high-voltage output terminal and the ground terminal of the pulse generator can be further preferably arranged at the axis at both ends of the above-mentioned columnar body 1 according to the specific circuit structure of the above-mentioned pulse generator, so as to realize the high-voltage coaxial output in the physical structure, reduce the stray inductance caused by the leads between the pulse generator and the load, and facilitate the realization of high-voltage fast pulse and large current output.

[0178] like Figure 1A As shown, the pulse generator uses the output end of its final pulse module as the high-voltage output end of the pulse generator to output positive high-voltage pulses; and the first-stage pulse module is grounded. Correspondingly, the high-voltage output end can be set at one end of the final pulse module of the main body 1; and the grounding end can be set at one end of the first-stage pulse module of the main body 1.

[0179] And as Figure 1B As shown, the pulse generator uses the output end of its first-stage pulse module as the high-voltage output end of the pulse generator to output negative high-voltage pulses; and the final-stage pulse module is grounded. Correspondingly, the high-voltage output end can be set at one end of the first-stage pulse module of the main body 1; and the grounding end can be set at one end of the final-stage pulse module of the main body 1.

[0180] By arranging the high-voltage output terminal and the ground terminal of the pulse generator close to the axis at both ends of the columnar body 1, the circuit structure in the pulse generator can be effectively simplified to further reduce the distributed inductance in the pulse generator and achieve a better current equalization effect.

[0181] For the sake of safety and ease of use, the axial arrangement direction of the pulse module 2 can also be preferably arranged up and down. By setting the high-voltage output terminal at the top of the pulse generator, the safety hazard of accidental touch can be effectively avoided. And setting the ground terminal at the bottom of the pulse generator can facilitate the grounding connection of the pulse generator and its chassis.

[0182] In the pulse generator provided in this embodiment, the high-voltage output end of the pulse generator may also be preferably provided with a sampling resistor for monitoring the output current of the pulse generator.

[0183] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the sampling resistor is only a specific implementation scheme for monitoring current. In other embodiments, other current monitoring schemes may also be used to monitor the output current of the pulse generator.

[0184] The high voltage output end of each of the pulse branches 4 may also be preferably provided with a sampling resistor for further monitoring the output current of each of the pulse branches 4 to monitor the current sharing effect of the pulse generator, thereby improving its safety and reliability.

[0185] In the above-mentioned pulse generator provided in this embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, a common potential point may be preferably provided on the first power terminal s1 of each solid-state switch S. A voltage grading ring 10 may be preferably provided on the outer edge of each pulse module 2, and the voltage grading ring 10 is electrically connected to the multiple common potential points of the pulse module 2 of that stage.

[0186] like Figure 3A and Figure 3B As shown, in theory, during the charging and discharging process of the energy storage capacitor C of the pulse generator, the potentials of the common potential points are the same, and no current should flow through the voltage grading ring 10. However, during the actual operation of the pulse generator, there is a distributed inductance in the pulse generator, and there are slight differences in static and dynamic parameters between the electrical components of the pulse modules 3. There are slight differences in the voltage amplitude and output voltage speed of the corresponding pulse module 3 of each level of the pulse module 2.

[0187] By providing the voltage grading ring 10 to electrically connect the plurality of common potential points of each pulse module 2, each pulse module 3 on the pulse module 2 of this level can have exactly the same output, so as to avoid the gradual superposition and expansion of the above-mentioned subtle differences, thereby further improving the current balancing effect between the above-mentioned pulse branches 4. The above-mentioned electrical connection means that the current can flow between the above-mentioned common potential points through the voltage grading ring 10.

[0188] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that disposing the voltage equalizing ring 10 on the outer edge of the pulse module 2 can facilitate connection to the common potential point.

[0189] The above-mentioned current balancing ring 10 also has the effect of protecting the above-mentioned pulse generator. During the operation of the above-mentioned pulse generator, even if a pulse module 3 in the above-mentioned pulse generator fails, if the current margin of the electrical components of other pulse modules 3 is sufficient, other pulse modules 3 on the same-level pulse module 2 can share the current load of the pulse module 3 through the above-mentioned current balancing ring 10 to ensure that the above-mentioned pulse generator continues to work normally and stably.

[0190] Setting the common potential point on the first power terminal s1 of each solid-state switch S is only a specific implementation of this embodiment. In other embodiments, the common potential point may also be set on the second power terminal s2 of each solid-state switch S; or preferably set on a power terminal with a lower absolute value of potential to reduce the insulation requirements of the grading ring 10. The power terminal with a lower absolute value of potential refers to a power terminal with a potential closer to zero.

[0191] In the pulse generator provided in this embodiment, the pulse module 2 can generate different output waveforms in response to different driving signals. Therefore, the output waveform is not limited to square waves and pulse square waves, but can further include various continuous high-voltage waveforms or high-voltage pulse waveforms such as step waves, triangle waves, trapezoidal waves or sine waves.

[0192] According to another aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of a high-power pulse power supply using the above-mentioned pulse generator is also provided herein. The above-mentioned pulse power supply may include:

[0193] A driving circuit, used to generate the above-mentioned driving signal;

[0194] The pulse generator generates the output waveform in response to the drive signal; and

[0195] a transformer, isolating the driving circuit from the pulse generator and transmitting the driving signal to the pulse generator,

[0196] The transformer comprises a transformer primary and a transformer secondary. The transformer primary is wound around a transformer core and connected to the output end of the drive circuit; the transformer secondary is wound around the core and connected to the drive end of the pulse generator.

[0197] In the pulse power supply provided in this embodiment, the primary side of the transformer is connected to the output end of the drive circuit, the secondary side of the transformer is connected to the drive end of the pulse generator, and the drive circuit and the pulse generator are isolated by the transformer core. The drive signal can be further limited to the low voltage electrical signal.

[0198] When the low voltage driving signal generated by the driving circuit flows from the output end of the driving circuit through the primary side of the transformer, a response signal with a corresponding amplitude is also generated on the secondary side of the transformer, thereby achieving the effect of transmitting the driving signal. The voltage amplitude of the response signal is: the voltage amplitude of the low voltage driving signal multiplied by the product of the coil turns ratio of the secondary side to the primary side.

[0199] In order to further reduce the distributed inductance in the above-mentioned pulse power supply, the above-mentioned transformer core can be further preferably set to the form of a magnetic ring 8, the primary side of the above-mentioned transformer can be a driving line 9 passing through the above-mentioned magnetic ring 8; the secondary side of the above-mentioned transformer can be a high-voltage line passing through the above-mentioned magnetic ring 8.

[0200] The driving line 9 may be a coaxial high-voltage driving line with a shielding layer, and the shielding layer may protect the driving signal from being interfered by an external high-intensity electric field, thereby ensuring that the driving signal received by each pulse module 3 has better synchronization.

[0201] Both the primary side of the transformer and the secondary side of the transformer may use high-voltage wires with strong insulation, thereby better ensuring that the drive circuit and the drive end s0 of the solid-state switch S will not be damaged by the high voltage at the power end of the pulse power supply.

[0202] In such Fig. 6A In the driving structure of the pulse power supply shown, the magnetic ring 8 can be a magnetic ring 8 arranged around the axis of each level of the pulse module 2. The above-mentioned axis arrangement means that the axis of the magnetic ring 9 coincides with the axis of the pulse module 2, and the axial direction of the magnetic ring 9 also coincides with the axial direction of the pulse module 2.

[0203] Corresponding to the structure and arrangement of the magnetic ring 8, all of the pulse modules 3 of the pulse power supply can be driven by one driving signal.

[0204] It can be understood that, in this embodiment, the one driving signal may be a driving signal on one driving line 9. In other embodiments, the one driving signal may also be a synchronous driving signal on multiple driving lines 9.

[0205] The driving line 9 can pass through the axis of all the magnetic rings 8, one end of the driving line 9 is connected to the output end of the driving circuit, and the other end is grounded to form the primary side of the transformer. A high-voltage line is led out from the driving end s0 of the solid-state switch S of each pulse module 3, which is wound around the magnetic ring 8, and the other end of the high-voltage line is grounded to form the secondary side of the transformer. There can be multiple secondary sides of the transformer.

[0206] In response to the driving signal of the primary side of the transformer, each of the plurality of secondary sides of the transformer may generate a response signal of a corresponding amplitude, and the amplitude of the response signal should be able to efficiently drive the solid-state switch to turn on.

[0207] This driving structure that uses a large magnetic ring 8 and a driving line 9 to synchronously drive all the above-mentioned pulse modules 3 has the advantages of simple structure, small distributed inductance, good synchronization, and small driving current, and can generate faster pulse edges.

[0208] Optional, in Figure 6B and 6C In the driving structure of the pulse power supply shown, the magnetic ring 8 can also be a plurality of magnetic rings 8 uniformly distributed around the axis on each pulse module 2. The distribution around the axis means that the plurality of magnetic rings 8 on each pulse module 2 surround the axis of the pulse module 2 of that level and are uniformly distributed on the pulse module 2 of that level. Each pulse module 3 corresponds to one magnetic ring 8.

[0209] The above-mentioned multiple magnetic rings 8 can be as follows Figure 6B As shown, it is arranged in parallel on the above-mentioned pulse module 2, and can also be arranged as Figure 6C As shown, it is vertically arranged on the above-mentioned pulse module 2.

[0210] Corresponding to Figure 6B or Figure 6C According to the structure and arrangement of the magnetic ring 8 shown above, each of the pulse modules 3 can be driven individually by one of the driving signals.

[0211] The plurality of driving wires 9 can pass through the axis of each magnetic ring 8, one end of the driving wire 9 is connected to the output end of the driving circuit, and the other end is grounded to form the primary side of the transformer. A high-voltage wire is led out from the driving end s0 of the solid-state switch S of each pulse module 3, wound around the corresponding magnetic ring 8, and the other end of the high-voltage wire is grounded to form the secondary side of the transformer.

[0212] In response to the driving signal of the primary side of the transformer, the secondary sides of the transformers of the plurality of magnetic rings 8 can each generate a response signal of a corresponding amplitude, and the amplitude of the response signal should be able to efficiently drive the solid-state switch S to turn on.

[0213] This driving structure in which each of the above-mentioned pulse modules 3 is driven individually by a small magnetic ring 8 and multiple driving wires 9 has the advantages of light weight of the magnetic ring 8 and flexible driving, can reduce the weight of the magnetic ring 8, and generate high-voltage outputs of various waveforms.

[0214] Optional, corresponding to Figure 6B According to the structure and arrangement of the magnetic ring 8 shown above, all the pulse modules 3 of each of the pulse branches 4 can be driven by one of the driving signals.

[0215] The plurality of driving wires 9 can respectively pass through the axis of all the magnetic rings 8 of each pulse branch 4, one end of the driving wire 9 is connected to the output end of the driving circuit, and the other end is grounded to form the primary side of the transformer. A high-voltage wire is led out from the driving end s0 of the solid-state switch S of each pulse module 3 on each pulse branch 4, and is wound around the corresponding magnetic ring 8, and the other end of the high-voltage wire is grounded to form the secondary side of the transformer.

[0216] In response to the driving signal of the primary side of the transformer, the secondary sides of the transformers of the plurality of magnetic rings 8 can each generate a response signal of a corresponding amplitude, and the amplitude of the response signal should be able to efficiently drive the solid-state switch S to turn on.

[0217] This driving structure, which uses a small magnetic ring 8 and multiple driving lines 9 to synchronously drive all the above-mentioned pulse modules 3 on each pulse branch 4, has the advantages of light weight of the magnetic ring 8, small distributed inductance, small driving current, and better voltage balancing effect. It can reduce the weight of the magnetic ring 8 and produce faster pulse edges.

[0218] Optional, corresponding to Figure 6B According to the structure and arrangement of the magnetic ring 8 shown above, all the pulse modules 3 of the pulse power supply can be driven by one driving signal.

[0219] The driving line 9 can also pass through the axis of all the magnetic rings 8 of each pulse branch 4 at the same time, one end of the driving line 9 is connected to the output end of the driving circuit, and the other end is grounded to form the primary side of the transformer. A high-voltage line is led out from the driving end s0 of the solid-state switch S of each pulse module 3, which is wound around the corresponding magnetic ring 8, and the other end of the high-voltage line is grounded to form the secondary side of the transformer.

[0220] In response to the driving signal of the primary side of the transformer, the secondary sides of the transformers of the plurality of magnetic rings 8 can each generate a response signal of a corresponding amplitude, and the amplitude of the response signal should be able to efficiently drive the solid-state switch to turn on.

[0221] This driving structure that uses a small magnetic ring 8 and a driving line 9 to synchronously drive all the above-mentioned pulse modules 3 of the above-mentioned pulse power supply has the advantages of light weight of the magnetic ring 8, good synchronization, and small driving current. It can reduce the weight of the magnetic ring 8 and generate faster pulse edges in the above-mentioned pulse power supply with fewer pulse branches 4.

[0222] Optional, corresponding to Figure 6C According to the structure and arrangement of the magnetic ring 8 shown above, all the pulse modules 3 of each level of the pulse module 2 can be driven by one driving signal.

[0223] The plurality of driving wires 9 can respectively pass through the axis of all the magnetic rings 8 of each level of the pulse module 2, one end of the driving wire 9 is connected to the output end of the driving circuit, and the other end is grounded to form the primary side of the transformer. A high-voltage wire is led out from the driving end s0 of the solid-state switch S of each pulse module 3 on each pulse module 2, wound around the corresponding magnetic ring 8, and the other end of the high-voltage wire is grounded to form the secondary side of the transformer.

[0224] In response to the driving signal of the primary side of the transformer, the secondary sides of the transformers of the plurality of magnetic rings 8 can each generate a response signal of a corresponding amplitude, and the amplitude of the response signal should be able to efficiently drive the solid-state switch to turn on.

[0225] This driving structure, which uses a small magnetic ring 8 and multiple driving lines 9 to synchronously drive all the above-mentioned pulse modules 3 on each level of pulse module 2, has the advantages of light weight of the magnetic ring 8, small distributed inductance, small driving current, and better current sharing effect. It can reduce the weight of the magnetic ring 8 and produce faster pulse edges.

[0226] According to another aspect of the present invention, this document also provides an embodiment of a method for generating high-power pulses using the above-mentioned pulse generator. The above-mentioned method may include the steps of:

[0227] A driving signal is sent to the pulse generator, thereby generating the output waveform at the high voltage output end of the pulse generator.

[0228] The above-mentioned driving signal can be one driving signal or multiple synchronous driving signals, so as to synchronously drive all the above-mentioned solid-state switches S of the above-mentioned pulse generator, so that all the above-mentioned solid-state switches S are synchronously turned on or off, thereby generating the above-mentioned output waveform of high voltage and large current at the above-mentioned high-voltage output end.

[0229] Optionally, the driving signal may be a plurality of asynchronous driving signals in a certain time sequence, so that a corresponding output waveform corresponding to the time sequence is generated at the high voltage output terminal. It is understandable that, corresponding to driving signals of different time sequences, the output waveform may be any of the above waveforms.

[0230] In such Fig. 7A In the embodiment shown, the multiple asynchronous driving signals can be a long pulse low voltage signal that rises at 0 ns and falls at 800 ns, and a short pulse low voltage signal that rises at 200 ns and falls at 500 ns. The two driving signals drive the two levels of the pulse modules 2 respectively, and each level of the pulse module 2 can respond to the driving signal to output an output waveform of 500 V voltage.

[0231] When the long pulse low voltage signal drives all the solid state switches S of the two-stage pulse modules 2 synchronously between layers, all the solid state switches S of the two-stage pulse modules 2 are synchronously turned on or off, thereby generating a 1000V high current output waveform at the high voltage output end. The inter-layer synchronous drive refers to a driving method of synchronously driving all the solid state switches S on the pulse modules 2 of the same level.

[0232] When the short pulse low-voltage signal layer synchronously drives all the solid-state switches S of the other two levels of pulse modules 2, all the solid-state switches S of the other two levels of pulse modules 2 are synchronously turned on or off, thereby further superimposing the 1000V high-current output waveform on the basis of the 1000V high-current output waveform, and generating a 2000V high-current output waveform at the high-voltage output end.

[0233] Based on the same principle, when the above short pulse low voltage signal ends, the high current output waveform of the above high voltage output end drops to 1000V; when the above long pulse low voltage signal ends, the output waveform of the above high voltage output end returns to zero.

[0234] It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the long pulse low voltage signal and the short pulse low voltage signal are used to synchronously drive the pulse generator between layers, but only to generate Fig. 7A In other embodiments, two low-voltage drive signals with a pulse width of 400ns can be used to synchronously drive the pulse generators in the form of overlapping timing to generate the following: Fig. 7A or use multiple short pulse low voltage drive signals to drive each solid-state switch S of the pulse generator separately, and then superimpose the above output waveforms to generate Fig. 7A The step wave shown.

[0235] like Fig. 7A The step wave shown is only a specific example of a step-shaped output waveform. In other embodiments, the step-shaped output waveform may also be as follows Figure 7B The waveform shown, or various other step waves.

[0236] In other embodiments, those skilled in the art may also adopt an inter-circuit synchronous driving method based on the same concept as the above-mentioned embodiment to synchronously drive all the above-mentioned solid-state switches S of one of the above-mentioned pulse branches 4. All the above-mentioned solid-state switches S of the pulse branch 4 are synchronously turned on or off, thereby generating a high-voltage output waveform at the above-mentioned high-voltage output end. The above-mentioned inter-circuit synchronous driving refers to a driving method of synchronously driving all the above-mentioned solid-state switches S on the same pulse branch 4. The above-mentioned high-voltage output waveform may refer to the output waveform of the rated maximum voltage of the above-mentioned pulse generator.

[0237] Those skilled in the art can also understand that the above-mentioned step wave is only a specific example of the above-mentioned output waveform. In other embodiments, the above-mentioned synchronous drive, the above-mentioned inter-layer synchronous drive, the above-mentioned inter-channel synchronous drive, and the above-mentioned single drive method can also generate various high-voltage waveforms such as the above-mentioned pulse square wave, triangle wave, trapezoidal wave or sine wave.

[0238] The output waveform generated by the above synchronous drive has the characteristics of the fastest pulse edge, the highest voltage and the largest current.

[0239] The output waveform generated by the above-mentioned inter-layer synchronous driving has a faster pulse edge and can generate an arbitrary voltage output waveform of a large current according to driving signals of different timings.

[0240] The output waveform generated by the above-mentioned inter-path synchronous driving has a faster pulse edge and can generate an arbitrary current output waveform with a high voltage according to driving signals with different timings.

[0241] The output waveform generated by the above-mentioned independent drive has arbitrary adjustability, and the voltage and current of the output waveform can be arbitrarily adjusted with high precision by adjusting the opening and closing timing of the above-mentioned solid-state switches S in the above-mentioned pulse generator.

[0242] In order to further illustrate that the present invention can achieve better current sharing effect in the above-mentioned multiple solid-state switches S, this article also provides an embodiment of using the above-mentioned driving method to drive a pulse generator with a 4-level pulse module and 4 pulse branches.

[0243] In this embodiment, the energy storage capacitor C of each level of the pulse module is charged to 230V, so that a high voltage output waveform of up to 920V can be obtained at the high voltage output end of the pulse generator, and a pulse current waveform of up to 209A can be obtained on a load of 4.4Ω (ohms).

[0244] like Fig. 8A The waveform shown is the current waveform on the four solid-state switches S on a certain level of the pulse module after the pulse generator is driven by the above-mentioned inter-circuit synchronous driving method. The average current peak value flowing through the four solid-state switches S is about 52A, and even the current waveform l4 with the largest instantaneous current has a current peak value of no more than 60A, which has a good current sharing effect.

[0245] like Figure 8B The waveform shown is the current waveform on the four solid-state switches S on a certain level of the pulse module after the pulse generator is driven by the inter-layer synchronous driving method. Since the four solid-state switches S are synchronously driven by a driving line, the current flowing through them is almost completely consistent, with an average current peak of 50A, which has a better current sharing effect.

[0246] In addition, this article also provides an embodiment of using the above-mentioned driving method to drive a pulse generator with a 20-level pulse module and 8 pulse branches.

[0247] In this embodiment, the energy storage capacitor C of each level of the pulse module is charged to 500V, so that a high voltage output waveform of up to 10kV is obtained at the high voltage output end of the pulse generator, and a pulse current waveform of up to 1kA is obtained on a load of 11Ω.

[0248] By using the sampling resistor, the current flowing through the 8 solid-state switches S on each pulse module is measured. Experimental data show that the difference in the peak current flowing through the 8 solid-state switches S on each pulse module is no more than 10% above or below the average value, that is, there is a good current balancing effect.

[0249] According to the above description, those skilled in the art can understand that the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0250] High voltage, based on the above solid-state switch rated voltage, the output voltage is increased exponentially;

[0251] High current: Based on the above solid-state switch rated current, the output current is increased exponentially;

[0252] Fast edge solves the problem of slow pulse edge caused by multi-stage and multi-way switch tubes connected in series and parallel;

[0253] Wide pulse, breaking through the pulse width limitation caused by core saturation;

[0254] High energy efficiency, reducing the low energy efficiency problem caused by core loss;

[0255] Arbitrary waveform, which can generate arbitrary waveform high voltage output waveform through pulse width modulation;

[0256] Reliability, effectively suppressing the problem of uneven current in each solid-state switch;

[0257] Safety, effectively preventing hidden dangers such as fire and explosion caused by local overcurrent.

[0258] The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high power pulse generator, characterized in that: include: The main body is composed of a multi-stage pulse module connected step by step, and the pulse module responds to the driving signal to generate an output waveform, The pulse module comprises: An energy storage capacitor including a first terminal and a second terminal; A plurality of solid-state switches of equal potential, responsive to the drive signal to be turned on or off, The solid-state switch comprises a driving end, a first power end and a second power end, wherein the second power end is connected to the second end of the energy storage capacitor; A first isolation device is connected in series between the first end of the energy storage capacitor and the first power end of the solid-state switch; A second isolation device is connected in series between the second end of the energy storage capacitor of the pulse module and the second power end of the solid-state switch of the adjacent pulse module; The pulse module includes a plurality of equipotential pulse modules. The pulse module includes the energy storage capacitor, the solid-state switch, the first isolation device and the second isolation device, and the second power end of the solid-state switch is connected to the second end of the energy storage capacitor; The pulse module is radial, and the plurality of pulse modules are evenly distributed around the axis on the pulse module. The multi-stage pulse modules are connected by fixing members and arranged axially layer by layer to form the columnar main body; The pulse module comprises a plurality of separate pulse modules, the corresponding pulse modules of the multi-stage pulse module are respectively connected by the fixing member, and are axially arranged layer by layer to form a multi-channel columnar pulse branch, and the multi-channel pulse branch is evenly distributed around the axis to form the columnar body; The high voltage output terminal and the ground terminal of the pulse generator are respectively arranged at the axis of the two ends of the columnar body.

2. The high power pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving end of the pulse generator is the driving end of the solid-state switch, and the driving end of the pulse generator is arranged at the axis of each level of the pulse module.

3. The high power pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage output end of the pulse generator is arranged at one end of the final-stage pulse module of the main body; the grounding end is arranged at one end of the first-stage pulse module of the main body.

4. The high power pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A common potential point is provided on the power end of each solid-state switch; A voltage equalizing ring is provided on the outer edge of each level of the pulse module, and the voltage equalizing ring is electrically connected to the multiple common potential points of the pulse module of this level.

5. The high power pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sampling resistor is provided at the high voltage output end of the pulse generator.

6. The high power pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output waveform includes a square wave, a step wave, a triangle wave, a trapezoidal wave or a sine wave.

7. A high power pulse power supply, characterized in that: Using the pulse generator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, the high-power pulse power supply comprises: A driving circuit, used for generating the driving signal; The pulse generator generates the output waveform in response to the drive signal; and a transformer, isolating the driving circuit from the pulse generator and transmitting the driving signal to the pulse generator, The transformer includes a transformer primary and a transformer secondary. The transformer primary is wound around a transformer core and connected to an output end of the drive circuit; the transformer secondary is wound around the core and connected to the drive end of the pulse generator.

8. The high power pulse power supply as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The transformer core is a magnetic ring, the transformer primary is a driving line passing through the magnetic ring; the transformer secondary is a high-voltage line passing through the magnetic ring, wherein: The axis of each pulse module is provided with a magnetic ring arranged around the axis.

9. The high power pulse power supply according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transformer core is a magnetic ring, the transformer primary is a driving line passing through the magnetic ring; the transformer secondary is a high-voltage line passing through the magnetic ring, wherein: A magnetic ring is provided at the driving end of each solid-state switch, and a plurality of magnetic rings of each stage of the pulse module are evenly distributed around the axis of the pulse module.

10. The high power pulse power supply according to claim 9, characterized in that: All the pulse modules of the high-power pulse power supply are driven by one driving signal; or All the pulse modules of each level of the pulse module are driven by one driving signal; or All the pulse modules of each pulse branch are driven by one driving signal; or Each of the pulse modules is driven by one of the driving signals.

11. A method for generating high power pulses, characterized in that: A driving signal is sent to the pulse generator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, so that the output waveform is generated at the high voltage output end of the pulse generator.

12. The method for generating high power pulses according to claim 11, characterized in that: The method for generating high power pulses further comprises: All the solid-state switches of the pulse generator are driven synchronously to generate the output waveform with high voltage and large current.

13. The method for generating high power pulses according to claim 12, characterized in that: The method for generating high power pulses further comprises: All the solid-state switches of each level of the pulse module are driven synchronously between layers, and the multi-level pulse module is driven according to a preset timing, thereby generating the large current output waveform of the corresponding voltage waveform.

14. The method for generating high power pulses according to claim 12, characterized in that: The method for generating high power pulses further comprises: All the solid-state switches of each pulse branch are driven synchronously between the paths, and the multiple pulse branches are driven according to a preset timing, thereby generating the high voltage output waveform of the corresponding current waveform.

15. The method for generating high power pulses according to claim 11, characterized in that: The method for generating high power pulses further comprises: Each of the solid-state switches is driven individually according to a preset timing, thereby generating the output waveform of a high-precision corresponding waveform.

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