A micro tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The present invention proposes a micro tunnel boring machine, including a front shield and a rear shield, a partition is provided inside the front shield, a front shield support device is provided on the front shield, a propulsion device is provided between the front shield and the rear shield, a rear shield support device is provided on the rear shield, and a main drive for driving the cutter disc is provided at the center of the partition. Advantages of the present invention: the tunnel boring machine has a small diameter, usually less than φ1.5m; it is suitable for the excavation of hard rock tunnels, and its excavation surface does not build up pressure, and the slag is directly discharged outside the tunnel, which can be formed in one time, and the construction speed is fast and efficient; it is suitable for tunnel excavation under urban cement ground and under existing tunnels, and does not affect traffic construction; compared with traditional mud and water tunnel boring machines, independent mud and water separation equipment is not required, the slag discharge system occupies a small area, and the tunnel construction cost is low, realizing the efficient slag discharge of the micro tunnel boring machine; the slag discharge system is simple and compact in structure, and can be selected according to the specific geology and construction environment, which is convenient for the rapid discharge of slag.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to tunnel construction equipment, in particular to a micro tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] The full-section rock tunnel boring machine, referred to as TBM, has the characteristics of safety, high efficiency, high degree of automation, and one-time formation of the full section of the tunnel. It is one of the most advanced equipment for large-scale mechanized supporting tunnel construction and has been widely used in railway, municipal, water conservancy and other engineering construction. Therefore, it is extremely important to improve the performance and optimize the transformation of TBM equipment, which is also the development trend of excellent industries.

[0003] With the increasing demand for tunnels, tunnel functional design is developing towards the direction of multi-shield tunneling. Therefore, for micro-tunnel construction, the market has seen a large number of construction methods with slurry tunnel boring machines as the mainstream. Due to the complex slurry discharge method, large site occupation, high construction cost, and remote mountain tunnels, lack of water and electricity resources, and inconvenient transportation, slurry tunnel boring machines are not suitable for mountain tunnels. They have great limitations in mountain tunnels and municipal projects with complex traffic. Therefore, in order to solve the problems of laying sewage pipes under existing mountain tunnels without affecting their normal operation, crossing cement roads to lay water supply and power pipelines under the tunnels without open excavation, there is a certain demand for micro hard rock tunnel boring machines that are suitable for the above situations.

[0004] There are many ways to discharge slag from micro tunnel boring machines. Due to the limitation of structural size, traditional belt conveyors or screw conveyors have great difficulty in equipment layout. Therefore, common micro tunnel boring machines mainly use mud and water pipelines to discharge slag. However, the slag discharge method is complicated and requires expensive slag separation measures, which is not applicable to mountain tunnel construction. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a micro-tunnel boring machine, which solves the problems of large site occupation, high construction cost, complex slag discharge method and high cost in existing micro-tunnel construction. The present invention can carry out tunnel construction without affecting existing tunnels and traffic operations. Compared with traditional mud-water tunnel boring machines, the present invention has low construction cost, high construction efficiency and small construction site due to its fast and simple slag discharge method.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a micro tunnel boring machine includes a front shield and a rear shield, a partition is provided inside the front shield, a front shield supporting device is provided on the front shield, a propulsion device is provided between the front shield and the rear shield, a rear shield supporting device is provided on the rear shield, and a main drive is provided at the center of the partition.

[0007] The front shield support device includes a front shield support shoe, and the rear shield support device includes a rear shield support shoe.

[0008] The main drive includes a driving frame, a transmission shaft, a reducer and a motor. The driving frame is connected to the middle of the partition, the transmission shaft is movably arranged in the driving frame, one end of the transmission shaft is connected to the cutter disc, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected to the reducer, and the reducer is connected to the motor.

[0009] The main drive drives the cutter disc, and a scraper plate is arranged on the cutter disc. An opening is arranged on the upper part of the partition plate, and a slag sliding plate is arranged at the opening.

[0010] The cutter disc is provided with a rolling cutter.

[0011] A seal is arranged between the front shield and the rear shield.

[0012] A hydraulic oil tank and a pump unit are arranged in the backing.

[0013] An operating platform is arranged in the backing, and a maintenance platform is arranged in the tunnel.

[0014] A slag conveyor is arranged at the rear of the partition, and the slag conveyor comprises a frame, an annular transport trough, a support and a conveyor drive. The frame is arranged on the support, the annular transport trough is movably arranged on the frame, and the conveyor drive is connected with the annular transport trough.

[0015] A belt conveyor I is arranged at the rear of the partition, an inclined belt conveyor II is arranged at the rear of the belt conveyor I, and a transport vehicle is arranged at the lower part of the belt conveyor II.

[0016] A zipper is provided between the belt conveyor II and the backing.

[0017] The backing is provided with a traction unit, the front end of the wire rope is connected to the front end of the transport vehicle, the wire rope passes around the traction unit and the winch in sequence, and the rear end of the wire rope is connected to the rear end of the transport vehicle.

[0018] A screw conveyor is arranged at the rear of the cutter disc. The screw conveyor comprises an outer cylinder, spiral blades, a peripheral drive and a support seat. The outer cylinder is arranged on the support seat, the spiral blades are arranged in the outer cylinder, and the peripheral drive is connected to the spiral blades.

[0019] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: the diameter of the tunnel boring machine is small, usually less than φ1.5m; it is suitable for the excavation of hard rock tunnels, and its excavation surface does not build up pressure, and the slag is directly discharged to the outside of the tunnel, which can be formed in one time, with fast construction speed and high efficiency; it is suitable for tunnel excavation under urban cement ground and under existing tunnels, and does not affect traffic construction; compared with traditional mud and water tunnel boring machines, no independent mud and water separation equipment is required, the slag discharge system occupies a small area, and the tunnel construction cost is low, realizing efficient slag discharge of the micro tunnel boring machine; the slag discharge system is simple and compact in structure, and can be selected according to the specific geology and construction environment, so as to facilitate the rapid discharge of slag. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cutter disc structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the propulsion device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the back shield of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the tunnel cross-section structure is completed for the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the ring-type slag discharge scheme of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the slag conveyor of the present invention.

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the slag discharging scheme of the transport vehicle of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slag discharging scheme of the screw conveyor of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: cutter head-1, front shield-2, slag slide plate-3, main drive-4, front shield support shoe-5, reducer-6, motor-7, propulsion device-8, seal-9, rear shield support shoe-10, hydraulic oil tank-11, rear shield-12, pump unit-13, formation-14, partition-15, belt conveyor I-16, traction device-17, zipper-18, wire rope-19, transport vehicle-20, winch-21, belt conveyor II-22, belt conveyor drive-23, frame-24, ring transport trough-25, support-26, slag conveyor-27, transfer area-28, operator-29, screw conveyor-30, outer cylinder-31, peripheral drive-32, scraper plate-33, support seat-34, maintenance platform-35, operation platform-36. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a micro tunnel boring machine includes a cutter head 1, a front shield 2, a slag plate 3, a main drive 4, a front shield support shoe 5, a propulsion device 8, a seal 9, a rear shield support shoe 10, a hydraulic oil tank 11, a rear shield 12, a pump unit 13, a partition 15, a slag scraper plate 33, a maintenance platform 35 and an operating platform 36.

[0034] The partition 15 is arranged at the front end of the front shield 2, and a main drive is arranged at the center of the rear part of the partition 15. A cutter head 1 is arranged at the front part of the partition 15, and a scraper plate 33 and a roller cutter for excavation are arranged on the cutter head 1. An opening is arranged at the upper part of the partition 15, and a slag chute plate 3 is arranged at the opening.

[0035] The main drive 4 includes a drive frame, a transmission shaft, a reducer 6 and a motor 7. The drive frame is connected to the center of the partition 15. The transmission shaft is movably arranged in the drive frame. One end of the transmission shaft is connected to the cutter disc 1, and the other end of the transmission shaft is connected to the reducer 6. The reducer 6 is connected to the motor 7.

[0036] A front shield support shoe 5 is provided on the front shield 2, a seal 9 and a propulsion device 8 are provided between the front shield 2 and the rear shield 12, a rear shield support shoe 10 is provided on the rear shield 12, a hydraulic oil tank 11, a pump unit 13 and an operating platform 36 are provided in the rear shield 12, and a maintenance platform 35 is provided in the completed tunnel.

[0037] Construction steps: The motor drives the reducer, and drives the cutter disc to rotate through the transmission shaft. A scraper plate is arranged on the cutter disc, and an opening is arranged on the upper part of the front shield. A slag plate fixed between the partition and the driving frame is arranged at the opening, and the slag plate extends to the slag conveying device. The cutter disc cuts the stratum 14, and the cut slag is scraped to the upper half of the excavation bin by the scraper plate on the cutter disc. The scraper plate has a backward tilt angle, and the cut rock blocks can be transported to the slag plate through the opening on the partition, and fall along the slag plate to the slag conveying device.

[0038] During excavation, the rear shield support shoe is pressed against the tunnel rock wall, the front shield support shoe is retracted, and the thrust cylinder pushes the front shield to excavate forward. After completing a cycle of excavation, the front shield support shoe is pressed against the tunnel rock wall, the rear shield support shoe is retracted, and the thrust cylinder is controlled to retract, driving the rear shield to step forward. After completion, the rear shield support shoe is pressed against the tunnel rock wall again to carry out the next thrust cycle. The equipment can be adjusted by the thrust cylinder, and the tunnel is guided to ensure that the tunnel is excavated according to the established route.

[0039] After completion, a maintenance platform is installed in the tunnel, which can be transported into the tunnel in sections for installation, ensuring that maintenance personnel can enter the equipment through the maintenance platform to carry out necessary maintenance. The seal can prevent debris in the stratum from falling into the hinged ring and prevent the equipment from getting stuck.

[0040] like Figure 7 and 8 As shown, a slag conveyor 27 is provided at the rear of the partition 15 , and the slag conveyor 27 includes a skeleton 24 , an annular transport trough 25 , a support 26 and a conveyor drive. The skeleton 24 is provided on the support 26 , the annular transport trough 25 is movably provided on the skeleton 24 , and the conveyor drive is connected to the annular transport trough 25 .

[0041] The slag in front falls onto the slag conveyor and is continuously transported to the transfer area 28, where it is then disposed of by the operator 29. The conveyor drive is placed outside the tunnel, driving the annular transport trough to make an annular motion on the frame to achieve continuous slag discharge. When the equipment advances a certain distance, it can be extended outside the tunnel, and after extending a certain distance, support can be added inside the tunnel. This slag discharge scheme can achieve continuous transportation of slag, but the operation is complicated and the equipment cost is expensive.

[0042] like Fig. 9 As shown, a belt conveyor I16 is provided at the rear of the partition 15, and an inclined belt conveyor II22 is provided at the rear of the belt conveyor I16. A zipper 18 is provided between the belt conveyor II22 and the backing 12 to achieve the inclined setting of the belt conveyor II22. A transport vehicle 20 is provided at the lower part of the belt conveyor II22, and a traction unit 17 is provided on the backing 12. The front end of the wire rope 19 is connected to the front end of the transport vehicle 20, and the wire rope 19 passes around the traction unit 17 and the winch 21 in turn, and the rear end of the wire rope 19 is connected to the rear end of the transport vehicle 20.

[0043] The slag in front falls onto the belt conveyor I, and the belt conveyor drive 23 drives the belt conveyor I and the belt conveyor II to transport the slag into the transport vehicle. When the transport vehicle is full, the wire rope is driven by the winch to pull the transport vehicle out of the hole. After the slag is cleaned, the transport vehicle is pulled into the hole to continue to receive the slag by reversing the winch. The slag discharge scheme has simple equipment, no continuous slag discharge equipment, and the slag discharge system cost is low.

[0044] like Fig.10 As shown, a screw conveyor 30 is provided at the rear of the cutter disc 1. The screw conveyor 30 includes an outer cylinder 31, spiral blades, a peripheral drive 32 and a support seat 34. The outer cylinder 31 is provided on the support seat 34, the spiral blades are movably provided in the outer cylinder 31, and the peripheral drive 32 is connected to the spiral blades.

[0045] This slag discharge scheme eliminates the opening and slag chute. The screw conveyor passes through the partition and directly extends to the bottom of the excavation bin. The cut slag is scraped to the bottom of the excavation bin by the scraper plate. The peripheral drive drives the spiral blade to rotate, and the slag blocks at the bottom of the excavation bin are discharged to the rear of the equipment. The slag is then transported out of the hole by a transport vehicle or by operators. This slag discharge scheme has simple equipment requirements, but the efficiency of the screw conveyor slag discharge method is average.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro tunnel boring machine, comprising a front shield (2) and a rear shield (12), wherein a partition (15) is provided inside the front shield (2), and characterized in that: The front shield (2) is provided with a front shield support device, a propulsion device (8) is provided between the front shield (2) and the rear shield (12), a rear shield support device is provided on the rear shield (12), and a main drive (4) is provided at the center of the partition (15); The main drive (4) comprises a drive frame, a transmission shaft, a reducer (6) and a motor (7), the drive frame being connected to the center of the partition (15), the transmission shaft being movably arranged in the drive frame, one end of the transmission shaft being connected to the cutter disc (1), the other end of the transmission shaft being connected to the reducer (6), and the reducer (6) being connected to the motor (7); The main drive (4) drives the cutter disc (1), and the cutter disc (1) is provided with a scraper plate (33). When an opening is provided at the upper portion of the partition plate (15), a slag slide plate (3) is provided at the opening, and the slag slide plate (3) extends to a slag conveying device, and the slag conveying device is a slag conveyor (27) or a belt conveyor I (16); When an opening is provided at the lower part of the partition (15), a screw conveyor (30) is provided at the rear of the cutter head (1), and the screw conveyor (30) passes through the partition (15) and extends to the bottom of the excavation chamber.

2. The micro tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backing (12) is provided with a hydraulic oil tank (11) and a pump unit (13).

3. The micro tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An operating platform (36) is provided in the backing (12), and a maintenance platform (35) is provided in the tunnel.

4. The micro tunneling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A slag conveyor (27) is provided at the rear of the partition (15). The slag conveyor (27) comprises a frame (24), an annular transport trough (25), a support (26) and a conveyor drive. The frame (24) is provided on the support (26), the annular transport trough (25) is movably provided on the frame (24), and the conveyor drive is connected to the annular transport trough (25).

5. The micro tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A belt conveyor I (16) is provided at the rear of the partition (15), an inclined belt conveyor II (22) is provided at the rear of the belt conveyor I (16), and a transport vehicle (20) is provided at the lower part of the belt conveyor II (22).

6. The micro tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A zipper (18) is provided between the belt conveyor II (22) and the backing (12).

7. The micro tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The backing (12) is provided with a traction unit (17), the front end of the steel wire rope (19) is connected to the front end of the transport vehicle (20), the steel wire rope (19) passes through the traction unit (17) and the winch (21) in sequence, and the rear end of the steel wire rope (19) is connected to the rear end of the transport vehicle (20).

8. The micro tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: A screw conveyor (30) is provided at the rear of the cutter disc (1). The screw conveyor (30) comprises an outer cylinder (31), a spiral blade, a peripheral drive (32) and a support seat (34). The outer cylinder (31) is provided on the support seat (34), the spiral blade is movably provided in the outer cylinder (31), and the peripheral drive (32) is connected to the spiral blade.

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