A sampling drill

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sampling drill, which relates to the field of geological prospecting technology. The technical solution thereof includes a base body driven to rotate by a motor, a drill bit and a sampling device arranged in the base body, and a driving mechanism, a first drilling mechanism, a second drilling mechanism and an impact mechanism arranged in the base body. The driving mechanism can rotate under the hydraulic action of the drilling fluid, and can provide a partial power source for the sampling drill; the driving mechanism drives the first drilling mechanism to rotate, and the first drilling mechanism then reciprocates and strikes the second drilling mechanism connected to the drill bit through the cooperation of the impact mechanism, so that the second drilling mechanism is subjected to high-frequency impact, and after the impact force is transmitted to the drill bit, it is beneficial for the drill bit to drill into the rock formation efficiently, so that the external force drilling pressure required by the drill bit is effectively reduced, which can not only reduce the force on the drill rod to prevent the drill rod from fatigue damage due to excessive drilling pressure, but also reduce the use of high-power motors, effectively reducing costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, and in particular to a sampling drill tool used for exploration and sampling under hard stratum conditions. Background Art

[0002] Due to the needs of resource exploration and scientific research, sampling operations under different geological conditions are increasing.

[0003] For the sampling process of strata in geological exploration, the conventional sampling method is to apply pressure to the drill pipe by mechanical pressure so that the sampling drill is pressed into the stratum and then the stratum area is sampled.

[0004] The inventors found that conventional mechanical pressure sampling drills are prone to bending or even breaking the drill rod for soft or hard formations, which not only slows down the drilling speed, but also easily causes the collapse of the drilled formation, which is not conducive to the smooth progress of sampling. In addition, conventional sampling drills usually need to be equipped with high-power motors to drive and provide a large drilling pressure, which increases the sampling cost accordingly. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a sampling drill which has the advantages of low driving power, low energy consumption and high drilling efficiency.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A sampling drill comprises a base body driven to rotate by a motor, a drill bit arranged in the base body and a sampling device, characterized in that it also comprises:

[0008] A driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism can flow drilling fluid, and the driving mechanism includes a power device, and the power device includes a stator and a rotor driven to rotate by the drilling fluid;

[0009] The first drilling mechanism includes a rotating shaft and an impact shaft, wherein the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a power device, and the impact shaft is connected to the rotating shaft by an elastic member and can reciprocate along the central axial direction of the base body;

[0010] A second drilling mechanism is installed on the base body, and a drill bit and a sampling device are connected to the second drilling mechanism;

[0011] The impact mechanism includes a first connecting member and a second connecting member, wherein the first connecting member is detachably connected to the impact shaft of the first drilling mechanism, and the second connecting member is connected to the base body. The first connecting member moves axially with the impact shaft to impact the second drilling mechanism and reciprocates using an elastic member.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, the driving mechanism can rotate under the hydraulic action of the drilling fluid, and can provide a partial power source for the sampling drill; the driving mechanism drives the first drilling mechanism to rotate, and the first drilling mechanism then reciprocates and strikes the second drilling mechanism connected to the drill bit through the cooperation of the impact mechanism, so that the second drilling mechanism is subjected to high-frequency impact. After the impact force is transmitted to the drill bit, it is beneficial for the drill bit to drill into the rock formation efficiently, so that the external force drilling pressure required by the drill bit is effectively reduced, which can not only reduce the force on the drill rod to prevent fatigue damage of the drill rod due to excessive drilling pressure, but also reduce the use of high-power motors, effectively reducing costs.

[0013] It is further configured that: the power device has a flow channel through which drilling fluid can flow; the rotating shaft has a first flow cavity, the impact shaft is arranged in the first flow cavity, and a flow gap is provided between the impact shaft and the rotating shaft; the impact shaft has a second flow cavity;

[0014] The flow channel, the first flow cavity and the second flow cavity are connected in sequence, and the flow channel, the first flow cavity, the second flow cavity and the flow gap together constitute a driving flow channel.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving flow channel can enable the drilling fluid to flow smoothly to one side of the drill bit, providing power for the power device, thereby causing the stator and rotor of the power device to rotate, providing part of the power source for the sampling drill bit and reducing the total power.

[0016] It is further provided that: the impact axis and the rotation axis are arranged in a staggered manner along the central axis direction of the base.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the impact shaft can move back and forth along the central axis direction of the base body.

[0018] It is further configured that: the second drilling mechanism has a movable cavity, and the sampling device is connected to the movable cavity through an elastic piston.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the sampling device is connected in the movable cavity and hidden inside the base body, thereby preventing the sampling device from being affected.

[0020] It is further provided that: the movable cavity is communicated with the driving flow channel, and the movable cavity is communicated with the drill bit.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, it is ensured that the drilling fluid can be transported to the drill bit side of the device.

[0022] It is further configured that: the rotating shaft is connected to the base through a bearing; the stator is connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotor is connected to the stator.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the flow of drilling fluid drives the rotor to rotate. The rotor and the stator have a linkage relationship. The rotation drives the stator to rotate. The stator is connected to the rotating shaft, and finally the rotating shaft is linked to rotate.

[0024] It is further configured that: the rotor is a turbine rotor, and the stator is a turbine stator.

[0025] It is further provided that: the base comprises a first shell, a second shell and a third shell which are connected in sequence, and the first shell, the second shell and the third shell are connected in sequence through threaded fitting.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the segmented arrangement makes the spatial arrangement of the driving mechanism, the first drilling mechanism, the second drilling mechanism and the impact mechanism in the base more reasonable, and facilitates the disassembly and assembly of each mechanism.

[0027] It is further configured that a positioning block is provided between the second drilling mechanism and the third housing, and a sealing ring is provided between the positioning block and the third housing.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing ring can prevent leakage of drilling fluid.

[0029] It is further configured that fluororubber is provided between the second drilling mechanism and the third shell and at the lower end of the positioning block, and the fluororubber is tightly fitted to the positioning block, the outer wall of the second drilling mechanism and the inner wall of the third shell.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the fluororubber can buffer the friction between the second drilling mechanism and the shell, thereby protecting the sampling device from the impact of a large impact force.

[0031] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: it can provide hydraulic rotary impact and axial impact, facilitate the rapid drilling of the drill bit, and effectively improve the working efficiency of the sampling operation. At the same time, the drilling fluid can drive the first drilling mechanism to move, thereby providing additional power, so that the power of the required motor is correspondingly reduced, effectively reducing the sampling cost. The sampling device is elastically connected to the active cavity, effectively avoiding the interference of a large impact force, so that the sampling operation can proceed smoothly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling drill;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first connecting member at a first viewing angle;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first connecting member at a second viewing angle;

[0035] Figure 4is a schematic structural diagram of the second connecting member at a first viewing angle;

[0036] Figure 5 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the second connecting member at a second viewing angle.

[0037] In the figure, 10, sampling drill; 20, base; 22, first shell; 24, second shell; 26, third shell; 30, sampling device; 40, drill bit;

[0038] 100, driving mechanism; 130, power device; 102, flow channel; 103, positioning shoulder; 110, rotor; 120, stator;

[0039] 200, first drilling mechanism; 210, rotating shaft; 220, impact shaft; 212, first flow cavity; 222, second flow cavity; 231, first through hole; 232, second through hole; 233, flow gap; 234, connecting hole;

[0040] 300, second drilling mechanism; 301, diversion hole; 302, movable cavity; 303, inclined hole;

[0041] 50. Impact mechanism; 501. First connecting member; 502. Second connecting member; 400. Positioning block; 500. Fluororubber; 600. Elastic piston; 601. Flow hole; 70. Bearing; 80. Sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0043] The first implementation method:

[0044] A sampling drill, such as Figure 1 As shown, the sampling drill 10 includes a drill bit 40 , a base body 20 , a sampling device 30 disposed in the base body 20 , a driving mechanism 100 , a first drilling mechanism 200 , a second drilling mechanism 300 , and an impact mechanism 50 .

[0045] The base 20 includes a first shell 22, a second shell 24 and a third shell 26 which are connected in sequence. The first shell 22, the second shell 24 and the third shell 26 are connected in sequence by threaded matching. The outer wall of the upper end of the first shell 22 is tapped with an external thread, and a drilling motor is connected to the upper part of the first shell 22. The lower end of the third shell 26 is tapped with an internal thread, and a drill bit is installed at the lower end of the third shell 26.

[0046] It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the structural form of the base 20 consisting of the first shell 22, the second shell 24 and the third shell 26 connected in sequence is the preferred structure for the present embodiment and does not limit the specific form of the base 20. In other specific embodiments, the base 20 may also be composed of only one shell or two or more shells.

[0047] The driving mechanism 100 includes a power device 130, and the power device 130 includes a rotor 110 and a stator 120, wherein the rotor is a turbine rotor and the stator is a turbine stator. A positioning shoulder 103 is provided on the inner wall of the upper end portion of the first housing 22, and the blades of the turbine rotor and the turbine stator are reversely installed and abut against the positioning shoulder 103 in the first housing 22. A flow channel 102 is provided between the turbine stator and the turbine rotor, and the drilling fluid flows into the sampling drill 10 from the upper end opening of the first housing 22, and the drilling fluid flowing in from the upper end of the first housing 22 flows into the flow channel 102, and the turbine rotor can drive the turbine stator to rotate under the drive of the drilling fluid.

[0048] In this embodiment, there are multiple turbine rotors and turbine stators, and multiple turbine rotors and multiple turbine stators constitute a turbine device. It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the number of turbine stators and turbine rotors of the turbine device, that is, the number of turbine stages. In other specific embodiments, the number of turbine stages can be multiple stages.

[0049] The first drilling mechanism 200 includes a rotating shaft 210 and an impact shaft 220. The upper end portion of the rotating shaft 210 is fixed to the turbine stator by bolts and nuts, so that the turbine rotor and the turbine stator are fixed to the first housing 22 after being pressed against the positioning shoulder 103. The lower end portion of the rotating shaft 210 is movably connected to the second housing 24 through a bearing 700. The axis of the rotating shaft 210 has a first flow cavity 212, and the lower end peripheral wall of the rotating shaft 210 is provided with a first through hole 231, and the first flow cavity 212, the first through hole 231 and the flow channel 102 are connected.

[0050] In this embodiment, there are four bearings 700, which are arranged along the axis of the base 20. The bearings 700 are used to buffer the friction between the rotating shaft 210 and the second housing 24. It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the specific number of the bearings 700. In other specific embodiments, the number of the bearings 700 may also be one or more.

[0051] The impact shaft 220 is arranged in the first flow cavity 212, and the upper end of the impact shaft 220 is connected to the inner wall of the upper end of the rotating shaft 210 in the first flow cavity 212 through an elastic member. The elastic member is a spring. There is a flow gap 233 between the impact shaft 220 and the rotating shaft 210. The part of the impact shaft 220 in the first flow cavity 212 is staggered and spaced with the rotating shaft 210 along the central axis direction of the base 20, and is connected with the spring so that the impact shaft 220 can reciprocate along the central axis direction of the base 20. The lower end of the impact shaft 220 passes through the first flow cavity 212 and is placed in the third shell 26.

[0052] The axis of the impact shaft 220 has a second flow cavity 222, which is connected to the first flow cavity 212. The upper peripheral wall of the impact shaft 220 is provided with a second through hole 232, and the lower end of the impact shaft 220 is provided with a connecting hole 234. The flow channel 102, the first through hole 231, the first flow cavity 212, the second flow cavity 222, the second through hole 232 and the flow gap 233 together constitute the driving flow channel 102, which is connected to the third housing 26.

[0053] The second drilling mechanism 300 is arranged in the third shell body 26. The second drilling mechanism 300 is a structure with an upper cone and a lower trapezoidal cylinder. The upper end face of the second drilling mechanism 300 is a horizontal plane. The upper end face is provided with a guide hole 301 and an inclined hole 303 connected to the flow gap 233. The upper end face is consistent in size with the lower end face of the impact shaft 220.

[0054] The second drilling mechanism 300 has an active cavity 302, which includes a cavity opened in the upper cone and a cavity in the lower trapezoidal cylinder. The upper end of the sampling device 30 is connected to the inner wall of the lower trapezoidal cylinder of the second drilling mechanism 300 through an elastic piston 600. The lower end of the sampling device 30 abuts against the drill bit 40 through the elastic piston 600. The elastic piston 600 at the upper end has a flow hole 601 in the radial direction. The sampling device 30 can be a sampling tube or a sampling box. The upper end of the active cavity 302 is connected to the driving flow channel 102, and the lower end of the active cavity 302 is connected to the drill bit 40.

[0055] The outer wall of the lower end of the second drilling mechanism 300 is tapped with an external thread, and the second drilling mechanism 300 is detachably connected to the lower end of the third housing 26 through threaded engagement.

[0056] A positioning block 400 is further provided between the trapezoidal cylinder of the second drilling mechanism 300 and the third housing 26 , and a sealing ring 800 is provided between the positioning block 400 and the third housing 26 , and the sealing ring 800 can prevent leakage of drilling fluid.

[0057] A fluororubber 500 is provided between the trapezoidal cylinder of the second drilling mechanism 300 and the third shell 26 and at the lower end of the positioning block 400. The fluororubber 500 is provided with an opening. The fluororubber 500 fits tightly to the positioning block 400, the outer wall of the trapezoidal cylinder and the inner wall of the third shell 26. The fluororubber 500 can buffer the friction between the second drilling mechanism 300 and the shell, thereby protecting the sampling device 30 from the impact of a large impact force.

[0058] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the impact mechanism includes a first connecting member 501 and a second connecting member 502, wherein the first connecting member 501 is an upper cam and the second connecting member 502 is a lower cam. The first connecting member 501 and the second connecting member 502 are a motion matching structure of upper and lower cams, which can realize the reciprocating linear motion of the first connecting member 501 relative to the second connecting member 502. The second connecting member 502 is connected to the third housing 26, and the second drilling mechanism 300 is fixed to the third housing 26. The first connecting member 501 is connected to the lower end shoulder of the impact shaft 220 by a thread, and the impact shaft 220 is connected to the rotating shaft 210 by a spring, and the rotating shaft 210 is fixed to the turbine stator. The turbine stator and the turbine rotor are driven by the flow of the drilling fluid to rotate the rotating shaft 210, and the rotating shaft 210 then drives the impact shaft 220 to rotate. Since the first connecting member 501 is connected to the impact shaft 220, the impact shaft 220 has both the rotational power from the turbine and the impact force from the cam cooperation between the first connecting member 501 and the second connecting member 502. The impact shaft 220 can reciprocate and impact the upper end surface of the second drilling mechanism 300, providing a high-frequency rotation impact effect.

[0059] Specifically, when in use, the upper end of the first shell 22 is connected to the drilling motor, and the sampling drill 10 drives the drill bit 40 to drill under the drive of the drilling motor. At the same time, the drilling fluid flows into the first shell 22 through the liquid pump, and the drilling fluid flows through the driving channel 102 and the active cavity 302 in turn, and finally flows out from the borehole of the drill bit 40. The turbine rotor can rotate under the hydraulic action of the drilling fluid, thereby driving the turbine stator to rotate, which can provide a partial power source for the sampling drill 10, so that the power of the drilling motor can be set to be relatively small to meet the working conditions; the turbine stator drives the rotating shaft 210 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 210 then drives the impact shaft 220 to rotate. The first connecting member 501 connected to the impact shaft 220 cooperates with the second connecting member 502, so that the impact shaft 220 can reciprocate and impact the upper end face of the second drilling mechanism 300, so that the second drilling mechanism 300 is subjected to high-frequency impact. After the impact force is transmitted to the drill bit 40, the drill bit 40 generates high-frequency impact force and rotational force at the same time, which is beneficial for the drill bit 40 to drill the rock formation efficiently, reduce the force on the drill rod to prevent fatigue damage of the drill rod due to excessive drilling pressure, and at the same time reduce the drilling time, effectively improve the drilling efficiency, and thus improve the sampling efficiency.

[0060] After the sampling work is completed, the sampling drill 10 is raised, and the drill bit 40 is unscrewed to remove the sampling device 30.

[0061] Another embodiment: The difference from the first embodiment is that the rotor 110 in the sampling drill 10 is a screw motor rotor 110 , and the stator 120 is a screw motor stator 120 .

[0062] The above-mentioned embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the embodiments without any creative contribution as needed. However, such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sampling drill, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base body (20) driven to rotate by a motor, a drill bit (40) and a sampling device (30) arranged in the base body (20), and further comprises: A driving mechanism (100), wherein the driving mechanism (100) can flow drilling fluid, and the driving mechanism (100) includes a power device (130), and the power device (130) includes a stator (120) and a rotor (110) driven to rotate by the drilling fluid; The first drilling mechanism (200) comprises a rotating shaft (210) and an impact shaft (220), wherein the rotating shaft (210) is driven to rotate by a power device, and the impact shaft (220) is connected to the rotating shaft (210) by an elastic member and can reciprocate along the central axial direction of the base body (20); A second drilling mechanism (300) is mounted on the base (20), and a drill bit (40) and a sampling device (30) are connected to the second drilling mechanism (300); The impact mechanism (50) comprises a first connecting member (501) and a second connecting member (502), wherein the first connecting member (501) is detachably connected to the impact shaft (220) of the first drilling mechanism, and the second connecting member (502) is connected to the base (20), and the first connecting member (501) moves axially with the impact shaft (220) to impact the second drilling mechanism (300) and reciprocates using an elastic member; The power device has a flow channel (102) through which drilling fluid can flow; the rotating shaft (210) has a first flow cavity (212), the impact shaft (220) is arranged in the first flow cavity (212), and a flow gap (233) is provided between the impact shaft (220) and the rotating shaft (210); the impact shaft (220) has a second flow cavity (222); The flow channel (102), the first flow cavity (212), and the second flow cavity (222) are connected in sequence, and the flow channel (102), the first flow cavity (212), the second flow cavity (222), and the flow gap (233) together constitute a driving flow channel (102); The impact axis (220) and the rotation axis (210) are arranged in a staggered manner along the central axis direction of the base body (20).

2. A sampling drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second drilling mechanism (300) has an active cavity (302), and the sampling device (30) is connected to the active cavity (302) via an elastic piston (600).

3. The sampling drill according to claim 2, characterized in that: The active cavity (302) is in communication with the driving channel (102), and the active cavity (302) is in communication with the drill bit (40).

4. A sampling drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (210) is connected to the base (20) via a bearing (700); the stator (120) is connected to the rotating shaft (210), and the rotor (110) is connected to the stator (120).

5. A sampling drill according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotor (110) is a turbine rotor, and the stator (120) is a turbine stator.

6. A sampling drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (20) comprises a first shell (22), a second shell (24) and a third shell (26) which are connected in sequence. The first shell (22), the second shell (24) and the third shell (26) are connected in sequence through threaded fitting.

7. A sampling drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning block (400) is further provided between the second drilling mechanism (300) and the third housing (26), and a sealing ring (80) is provided between the positioning block (400) and the third housing (26).

8. A sampling drill according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fluororubber (500) is provided between the second drilling mechanism (300) and the third shell (26) and at the lower end of the positioning block (400), and the fluororubber (500) is tightly fitted to the positioning block (400), the outer wall of the second drilling mechanism (300) and the inner wall of the third shell (26).

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