Solid heat storage device with a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air duct system

Abstract

The present invention provides a solid heat storage device with a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air duct system, belonging to the technical field of heat storage. It includes a horizontal channel, a vertical air inlet channel, a vertical air outlet channel, a air distributor, a air guide device, an air inlet chamber, an air outlet chamber, etc. The air inlet chamber is arranged at the bottom. By taking advantage of the lower temperature of the incoming air, the temperature of the refractory insulation bricks and the bottom heat storage bricks can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the refractory insulation bricks and the bottom heat storage bricks is improved. The main air duct is formed by the staggered arrangement of the vertical air inlet channel and the vertical air outlet channel, and the horizontal channel forms multi-branch parallel branches, establishing a three-dimensional air duct system. This can balance the incoming air temperature difference, increase the heat exchange area, reduce the temperature gradient, promote the heat exchange flow, and balance the air duct pressure, so as to balance the heat exchange inside the heat storage body, significantly reduce the temperature difference between different heat storage bricks and different spatial parts of the same heat storage brick, and improve the heat storage capacity, the heat absorption and release efficiency, and the dynamic response performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a solid heat storage device, particularly a solid heat storage device with a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air duct system in space. It belongs to the technical field of heat storage. Background Art

[0002] In current solid heat storage devices, there is a lack of overall design and consideration for the ventilation and heat exchange system inside the heat storage body. In the prior art, the air duct structure formed inside the heat storage body is essentially a two-dimensional structure. A typical and commonly used one is the air duct structure that alternates orthogonally on the horizontal plane. Its characteristic is that each air duct independently penetrates the entire heat storage body and is completely isolated from each other. The heating wires are generally located in multiple parallel channels among them. Obviously, such a structure will cause problems such as a large temperature difference between the head and tail of each heat exchange air duct and a large temperature difference between the heating wires located in different channels.

[0003] The air distribution method of the heat storage body and the structure of the internal air duct system will both affect the temperature distribution of each part of the entire heat storage body. For example, in the Chinese patent "Airflow guiding structure of a solid heat storage device (Application No.: 201720221364.1)", an air outlet pipeline is provided at the inlet of the housing, and the air outlets of the air outlet pipeline are arranged in a stepped manner to distribute air to the internal air ducts of the solid heat storage material layer; at the same time, an inclined air flow guiding plate is provided above the outlet of the housing, so that the heat in each layer of the solid heat storage material is released evenly and sufficiently. Although this patent solves to a certain extent the problems of the inlet air temperature balance and the outlet air pressure balance of the solid heat storage material layer, that is, the usually heat storage body, it does not improve the internal air duct of the heat storage body, and still inevitably has problems of excessive and uneven internal temperature differences.

[0004] Excessive temperature differences between different heat storage bricks inside the heat storage body, as well as between different spatial parts of the same heat storage brick, will reduce the overall heat storage temperature, thereby reducing the heat storage capacity, affecting the heat absorption and heat release characteristics, reducing the efficiency of the heat storage system and the dynamic response performance; too high temperature in the enclosed space of the heating wire will also significantly reduce the service life of the heating wire, etc.

[0005] In addition, the heat storage bricks have a relatively high density. After being stacked into a heat storage body, the heat storage bricks at the lower part bear a great weight, and the refractory insulation bricks at the bottom have to bear the weight of the entire heat storage body. If the lower heat storage bricks and refractory insulation bricks bear a large weight in a long-term high-temperature environment, it will inevitably affect their mechanical properties, resulting in a reduction in service life at the least, and even serious accidents such as furnace collapse may occur. Therefore, effective measures need to be taken to reduce the load per unit area and lower the operating environment temperature. In the Chinese patent "High-temperature solid electric heat storage furnace (Application No.: 201510082349.9)", the insulation foundation part is composed of insulation supports distributed in a matrix form, and an external independent air duct for cooling the insulation foundation part is separately formed. However, the support structure between its insulation and heat insulation layer and the low-temperature air duct above it is not described. Obviously, it is difficult to bear the weight if the second high-temperature insulation baffle is used, and the significance of the insulation and heat insulation layer basically disappears. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a solid heat storage device with a three-dimensional space multi-branch parallel air duct system. By adopting the three-dimensional space multi-branch parallel air duct system, it can balance the inlet air temperature difference, increase the heat exchange area, reduce the temperature gradient, promote the heat exchange flow, balance the air duct pressure, etc., significantly reduce the temperature difference between different heat storage bricks and different spatial parts of the same heat storage brick, improve the heat storage capacity, heat absorption and release efficiency, and dynamic response performance; at the same time, reduce the load per unit area at the bottom, lower the operating environment temperature, and effectively improve the service life of the main components, etc. It also has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, reliable operation, and convenient maintenance.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows:

[0008] The solid heat storage device with a three-dimensional space multi-branch parallel air duct system includes a heat storage body (1), a horizontal channel (2), a vertical inlet air channel (3), a vertical outlet air channel (4), a air distributor (5), air distribution holes (6), an inlet air chamber (7), an air guide (8), air guide holes (9), an outlet air chamber (10), an air inlet (11), an air outlet (12), and electric heating wires (13).

[0009] There is a horizontal channel (2) inside the heat storage body (1), as well as a vertical inlet air channel (3) and a vertical outlet air channel (4) orthogonal to it. The vertical inlet air channel (3) is connected to the vertical outlet air channel (4) through the horizontal channel (2).

[0010] There are multiple corresponding horizontal channels (2), vertical inlet air channels (3), and vertical outlet air channels (4), which form a three-dimensional space multi-branch parallel air duct structure inside the heat storage body (1).

[0011] The air distributor (5) is located at the bottom of the heat storage body (1), and is provided with air distribution holes (6) corresponding to the vertical air inlet channels (3), and only enables the vertical air inlet channels (3) to communicate with the air inlet chamber (7).

[0012] The air guide device (8) is located at the top of the heat storage body (1), and is provided with air guide holes (9) corresponding to the vertical air outlet channels (4), and only enables the vertical air outlet channels (4) to communicate with the air outlet chamber (10).

[0013] The air inlet chamber (7) is provided with an air inlet (11), and the air outlet chamber (10) is provided with an air outlet (12). The air inlet (11) and the air outlet (12) are connected to the external air duct.

[0014] The gas enters the air inlet chamber (7) through the air inlet (11), is distributed through the air distribution holes (6) of the air distributor (5), enters the multiple vertical air inlet channels (3) respectively, and then exchanges heat through the corresponding multiple horizontal channels (2) and multiple vertical air outlet channels (4), and then converges into the air outlet chamber (10) through the air guide holes (9) of the air guide device (8) respectively, and is finally sent out through the air outlet (12).

[0015] The electric heating wires (13) are in multiple groups and are installed inside the heat storage body (1).

[0016] Furthermore, it includes a bottom support frame (14), which is located inside the air inlet chamber (7) and supports below the air distributor (5). There is a refractory heat-insulating brick (15) between the heat storage body (1) and the air distributor (5), and the refractory heat-insulating brick (15) is provided with ventilation holes (16) corresponding one-to-one to the air distribution holes (6).

[0017] Furthermore, the number of the vertical air inlet channels (3) is the same as the number of the vertical air outlet channels (4).

[0018] Furthermore, the multiple vertical air inlet channels (3) and the multiple vertical air outlet channels (4) are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0019] Furthermore, the air inlet (11) and the air outlet (12) are respectively located on opposite sides of the solid heat storage device.

[0020] Furthermore, the multiple groups of electric heating wires (13) are respectively installed in the multiple horizontal channels (2), or installed in a heating channel (17) inside the heat storage body (1) that is not connected to the horizontal channels (2), vertical air inlet channels (3), and vertical air outlet channels (4).

[0021] Furthermore, no electric heating wire (13) is installed in the horizontal channel (2) at the bottom of the heat storage body (1).

[0022] Furthermore, high-temperature heat-conducting coatings (18) are provided on the inner walls of the horizontal channels (2), the vertical air inlet channels (3), and the vertical air outlet channels (4).

[0023] Furthermore, high-temperature heat-conducting and anti-corrosion coatings (19) are provided on the surface of the heating wire (13).

[0024] Furthermore, it includes a heat-insulating layer (20) that completely wraps the heat storage body (1), the air inlet chamber (7), and the air outlet chamber (10).

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The main air path is formed by the staggered arrangement of the vertical air inlet channels and the vertical air outlet channels, and the horizontal channels form multi-branch parallel branches, establishing a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air path system in space. It realizes relatively balanced vertical air inlet, avoiding large temperature differences caused by different air inlet temperatures on each heat exchange surface; effectively increases the heat exchange area of the heat storage bricks, reduces the temperature gradient, and avoids the situation of too thick distance between the heat storage bricks and the heat exchange surface. Thus, the temperature difference between different heat storage bricks and different spatial parts of the same heat storage brick is significantly reduced, improving the heat storage capacity, heat absorption and release efficiency, and dynamic response performance. At the same time, it also has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, reliable operation, and convenient maintenance.

[0027] 2. The air inlet chamber is arranged at the bottom, and the air distributor is used to distribute air at the bottom through the ventilation holes, balancing the air inlet temperature difference. Utilizing the advantage of lower air inlet temperature, it effectively reduces the temperatures of the refractory heat-insulating bricks and the bottom heat storage bricks; no heating wire is installed in the horizontal channels at the bottom of the heat storage body, further avoiding the phenomenon of too high bottom temperature affecting the mechanical strength. Thus, the service lives of the refractory heat-insulating bricks and the bottom heat storage bricks are effectively improved.

[0028] 3. The air inlet chamber and the air outlet chamber are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the heat storage body, which can effectively balance the gas pressure inside the vertical main air duct. Combining the settings of the air distribution holes and the air guiding holes, all the air paths are vertical air inlet channels, horizontal channels, and vertical air outlet channels, making the gas flow rate and velocity through multiple vertical air inlet channels and vertical air outlet channels as balanced as possible, effectively reducing the temperature gradient, and avoiding the situation of too large temperature difference inside the heat storage body caused by too large flow rate difference.

[0029] 4. The heat exchange process is jointly completed by the vertical air inlet channels, horizontal channels, and vertical air outlet channels, effectively increasing the heat exchange area; and the vertical channels can also make full use of the chimney effect to automatically promote the gas flow inside the vertical air ducts.

[0030] 5. The same number of vertical air inlet channels and vertical air outlet channels are arranged in a staggered manner in space, and the intersection with the horizontal channels adopts an inclined surface or an arc surface structure, as much as possible to balance the air duct pressure and eliminate the internal temperature difference of the heat storage device, thereby achieving balanced heat exchange.

[0031] 6. The heating wire can utilize the existing horizontal channel as the heating channel and participate in direct heat exchange with the gas to reduce the temperature of the heating wire and improve the heating and heat exchange efficiency; or, for the purpose of weakening oxidation, it can be installed in an independent horizontal channel that is not connected to the three-dimensional air duct system, without affecting the overall effect of this design. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 : Front view of the heat storage device.

[0033] Figure 2 : Top view of the heat storage device.

[0034] In the figure: 1 - heat storage body, 2 - horizontal channel, 3 - vertical air inlet channel, 4 - vertical air outlet channel, 5 - air distributor, 6 - air distribution holes, 7 - air inlet chamber, 8 - air guide, 9 - air guide holes, 10 - air outlet chamber, 11 - air inlet, 12 - air outlet, 13 - heating wire, 14 - bottom support frame, 15 - refractory insulation brick, 16 - ventilation holes, 17 - heating channel, 18 - high-temperature heat-conducting coating, 19 - high-temperature heat-conducting and anti-corrosion coating, 20 - insulation layer. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0036] As Figure 1 shown in the front view of the heat storage device, Figure 2 and shown in the top view of the heat storage device. The solid heat storage device with a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air duct system includes a heat storage body (1), a horizontal channel (2), a vertical air inlet channel (3), a vertical air outlet channel (4), an air distributor (5), air distribution holes (6), an air inlet chamber (7), an air guide (8), air guide holes (9), an air outlet chamber (10), an air inlet (11), an air outlet (12), a heating wire (13), a bottom support frame (14), a refractory insulation brick (15), ventilation holes (16), a heating channel (17), a high-temperature heat-conducting coating (18), a high-temperature heat-conducting and anti-corrosion coating (19), and an insulation layer (20).

[0037] Figure 1In it, there are horizontal channels (2) inside the heat storage body (1), as well as vertical air inlet channels (3) and vertical air outlet channels (4) orthogonal to it. The vertical air inlet channels (3) are connected to the vertical air outlet channels (4) through the horizontal channels (2). There are multiple corresponding horizontal channels (2), vertical air inlet channels (3), and vertical air outlet channels (4), forming a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air path structure inside the heat storage body (1). It realizes relatively balanced vertical air inlet, avoiding large temperature differences caused by different air inlet temperatures on each heat exchange surface; effectively increases the heat exchange area of the heat storage bricks, reduces the temperature gradient, and avoids the situation of too thick distance between the heat storage bricks and the heat exchange surface. Thus, the temperature difference between different heat storage bricks and different spatial parts of the same heat storage brick is significantly reduced, improving the heat storage capacity, heat absorption and release efficiency, and dynamic response performance.

[0038] Figure 1 and Figure 2 In it, the horizontal channels (2) are 5 rows and 4 columns, with a total of 20. The heating wires (13) are installed in the horizontal channels (2). In the horizontal channels (2) at the bottom of the heat storage body (1), no heating wires (13) are installed. Therefore, the heating wires (13) are 4 rows and 4 columns, with a total of 16 groups. Figure 2 In it, calculated from left to right, the odd columns are vertical air outlet channels (4), with a total of 8, and the even columns are vertical air inlet channels (3), with a total of 8. The number of vertical air inlet channels (3) is the same as the number of vertical air outlet channels (4), and they are arranged staggeredly in space to balance the air duct pressure as much as possible and eliminate the internal temperature difference of the heat storage body (1), thereby realizing balanced heat exchange.

[0039] Figure 1In it, the air distributor (5) is located at the bottom of the regenerator (1), and is provided with air distribution holes (6) corresponding to the vertical air inlet channels (3), and only the vertical air inlet channels (3) can be communicated with the air inlet chamber (7). The air guide device (8) is located at the top of the regenerator (1), and is provided with air guide holes (9) corresponding to the vertical air outlet channels (4), and only the vertical air outlet channels (4) can be communicated with the air outlet chamber (10). The gas enters the air inlet chamber (7) through the air inlet (11), is distributed through the air distribution holes (6) of the air distributor (5) and the ventilation holes (16) of the refractory heat-insulating bricks (15), and enters multiple vertical air inlet channels (3) respectively. After heat exchange through the corresponding multiple horizontal channels (2) and multiple vertical air outlet channels (4), they are respectively collected into the air outlet chamber (10) through the air guide holes (9) of the air guide device (8), and finally sent out through the air outlet (12). The heat exchange process is jointly completed by the vertical air inlet channels, horizontal channels, and vertical air outlet channels, effectively increasing the heat exchange area; and the vertical channels can also make full use of the chimney effect to automatically promote the gas flow in the vertical air ducts; so that the gas flow rate and flow velocity through multiple vertical air inlet channels (3) and vertical air outlet channels (4) are as balanced as possible, effectively reducing the temperature gradient, realizing relatively balanced air inlet temperature, and avoiding the large temperature difference situation caused by different air inlet temperatures on each heat exchange surface. Thus, the temperature difference of the air inlet and the temperature difference of the air outlet passing through the inside of the regenerator (1) can be controlled at a relatively small level.

[0040] Figure 1 In it, the air inlet chamber (7) is provided with an air inlet (11) and is located at the bottom of the regenerator (1), and the air outlet chamber (10) is provided with an air outlet (12) and is located at the top of the regenerator (1). The air inlet (11) and the air outlet (12) are connected to the external air duct. The air inlet (11) and the air outlet (12) are respectively located on opposite sides of the solid heat storage device. It can effectively balance the gas pressure inside the vertical main air duct, make the gas flow rate and flow velocity through multiple vertical main air ducts as balanced as possible, effectively reduce the temperature gradient, and avoid the situation of too large temperature difference inside the regenerator due to too large flow velocity difference.

[0041] Figure 1 In it, the bottom support frame (14) is located inside the air inlet chamber (7) and supports below the air distributor (5); between the regenerator (1) and the air distributor (5) is the refractory heat-insulating brick (15), and the refractory heat-insulating brick (15) is provided with ventilation holes (16) corresponding one by one to the air distribution holes (6), taking advantage of the lower air inlet temperature to effectively reduce the temperature of the refractory heat-insulating brick and the bottom heat storage brick. In the horizontal channel (2) at the bottom of the regenerator (1), the electric heating wire (13) is not installed, further avoiding the phenomenon of too high bottom temperature. Thus, the service life of the refractory heat-insulating brick and the bottom heat storage brick is effectively improved.

[0042] Figure 2In it, the inner walls of the horizontal channel (2), the vertical air inlet channel (3), and the vertical air outlet channel (4) are coated with a high-temperature heat-conducting coating (18), and the surface of the heating wire (13) is coated with a high-temperature heat-conducting and anti-corrosion coating (19). The high-temperature heat-conducting coating (18) can effectively enhance the ability of the air passage wall surface to absorb infrared radiation and convective heat transfer with the gas, while the high-temperature heat-conducting and anti-corrosion coating (19) can improve the anti-corrosion ability of the heating wire (13) and extend its service life without affecting the heat radiation of the heating wire (13) to the outside.

[0043] Figure 1 and Figure 2 In it, the heat insulation layer (20) completely wraps the regenerator (1), the air inlet chamber (7), and the air outlet chamber (10) to achieve heat preservation and heat storage of the entire regenerator (1).

[0044] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid heat storage device with a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air duct system in space, Characterized in that: It includes a heat storage body (1), a horizontal channel (2), a vertical air inlet channel (3), a vertical air outlet channel (4), a air distributor (5), air distribution holes (6), an air inlet chamber (7), a air guide (8), air guide holes (9), an air outlet chamber (10), an air inlet (11), an air outlet (12), and heating wires (13); Inside the heat storage body (1), there is a horizontal channel (2), as well as a vertical air inlet channel (3) and a vertical air outlet channel (4) orthogonal to it. The vertical air inlet channel (3) is connected to the vertical air outlet channel (4) through the horizontal channel (2); The horizontal channel (2), the vertical air inlet channel (3), and the vertical air outlet channel (4) are multiple corresponding ones, forming a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air duct structure in the heat storage body (1); The air distributor (5) is located at the bottom of the heat storage body (1), and is provided with air distribution holes (6) corresponding to the vertical air inlet channels (3), and only the vertical air inlet channels (3) can be communicated with the air inlet chamber (7); The air guide (8) is located at the top of the heat storage body (1), and is provided with air guide holes (9) corresponding to the vertical air outlet channels (4), and only the vertical air outlet channels (4) can be communicated with the air outlet chamber (10); The air inlet chamber (7) is provided with an air inlet (11), and the air outlet chamber (10) is provided with an air outlet (12). The air inlet (11) and the air outlet (12) are connected to external air duct pipelines; Gas enters the air inlet chamber (7) through the air inlet (11), is distributed through the air distribution holes (6) of the air distributor (5), enters multiple vertical air inlet channels (3) respectively, and then after heat exchange through the corresponding multiple horizontal channels (2) and multiple vertical air outlet channels (4), it is collected into the air outlet chamber (10) through the air guide holes (9) of the air guide (8) respectively, and finally sent out through the air outlet (12); The heating wires (13) are multiple groups and are installed inside the heat storage body (1); The number of the vertical air inlet channels (3) is the same as the number of the vertical air outlet channels (4); The multiple vertical air inlet channels (3) and the multiple vertical air outlet channels (4) are arranged in a staggered manner.

2. The solid heat storage device with a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air duct system in space according to claim 1, Characterized in that: It includes a bottom support frame (14), which is located inside the air inlet chamber (7), supports below the air distributor (5), and there is a refractory insulation brick (15) between the heat storage body (1) and the air distributor (5). The refractory insulation brick (15) is provided with ventilation holes (16) corresponding one by one to the air distribution holes (6).

3. The solid heat storage device with a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air duct system in space according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The air inlet (11) and the air outlet (12) are respectively located on opposite sides of the solid heat storage device.

4. The solid heat storage device with a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air duct system in space according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The multiple groups of electric heating wires (13) are respectively installed in multiple horizontal channels (2), or installed in a heating channel (17) inside the heat storage body (1) that is not connected to the horizontal channel (2), the vertical air inlet channel (3), and the vertical air outlet channel (4).

5. The solid heat storage device with a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air path system according to claim 1, characterized in that: No electric heating wire (13) is installed in the horizontal channel (2) at the bottom of the heat storage body (1).

6. The solid heat storage device with a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air path system according to claim 1, characterized in that: High-temperature heat-conducting paint (18) is provided on the inner walls of the horizontal channel (2), the vertical air inlet channel (3), and the vertical air outlet channel (4).

7. The solid heat storage device with a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air path system according to claim 1, characterized in that: High-temperature heat-conducting and anti-corrosion paint (19) is provided on the surface of the electric heating wire (13).

8. The solid heat storage device with a three-dimensional multi-branch parallel air path system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a heat insulation layer (20) that completely wraps the heat storage body (1), the air inlet chamber (7), and the air outlet chamber (10).

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