Ultrasonic vibration drilling device

Abstract

The present invention provides an ultrasonic vibration drilling device, which includes a turning system, a clamping mechanism, a torsional vibration mechanism, a drilling mechanism and an ultrasonic generator. The turning system includes a bed, a tailstock arranged on the bed, a three-jaw chuck, and a slide box, the slide box is arranged on the bed and connected to the tailstock through a connecting rod; the clamping mechanism includes a Morse taper, a triangular disk mounted on the Morse taper, and three torsional vibration mechanisms are evenly distributed on three peripheral sides of the triangular disk; the torsional vibration mechanism includes a horn, a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet mounted on the horn, the horn is vertically connected to the peripheral side of the triangular disk, and the axis of the horn does not intersect with the axis of the Morse taper; the first end of the Morse taper is connected to the tailstock, and the outer surface of the second end of the Morse taper is mounted with a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the drilling mechanism is connected to the second end, and the drilling mechanism has a drill bit coaxial with the Morse taper and the three-jaw chuck. The present invention can better realize the drilling of the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to an ultrasonic vibration drilling device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical processing, drilling has been used more and more widely as a simple and commonly used processing method. However, some of its own characteristics have also brought defects to the processing quality that cannot be overcome by conventional process conditions, such as poor hole surface processing quality, large coaxiality error, large hole size deviation, large drilling force, high drilling temperature, short tool life, etc. When drilling sticky materials such as stainless steel and titanium alloy, it will be difficult to break chips, resulting in scratches on the workpiece surface. The vibration frequency of ultrasonic vibration drilling is more than 20,000 Hz, and the amplitude is 3-20 microns. It can convert continuous cutting into intermittent cutting. It has essential advantages in overcoming the above-mentioned processing defects and has been widely studied. Therefore, how to design an ultrasonic vibration drilling device to achieve drilling of workpieces has become a technical problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic vibration drilling device to achieve drilling of a workpiece.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] An ultrasonic vibration drilling device, comprising a turning system, a clamping mechanism, a torsional vibration mechanism, a drilling mechanism and an ultrasonic generator, wherein the turning system comprises a bed, a tailstock arranged on the bed, a three-jaw chuck arranged opposite to the tailstock, and a slide box, wherein the slide box is arranged on the bed and connected to the tailstock through a connecting rod; the clamping mechanism comprises a Morse taper and a triangular disk sleeved on the Morse taper, and three torsional vibration mechanisms are evenly distributed on three peripheral side surfaces of the triangular disk; the torsional vibration mechanism comprises an amplitude change rod and a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet sleeved on the amplitude change rod, the amplitude change rod is vertically connected to the peripheral side surface of the triangular disk, and the axis of the amplitude change rod does not intersect with the axis of the Morse taper; the first end of the Morse taper is connected to the tailstock, and a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet is sleeved on the outer surface of the second end of the Morse taper; the drilling mechanism is connected to the second end, and the drilling mechanism has a drill bit that is coaxial with the Morse taper and the three-jaw chuck.

[0006] Preferably, the first end of the Morse cone is a conical structure, the second end of the Morse cone is a round rod with an external thread, the conical structure and the round rod are connected through a cylindrical section, and the diameter of the round rod is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical section; the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet is mounted on the round rod, and the triangular disk is mounted on the cylindrical section.

[0007] Preferably, reinforcing ribs are provided between the triangular plate and the cylindrical section.

[0008] Preferably, the triangular plate and the Morse taper are formed into an integral structure.

[0009] Preferably, the drilling mechanism also includes an elastic clamp, a locking nut, and a connecting tube, one end of the connecting tube is threadedly connected to the round rod, and the outer surface of the other end of the connecting tube is threadedly matched with the locking nut; the drill bit is fixed in the elastic clamp, and the elastic clamp is fixed in the locking nut.

[0010] Preferably, the amplitude transformer is threadedly connected to the peripheral side surface of the triangular plate.

[0011] Preferably, the amplitude transformer comprises a first round rod segment, a conical segment, and a second round rod segment which are connected in sequence; the first round rod segment is threadedly connected to the circumferential side surface of the triangular disk; and the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet is sleeved on the second round rod segment.

[0012] Preferably, the torsional vibration mechanism also includes a circular cover plate and a fastening bolt coaxially arranged with the amplitude transformer, a threaded hole is arranged on the end face of the second round rod segment away from the conical segment, and a through hole corresponding to the threaded hole is arranged on the circular cover plate, and the fastening bolt passes through the through hole and cooperates with the threaded hole.

[0013] Preferably, the three torsional vibration mechanisms are respectively arranged at three corners of the triangular plate.

[0014] Preferably, the number of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheets and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheets is at least two.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] The ultrasonic vibration drilling device of the present invention, when in use, drives the workpiece to rotate through the three-jaw chuck, drives the tailstock close to the workpiece through the slide box, makes the drill bit slightly contact with the workpiece, and then makes the rotation speed of the workpiece reach the set speed, turns on the ultrasonic generator, makes the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet be excited to vibrate axially, and transmits it to the drill bit, at this time the drill bit will also vibrate, but drives the drill bit to gradually penetrate into the workpiece through the slide box until the workpiece is processed, thereby achieving the drilling of the workpiece. At the same time, when the ultrasonic generator of the present invention is turned on, the ultrasonic generator will provide an excitation signal, and the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet on the horn will generate axial vibration after receiving the excitation signal. Since the axes of the three horn rods provided with the first piezoelectric ceramic sheets do not intersect with the axis of the Morse cone, a lever is generated, so that the axial vibration of each first piezoelectric ceramic sheet is collected as the torsional vibration of the drill bit through the triangular plate; and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet will also generate axial vibration after receiving the excitation signal, so that the drill bit will vibrate longitudinally. Moreover, the ultrasonic vibration drilling device of the present invention has multiple working modes, namely: the ultrasonic excitation signal can be provided to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet alone, in which case the longitudinal vibration of the drill bit can be realized; the same set of ultrasonic excitation signals can be provided to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet at the same time, thereby realizing the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration of the drill bit; the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet can also be excited by two different sets of ultrasonic signals respectively, thereby realizing the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration of the drill bit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments, and further describe the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail in conjunction with the drawings, wherein

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an ultrasonic vibration drilling device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the installation of the clamping mechanism, the torsional vibration mechanism, and the drilling mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 An exploded view of the clamping mechanism, torsional vibration mechanism and drilling mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention when they are installed.

[0021] Markings in the accompanying drawings:

[0022] 11. Bed 12. Three-jaw chuck 13. Slide box 14. Tailstock 15. Connecting rod

[0023] 16. tool holder 21. drilling mechanism 22. drill bit 23. elastic chuck 24. locking nut

[0024] 25. connecting tube 31, conical structure 32, cylindrical section 33, round rod 41, triangular plate

[0025] 42, peripheral side surface 43, reinforcing rib 51, first round rod segment 52, conical segment

[0026] 53, second round rod segment 61, first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62, second piezoelectric ceramic sheet

[0027] 71. Round cover 72. Fastening bolts DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the solution will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ultrasonic vibration drilling device, which includes a turning system, a clamping mechanism, a torsional vibration mechanism, a drilling mechanism 21 and an ultrasonic generator. The turning system includes a bed 11, a tailstock 14 arranged on the bed 11, a three-jaw chuck 12 arranged opposite to the tailstock 14, and a slide box 13. The slide box 13 is arranged on the bed and connected to the tailstock 21 through a connecting rod 15; the clamping mechanism includes a Morse taper, a triangular plate 41 mounted on the Morse taper, and the three torsional vibration mechanisms are evenly distributed on the bed. The torsional vibration mechanism comprises a variable amplitude rod and a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 mounted on the variable amplitude rod, the variable amplitude rod is vertically connected to the peripheral side of the triangular plate 41, and the axis of the variable amplitude rod does not intersect with the axis of the Morse cone; the first end of the Morse cone is connected to the tailstock 14, and the second end of the Morse cone is mounted with a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 on the outer surface; the drilling mechanism 21 is connected to the second end, and the drilling mechanism has a drill 22 coaxial with the Morse cone and the three-jaw chuck 12. It can be understood that a tool holder 16 is provided on the slide box 13.

[0030] The ultrasonic vibration drilling device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, when in use, drives the workpiece to rotate through the three-jaw chuck 12, and the slide box 13 drives the tailstock 14 close to the workpiece, so that the drill bit 22 is in slight contact with the workpiece, and then the rotation speed of the workpiece reaches the set speed, and the ultrasonic generator is turned on, so that the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 are stimulated to vibrate axially and transmit it to the drill bit. At this time, the drill bit 22 will also vibrate, but the slide box drives the drill bit 22 to gradually penetrate into the workpiece until the workpiece processing is completed, thereby realizing the drilling of the workpiece. At the same time, when the ultrasonic generator of the present invention is turned on, the ultrasonic generator will provide an excitation signal, and the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 on the horn will generate axial vibration after receiving the excitation signal. Since the axes of the three horn-type horns provided with the first piezoelectric ceramic sheets 61 do not intersect with the axis of the Morse cone, a lever is generated, so that the axial vibrations of each first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 are collected as the torsional vibration of the drill bit through the triangular plate; and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 will also generate axial vibration after receiving the excitation signal, so that the drill bit will vibrate longitudinally. In addition, the ultrasonic vibration drilling device of the present invention has multiple working modes, namely: the ultrasonic excitation signal can be provided to the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 alone, and the longitudinal vibration of the drill bit can be realized at this time; the same set of ultrasonic excitation signals can be provided to the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 at the same time, so as to realize the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration of the drill bit; the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 61 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 can also be excited by two different sets of ultrasonic signals, so as to realize the longitudinal-torsional composite vibration of the drill bit.

[0031] Further, the first end of the Morse cone is a conical structure 31, the second end of the Morse cone is a round rod 33 with external threads, the conical structure and the round rod are connected through a cylindrical section 32, the diameter of the round rod is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical section; the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 62 is sleeved on the round rod, and the triangular plate is sleeved on the cylindrical section. With this solution, the Morse cone is clamped in the tailstock through the conical structure. It can be understood that the end with a larger diameter of the conical structure is connected to one end of the cylindrical section; the conical structure, the cylindrical section and the round rod are coaxial.

[0032] In order to effectively improve the connection strength between the triangular disk 41 and the cylindrical section 32, a reinforcing rib 43 is provided between the triangular disk and the cylindrical section. Preferably, the number of the reinforcing ribs is three, and the three reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed in the circumference of the cylindrical section. Preferably, the triangular disk is an equilateral triangular disk structure.

[0033] Specifically, the triangular disk 41 and the Morse cone are formed into an integrated structure, so that the connection strength between the triangular disk 41 and the Morse cone is relatively large, and it is also convenient to ensure the coaxiality of the triangular disk 41 and the Morse cone. It can be understood that the triangular disk 41 is arranged perpendicular to the Morse cone, and the triangular disk is coaxial with the Morse cone.

[0034] Furthermore, the drilling mechanism 21 also includes an elastic chuck 23, a locking nut 24, and a connecting tube 25. One end of the connecting tube 25 is threadedly connected to the round rod 33, and the outer surface of the other end of the connecting tube 25 is threadedly matched with the locking nut; the drill bit is fixed in the elastic chuck, and the elastic chuck is fixed in the locking nut, so as to conveniently realize the detachable connection between the drill bit and the Morse taper, and also facilitate the replacement and maintenance of the drill bit. It can be understood that the connecting tube can effectively limit the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet mounted on the round rod; the drill bit can be preferably a twist drill.

[0035] In order to facilitate the disassembly of the horn and the triangular plate 41 , the horn is threadedly connected to the peripheral side surface 42 of the triangular plate 41 .

[0036] Specifically, the horn includes a first round rod segment 51, a conical segment 52, and a second round rod segment 53 connected in sequence, wherein the first round rod segment 51 is threadedly connected to the peripheral side surface of the triangular plate; and the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet is sleeved on the second round rod segment. It can be understood that the first round rod segment, the conical segment, and the second round rod segment are coaxially arranged, and the end of the conical segment with a smaller diameter is connected to the first round rod segment, and the end of the conical segment 52 with a larger diameter is connected to the second round rod segment.

[0037] Furthermore, the torsional vibration mechanism also includes a circular cover plate 71 and a fastening bolt 72 coaxially arranged with the amplitude transformer, a threaded hole is arranged on the end face of the second round rod segment away from the conical segment, and a through hole corresponding to the threaded hole is arranged on the circular cover plate 71, and the fastening bolt 72 passes through the through hole and cooperates with the threaded hole. With this solution, the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet mounted on the second round rod segment can be better limited by the arrangement of the circular cover plate, and the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet can be effectively prevented from falling off the second round rod segment. It can be understood that the circular end cover is used to increase the force-bearing area.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the three torsional vibration mechanisms are respectively arranged at the three corners of the triangular plate 41, so that after the first piezoelectric ceramic sheets 61 on the three amplitude transformers receive the ultrasonic excitation signal, the axes of the three amplitude transformers do not intersect with the axis of the Morse cone. At this time, the lever effect will be more obvious, and it will be easier to achieve torsional vibration of the drill bit.

[0039] Specifically, the number of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheets 61 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheets 62 is at least two. The number of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheets 61 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheets 62 can be designed according to the required power. The first piezoelectric ceramic sheets and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheets are both annular sheets.

[0040] The general method for using the ultrasonic vibration drilling device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a starting step and a stopping step;

[0041] The control method of the start-up step is as follows: first, the workpiece is clamped on the three-jaw chuck 12, and the drill is driven to slightly contact the workpiece through the slide box 13, and then the workpiece is rotated to a set speed, the power of the ultrasonic generator is turned on, and the drill is driven to quantitatively feed through the slide box 13, that is, the slide box drives the drill to gradually penetrate into the workpiece;

[0042] The control method of the shutdown step is as follows: first, the drill bit is driven to break contact with the workpiece through the slide box 13, and then the power of the turning system is turned off to stop the rotation of the workpiece, and then the power of the ultrasonic generator is turned off.

[0043] The present invention can realize longitudinal ultrasonic vibration, torsional ultrasonic vibration, and longitudinal-torsional combined ultrasonic vibration of the drill bit. The turning system clamps the workpiece for rotational motion, and the slide box 13 drives the drill bit on the tailstock for quantitative feeding, thereby realizing a multifunctional vibration drilling function, reducing the drilling force and drilling heat, improving the chip breaking effect of the drilling process, and improving the hole processing accuracy and processing quality, especially for difficult-to-process materials.

[0044] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, after reading the contents of the present invention, relevant technical personnel in the field may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic vibration drilling device, characterized in that: It includes a turning system, a clamping mechanism, a torsional vibration mechanism, a drilling mechanism and an ultrasonic generator. The turning system includes a bed, a tailstock arranged on the bed, a three-jaw chuck arranged opposite to the tailstock, and a slide box. The slide box is arranged on the bed and connected to the tailstock through a connecting rod; the clamping mechanism includes a Morse taper and a triangular disk mounted on the Morse taper, and three torsional vibration mechanisms are evenly distributed on three peripheral sides of the triangular disk; the torsional vibration mechanism includes a variable amplitude rod and a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet mounted on the variable amplitude rod, the variable amplitude rod is vertically connected to the peripheral side of the triangular disk, and the axis of the variable amplitude rod does not intersect with the axis of the Morse taper; the first end of the Morse taper is connected to the tailstock, and a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet is mounted on the outer surface of the second end of the Morse taper; the drilling mechanism is connected to the second end, and the drilling mechanism has a drill bit that is coaxial with the Morse taper and the three-jaw chuck; The first end of the Morse cone is a conical structure, the second end of the Morse cone is a round rod with external threads, the conical structure and the round rod are connected through a cylindrical section, the diameter of the round rod is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical section; the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet is mounted on the round rod, and the triangular plate is mounted on the cylindrical section; The amplitude changing rod is threadedly connected to the peripheral side surface of the triangular plate.

2. The ultrasonic vibration drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Reinforcing ribs are arranged between the triangular plate and the cylindrical section.

3. The ultrasonic vibration drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The triangular plate and the Morse taper form an integrated structure.

4. The ultrasonic vibration drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling mechanism also includes an elastic clamp, a locking nut, and a connecting tube. One end of the connecting tube is threadedly connected to the round rod, and the outer surface of the other end of the connecting tube is threadedly matched with the locking nut. The drill bit is fixed in the elastic clamp, and the elastic clamp is fixed in the locking nut.

5. The ultrasonic vibration drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amplitude transformer comprises a first round rod segment, a conical segment and a second round rod segment which are connected in sequence. The first round rod segment is threadedly connected to the peripheral side surface of the triangular plate. The first piezoelectric ceramic sheet is sleeved on the second round rod segment.

6. The ultrasonic vibration drilling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The torsional vibration mechanism also includes a circular cover plate and a fastening bolt coaxially arranged with the amplitude transformer. A threaded hole is arranged on the end surface of the second round rod segment away from the conical segment, and a through hole corresponding to the threaded hole is arranged on the circular cover plate. The fastening bolt passes through the through hole and cooperates with the threaded hole.

7. The ultrasonic vibration drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three torsional vibration mechanisms are respectively arranged at three corners of the triangular plate.

8. The ultrasonic vibration drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The number of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheets and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheets is at least two.

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