Integrated Hybrid-Cooling Chilled Water Module Unit

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit, which includes a small cooling tower housing and a cooling system, a refrigerant circulation system, and functional modules assembled inside the small cooling tower housing; the cooling system includes a fan, a water distributor, a cooling circulation pump, a sprayer, and a cooling water tank, and the refrigerant circulation system includes a small-power compressor, an evaporative condenser heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube immersion condenser, an indoor heat exchanger, and a gas-liquid separator; the functional modules include a liquid storage tank, a dryer filter, and an expansion valve connected in sequence; the cooling water tank is arranged at the upper part inside the small cooling tower housing, and the small-power compressor, the liquid storage tank, the dryer filter, the expansion valve, and the indoor heat exchanger are arranged at the lower part inside the small cooling tower housing; the evaporative condenser heat exchanger is placed above the cooling water in the cooling water tank, and the shell-and-tube immersion condenser is immersed in the cooling water in the cooling water tank; the water distributor is arranged at the bottom inside the cooling water tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of air conditioning equipment, and particularly to a refrigeration module unit or a direct expansion (multi-connected) module unit that highly integrates a cooling system and a refrigeration system, is installed in a small modular manner with multiple units in parallel, and can mix evaporative cooling and water-cooled refrigeration methods. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the mainstream refrigeration and air conditioning units are mainly single-cooling water-cooled chillers and air-cooled chillers. Since water-cooled units are about 30% more energy-efficient than air-cooled chillers and have a significant energy-saving effect, and since chillers generally use screw compressors or centrifugal compressors, and the refrigeration capacity of a single unit ranges from several hundred kilowatts to several thousand kilowatts, water-cooled units can meet the needs of medium and large buildings or building clusters. Water-cooled chillers are the preferred machine types for summer refrigeration and air conditioning, and are widely used in medium and large buildings or building clusters such as factories, office buildings, apartments, hotels, airports, hospitals, schools, etc.

[0003] Although water-cooled chillers have high refrigeration energy efficiency and high refrigeration capacity, they have the following defects: 1. They require a specific machine room. The floor area occupied by the installation of the main unit is at least several hundred square meters and at most thousands of square meters, resulting in a waste of the effective usable area of the building main body. In today's context of tight land resources and increasingly strict real estate regulation, reducing the land area used and improving the utilization rate of buildings is of great significance; in engineering practice, due to indoor space limitations caused by various reasons in some newly built or renovated buildings, it is impossible to install the refrigeration main unit indoors, so an air-cooled unit alternative is adopted, resulting in a significant increase in air-conditioning operation costs. 2. The separation of the cooling tower from the refrigeration main unit causes an overly long cooling circulation pipe network, resulting in an increase in the amount of construction work and construction costs. The machine room of a water-cooled refrigeration unit is generally set in the underground part of the building main body, while the cooling tower is set on the roof of the building main body. The construction of the cooling supply and return water network with a large diameter between the refrigeration main unit in the machine room and the cooling tower is at least dozens of meters and at most hundreds of meters, with high construction difficulty and strong professional requirements for construction. It is also an important factor contributing to the high overall cost of the air-conditioning project. 3. The cooling circulation pump has high power consumption. Due to the large height difference between the refrigeration main unit and the cooling tower, the head of the cooling circulation pump increases under a fixed flow rate, the power of the circulation pump increases, and the energy consumption increases accordingly. In addition, most existing chillers use shell-and-tube heat exchangers. Since the shell side is short, a fast flow rate is required, which results in a large pressure difference between the fluid inlet and outlet, greatly increasing the fluid resistance in the shell, increasing the power of the circulation pump and the energy consumption. 4. Water-cooled chillers generally use high-power screw compressors (single-unit power consumption above 100KW) or centrifugal compressors (single-unit power consumption above 200KW - 1000KW), and the weight of the unit is at least one or two tons and at most several tons. Therefore, the transportation and installation of the unit are difficult. 5. Poor stability. Since the price of a single large chiller is high, a double-head compressor is used to improve the operation stability instead of a one-for-one spare unit, resulting in potential safety hazards during the entire refrigeration operation. When the refrigeration main unit fails, there is no available unit for use, affecting the use. 6. Water-cooled chillers are not easy to maintain, and the maintenance cost is high. 7. The utilization rate of cooling water is low, and a more efficient cooler is needed to improve the utilization rate of water and the cooling efficiency. Since the heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling medium is completely carried out inside the closed shell of the heat exchanger, it is not conducive to the vaporization and evaporation of the cooling medium (water), so the vaporization latent heat evaporation capacity of water is reduced, thereby reducing the cooling effect of water. 8. The cooling water tower has serious water splashing, resulting in a waste of water resources. 9. Water-cooled chillers cause serious noise pollution. The specification requires 45 - 55 decibels, while most chillers are above 100 decibels. Therefore, they are an important noise pollution source in buildings. Noise reduction requires a large amount of additional investment and it is difficult to meet the specification requirements, which not only affects the comfort of building use but also the health of relevant staff.

[0004] There is such an air conditioner on the market currently. It transfers the indoor refrigeration main unit beside the cooling tower on the roof. By building a box that matches the shape of the cooling tower for the refrigeration main unit, the refrigeration main unit, the cooling circulation pump, and the cooling circulation pipeline are integrated to form a cold water unit with an integrated appearance. This design can save the indoor machine room, shorten the extended pipe network between the traditional machine room and the cooling tower, and reduce the head of the cooling pump. However, its essence is just a simple assembly and engineering integration of the outdoor cooling tower and the indoor part of the refrigeration main unit, and still cannot solve the above-mentioned other problems of the existing cold water units. Moreover, due to the increase in the local load on the roof caused by the assembly and engineering integration of the cooling tower and the refrigeration main unit, the roof stress is too concentrated. As a part of the building, the roof machine room requires approval, acceptance and other procedures. Therefore, according to the building code, a special load design is required, otherwise it cannot be installed. In addition, there is a patent for a cold and hot water unit with a plate-tube composite heat exchange type evaporative condenser. It only improves the heat exchange efficiency to a greater extent by changing the heat exchange structure of the coil, but does not involve the highly integrated combination of the cooling system (cooling tower) and the refrigeration system, and the ability to mix evaporative cooling and water-cooled refrigeration methods. Therefore, the above-mentioned other problems in the existing technology still exist. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an integrated hybrid-cooling cold water modular unit, which solves the problems of large cooling water consumption, low heat exchange efficiency of the cold water unit, large area of the water-cooled cold water unit machine room occupying indoor space resulting in waste of building utilization rate, long cooling pipe network and high construction difficulty and increased construction cost caused by the separation of the cooling tower and the cold water unit, difficult transportation, installation and maintenance of large cold water units, high energy consumption of the cooling pump resulting in reduced overall refrigeration efficiency of the unit, large noise of the cold water unit and easy generation of noise pollution.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] Integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit, including a small cooling tower housing and a cooling system, a refrigerant circulation system (refrigeration system), and functional modules assembled inside the small cooling tower housing; the cooling system includes a fan, a water distributor, a cooling circulation pump, a sprayer, and a cooling water tank, and the refrigerant circulation system includes a small-power compressor, an evaporative condenser heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube immersion condenser, an indoor heat exchanger, and a gas-liquid separator; the functional modules include a liquid storage tank, a dryer filter, and an expansion valve connected in sequence; the cooling water tank is arranged at the upper part inside the small cooling tower housing, and the small-power compressor, the liquid storage tank, the dryer filter, the expansion valve, and the indoor heat exchanger are arranged at the lower part inside the small cooling tower housing; the evaporative condenser heat exchanger is placed above the cooling water of the cooling water tank, and the shell-and-tube immersion condenser is immersed in the cooling water of the cooling water tank; the water distributor is arranged at the bottom inside the cooling water tank; the sprayer is arranged above the evaporative condenser heat exchanger for spraying water onto the surface of the evaporative condenser heat exchanger to absorb heat; the fan is arranged at the top of the small cooling tower housing to discharge the refrigerant heat of the evaporative condenser heat exchanger and the shell-and-tube immersion condenser to the outdoor atmosphere in the form of latent heat of vaporization; the evaporative condenser heat exchanger and the shell-and-tube immersion condenser are connected in series, and after the small-power compressor, the evaporative condenser heat exchanger, the shell-and-tube immersion condenser, the functional modules, and the indoor heat exchanger are connected in sequence, they are connected to the small-power compressor via the gas-liquid separator.

[0008] Preferably, the cooling system may further include a cooling filler layer located below the evaporative condenser heat exchanger; the cooling water outside the small cooling tower housing enters the cooling water tank through the water replenishment port, and then passes through the water distributor, the cooling circulation pump, the cooling circulation pipe, the sprayer, the surface of the evaporative condenser heat exchanger and the cooling filler layer, and returns to the cooling water tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the small-power compressor is a scroll compressor or a screw compressor with a power consumption of 5-25KW, having an outlet and a return port; the evaporative condenser heat exchanger and the shell-and-tube immersion condenser are connected in series, and after the outlet of the small-power compressor, the evaporative condenser heat exchanger, the shell-and-tube immersion condenser, the functional modules, and the indoor heat exchanger are connected in sequence, they are connected to the return port of the small-power compressor via the gas-liquid separator.

[0010] Furthermore, the evaporative condenser heat exchanger has M and N interfaces, the shell-and-tube immersion condenser has S and T interfaces, the indoor heat exchanger has P and Q interfaces, the functional modules have U and V interfaces, and the U interface is connected to the V interface through the liquid storage tank, the dryer filter, and the expansion valve in sequence; the outlet of the small-power compressor is connected to the M interface of the evaporative condenser heat exchanger, the N interface of the evaporative condenser heat exchanger is connected to the S interface of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser, the T interface of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser is connected to the V interface of the functional modules, the U interface of the functional modules is connected to the P interface of the indoor heat exchanger, and the Q interface of the indoor heat exchanger is connected to the gas-liquid separator.

[0011] Further, the integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit further includes a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve, and a fourth solenoid valve. The inlet end of the first solenoid valve is connected in parallel with the inlet end of the third solenoid valve and is connected to the outlet of the small-power compressor. The outlet end of the third solenoid valve is connected to the inlet of the evaporative condenser. The inlet ends of the second solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are connected in parallel and are connected to the outlet of the evaporative condenser. The outlet ends of the first solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are connected in parallel and then connected to the inlet of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser. After the outlet end of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser is connected in parallel with the outlet end of the second solenoid valve, it is sequentially connected to the liquid storage tank, the dryer filter, the expansion valve, and the indoor heat exchanger, and then connected to the return port of the small-power compressor through the gas-liquid separator.

[0012] Further, the indoor heat exchanger is externally connected to an indoor chilled water circulation pump. At this time, the integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit is a water-cooled unit. The chilled water is transported to the refrigeration main unit - the indoor heat exchanger through the indoor chilled water circulation pump to produce low-temperature water, achieving the purpose of cooling the indoor environment.

[0013] Further, the indoor heat exchanger can be replaced by an indoor multi-connected unit. At this time, the integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit is a water-cooled multi-connected unit (direct expansion unit). The multi-connected indoor unit includes a refrigerant fin heat exchanger and an indoor fan. The indoor fan makes the air flow through the surface of the refrigerant fin heat exchanger, and the refrigerant directly vaporizes to absorb the heat of the indoor air for cooling, which is used for the refrigeration of the water-cooled multi-connected unit.

[0014] Preferably, the small cooling tower housing includes a top plate, a base, a grille, a front guard plate, side guard plates, and a water separation plate installed above the interior of the guard plates. The bottom of the cooling water tank is provided with a drain valve and a drain port. The upper side of the cooling water tank is provided with an overflow port. The drain port is connected to the lower part of the front guard plate. The middle part of the front guard plate of the small cooling tower housing is provided with a water replenishment port and a float valve. The external cooling water enters through the water replenishment port, and the float valve switch automatically replenishes water into the cooling water tank when needed. The lower part of the front guard plate of the small cooling tower housing is provided with an external chilled water outlet and a chilled water inlet, which are respectively communicated with the chilled water inlet and outlet of the indoor heat exchanger. The lower part of the side guard plate of the small cooling tower housing is provided with a control cabinet to control the electrical switches of the integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit.

[0015] Preferably, the tube immersion condenser includes a refrigerant collection box, U-shaped refrigerant tubes, a bracket, a baffle, a refrigerant inlet pipe, and a refrigerant outlet pipe. The refrigerant collection box is composed of a bottom cover, a top cover, and an upper and lower cavity isolation grid. The length and width dimensions of the bottom cover and the top cover match each other and are both provided with flange plates of the same size on the outside. The flange plates are provided with a number of screw holes with matching sizes and positions. A number of tube holes are provided in the middle of the bottom cover. The protruding part in the middle of the top cover is a box-shaped end cover. The top cover and the bottom cover are screwed and fastened together by bolts passing through the screw holes to form a cavity for refrigerant collection. The upper and lower cavity isolation grid is vertically fixed inside the end cover along the length direction of the bottom cover and the top cover. A corresponding upper and lower cavity isolation groove is provided in the middle of the bottom cover. The upper and lower cavity isolation grid is inserted into the upper and lower cavity isolation groove to divide the refrigerant collection box into a refrigerant upper cavity and a refrigerant lower cavity that are each enclosed. A collection box refrigerant inlet and a collection box refrigerant outlet are respectively provided above the left side and below the right side of the end cover. The refrigerant inlet pipe extends to the middle of the refrigerant upper cavity through the collection box refrigerant inlet, facilitating the uniform distribution of the refrigerant in the U-shaped refrigerant tubes to achieve a sufficient condensation and liquefaction effect. The refrigerant outlet pipe is connected to the collection box refrigerant outlet located at the bottom of the refrigerant lower cavity, facilitating the liquid outflow of the refrigerant and preventing liquid accumulation, and improving the utilization efficiency of the refrigerant. The U-shaped refrigerant tubes are in several groups, with several tubes in each group. Each U-shaped refrigerant tube includes two straight tubes that are parallel to each other and have the same length and an arc tube connected to the ends of the straight tubes. The distances between the two straight tubes of each U-shaped refrigerant tube are different and increase step by step. The ends of the straight tubes away from the arc tube are respectively vertically connected to two longitudinally symmetrically arranged tube holes on the bottom cover by threads. Each group of U-shaped refrigerant tubes is in a longitudinal plane and is parallel to the planes of other groups of U-shaped refrigerant tubes. The bracket includes a hole plate, a support plate, and a connecting plate. The hole plate is several plates arranged parallel to the bottom cover, with its length and width dimensions matching those of the bottom cover, and fixed columns are provided at the lower end. The outside of the hole plate is provided with an outer edge with the same size as the flange plate of the bottom cover, and tube fixing holes with the same size and position as the tube holes are provided in the middle. The U-shaped refrigerant tubes pass through them. Support plates perpendicular to each other are provided between the hole plates to play a role in supporting and fixing. The connecting plate is provided between the bottom cover and its nearest hole plate to play a role in connecting and fixing. The baffle is a flat plate with an S-shaped cross-section on the side, including an upper cross-section, a lower cross-section, a concave part, and a convex part. Its concave part and convex part are smoothly transitioned to form an S-shaped wave, and a number of baffle tube holes with sizes and positions matching the U-shaped refrigerant tubes are evenly provided in the middle. The baffle is coupled with several groups of U-shaped refrigerant tubes through the baffle tube holes to form a tight tube plate structure. The S-shaped wave of the side cross-section of the baffle is arranged from top to bottom, so that the isothermal water in the cooling water tank flows vertically downward and the residence time in the tube area is extended, thereby achieving the effects of uniform heat exchange and sufficient heat exchange.

[0016] The tube-in-tube immersion condenser can be replaced by a second tube-in-tube immersion condenser (or called a header-type tube-in-tube immersion condenser), which includes a U-shaped refrigerant tube, a bracket, a baffle, a refrigerant inlet pipe, a refrigerant outlet pipe, a refrigerant upper header, and a refrigerant lower header. The bracket includes a perforated plate and a support plate. The perforated plate is a plurality of parallel plates, and a fixed column is provided at the lower end thereof. The middle of the perforated plate is provided with a tube fixing hole that is consistent with the size and position of the U-shaped refrigerant tube, and the U-shaped refrigerant tube is passed through it. A support plate vertically connected thereto is provided to play a supporting and fixing role; the refrigerant upper header and the refrigerant lower header are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends in front of the frontmost orifice plate along the horizontal direction of the length, the left end of the refrigerant upper header is connected to the refrigerant inlet pipe, and the right end of the refrigerant lower header is connected to the refrigerant outlet pipe; the U-shaped refrigerant tubes are divided into several groups, each group has several tubes, and one end of each U-shaped refrigerant tube is led out from a certain position in the length direction of the refrigerant upper header, passes through a group of corresponding tube fixing holes on several orifice plates, so as to The straight tube enters the bracket, and after its end is bent into an arc tube, it passes through another group of tube fixing holes on the orifice plate in the form of another straight tube, and the other end after being led out is connected to the corresponding position in the length direction of the refrigerant lower header; the spacing between the two straight tubes of each U-shaped refrigerant tube is different and increases step by step; each group of U-shaped refrigerant tubes is in a longitudinal plane, parallel to the plane of the other groups of U-shaped refrigerant tubes; the deflector is a flat plate with an S-shaped side section, including an upper section The surface, lower section, concave part and convex part are smoothly transitioned to form an S-shaped wave, and a number of baffle tube holes of sizes and positions matching the U-shaped refrigerant tubes are evenly arranged in the middle. The baffle is coupled with a number of groups of U-shaped refrigerant tubes through the baffle tube holes to form a tight tube sheet structure; the S-shaped lateral section of the baffle is set from top to bottom, so that the stratospheric water in the cooling water tank flows vertically downward and prolongs the retention time in the tube area, thereby achieving the effect of uniform heat exchange and sufficient heat exchange. Compared with the tube immersion condenser, the second tube immersion water-cooled condenser omits the refrigerant manifold and the connecting plate between the refrigerant manifold and the bracket, and replaces the refrigerant manifold with the refrigerant upper header and the refrigerant lower header, which has the characteristics of simple structure and low cost.

[0017] The above two types of shell and tube immersion condensers can ensure sufficient heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling water in the tubes. At the same time, they can also release part of the latent heat of vaporization generated by the heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling water through the water surface of the cooling water tank, thereby achieving an effect that the shell and tube heat exchanger cannot achieve. The latent heat of vaporization of water is used to increase the heat exchange rate per unit water, thereby making the heat exchange efficiency higher than that of the shell and tube type; and the shell and tube immersion heat exchanger is easier to clean and maintain.

[0018] Preferably, an H-shaped parallel multi-stage water distributor is adopted in the cooling water tank, which includes a main water distribution pipe, multi-stage sub-water pipes and a number of water distribution heads that are interconnected. Each stage of the lower sub-water pipe is vertically connected to its upper-stage sub-water pipe to form a multi-stage H shape. A number of water distribution heads are distributed at both ends of the last-stage sub-water pipe, finally realizing that each water distribution head is on the same horizontal plane, and each adjacent water distribution head is arranged at equal intervals, thereby forming a uniform water distribution head array. The other end of the main water distribution pipe is connected to the cooling circulation pump. The cooling water heated through heat exchange in the cooling water tank enters the multi-stage sub-water pipes and the main water distribution pipe through the uniformly distributed water distribution heads, and finally enters the cooling circulation pump and the sprayer through the cooling pump guide pipe to enter the next cooling cycle. The use of the H-shaped parallel multi-stage water distributor can make the low-temperature cooling water cooled on the surface of the cooling water tank move downward in the vertical direction on the same horizontal plane, ensuring that the low-temperature cooling water exchanges heat layer by layer with the refrigerant tubes downward. As the refrigerant in the tubes is cooled, the temperature of the cooling water gradually rises. Through the setting of the H-shaped parallel multi-stage water distributor, the heated cooling water can effectively prevent the disordered heat exchange between the cooling water and the refrigerant tubes, ensuring that the low-temperature cooling water vertically stratifies and flows through each layer of tubes on the same horizontal plane, thereby improving the cooling effect of the cooling water and the cooling efficiency of the refrigerant. According to Q absorption = V flow rate * S cross-sectional area * ρ density * △T temperature difference * C specific heat capacity; where V flow rate * S cross-sectional area is a constant value, ρ density and C specific heat capacity are constants. Since the cross-sectional area of the open cooling water tank is hundreds of times that of the cooling circulation pipe, the cooling water flow rate V flow rate decreases, and thus the residence time of the cooling water in the tank is extended.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The present invention integrates the refrigeration system into a small modular cooling tower to form an integrated unit with a highly integrated refrigeration system and cooling system; by using a scroll compressor or a small-power screw compressor, the unit is miniaturized. After miniaturization and modularization, the power consumption is 5KW - 40KW, and the single-unit weight is reduced to less than 0.5 tons, which facilitates the installation and transportation of the unit; in particular, an efficient evaporation condensation and tube immersion water-cooled condensation secondary condensation heat exchange method is adopted, enabling more sufficient refrigerant heat exchange and higher unit efficiency; after the highly integrated refrigeration system and cooling system, the refrigerant circulation system is built into the outdoor cooling tower, eliminating the traditional indoor machine room; the integrated unit eliminates the laying of cooling pipe networks in the traditional chiller project, reducing the construction volume and construction difficulty; the built-in cooling water circulation system has a lower head and a lower power of the cooling circulation pump. The efficient evaporative cooler and tube immersion condenser perform secondary condensation heat exchange, increasing the evaporation amount of cooling water, reducing the cooling water circulation volume, and further reducing the power consumption of the cooling circulation pump; the refined spray water distribution and the small-flow cooling water circulation reduce the fan speed, maximizing the avoidance of "water splashing" and "water drifting" phenomena and saving water; through the optimization of each component and system, the unit of the present invention has a higher integration level, lower noise, and higher comprehensive efficiency. The present invention creates a new type of air conditioner: an integrated hybrid-cooling chiller (direct expansion) modular unit, which decomposes a traditional single large-power chiller into multiple small-power units to meet the supply, will change the category pattern of water-cooled and air-cooled chiller units, form a third pole of central air conditioners - an integrated water-cooled modular unit, and will surely provide more choices for engineering practice, and fundamentally solve the following problems of traditional screw chillers and centrifugal chillers:

[0020] 1. Bulky (weighing several tons), inconvenient for installation and transportation. Since the present invention uses a scroll compressor or a small-power screw compressor to miniaturize and modularize a large chiller (with a power consumption of 5KW - 40KW), the single-unit weight is reduced to less than 0.5 tons, which facilitates the installation and transportation of the unit.

[0021] 2. The reduction of building utilization rate and space waste caused by the refrigeration machine room occupying the main building space. The small modular unit can be installed on the roof of the building without a dedicated machine room, thus saving indoor space and increasing the utilization rate of the main building.

[0022] 3. Few units are equipped, with poor stability and difficult maintenance. The modular units operate simultaneously as backups for each other. The repair and maintenance of individual units do not affect the overall operation and use, improving the operation stability of the entire air-conditioning system.

[0023] 4. The high elevation difference between the cooling tower and the refrigeration host and the excessive length of the cooling pipe network result in an increase in the frictional resistance along the way. A high-head circulation pump is used, leading to high power consumption. The shell-and-tube (double-pipe) heat exchanger has a relatively large resistance, and the energy consumption of the circulation pump is high. If the cooling tower and the refrigeration host are placed on a nearly same plane, it will obviously greatly reduce the lift and the frictional resistance along the way, reducing the power consumption of the circulation pump by 50%-70%. Most existing water chillers use shell-and-tube heat exchangers. Since the shell side is short, a high flow rate is required, which results in a large pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the fluid, greatly increasing the fluid resistance, increasing the power of the circulation pump and the energy consumption. The modular unit uses a tube-in-tube open condenser, which can effectively reduce the resistance of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the traditional water chiller, thereby reducing the power of the circulation pump.

[0024] 5. The construction volume of the pipe network is large, the construction cost is high, and the construction difficulty is high. The modular water chiller combines the cooling tower and the host. Although it will increase the total cost of the host, the industrialized production and scale advantages can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost per unit. This transfer of downstream costs to the upstream, namely "cost front-loading", can facilitate the construction of engineering companies, reduce the construction difficulty, and is conducive to the promotion of equipment.

[0025] 6. In particular, replacing the commonly used shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the water-cooled unit with an immersion tube-in-tube heat exchanger can not only ensure full heat exchange between the refrigerant in the tube and the cooling water. Compared with the shell-and-tube (double-pipe) closed heat exchanger, the spiral tube immersion heat exchanger increases the heat transfer amount of the latent heat of vaporization. At the same time, it can also make a part of the latent heat of vaporization generated by the heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling water be released through the water surface of the water tank, thus achieving an effect that the shell-and-tube heat exchanger cannot reach. Utilizing the latent heat of vaporization of water increases the heat transfer amount per unit mass of water, thereby making the heat exchange efficiency higher than that of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Thus, the cooling effect is improved, and the system operation efficiency is higher.

[0026] 7. And the immersion tube-in-tube condenser is more convenient for cleaning and maintenance.

[0027] 8. Loud noise. In civil buildings, the central air conditioner is the largest noise source. To solve the noise pollution, it is necessary to carry out professional and systematic anti-pollution treatment on the air-conditioning machine room, which increases the construction cost and requires round-the-clock professional personnel on duty, increasing the operating cost. After installing the product of the present invention modularly, since the unit is placed on the roof of a high-rise building, only standard installation is required, without special noise reduction treatment, and the noise of the unit is below 65 dB(A), fully meeting the national standard, which can fundamentally solve the noise pollution problem. And the host runs fully automatically without the need for special personnel on duty, thus reducing the construction and use costs.

[0028] 9. Severe waste of cooling water. The sources of cooling water consumption are three aspects: the evaporation consumption of cooling water, the sewage discharge consumption, and "flying water". Among them, "flying water" belongs to unbeneficial consumption. Since the heat transfer process of the refrigerant is directly or indirectly discharged into the atmosphere with the assistance of a fan, the larger the cooling water circulation volume, the larger the spraying volume, and the higher the air circulation volume and wind speed, the more water is carried away by the fan from the spraying water, thus causing waste. Due to the open-tube heat exchanger of the unit of the present invention, the heat exchange process between the cooling water and the refrigerant is realized through the latent heat of evaporation and the sensible heat of convective heat transfer, thereby effectively reducing the cooling water circulation volume, and further reducing the "flying water" phenomenon. And because the evaporation amount of the latent heat of vaporization increases and the heat exchange amount increases, appropriately reducing the fan wind speed can completely achieve the result of discharging heat into the atmosphere, maximizing the solution to the flying water phenomenon and achieving the purpose of water conservation.

[0029] 10. Particularly, an H-type multi-stage water distributor is adopted in the cooling water tank, which can make the cooling water in the cooling water tank move vertically (piston movement) according to the horizontal isothermal layer formed due to different water temperatures, preventing the disordered heat exchange of the cooling water, thereby maximizing the cooling efficiency of the water.

[0030] 11. Particularly, adding a more efficient evaporative condenser can further increase the evaporation amount of the latent heat of vaporization. Through a two-stage (primary evaporation condensation, secondary water condensation) high-efficiency condensation and cooling process, the refrigeration efficiency of this unit is higher than that of a water-cooled chiller. At the same time, two high-efficiency condensers are adopted to make full use of the three-dimensional space of the unit. Through the optimized combination of the two heat exchangers, the modular unit structure can be made more reasonable and the volume can be minimized.

[0031] 12. Particularly, since the two-stage high-efficiency condensation method increases the evaporation amount of the latent heat of vaporization of the cooling water, and then improves the cooling efficiency of the cooling water, the circulation volume of the cooling water can be effectively reduced, and the power consumption of the fan is correspondingly reduced. The reduction of the air volume and wind speed reduces the flying water and drifting water volume of the cooling tower, thereby achieving the purpose of water conservation.

[0032] 13. It can realize the hybrid cooling refrigeration mode, water-cooled refrigeration mode, and evaporative cooling refrigeration mode. According to the refrigeration capacity requirement, multiple condensation modes can be adopted to make the unit always operate in the best working state and achieve the most energy-saving operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the first embodiment of the integrated hybrid cooling water module unit of the present invention (excluding the solenoid valve).

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the second embodiment of the integrated hybrid cooling water module unit of the present invention (including the solenoid valve).

[0035] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the hybrid cooling refrigeration mode of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 It is the flowchart of the single evaporative cooling refrigeration mode in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 It is the flowchart of the single water-cooled refrigeration mode in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 It is the schematic diagram of the principle of the third embodiment of the integrated hybrid-cooling water chiller unit of the present invention (multi-connected unit, including solenoid valves).

[0039] Figure 7 It is the schematic diagram of the side sectional structure of the second embodiment of the integrated hybrid-cooling water chiller unit of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 It is the schematic diagram of the side structure of the third embodiment (multi-connected unit) of the integrated hybrid-cooling water chiller unit of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 It is the schematic diagram of the front sectional structure of the first or second embodiment of the integrated hybrid-cooling water chiller unit of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 10 It is the top view of the first or second embodiment of the integrated hybrid-cooling water chiller unit of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 11 It is the schematic diagram of the top sectional structure of the first or second embodiment of the integrated hybrid-cooling water chiller unit of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 12 It is the overall assembly side view of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser in the present invention.

[0045] Figure 13 It is the assembly side view of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser in the present invention (the tubes and baffle plates are not drawn).

[0046] Figure 14 It is the assembly top view of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser in the present invention (the tubes and baffle plates are not drawn).

[0047] Figure 15 It is the front view of the orifice plate of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser in the present invention.

[0048] Figure 16 It is the front view of the bottom cover of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser in the present invention.

[0049] Figure 17 It is the front view of the top cover of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser in the present invention.

[0050] Figure 18 It is the internal sectional view of the top cover of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser in the present invention.

[0051] Figure 19 It is the top view of the top cover of the tube-sheet immersion condenser in the present invention.

[0052] Figure 20 It is the side view of the top cover of the tube-sheet immersion condenser in the present invention.

[0053] Figure 21 It is the side sectional view of the top cover of the tube-sheet immersion condenser in the present invention.

[0054] Figure 22 It is the front view of the second tube-sheet immersion condenser (header tube-sheet immersion condenser) in the present invention.

[0055] Figure 23 It is the side view of the second tube-sheet immersion condenser (header tube-sheet immersion condenser) in the invention (the tubes and baffle plates on the back of the orifice plate are not drawn).

[0056] Figure 24 It is the partial front view of the baffle plate in the present invention.

[0057] Figure 25 It is the side view of the baffle plate in the present invention.

[0058] Figure 26 It is the partial top view of the baffle plate in the present invention.

[0059] Figure 27 It is the schematic top view structure of the H-type multi-stage water distributor in the present invention.

[0060] Wherein: R1 is a small power compressor; 11 is an outlet; 12 is a return port; R2 is an evaporative cooling heat exchanger; 21 is an evaporative cooling refrigerant gas header; 22 is an evaporative cooling refrigerant liquid header; R3 is a shell-and-tube immersion condenser; 30 is a refrigerant collection tank; 31 is a water-cooled refrigerant gas header; 32 is a water-cooled refrigerant liquid header; 33 is a support; 34 is a U-shaped refrigerant tube; 35 is a baffle tube; 30a is a bottom cover; 30b is a top cover; 30c is an upper and lower cavity isolation grid; 30d is an upper and lower cavity isolation groove; 300 is a flange plate; 301 is a screw hole; 302 is a U-shaped refrigerant tube hole; 303 is an end cover; 304 is a refrigerant upper cavity; 305 is a refrigerant lower cavity; 306 is a refrigerant inlet; 307 is a refrigerant outlet; 330 is an orifice plate; 331 is a support plate; 332 is a connecting plate; 3301 is a fixed column; 3302 is an outer edge; 3303 is a tube fixing hole; 35 is a baffle plate; R4 is a liquid storage tank; R5 is a dryer filter; R6 is an expansion valve; R7 is an indoor heat exchanger; R71 is an indoor freezing circulation pump; R7a is an indoor multi-connected unit; R8 is a gas-liquid separator; F1 is a first solenoid valve; F2 is a second solenoid valve; F3 is a third solenoid valve; F4 is a fourth solenoid valve; C1 is a cooling circulation pump; C2 is a sprayer; C3 is a water distributor; C4 is a fan; C5 is a small cooling tower housing; C6 is a cooling water tank; C7 is a cooling filler layer; 51 is a top plate; 52 is a base; 53 is a grille; 54 is a front guard plate; 55 is a side guard plate; 56 is a water separation plate; 57 is a control cabinet; 61 is a sewage discharge valve; 62 is a sewage discharge port; 61 is a sewage discharge valve; 62 is a sewage discharge port; 63 is an overflow port; 541 is a water replenishment port; 542 is a float valve; 543 is a chilled water outlet; 544 is a chilled water inlet; C300 is a water distributor main pipe; C301 is a primary sub-water pipe; C302 is a secondary sub-water pipe; C303 is a tertiary sub-water pipe; C304 is a quaternary sub-water pipe; C305 is a quinary sub-water pipe; C306 is a senary sub-water pipe; C307 is a water distribution head. Detailed implementation mode

[0061] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the specific implementation mode.

[0062] As Figure 1 shown is a schematic diagram of the principle of the first embodiment of the integrated hybrid cooling chilled water module unit of the present invention (water-cooled unit, without solenoid valves):

[0063] Integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit, including an integrated cooling system and a refrigerant circulation system. The cooling system includes a small cooling tower housing C5, a fan C4, a water distributor C3, a cooling circulation pump C1, a sprayer C2, and a cooling water tank C6. The refrigerant circulation system includes a low-power compressor R1, an evaporative condenser heat exchanger R2, a shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3, a liquid storage tank R4, a dryer filter R5, an expansion valve R6, an indoor heat exchanger R7, and a gas-liquid separator R8. The evaporative condenser heat exchanger R2 and the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3 are connected in series. After the low-power compressor R1, the evaporative condenser heat exchanger R2, the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3, the liquid storage tank R4, the dryer filter R5, the expansion valve R6, and the indoor heat exchanger R7 are connected in sequence, they are connected to the low-power compressor R1 through the gas-liquid separator R8. The cooling system may further include a cooling filler layer C7 located below the evaporative condenser heat exchanger R2. The cooling water outside the small cooling tower housing C5 enters the cooling water tank C6 through the make-up water port, and then passes through the water distributor C3, the cooling circulation pump C1, the cooling circulation pipe, the sprayer C2, the surface of the evaporative condenser heat exchanger R2, and the cooling filler layer C7, and then returns to the cooling water tank C6.

[0064] The low-power compressor R1 is a scroll compressor or a screw compressor with a power consumption of 5 - 25KW, and has an outlet 11 and a return port 12. The evaporative condenser heat exchanger R2 and the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3 are connected in series. After the outlet of the low-power compressor R1, the evaporative condenser heat exchanger R2, the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3, the liquid storage tank R4, the dryer filter R5, the expansion valve R6, and the indoor heat exchanger R7 are connected in sequence, they are connected to the return port of the low-power compressor R1 through the gas-liquid separator R8.

[0065] The evaporative condenser heat exchanger R2 has M and N interfaces, the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3 has S and T interfaces, the indoor heat exchanger R7 has P and Q interfaces, and the functional module has U and V interfaces. The U interface is connected to the V interface through the liquid storage tank R4, the dryer filter R5, and the expansion valve R6 in sequence. The outlet of the low-power compressor R1 is connected to the M interface of the evaporative condenser heat exchanger R2, the N interface of the evaporative condenser heat exchanger R2 is connected to the S interface of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3, the T interface of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3 is connected to the V interface of the functional module, the U interface of the functional module is connected to the P interface of the indoor heat exchanger R7, and the Q interface of the indoor heat exchanger R7 is connected to the gas-liquid separator R8.

[0066] The low-power compressor R1 is a scroll compressor or a screw compressor with a power consumption of 5 - 25KW.

[0067] The indoor heat exchanger 7R is externally connected to an indoor chilled water circulation pump 71R. At this time, the integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water module unit is a water-cooled unit, which is the case described in the first embodiment. Chilled water is transported to the refrigeration host (indoor heat exchanger 7R) by the indoor chilled water circulation pump 71R to produce low-temperature water, achieving the purpose of cooling the indoor environment.

[0068] Figure 2 As shown in the second embodiment, the integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water module unit further includes a first solenoid valve F1, a second solenoid valve F2, a third solenoid valve F3, and a fourth solenoid valve F4. The inlet end of the first solenoid valve F1 is connected in parallel with the inlet end of the third solenoid valve F3 and is connected to the outlet of the small-power compressor R1. The outlet end of the third solenoid valve F3 is connected to the inlet of the evaporative condenser heat exchanger R2. The inlet ends of the second solenoid valve F2 and the fourth solenoid valve F4 are connected in parallel and are connected to the outlet of the evaporative condenser heat exchanger R2. The outlet ends of the first solenoid valve F1 and the fourth solenoid valve F4 are connected in parallel and then connected to the inlet of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3. After the outlet of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3 is connected in parallel with the outlet of the second solenoid valve F2, it is sequentially connected to the liquid storage tank R4, the dryer filter R5, the expansion valve R6, the indoor heat exchanger R7, and then connected to the return port of the small-power compressor R1 through the gas-liquid separator R8.

[0069] Figure 3 This is the flow chart of the hybrid-cooling refrigeration mode in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] In this mode, the first solenoid valve F1 and the second solenoid valve F2 are closed; the third solenoid valve F3 and the fourth solenoid valve F4 are open.

[0071] The cooling circulation pump C1 is turned on, and the fan C4 starts. External cooling water enters from the water replenishment port 541 and automatically replenishes the cooling water tank C6 through the float valve 542 switch when needed; then it flows back to the cooling water tank C6 through the water distributor C3, the cooling circulation pump C1, the cooling circulation pipe, the sprayer C2, and the surface of the evaporative cooler heat exchanger R2. The detailed process of the cooling water circulation is as follows: The circulating water at a higher temperature is transported to the sprayer C2 through the cooling pipeline under the action of the cooling circulation pump C1. The cooling water at a higher temperature is evenly sprayed on the surface of the evaporative cooler heat exchanger R2 arranged below the nozzles through each evenly distributed nozzle of the sprayer C2. A water film is formed on the surface of the evaporative cooler heat exchanger R2. Since the surface temperature of the evaporative cooler heat exchanger R2 is about 90 °C, the cooling water will quickly vaporize and evaporate, thereby directly taking away a large amount of refrigerant heat. The cooling water that has not been vaporized exchanges heat with the evaporative cooler heat exchanger R2 through convection and heats up, and then drips onto the upper part of the lower cooling packing layer C7. The cooling circulating water forms a thin water film from top to bottom along the surface of the cooling packing layer C7 under the action of gravity. Since the temperature of the cooling water is higher than the ambient temperature, the water vapor on the surface of the water film is in a supersaturated state and forms atomization. The atomized water vapor is discharged under the action of the fan C4, and the heat in the cooling water is transferred to the atmosphere in the form of latent heat. The water that has not been vaporized exchanges heat with the cooling packing layer C7 through convection and exchanges heat with the air through radiation. The circulating water gradually cools down from top to bottom, and finally all the heat is discharged to the atmosphere through the fan C4. The circulating water at a lower temperature after cooling evenly drips onto the upper surface of the cooling water tank C6 along the bottom surface of the cooling packing layer C7. In this process, the cooling packing layer C7 plays a dual role of cooling and water distribution. The cooling water at a lower temperature forms a downward traction force under the action of its own gravity flow and the cooling circulation pump C1. Due to the presence of the water distributor C3, the entire water layer presents a movement state similar to a "piston" vertically downward in a plane, thus ensuring that the cooling water exchanges heat with a gradient from top to bottom, avoiding the occurrence of uneven and insufficient heat exchange of the cooling water caused by disordered heat exchange, and thus ensuring the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling water.

[0072] The refrigerant system circulation process is as follows: The small-power compressor R1 is powered on and operates. High-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is sprayed from its outlet 11 through the third solenoid valve F3 and enters the evaporative cooler refrigerant gas header 21 at the inlet end of the evaporative cooler heat exchanger R2. The refrigerant vapor exchanges heat with the cooling water on the surface of the evaporative cooler heat exchanger R2 and is cooled. The refrigerant vapor is initially cooled and liquefied. The cooling water vaporizes and evaporates after exchanging heat with the refrigerant vapor in the evaporative cooler heat exchanger R2. Part of the cooling water changes from liquid to gas state, and the refrigerant heat is discharged to the outdoor atmosphere through the fan C4 in the form of the latent heat of vaporization of water; The initially condensed and liquefied high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows out through the evaporative cooler refrigerant liquid header 22 of the evaporative cooler heat exchanger R2 and then through the outlet end (see attachment Figure 11) It then enters the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3 through the fourth solenoid valve F4 (the specific structure and principle will be introduced in detail later). The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor exchanges heat with the cooling water in the outer cooling water tank of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3 for the second time to reduce the temperature. Part of the refrigerant heat is transferred to the cooling water through the refrigerant tubes, and the other part is discharged into the outdoor atmosphere through the vaporization of the cooling water by the fan C4. After two condensations, the refrigerant becomes a high-pressure and low-temperature liquid refrigerant, which flows out from the outlet end of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3, passes through the liquid storage tank R4, the drying filter R5, and the expansion valve R6 for throttling and pressure reduction, and then the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid and enters the indoor heat exchanger R7. The indoor circulating water (cooling medium) releases heat and is frozen into chilled water, which flows back under the action of the indoor chilled water circulation pump R71 for use at the air-conditioning terminal indoors. At this time, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant exchanges heat with the indoor circulating water (cooling medium) flowing through the other side of this indoor heat exchanger R7 at the same time. The liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and vaporizes into refrigerant vapor, which flows through the outlet end of the indoor heat exchanger R7, passes through the gas-liquid separator R8, and then returns to the small-power compressor R1 through the return port 12 for compression and enters the next cycle.

[0073] When the first solenoid valve F1 and the fourth solenoid valve F4 are closed, and the second solenoid valve F2 and the third solenoid valve F3 are opened, the refrigerant flows through the evaporative condenser heat exchanger R2 to achieve refrigeration in a single evaporation-condensation heat exchange mode, as Figure 4 shown in the single evaporation refrigeration mode flow chart.

[0074] When the first solenoid valve F1 is opened, and the third solenoid valve F3, the second solenoid valve F2, and the fourth solenoid valve F4 are closed, the refrigerant flows through the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3 to achieve refrigeration in a single water condensation heat exchange mode, as Figure 5 shown in the single water-cooled refrigeration mode flow chart.

[0075] Embodiment 3 is as Figure 6 shown. The indoor heat exchanger 7R is replaced with an indoor multi-connected unit 7Ra. At this time, the integrated hybrid-cooling chiller module unit is a water-cooled multi-connected unit (direct expansion unit). The multi-connected indoor unit 7Ra includes a refrigerant fin heat exchanger and an indoor fan. The indoor fan makes the air flow through the surface of the refrigerant fin heat exchanger, and the refrigerant directly vaporizes to absorb the heat of the indoor air and reduce the temperature for the refrigeration of the water-cooled multi-connected unit. At this time, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters each refrigerant fin heat exchanger, and under the action of each indoor fan, it exchanges heat with the indoor air flowing through the surface of each refrigerant fin heat exchanger at the same time. The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat of the air and vaporizes into refrigerant vapor. The indoor air is frozen and the temperature is reduced. The vaporized and heated low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor flows through the outlet end of the indoor multi-connected unit 7Ra, passes through the gas-liquid separator R8, and then returns to the small-power compressor R1 for compression and enters the next cycle.

[0076] Furthermore, as Figures 7 - 11The following is a schematic structural diagram of the integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit of the present invention:

[0077] The small cooling tower housing C5 includes a top plate 51, a base 52, a grille 53, a front guard plate 54, side guard plates 55, and a water separation plate 56 installed above the interior of the guard plates; a sewage valve 61 and a sewage outlet 62 are provided at the bottom of the cooling water tank C6, an overflow port 63 is provided at the upper side edge of the cooling water tank C6, and the sewage outlet 62 is connected to the lower part of the front guard plate 54; a water replenishment port 541 and a float valve 542 are provided in the middle of the front guard plate 54 of the small cooling tower housing C5, and the cooling water tank C6 is automatically replenished with water through the on-off of the float valve 542; a chilled water outlet 543 and a chilled water inlet 544 outside are provided at the lower part of the front guard plate 54 of the small cooling tower housing C5, and are respectively communicated with the chilled water inlet and outlet of the indoor heat exchanger R7; a control cabinet 57 is provided at the lower part of the side guard plate 55 of the small cooling tower housing C5 to control the electrical switches of the integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit.

[0078] The cooling water tank C6 is arranged at the upper part inside the small cooling tower housing C5, and the small-power compressor R1, the liquid storage tank R4, the dryer filter R5, the expansion valve R6, and the indoor heat exchanger R7 are arranged at the lower part inside the small cooling tower housing C5; the evaporative cooling heat exchanger R2 is placed above the cooling water of the cooling water tank C6, and the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3 is immersed in the cooling water of the cooling water tank C6; the water distributor C3 is arranged at the bottom inside the cooling water tank, and the cooling water outside the small cooling tower housing C5 enters from the water replenishment port and is automatically replenished into the cooling water tank as needed through the on-off of the float valve; then it passes through the water distributor C3, the cooling circulation pump C1, the cooling circulation pipe, the sprayer C2, and the surface of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger R2, and returns to the cooling water tank C6; the sprayer C2 is arranged above the evaporative cooling heat exchanger R2 and is used to spray water on the surface of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger R2 to absorb heat; the fan C4 is arranged at the top of the small cooling tower housing C5 to discharge the refrigerant heat of the evaporative cooling heat exchanger R2 and the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3 to the outdoor atmosphere in the form of latent heat of vaporization.

[0079] Preferably, the shell-and-tube immersion condenser R3 is as Figures 12 - 21 shown:

[0080] The described tube bundle immersion condenser R3 includes a refrigerant collection box 30, U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34, a bracket 33, a baffle 35, a refrigerant inlet pipe 31, and a refrigerant outlet pipe 32. The refrigerant collection box 30 is composed of a bottom cover 30a, a top cover 30b, and an upper and lower cavity isolation grid 30c. The length and width dimensions of the bottom cover 30a and the top cover 30b match each other and are both provided with flange plates 300 of the same size on the outside. The flange plates 300 are provided with a number of screw holes 301 that match in size and position. The middle of the bottom cover 30a is provided with a number of tube holes 302. The protruding part in the middle of the top cover 30b is a box-shaped end cover 303. The top cover 30b and the bottom cover 30a are screwed and fastened together by bolts passing through the screw holes 301 to form a cavity for refrigerant collection. The upper and lower cavity isolation grid 30c is vertically fixed inside the end cover 303 along the length direction of the bottom cover 30a and the top cover 30b. The middle of the bottom cover 30a is provided with a corresponding upper and lower cavity isolation groove 30d. The upper and lower cavity isolation grid 30c is inserted into the upper and lower cavity isolation groove 30d to divide the refrigerant collection box 30 into a refrigerant upper cavity 304 and a refrigerant lower cavity 305 that are each enclosed. Above the left side and below the right side of the end cover 303, there are respectively a collection box refrigerant inlet 306 and a collection box refrigerant outlet 307. The refrigerant inlet pipe 31 extends to the middle of the refrigerant upper cavity 304 through the collection box refrigerant inlet 306, facilitating the uniform distribution of the refrigerant in the U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 to achieve a full condensation and liquefaction effect. The refrigerant outlet pipe 32 is connected to the collection box refrigerant outlet 307 at the bottom of the refrigerant lower cavity 305, facilitating the liquid outflow of the refrigerant and preventing liquid accumulation, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the refrigerant. The U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 are in several groups, with several tubes in each group. Each U-shaped refrigerant tube includes two straight tubes 341 that are parallel to each other and have the same length and an arc tube 342 connected to the ends of the straight tubes. The distances between the two straight tubes 341 of each U-shaped refrigerant tube are different from each other and increase step by step. The ends of the two straight tubes 341 away from the arc tube 342 are respectively vertically connected to two longitudinally symmetrically arranged tube holes 302 on the bottom cover 30a by threads. Each group of U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 is in a longitudinal plane and is parallel to the planes of other groups of U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34. The bracket 33 includes a hole plate 330, a support plate 331, and a connecting plate 332. The hole plate 330 is several plates arranged parallel to the bottom cover 30a, with its length and width dimensions matching those of the bottom cover 30a, and fixed columns 3301 are provided at the lower end. The outside of the hole plate 330 is provided with an outer edge 3302 that has the same size as the flange plate 300 of the bottom cover 30a, and the middle is provided with tube fixing holes 3303 that match in size and position with the tube holes 302, through which the U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 pass. Support plates 331 that are vertically connected to each other are provided between the hole plates 330 to play a role in supporting and fixing. The connecting plate 332 is provided between the bottom cover 30a and the nearest hole plate 330 to play a role in connecting and fixing.

[0081] Such as Figures 24 - 26As shown, the baffle plate 35 is a flat plate with an S-shaped side cross-section, including an upper cross-section 3501, a lower cross-section 3502, a concave portion 3503, and a convex portion 3504. The concave portion 3503 and the convex portion 3504 are smoothly transitioned to form an S-shaped wave, and a plurality of baffle plate tube holes 3505 with dimensions and positions matching those of the U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 are evenly provided in the middle thereof. The baffle plate 35 is coupled with a plurality of groups of U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 through the baffle plate tube holes 3505 to form a tight tube plate structure; the S-shaped wave of the side cross-section of the baffle plate 35 is arranged from top to bottom, so that the isothermal water in the cooling water tank C6 flows vertically downward and the residence time in the tube region is extended, thereby achieving the effects of uniform heat exchange and sufficient heat exchange.

[0082] As Figures 22 - 23As shown, the tube bundle immersion condenser R3 can be replaced by a second tube bundle immersion condenser R3a (or called a header type tube bundle immersion condenser), which includes U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34, a bracket 33, a baffle 35, a refrigerant inlet pipe 31, a refrigerant outlet pipe 32, a refrigerant upper header 31a, and a refrigerant lower header 32a. The bracket 33 includes an orifice plate 330 and a support plate 331. The orifice plate 330 is composed of several parallel plates, and fixed columns 3301 are provided at its lower end. A tube fixing hole 3303 that is consistent with the size and position of the U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 is provided in the middle of the orifice plate 330, and the U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 pass through it. Support plates 331 that are vertically connected to each other are provided between the orifice plates 330 to play a role in supporting and fixing. The refrigerant upper header 31a and the refrigerant lower header 32a are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends in front of the foremost orifice plate 330 along the horizontal direction of the length. The left end of the refrigerant upper header 31a is communicated with the refrigerant inlet pipe 31, and the right end of the refrigerant lower header 32a is communicated with the refrigerant outlet pipe 32. The U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 are divided into several groups, with several tubes in each group. One end of each U-shaped refrigerant tube 34 is led out from a certain position in the length direction of the refrigerant upper header 31a, passes through a group of corresponding tube fixing holes 3303 on several orifice plates 300, enters the inside of the bracket 33 in the form of a straight tube 341, and after its end is bent into an arc-shaped tube 342, it then passes through another group of tube fixing holes 3303 on the orifice plate 300 in the form of another straight tube 341, and the other end after being led out is connected to the corresponding position in the length direction of the refrigerant lower header 32a. The distances between the two straight tubes 341 of each U-shaped refrigerant tube 34 are different and increase gradually. Each group of U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 is in a longitudinal plane and is parallel to the planes where other groups of U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 are located. The baffle 35 is a flat plate with an S-shaped cross-section on the side, including an upper cross-section 3501, a lower cross-section 3502, a concave part 3503, and a convex part 3504. Its concave part 3503 and convex part 3504 are smoothly transitioned to form an S-shaped wave, and several baffle tube holes 3505 that are consistent with the size and position of the U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 are evenly provided in the middle. The baffle 35 is coupled with several groups of U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 through the baffle tube holes 3505 to form a tight tube sheet structure. The S-shaped wave of the side cross-section of the baffle 35 from top to bottom enables the isothermal water in the cooling water tank C6 to flow vertically downward and prolongs the residence time in the tube region, so as to achieve the effects of uniform heat exchange and sufficient heat exchange. Compared with the tube bundle immersion condenser R3, the second tube bundle immersion condenser R3a omits the refrigerant collecting box 30 and the connecting plate 332 between the refrigerant collecting box 30 and the bracket 33, and uses the refrigerant upper header 31a and the refrigerant lower header 32a to replace the refrigerant collecting box 30, and has the characteristics of simple structure and low cost.

[0083] The baffle plate 35 can be made of metal or non-metal materials; the bracket 33 and the refrigerant manifold box 30 are made of carbon steel welded and then hot-dip galvanized to prevent and delay oxidation in high-temperature and high-humidity environments.

[0084] The U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 are made of internally threaded copper tubes with a wall thickness of 8 - 15 μm and a diameter of 10 - 15 mm, or other metal materials such as titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, and stainless steel; the two straight tubes 341 are arranged horizontally and parallel, and the distance between them is 2 cm or more for easy cleaning.

[0085] The bottom cover is made of carbon steel plate with a thickness of 15 mm or more. After punching with a machine tool according to the diameter of the U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 and welding with the bracket 33, the whole is treated with a hot-dip galvanized anti-corrosion coating process, and the drilled holes are evenly distributed up, down, left, and right; a leak-proof cushion is attached between the flange plates 300 of the bottom cover 30a and the top cover 30b and fastened with bolts; the upper and lower cavity gratings 30c are inserted into the upper and lower cavity grating grooves 30d of the bottom cover 30a, and a leak-proof elastic rubber strip is attached to the grooves to prevent the refrigerant in the upper refrigerant cavity 304 and the lower refrigerant cavity 305 from penetrating each other.

[0086] The orifice plate is made of carbon steel plate with a thickness of 10 mm or more. After punching with a machine tool according to the diameter of the U-shaped refrigerant tubes 34 and welding with the bracket 33, the whole is hot-dip galvanized for anti-corrosion coating treatment.

[0087] The bolt 308 is a carbon steel hot-dip galvanized bolt with a diameter of 8 mm or more.

[0088] As Figure 27 shown, the water distributor C3 adopts an H-shaped parallel multi-stage water distributor, which can be made of galvanized steel pipe, PUC pipe, PE and other metal pipes, plastic pipes, etc., including a water distributor main pipe C300, multi-stage branch pipes and several water heads C307 that are interconnected. Each lower-level branch pipe in each stage is vertically connected to its upper-level branch pipe to form a multi-stage H shape. Several water heads are distributed at both ends of the last-stage branch pipe, and finally, each water head C307 is presented on the same horizontal plane, and each adjacent water head C307 is equally spaced, thus forming a uniform water head array; the other end of the water distributor main pipe C300 is connected to the cooling circulation pump C1, and the cooling water heated by heat exchange in the cooling water tank C6 passes through the evenly distributed water heads C307, enters the multi-stage branch pipes and the water distributor main pipe C300, and finally enters the cooling circulation pump C1 and the sprayer C2 through the cooling pump guide pipe for the next cooling cycle.

[0089] In this embodiment, the H-shaped multi-stage water distributor is a 6-stage water distributor, as Figure 14As shown in the figure, it includes a main water distribution pipe C300, a first-level branch water pipe C301, a second-level branch water pipe C302, a third-level branch water pipe C303, a fourth-level branch water pipe C304, a fifth-level branch water pipe C305, a sixth-level branch water pipe C306, and several water distribution heads 307.

[0090] Using the described H-shaped same-way multi-stage water distributor can make the low-temperature cooling water cooled on the surface of the cooling water tank move downward vertically in the same horizontal plane, ensuring that the low-temperature cooling water exchanges heat layer by layer with the refrigerant tubes downward. As the refrigerant in the tubes is cooled, the temperature of the cooling water gradually rises. Through the setting of the H-shaped same-way multi-stage water distributor, the disordered heat exchange between the cooling water and the refrigerant tubes can be effectively prevented, ensuring that the low-temperature cooling water flows vertically and layer by layer through each layer of tubes in the same horizontal plane, thereby improving the cooling effect of the cooling water and the cooling efficiency of the refrigerant. According to Q absorption = V flow rate * S cross-sectional area * ρ density * △T temperature difference * C specific heat capacity; where V flow rate * S cross-sectional area is a constant value, ρ density and C specific heat capacity are constants. Since the cross-sectional area of the open cooling water tank is hundreds of times that of the cooling circulation pipe, the flow rate V of the cooling water decreases, and thus the residence time of the cooling water in the tank is prolonged.

[0091] The shell-and-tube (double-pipe) heat exchanger in the above form can not only ensure full heat exchange between the refrigerant in the U-shaped refrigerant tubes and the cooling water in the cooling water tank, but also enable a part of the latent heat of vaporization generated by the heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling water to be released through the water surface of the cooling water tank, thus achieving an effect that the shell-and-tube (double-pipe) heat exchanger cannot reach. By utilizing the latent heat of vaporization of water, the heat exchange amount per unit of water is increased, and thus the heat exchange efficiency is higher than that of the shell-and-tube (double-pipe) heat exchanger; and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is more convenient for cleaning and maintenance.

[0092] Although the embodiments of the present invention are described in the specification, these embodiments are only for reference and should not limit the protection scope of the present invention. All omissions, substitutions, and changes within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit, characterized in that, It includes a small cooling tower housing and a cooling system, a refrigerant circulation system, and functional modules assembled inside the small cooling tower housing; the cooling system includes a fan, a water distributor, a cooling circulation pump, a sprayer, and a cooling water tank, and the refrigerant circulation system includes a low-power compressor, an evaporative cooler heat exchanger, a shell-and-tube immersion condenser, an indoor-side heat exchanger, and a gas-liquid separator; the functional modules include a liquid storage tank, a drying filter, and an expansion valve connected in sequence; the cooling water tank is arranged at the upper part inside the small cooling tower housing, and the low-power compressor, the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the expansion valve, and the indoor-side heat exchanger are arranged at the lower part inside the small cooling tower housing; the evaporative cooler heat exchanger is placed above the cooling water of the cooling water tank, and the shell-and-tube immersion condenser is immersed in the cooling water of the cooling water tank; the water distributor is arranged at the bottom inside the cooling water tank; the sprayer is arranged above the evaporative cooler heat exchanger; the fan is arranged at the top of the small cooling tower housing; the evaporative cooler heat exchanger and the shell-and-tube immersion condenser are connected in series, and after the low-power compressor, the evaporative cooler heat exchanger, the shell-and-tube immersion condenser, the functional modules, and the indoor-side heat exchanger are connected in sequence, they are connected to the low-power compressor through the gas-liquid separator; The low-power compressor has an outlet and a return port; the integrated hybrid-cooling chiller module unit further includes a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve, and a fourth solenoid valve. The inlet end of the first solenoid valve is connected in parallel with the inlet end of the third solenoid valve and is connected to the outlet of the low-power compressor; the outlet end of the third solenoid valve is connected to the inlet end of the evaporative cooler heat exchanger; the inlet end of the second solenoid valve and the inlet end of the fourth solenoid valve are connected in parallel and are connected to the outlet end of the evaporative cooler heat exchanger; the outlet ends of the first solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are connected in parallel and then connected to the inlet end of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser. After the outlet end of the shell-and-tube immersion condenser is connected in parallel with the outlet end of the second solenoid valve, they are connected to the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, the expansion valve, and the indoor-side heat exchanger in sequence, and then connected to the return port of the low-power compressor through the gas-liquid separator.

2. The integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit according to claim 1, wherein The cooling system further includes a cooling filler layer located below the evaporative cooler heat exchanger; the cooling water outside the small cooling tower housing enters the cooling water tank through the water replenishment port, and then passes through the water distributor, the cooling circulation pump, the cooling circulation pipe, the sprayer, the evaporative cooler heat exchanger, and the surface of the cooling filler layer, and then returns to the cooling water tank.

3. The integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The low-power compressor is a scroll compressor or a screw compressor with a power consumption of 5-25KW.

4. The integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit according to claim 1, wherein, The indoor-side heat exchanger is externally connected to an indoor-side refrigeration circulation pump.

5. The integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit according to claim 1, wherein, The indoor-side heat exchanger is replaced by an indoor multi-connected unit.

6. The integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit according to claim 1, wherein The small cooling tower housing includes a top plate, a base, a grille, a front guard plate, side guard plates, and a water baffle installed above the interior of the guard plates; a sewage valve and a sewage outlet are provided at the bottom of the cooling water tank, an overflow port is provided at the upper side edge of the cooling water tank, and the sewage outlet is connected to the lower part of the front guard plate; a water replenishment port and a float valve are provided in the middle of the front guard plate of the small cooling tower housing, and external cooling water enters through the water replenishment port and automatically replenishes the cooling water tank through the float valve switch when needed; a chilled water outlet and a chilled water inlet are provided at the lower part of the front guard plate of the small cooling tower housing, which are respectively communicated with the chilled water inlets and outlets of the indoor heat exchanger; a control cabinet is provided at the lower part of the side guard plate of the small cooling tower housing to control the electrical switches of the integrated hybrid-cooling chiller module unit.

7. The integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit according to claim 1, wherein The described tube bundle immersion condenser includes a refrigerant collection box, U-shaped refrigerant tubes, a bracket, a baffle plate, a refrigerant inlet pipe, and a refrigerant outlet pipe. The refrigerant collection box is composed of a bottom cover, a top cover, and an upper and lower cavity isolation grid. The length and width dimensions of the bottom cover and the top cover match each other and are both provided with flange plates of the same size on the outside. The flange plates are provided with a number of screw holes with matching sizes and positions. There are a number of tube holes in the middle of the bottom cover. The protruding part in the middle of the top cover is a box-shaped end cover. The top cover and the bottom cover are screwed and fastened together by bolts passing through the screw holes to form a cavity for refrigerant collection. The upper and lower cavity isolation grid is vertically fixed inside the end cover along the length direction of the bottom cover and the top cover. There is a corresponding upper and lower cavity isolation groove in the middle of the bottom cover. The upper and lower cavity isolation grid is inserted into the upper and lower cavity isolation groove to divide the refrigerant collection box into a closed refrigerant upper cavity and a refrigerant lower cavity. Above the left side and below the right side of the end cover, there are respectively a refrigerant inlet of the collection box and a refrigerant outlet of the collection box. The refrigerant inlet pipe extends to the middle of the refrigerant upper cavity through the refrigerant inlet of the collection box. The refrigerant outlet pipe is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the collection box located at the bottom of the refrigerant lower cavity. The U-shaped refrigerant tubes are in several groups, with several tubes in each group. Each U-shaped refrigerant tube includes two straight tubes that are parallel to each other and have the same length and an arc tube connected to the ends of the straight tubes. The distance between the two straight tubes of each U-shaped refrigerant tube is different and increases step by step. The ends of the straight tubes away from the arc tube are respectively vertically connected to two longitudinally symmetrically arranged tube holes on the bottom cover by threads. Each group of U-shaped refrigerant tubes is in a longitudinal plane and is parallel to the planes of other groups of U-shaped refrigerant tubes. The bracket includes a hole plate, a support plate, and a connecting plate. The hole plate is several plates arranged parallel to the bottom cover, with its length and width dimensions matching those of the bottom cover, and fixed columns are provided at the lower end. The outside of the hole plate is provided with an outer edge with the same size as the flange plate of the bottom cover, and there are tube fixing holes in the middle with the same size and position as the tube holes. The U-shaped refrigerant tubes pass through them. Support plates are vertically connected between the hole plates. The connecting plate is arranged between the bottom cover and its nearest hole plate. The baffle plate is a flat plate with an S-shaped cross-section on the side, including an upper cross-section, a lower cross-section, a concave part, and a convex part. Its concave part and convex part are smoothly transitioned to form an S-shaped wave, and there are several baffle plate tube holes with sizes and positions matching the U-shaped refrigerant tubes evenly in the middle. The baffle plate is coupled with several groups of U-shaped refrigerant tubes through the baffle plate tube holes to form a tight tube plate structure.

8. The integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The described tube bundle immersion condenser is replaced with a second tube bundle immersion condenser, which includes U-shaped refrigerant tubes, brackets, baffle plates, refrigerant inlet pipes, refrigerant outlet pipes, refrigerant upper headers, and refrigerant lower headers. The brackets include orifice plates and support plates. The orifice plates are several parallel plates with fixed columns provided at their lower ends. Column fixing holes consistent with the size and position of the U-shaped refrigerant tubes are provided in the middle of the orifice plates, and the U-shaped refrigerant tubes pass through them. Support plates perpendicular to them are provided between the orifice plates. The refrigerant upper headers and the refrigerant lower headers are respectively arranged horizontally along the length at the upper and lower ends in front of the foremost orifice plate. The left end of the refrigerant upper header is communicated with the refrigerant inlet pipe, and the right end of the refrigerant lower header is communicated with the refrigerant outlet pipe. The U-shaped refrigerant tubes are several groups, with several tubes in each group. One end of each U-shaped refrigerant tube is led out from a certain position along the length direction of the refrigerant upper header, passes through a group of corresponding column fixing holes on several orifice plates, enters the interior of the bracket in the form of a straight pipe, and after its end is bent into an arc-shaped pipe, it then passes through another group of column fixing holes on the orifice plate in the form of another straight pipe and is connected to the corresponding position along the length direction of the refrigerant lower header at the led-out end. The distances between the two straight pipes of each U-shaped refrigerant tube are different and increase step by step. Each group of U-shaped refrigerant tubes is in a longitudinal plane and is parallel to the planes where other groups of U-shaped refrigerant tubes are located. The baffle plate is a flat plate with an S-shaped cross-section on the side, including an upper cross-section, a lower cross-section, a concave part, and a convex part. Its concave part and convex part are smoothly transitioned to form an S-shaped wave, and several baffle plate column holes with sizes and positions matching the U-shaped refrigerant tubes are evenly provided in the middle. The baffle plate is coupled with several groups of U-shaped refrigerant tubes through the baffle plate column holes to form a tight tube plate structure.

9. The integrated hybrid-cooling chilled water modular unit according to claim 1, wherein An H-shaped in-line multi-stage water distributor is adopted in the cooling water tank, which includes a water distributor main pipe, multi-stage branch pipes, and several water distribution heads that are interconnected. Each lower-level branch pipe of each stage is perpendicularly connected to its upper-level branch pipe to form a multi-stage H shape, and several water distribution heads are distributed at both ends of the last-stage branch pipe. The other end of the water distributor main pipe is communicated with the cooling circulation pump. The cooling water heated through heat exchange in the cooling water tank enters the multi-stage branch pipes and the water distributor main pipe through the evenly distributed water distribution heads, and finally enters the cooling circulation pump and the sprayer through the cooling pump guide pipe to enter the next cooling cycle.

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