A shelling device

Abstract

The present invention provides a shelling device, which comprises a housing, a separation cylinder arranged inside the housing, a shell-breaking device arranged inside the separation cylinder, and a driving motor connected to the shell-breaking device. The shell-breaking device comprises a tool rest arranged inside the separation cylinder and one or more blades arranged on the tool rest. A pressing cover is movably arranged above the tool rest. The tool rest is connected to the driving shaft of the driving motor through a coupling. The tool rest comprises a tool disc and a tool shaft fixedly connected to the tool disc. The blades are inclinedly arranged on the tool disc. One or more notches are arranged on the tool disc, and the blades are sleeved on the notches. One or more separation holes are arranged on the separation cylinder, and a feeding hole is arranged on the pressing cover. The present invention can effectively separate cottonseed kernels from cottonseed hulls, ensure the integrity of cottonseed kernels without damage, and does not damage the internal index components of cottonseed kernels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a crop processing device, in particular to a shelling device. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are mainly three forms of cottonseed kernel shelling equipment: disk shelling machines, knife plate shelling machines, and magnetic roller shelling machines. However, they are mainly applied in the field of cottonseed oil production. For example, a cottonseed knife roller shelling device described in Patent No. ZL 2014 2 0350091.7 uses a complex mechanical structure to improve the shelling efficiency and the separation degree of kernels and shells. However, it forms cutting by the relative movement of a dynamic knife group and a static knife group. On the one hand, it cannot guarantee the integrity of cottonseed kernels. On the other hand, it will generate a certain amount of heat, affecting the content and physiological activity of the internal components of cottonseed kernels.

[0003] Cottonseed kernels contain rich components such as protein, oil, gossypol, amino acids, and vitamins. In particular, the protein and enzymes in cottonseeds are greatly affected by temperature and are prone to losing some of their activities. Finally, the data analysis is inaccurate. Therefore, in order to accurately measure the physiological indexes and component contents of cottonseed kernels, researchers often use the manual shearing method for shelling operations. The manual method is time-consuming, laborious, and easy to hurt hands. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a shelling device that can effectively separate cottonseed kernels and cottonseed shells, ensure the integrity of cottonseed kernels, and not damage the internal index components of cottonseed kernels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a shelling device with a simple structure, which can effectively separate cottonseed kernels and cottonseed shells, ensure the integrity of cottonseed kernels without damage, and not damage the internal components and their activities of cottonseed kernels.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0006] A shelling device, which includes a housing, a separation cylinder arranged inside the housing, a shell-breaking device arranged inside the separation cylinder, and a driving motor connected to the shell-breaking device. The shell-breaking device includes a tool rest arranged inside the separation cylinder and one or more blades arranged on the tool rest. A pressing cover is movably arranged above the tool rest, and the tool rest is connected to the driving shaft of the driving motor through a coupling.

[0007] Further, the tool rest includes a tool disc and a tool shaft fixedly connected to the tool disc, and the blades are inclinedly arranged on the tool disc.

[0008] Further, one or more notches are arranged on the tool disc, and the blades are sleeved in the notches.

[0009] Further, one or more separation holes are arranged on the separation cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, a feeding hole is provided on the pressing cover.

[0011] Furthermore, a first fan is arranged on the outside of the left side of the shell, an air inlet corresponding to the first fan is arranged on the shell, and a discharge port is arranged on the right side of the shell.

[0012] Furthermore, a first wind shield is arranged inside the left side of the shell, and the first wind shield is arranged at an angle.

[0013] Furthermore, a second wind shield is arranged inside the right side of the shell, and the second wind shield is arranged at an angle.

[0014] Furthermore, an inclined baffle is provided at the bottom of the shell, the separation cylinder is provided on the inclined baffle, and a through hole for the tool holder to pass through is provided on the inclined baffle.

[0015] Furthermore, a second fan is arranged on the right side of the discharge port of the shell, and the air outlet of the second fan is arranged to be perpendicular to the discharge direction of the shell.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are:

[0017] The present invention provides a shell breaking device in the separation cylinder, which is driven by a driving motor to rotate in the separation chamber. Under the downward pressure of the pressing cover and the cutting action of the blade, the cottonseed shells are peeled off. Under the action of centrifugal force, the cottonseed kernels and the cottonseed shells are separated and thrown out from the separation hole of the separation cylinder. During the peeling process, the inclined setting of the blade also drives the cotton seeds to roll, so that they are fully broken, separated and thrown out.

[0018] The blade of the present invention is clamped on the notch of the blade disc, and when the blade is worn and cannot be used normally, the blade can be conveniently replaced.

[0019] The feed hole is arranged on the pressure cover of the present invention, so that filling can be conveniently performed at any time. During operation, due to the centrifugal force, the material will not be thrown out from the feed hole. After the processing is completed, the feed hole can be arranged to facilitate the removal of the pressure cover and clean up the remaining material in the separation cylinder.

[0020] A first fan is arranged on the left side outside the shell of the present invention. Under the action of the first fan, cottonseed kernels and cottonseed hulls are blown out from the discharge port along the inclined baffle. Due to the different densities of cottonseed kernels and cottonseed hulls, preliminary air separation of cottonseed kernels and cottonseed hulls can be achieved. On the one hand, the first fan plays a role of air separation, and on the other hand, it also plays a role of air cooling for the shell breaking device in the separation cylinder. The cold air takes away the temperature generated in the shell breaking process, thereby avoiding the denaturation and failure of active ingredients in the cottonseed kernels due to high temperature, thereby ensuring the accuracy and completeness of the test analysis and measurement data.

[0021] On the left side inside the housing of the present invention, a first baffle is provided to guide the cold air flow of the first fan, concentrate the wind force, and achieve the preliminary sorting and separation of cottonseed kernels and cottonseed hulls, solving the problem that it is difficult to separate cottonseed kernels and cottonseed hulls due to the viscous adhesion of cottonseed oil.

[0022] On the right side inside the housing of the present invention, a second baffle is provided to prevent the cold air from forming a vortex inside the housing, which affects the discharging and separation effects.

[0023] At the discharge port of the present invention, a second fan is provided, and the air outlet of the second fan is arranged perpendicular to the discharge direction of the housing to achieve further air separation. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the tool holder of the present invention;

[0026] Among them, 1. Housing, 2. Separation cylinder, 3. Tool holder, 4. Blade, 5. Pressure cover, 6. Coupling, 7. Separation hole, 8. Feeding hole, 9. First fan, 10. Air inlet, 11. Discharge port, 12. First wind baffle, 13. Inclined baffle, 14. Second fan, 15. Second wind baffle, 16. Driving motor, 31. Tool disc, 32. Tool shaft. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] As shown in the Figure 1-2 accompanying drawings, this embodiment provides a shelling device, which includes a housing 1, a separation cylinder 2 arranged inside the housing 1, a shell-breaking device arranged inside the separation cylinder 2, and a driving motor 16 connected to the shell-breaking device. The shell-breaking device includes a tool holder 3 arranged inside the separation cylinder 2 and one or more blades 4 arranged on the tool holder 3. One or more separation holes 7 are arranged on the separation cylinder 2. The aperture of the separation hole 7 is 4.8 - 5.6 mm. The design principle of the aperture size of the separation hole 7 is that only the shelled cottonseed hulls and cottonseed kernels can pass through the separation hole 7, and the whole unshelled cottonseed cannot pass through the aperture of the separation hole 7. A pressure cover 5 is movably arranged above the tool holder 3. The tool holder 3 is connected to the driving shaft of the driving motor 16 through a coupling 6. A shell-breaking device is arranged inside the separation cylinder 2. The shell-breaking device is driven by the driving motor 16 to rotate inside the separation cavity. Under the downward pressure of the pressure cover 5 and the cutting action of the blades 4, the cottonseed hulls are peeled off. Under the action of centrifugal force, the cottonseed kernels and cottonseed hulls are separated and thrown out from the separation holes 7 of the separation cylinder 2. During the peeling process, since the blades 4 are inclined, the cottonseeds are also driven to roll, so that they are fully broken, separated, and thrown out. With the cooperation of the pressure cover 5, the shelling rate is effectively improved.

[0029] The tool rest 3 includes a tool disc 31 and a tool shaft 32 fixedly connected to the tool disc 31. The cutting blade 4 is inclinedly arranged on the tool disc 31. One or more notches 32 are arranged on the tool disc 31, and the cutting blade 4 is sleeved on the notch 32. The cutting blade 4 is clamped on the notch of the tool disc 31. When the cutting blade is worn and cannot be used normally, the cutting blade can be conveniently replaced. In addition, the entire tool rest can also be replaced by integrally forming the cutting blade 4 and the tool disc 31, or integrally forming the cutting blade 4, the tool disc 31 and the tool shaft 32, which can also achieve the same use effect and purpose.

[0030] A feeding hole 8 is arranged on the pressure cover 5, which can facilitate filling at any time. During operation, due to the centrifugal force, the material will not be thrown out from the feeding hole. And after processing, by arranging the feeding hole 8, it is convenient to take out the pressure cover to clean the remaining material in the separation cylinder 2.

[0031] A first blower 9 is arranged outside the left side of the housing 1. An air inlet 10 corresponding to the first blower 9 is arranged on the housing 1. A discharge port 11 is arranged on the right side of the housing 1. Under the action of the first blower 9, the cottonseed kernels and cottonseed hulls are blown out from the discharge port 11 along the inclined baffle 13. Since the densities of the cottonseed kernels and cottonseed hulls are different, the preliminary air separation of the cottonseed kernels and cottonseed hulls can be realized. On the one hand, the first blower 9 plays a role in air separation, and on the other hand, it also plays a role in air cooling for the shell-breaking device in the separation cylinder 2. The cold air takes away the temperature generated during the shell-breaking process, avoiding the denaturation and invalidation of the active ingredients in the cottonseed kernels due to high temperature, and ensuring the accuracy and integrity of the test analysis and measurement data.

[0032] A first wind baffle 12 is arranged inside the left side of the housing 1. The first wind baffle 12 is inclinedly arranged. The first wind baffle 12 guides the cold air flow generated by the first blower 9, concentrates the wind force to realize the preliminary sorting and separation of the cottonseed kernels and cottonseed hulls, and solves the problem that it is not easy to separate the cottonseed kernels and cottonseed hulls due to the viscous adhesion of cottonseed oil between them.

[0033] A second wind baffle 15 is arranged inside the right side of the housing 1. The second wind baffle 15 is inclinedly arranged to prevent the cold air from forming a vortex inside the housing 1 and affecting the discharging and separation effects.

[0034] An inclined baffle 13 is arranged at the bottom of the housing 1. The included angle between the inclined baffle 13 and the horizontal direction is 27° - 28°. The separation cylinder 2 is arranged on the inclined baffle 13. A through hole through which the tool rest 13 can pass is arranged on the inclined baffle 13. The inclined baffle 13 is inclinedly arranged to facilitate the sliding discharge of the cottonseed kernels and cottonseed hulls.

[0035] A second blower 14 is arranged on the right side of the discharge port 11 of the housing 1. The air outlet of the second blower 14 is arranged perpendicular to the discharge direction of the housing 1 to achieve further air separation. The air separation of the second blower 14 mainly separates the heavier cottonseed hulls and cottonseed kernels.

[0036] The structural form of the present invention is not limited to the shelling of cottonseeds, but can also be applied to the shelling operations of other seeds similar to cottonseeds, such as sunflower seeds, watermelon seeds, etc., and can have relatively good shelling effects, having a broad market prospect.

[0037] The specific working process is as follows:

[0038] During operation, first add the cottonseeds to be processed into the separation cylinder 2, then cover the pressure cover 5 and the upper cover of the housing 1 to prevent wind leakage. Start the drive motor 16. Under the downward pressure of the pressure cover 5 and the cutting action of the blades 4, the cottonseed hulls are peeled off. Under the action of centrifugal force, the cottonseed kernels and cottonseed hulls are separated and ejected from the separation holes 7 of the separation cylinder 2. During the peeling process, since the blades 4 are inclined, the cottonseeds are also driven to roll, so that they are fully broken, separated and ejected. The shelled cottonseed hulls and cottonseed kernels are blown out from the discharge port 11 along the inclined baffle 13 under the action of the cold air of the first blower 9. Due to the different masses and densities of the cottonseed hulls and cottonseed kernels, preliminary air separation of the cottonseed hulls and cottonseed kernels is achieved. The heavier cottonseed hulls are further separated by the second blower 14. During the processing, feeding can be carried out through the feeding hole 8. After the processing is completed, take out the pressure cover 5, and then clean the residual materials in the separation cylinder 2. Using the present invention, operations such as shelling, separating and sorting cottonseed kernels and cottonseed hulls can be carried out on cottonseeds in a form of low temperature without generating heat, ensuring that the internal index components of the cottonseed kernels during the test process are not damaged by high temperature, and ensuring the accuracy and integrity of the test data.

[0039] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A shelling device, characterized in that, It includes a housing (1), a separation cylinder (2) arranged inside the housing (1), a shell-breaking device arranged inside the separation cylinder (2), and a driving motor (16) connected to the shell-breaking device. The shell-breaking device includes a tool rest (3) arranged inside the separation cylinder (2) and one or more blades (4) arranged on the tool rest (3). A pressure-feeding cover (5) is movably arranged above the tool rest (3), and the tool rest (3) is connected to the driving shaft of the driving motor through a coupling (6); A first blower (9) is arranged outside the left side of the housing (1), an air inlet (10) corresponding to the first blower (9) is arranged on the housing (1), and a discharge port (11) is arranged on the right side of the housing (1); A first wind baffle (12) is arranged inside the left side of the housing (1), and the first wind baffle (12) is inclined; A second wind baffle (15) is arranged inside the right side of the housing (1), and the second wind baffle (15) is inclined; The tool rest (3) includes a tool disc (31) and a tool shaft (32) fixedly connected to the tool disc (31), and the blade (4) is inclined and arranged on the tool disc (31); One or more notches (32) are arranged on the tool disc (31), and the blade (4) is sleeved on the notch (32); An inclined baffle (13) is arranged at the bottom of the housing (1), the separation cylinder (2) is arranged on the inclined baffle (13), and a through hole through which the tool rest (13) can pass is arranged on the inclined baffle (13); A second blower (14) is arranged on the right side of the discharge port (11) of the housing (1), and the air outlet of the second blower (14) is arranged perpendicular to the discharge direction of the housing (1); One or more separation holes (7) are arranged on the separation cylinder (2).

2. The hulling device according to claim 1, wherein, A feeding hole (8) is arranged on the pressure-feeding cover (5).

Images