A crawler tractor

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a crawler tractor, including a rear support shaft, a front support shaft, a power shaft, a gearbox, a diesel engine, a front wheel and a fuselage, wherein the front end of the power shaft is fixedly connected to the rear end of the gearbox, the front end of the gearbox is fixedly connected to the diesel engine, and the diesel engine is fixedly mounted on the fuselage. Through the arrangement of crawlers and rubber wheels, the tractor can be switched between crawler and wheel modes to perform multi-mode operation, wherein the single crawler mode operation effectively provides sufficient pulling force for the tractor to operate in the field; the single wheel mode operation provides convenience for the long-distance transportation of the tractor and reduces the transportation cost; the crawler and wheel dual modes provide strong dragging force and have sufficient carrying capacity; the switching between the three modes allows the puller to be used in more occasions, adapt to different terrains, and improve the economy of the tractor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a crawler tractor. Background Art

[0002] Tractors can be divided into wheel type and crawler type according to the walking mode. Crawler type can be divided into full crawler and half crawler. Both types of tractors can be used in agriculture and animal husbandry for ploughing, sowing, intertillage, weeding, harvesting, transportation and other uses. Crawler type tractors are different from wheeled tractors. They are supported on the ground by a winding ring crawler track. The crawler track contacts the ground, the spurs are inserted into the soil, and the driving parts are not grounded. Under the action of driving torque, the driving wheel continuously rolls up the crawler track from the rear through the meshing between the gear teeth on the driving wheel and the track plate pin. The grounded part of the crawler track gives the ground a backward force, and the crawler track also gives a forward reaction force accordingly. The reaction force is the driving force that pushes the tractor forward. Compared with wheeled tractors, crawler tractors have a relatively small ground pressure, and are particularly suitable for soft ground and wasteland during operation. However, there are still some shortcomings in its use, as follows:

[0003] Traditional semi-track tractors are wheeled tractors with the rear axle removed and replaced with crawler tractors. However, the replacement operation requires professional technicians, and the replacement operation is relatively complicated, resulting in high replacement costs. At the same time, crawler tractors directly composed of crawlers cannot be transported over long distances due to the limitations of crawler transmission. They need an additional transport vehicle for transportation during operation, and they cannot run on hard ground for a long time, otherwise it is easy to cause large-scale damage to the crawler, thereby increasing maintenance costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a crawler tractor which has the advantages of multi-function, low running cost and wide application range, and solves the problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a crawler tractor comprises a rear support shaft, a front support shaft, a power shaft, a gearbox, a diesel engine, a front wheel and a fuselage, wherein the front end of the power shaft is fixedly connected to the rear end of the gearbox, the front end of the gearbox is fixedly connected to the diesel engine, the diesel engine is fixedly mounted on the fuselage, the front wheel is movably connected to the fuselage, the two ends of the rear support shaft are movably sleeved with the rear support wheels respectively, the two ends of the rear support shaft and the outer sides of the rear support wheels are movably sleeved with fixed connecting rods, the top end of the fixed connecting rod is movably connected with a driving shaft, the two ends of the rear support shaft and the inner sides of the rear support wheels are movably sleeved with rear conversion hydraulic rods, the top end of the rear conversion hydraulic rod is movably sleeved with a middle shaft, the two ends of the front support shaft The front supporting wheels are movably sleeved respectively, and another fixed connecting rod is movably sleeved at both ends of the driving shaft and located on the outside of the front supporting wheel, and the top end of the other fixed connecting rod is movably connected to the driving shaft, and a front conversion hydraulic rod is movably sleeved at both ends of the front supporting shaft and located on the inside of the front supporting wheel, and the top end of the front conversion hydraulic rod is movably connected to the middle shaft, and transmission track wheels are fixedly sleeved at both ends of the driving shaft, and crawlers are movably clamped at the top end of the transmission track wheels, and the crawlers are movably connected to the rear supporting wheels and the bottom of the front supporting shaft respectively, and conversion devices are movably sleeved in the middle parts of the driving shaft and the middle shaft respectively, and a helical gear is fixedly installed on the rear end of the power shaft, and the conversion device is meshed with the helical gear, and rubber wheels are fixedly installed on both ends of the middle shaft.

[0006] Preferably, the rear support shaft and the front support shaft, the rear support wheels and the front support wheels, the rear conversion hydraulic rod and the front conversion hydraulic rod have the same specifications and are symmetrically distributed around the central axis, and the rotation angle of the rear conversion hydraulic rod and the front conversion hydraulic rod is 0-30 degrees.

[0007] Preferably, a limit block is fixedly installed on the right end of the rear conversion hydraulic rod, and the limit block is arc-shaped.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission track wheel includes a protection wheel and a power transmission wheel, the protection wheel is fixedly mounted on both ends of the driving shaft, the driving shaft has two groups, and each group has two, the power transmission wheel is fixedly mounted on the driving shaft and located in the middle of the protection wheel, and the power transmission wheel is engaged with the track.

[0009] Preferably, the conversion device includes a transmission gear, a connecting ring and a control hydraulic rod, the transmission gear is movably sleeved on the driving shaft, the transmission gear is meshed with the bevel gear, the transmission gear is movably connected to the connecting ring, the connecting ring is located on the right side of the transmission gear, the control hydraulic rod is fixedly mounted on the fuselage, and the left end of the control hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the connecting ring.

[0010] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. Through the setting of crawler tracks and rubber wheels, the tractor can switch between crawler and wheel modes and perform multi-mode operation. Among them, the single crawler mode operation effectively provides sufficient pulling force for the tractor to operate in the field; the single wheel mode operation provides convenience for the long-distance transportation of the tractor and reduces transportation costs. The crawler and wheel dual modes provide strong dragging force and have sufficient carrying capacity. The switching between the three modes allows the tractor to be used in more occasions, adapt to different terrains, and improve the economy of the tractor.

[0012] 2. By setting the rear conversion hydraulic rod and the front conversion hydraulic rod, the bottom area of ​​the crawler can be replaced within a certain range to increase the contact force and bearing capacity between the crawler and the bottom surface. On the one hand, it can provide sufficient reaction force during driving, increase the drag force of the tractor, and effectively reduce slipping. On the other hand, increasing the contact area between the crawler and the ground can effectively prevent the tractor from sinking into slippery ground, reduce the possibility of rollover, and increase the safety of tractor operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 A side half-section schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a half-section form 1 of the structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a half-section form 2 of the structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 The structure of the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the rear conversion hydraulic rod of the structure of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. rear support shaft; 2. rear support wheel; 3. fixed connecting rod; 4. driving shaft; 5. front support shaft; 6. front support wheel; 7. rear conversion hydraulic rod; 8. front conversion hydraulic rod; 9. middle shaft; 10. driving track wheel; 101. protection wheel; 102. power transmission wheel; 11. track; 13. conversion device; 131. transmission gear; 132. connecting ring; 133. control hydraulic rod; 14. bevel gear; 15. rubber wheel; 16. power shaft; 17. gearbox; 18. diesel engine; 19. front wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1-6 A crawler tractor comprises a rear support shaft 1, a front support shaft 5, a power shaft 16, a gearbox 17, a diesel engine 18, a front wheel 19 and a fuselage, the front end of the power shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the gearbox 17, the front end of the gearbox 17 is fixedly connected to the diesel engine 18, the diesel engine 18 is fixedly mounted on the fuselage, the front wheel 19 is movably connected to the fuselage, the two ends of the rear support shaft 1 are movably sleeved with the rear support wheel 2, the two ends of the rear support shaft 1 and the outer side of the rear support wheel 2 are movably sleeved with a fixed connecting rod 3, the top of the fixed connecting rod 3 is movably connected with a driving shaft 4, the two ends of the rear support shaft 1 and the inner side of the rear support wheel 2 are movably sleeved with a rear conversion hydraulic rod 7, the top of the rear conversion hydraulic rod 7 is movably sleeved with a middle shaft 9, the two ends of the front support shaft 5 are movably sleeved with There is a front supporting wheel 6, and another fixed connecting rod 3 is movably sleeved at both ends of the driving shaft 4 and located on the outside of the front supporting wheel 6, and the top of the other fixed connecting rod 3 is movably connected to the driving shaft 4, and a front conversion hydraulic rod 8 is movably sleeved at both ends of the front supporting shaft 5 and located on the inside of the front supporting wheel 6, and the top of the front conversion hydraulic rod 8 is movably connected to the middle shaft 9, and a transmission track wheel 10 is fixedly sleeved at both ends of the driving shaft 4, and a crawler track 11 is movably clamped at the top of the transmission track wheel 10, and the crawler track 11 is movably connected to the bottom of the rear supporting wheel 2 and the front supporting shaft 5 respectively, and a conversion device 13 is movably sleeved in the middle of the driving shaft 4 and the middle shaft 9 respectively, and a helical gear 14 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the power shaft 16, and the conversion device 13 is meshed with the helical gear 14, and rubber wheels 15 are fixedly installed at both ends of the middle shaft 9.

[0022] Among them, the rear support shaft 1 and the front support shaft 5, the rear support wheel 2 and the front support wheel 6, the rear conversion hydraulic rod 7 and the front conversion hydraulic rod 8 have the same specifications and are symmetrically distributed with the middle axis 9 as the center. The rotation angle of the rear conversion hydraulic rod 7 and the front conversion hydraulic rod 8 is 0-30 degrees. Through the extension and shortening of the rear conversion hydraulic rod 7 and the front conversion hydraulic rod 8, and with the cooperation of the fixed connecting rod 3, the angle between the rear conversion hydraulic rod 7 and the front conversion hydraulic rod 8 is changed, so that the rear support wheel 2 and the front support wheel 6 are expanded to both sides and the height of the middle axis 9 is gradually reduced, so that the contact area between the crawler 11 and the bottom surface is gradually increased, thereby increasing the carrying capacity of the tractor and improving the tractor's towing ability. When the lowering height of the middle axis 9 reaches the limit, the rubber wheel 15 contacts the ground, and the crawler 11 gradually separates from the ground, thereby increasing the long-distance transportation capacity of the tractor and reducing transportation costs.

[0023] Among them, a limit block is fixedly installed on the right end of the rear conversion hydraulic rod 7, and the limit block is arc-shaped. When the rear conversion hydraulic rod 7 and the front conversion hydraulic rod 8 rotate to a horizontal position, the limit blocks on the rear conversion hydraulic rod 7 and the front conversion hydraulic rod 8 fit together and press against each other to prevent the rear conversion hydraulic rod 7 and the front conversion hydraulic rod 8 from excessive rotation, causing the crawler 11 to contact the central axis 9, causing a safety hazard, thereby increasing the safety of the device.

[0024] Among them, the driving track wheel 10 includes a protection wheel 101 and a power transmission wheel 102. The protection wheel 101 is fixedly installed at both ends of the driving shaft 4. The driving shaft 4 has two groups, and each group has two. The power transmission wheel 102 is fixedly installed on the driving shaft 4 and is located in the middle of the protection wheel 101. The power transmission wheel 102 is engaged with the track 11. The power transmission wheel 102 drives the track 11 to rotate through the power transmission of the central shaft 9, providing the main power for the tractor to work and move. At the same time, the protection wheel 101 effectively provides support to prevent the track 11 from getting stuck with the power transmission wheel 102 when the shape of the track 11 changes, thereby increasing the safety of the device.

[0025] Among them, the conversion device 13 includes a transmission gear 131, a connecting ring 132 and a control hydraulic rod 133. The transmission gear 131 is movably sleeved on the driving shaft 4, the transmission gear 131 is meshed with the bevel gear 14, the transmission gear 131 is movably connected with the connecting ring 132, the connecting ring 132 is located on the right side of the transmission gear 131, and the control hydraulic rod 133 is fixedly installed on the body. The left end of the control hydraulic rod 133 is fixedly connected to the connecting ring 132, and the extension and retraction of the control hydraulic rod 133 are controlled, so that the transmission gear 131 and the bevel gear 14 can be meshed and switched, thereby changing the power transmission of the tractor so that it has multiple operating modes.

[0026] Working principle: first, the rear conversion hydraulic rod 7 and the front conversion hydraulic rod 8 are extended to spread the bottom of the crawler 11 to both sides until the rear conversion hydraulic rod 7 and the front conversion hydraulic rod 8 are in a horizontal state. With the cooperation of the fixed connecting rod 3, the height of the middle shaft 9 is lowered, and the rubber wheel 15 is in contact with the ground, and the crawler 11 is separated from the bottom surface. At the same time, the control hydraulic rod 133 is used to disengage the transmission gear 131 on the middle shaft 9 from the bevel gear 14, and the transmission gear 131 on the driving shaft 4 is meshed with the bevel gear 14, so that the power transmitted by the diesel engine 18 is transmitted to the rubber wheel 15, and the tractor is transported over long distances to the work site. After reaching the location, the extension rods of the rear conversion hydraulic rod 7 and the front conversion hydraulic rod 8 are retracted, so that the height of the middle shaft 9 rises, and the rubber wheel 15 is separated from the ground, and then the two conversion devices 13 are operated at the same time, so that the transmission gear 131 on the driving shaft 4 is separated from the bevel gear 14, and the transmission gear 131 on the middle shaft 9 is meshed with the bevel gear 14, and the power is transmitted to the transmission crawler wheel 10, which drives the crawler 11 to transmit and start working. When the tractor is working on a slippery ground and sinks into the ground, or the drag force is insufficient, the rear conversion hydraulic rod 7 and the front conversion hydraulic rod 8 are partially extended, so that the rubber wheel 15 and the crawler 11 contact the ground at the same time, thereby increasing the contact area with the bottom surface, and increasing the bearing capacity and reaction force.

[0027] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A crawler tractor, comprising a rear support shaft (1), a front support shaft (5), a power shaft (16), a gearbox (17), a diesel engine (18), front wheels (19) and a fuselage, wherein the front end of the power shaft (16) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the gearbox (17), the front end of the gearbox (17) is fixedly connected to the diesel engine (18), the diesel engine (18) is fixedly mounted on the fuselage, and the front wheels (19) are movably connected to the fuselage, characterized in that: The two ends of the rear support shaft (1) are movably sleeved with the rear support wheels (2), the two ends of the rear support shaft (1) and located outside the rear support wheels (2) are movably sleeved with fixed connecting rods (3), the top end of the fixed connecting rod (3) is movably connected with the driving shaft (4), the two ends of the rear support shaft (1) and located inside the rear support wheels (2) are movably sleeved with rear conversion hydraulic rods (7), the top end of the rear conversion hydraulic rod (7) is movably sleeved with the middle shaft (9), the two ends of the front support shaft (5) are movably sleeved with the front support wheels (6), the two ends of the driving shaft (4) and located outside the front support wheels (6) are movably sleeved with another fixed connecting rod (3), the top end of the other fixed connecting rod (3) is movably connected to the driving shaft (4), the Front conversion hydraulic rods (8) are movably sleeved at both ends of the front support shaft (5) and located on the inner side of the front support wheel (6); the top end of the front conversion hydraulic rod (8) is movably connected to the middle shaft (9); transmission track wheels (10) are fixedly sleeved at both ends of the driving shaft (4); a track (11) is movably clamped at the top end of the transmission track wheel (10); the track (11) is movably connected to the rear support wheel (2) and the bottom of the front support shaft (5), respectively; conversion devices (13) are movably sleeved at the middle of the driving shaft (4) and the middle shaft (9), respectively; a helical gear (14) is fixedly mounted at the rear end of the power shaft (16); the conversion device (13) meshes with the helical gear (14); and rubber wheels (15) are fixedly mounted at both ends of the middle shaft (9); The conversion device (13) comprises a transmission gear (131), a connecting ring (132) and a control hydraulic rod (133); the transmission gear (131) is movably sleeved on the driving shaft (4); the transmission gear (131) is meshed with the bevel gear (14); the transmission gear (131) is movably connected to the connecting ring (132); the connecting ring (132) is located on the right side of the transmission gear (131); the control hydraulic rod (133) is fixedly mounted on the fuselage; and the left end of the control hydraulic rod (133) is fixedly connected to the connecting ring (132); The rear conversion hydraulic rod (7) and the front conversion hydraulic rod (8) are extended to spread the bottom of the crawler track (11) to both sides until the rear conversion hydraulic rod (7) and the front conversion hydraulic rod (8) are in a horizontal state. With the cooperation of the fixed connecting rod (3), the height of the middle shaft (9) is lowered, and the rubber wheel (15) is in contact with the ground, and the crawler track (11) is separated from the bottom surface. At the same time, the control hydraulic rod (133) is used to separate the transmission gear (131) on the middle shaft (9) from the bevel gear (14), and the transmission gear (131) on the driving shaft (4) is meshed with the bevel gear (14), so that the power transmitted by the diesel engine (18) is transmitted to the rubber wheel (15), and the tractor is transported over a long distance to the work site. After arriving at the work site, The extension rods of the rear conversion hydraulic rod (7) and the front conversion hydraulic rod (8) are retracted, so that the height of the middle shaft (9) is raised, so that the rubber wheel (15) is separated from the ground, and then the two conversion devices (13) are operated simultaneously, so that the transmission gear (131) on the driving shaft (4) is separated from the bevel gear (14), and the transmission gear (131) on the middle shaft (9) is meshed with the bevel gear (14), and the power is transmitted to the transmission crawler wheel (10), driving the crawler (11) to drive and start working. When the tractor is working on a slippery ground and sinks into the ground, or the drag force is insufficient, the rear conversion hydraulic rod (7) and the front conversion hydraulic rod (8) are partially extended, so that the rubber wheel (15) and the crawler (11) contact the ground at the same time, thereby increasing the contact area with the bottom surface, and increasing the bearing capacity and reaction force.

2. A crawler tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear support shaft (1) and the front support shaft (5), the rear support wheel (2) and the front support wheel (6), the rear conversion hydraulic rod (7) and the front conversion hydraulic rod (8) have the same specifications and are symmetrically distributed around the central axis (9), and the rotation angle of the rear conversion hydraulic rod (7) and the front conversion hydraulic rod (8) is 0-30 degrees.

3. A crawler tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit block is fixedly mounted on the right end of the rear conversion hydraulic rod (7), and the limit block is in an arc shape.

4. A crawler tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving crawler wheel (10) comprises a protection wheel (101) and a power transmission wheel (102); the protection wheel (101) is fixedly mounted on both ends of a driving shaft (4); the driving shaft (4) has two groups, each group having two wheels; the power transmission wheel (102) is fixedly mounted on the driving shaft (4) and is located in the middle of the protection wheel (101); the power transmission wheel (102) is meshed with the crawler track (11).

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