A gear milling machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a gear milling machine, which provides another workbench installation structure. A gear milling machine comprises a frame, a gear milling mechanism arranged on the frame, and a workbench base arranged on the frame, wherein the workbench base floats on the frame through a hydrostatic mechanism, a workbench is arranged on the workbench base, a gear ring having the same rotation axis as the workbench base is fixed on the workbench, and the gear ring is meshed with an output gear of a driving mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gear ring processing equipment, and in particular relates to a gear milling machine. Background Art

[0002] The gear milling machine is used to process the transmission teeth of the gear ring. At present, the gear milling machine includes a base, a workbench and a gear milling mechanism. The gear ring blank to be processed is fixed on the workbench, and the gear milling operation is performed by the gear milling mechanism. The workbench can be installed on the base through a slewing support.

[0003] The Chinese invention with publication number CN201552344U and publication date of August 18, 2010 discloses a transmission backlash elimination device for a CNC gear milling machine, which is characterized in that: a left flange end cover and a right flange end cover are installed on both side walls of the milling head housing, a transmission shaft is movably installed between the left flange end cover and the right flange end cover, an intermediate power input gear and symmetrical transmission helical gears at both ends are installed on the transmission shaft, the right end transmission helical gear is an axial adjustment helical gear, and a push bearing and a driving oil cylinder are installed at the outer end of the axial adjustment helical gear; the left end transmission helical gear is a circumferential adjustment helical gear, and a tension sleeve is installed between the circumferential adjustment helical gear and the transmission shaft. The transmission backlash elimination device for a CNC gear milling machine of this structure adjusts the clearance by driving the axial adjustment helical gear to move and adjust the clearance through the oil cylinder, and its adjustment range is relatively small. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a gear milling machine, which provides another workbench mounting structure.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A gear milling machine comprises a frame, a gear milling mechanism arranged on the frame, and a workbench base placed on the frame. The workbench base floats on the frame through a hydraulic static pressure mechanism. A workbench is provided on the workbench base. A gear ring with the same rotation axis as the workbench base is fixed on the workbench. The gear ring is meshed with an output gear of a driving mechanism.

[0007] On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferred scheme of the above scheme: the hydraulic static pressure mechanism includes an annular groove arranged on the frame, an annular protrusion arranged on the workbench base for inserting into the groove, a first static pressure chamber is arranged on the bottom surface of the groove, and a first oil channel connected to the first static pressure chamber is provided on the frame.

[0008] On the basis of the above solution and as a preferred solution of the above solution: the first static pressure chamber is located in the area directly facing the convex part.

[0009] On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferred scheme of the above scheme: a pressure cover is fixed on the frame, a part of the pressure cover extends above the workbench base, and there is a gap between the pressure cover and the workbench base in the height direction, a second static pressure chamber is arranged on the pressure cover at a position opposite to the workbench base, and a second oil channel connected to the second static pressure chamber is arranged on the pressure cover.

[0010] On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferred scheme of the above scheme: a third static pressure chamber is provided at a position relative to the inner side surface of the groove and the inner side surface of the convex portion, and a third oil channel connected to the third static pressure chamber is provided on the frame.

[0011] On the basis of the above solution and as a preferred solution of the above solution: the inner side surface of the groove is a conical surface.

[0012] On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferred scheme of the above scheme: the third static pressure chamber includes a third static pressure chamber one, a third static pressure chamber two and a third static pressure chamber three, the third static pressure chamber one is annular structure, the second oil channel is connected with the third static pressure chamber one, one end of the third static pressure chamber two is connected with the third static pressure chamber one, the other end of the third static pressure chamber two terminates on the inner side surface of the groove, one end of the third static pressure chamber three is connected with the third static pressure chamber one, and the other end of the third static pressure chamber three is connected to the step surface at the top of the groove, and a first oil return channel is provided on the step surface.

[0013] On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferred scheme of the above scheme: a positioning cylinder is provided on the gland.

[0014] On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferred scheme of the above scheme: the milling mechanism includes a milling power source, a first shaft transmission-connected to the milling power source, a first bevel gear fixed on the first shaft, a second bevel gear also sleeved on the first shaft, one end of the second bevel gear abuts against the first shaft ring, and the other end of the second bevel gear is fixed with a backlash eliminater 1, the backlash eliminater 1 forms a clearance fit with the first shaft, a backlash eliminater 2 whose axial position can be released is provided on the first shaft, the backlash eliminater 2 forms an axial connection with the first shaft, the backlash eliminater 1 and the backlash eliminater 2 form an axial meshing fit, and when the axial position of the backlash eliminater 2 is released and moved, space will be made for the backlash eliminater 1 and the backlash eliminater 2 to disengage.

[0015] On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferred scheme of the above scheme: the second backlash eliminater is connected to the first shaft by a flat key or a spline to form an axial connection; a second shaft ring for limiting the axial position of the second backlash eliminater is fixed on the first shaft.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following outstanding and beneficial technical effects:

[0017] The gear milling machine of the present invention adopts a hydrostatic mechanism. When the hydrostatic mechanism is working, the workbench base can float on the frame and an oil film is established between the workbench base and the frame, so that the workbench base can operate under the condition of low friction coefficient on the frame. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the frame of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the frame of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the gland of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the backlash eliminater of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the backlash eliminater 2 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the gear milling mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a workbench base of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.10 It is a sectional view of a partial structure of the workbench base of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the given embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0030] In the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.

[0031] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 The present invention discloses a gear milling machine, comprising a frame 100, a gear milling mechanism 200 arranged on the frame 100, and a workbench base 300 placed on the frame 100, wherein the workbench base 300 floats on the frame 100 through a hydrostatic mechanism in a working state. That is, the gear milling machine of the present invention is equipped with a hydrostatic mechanism, and when the hydrostatic mechanism is working (i.e., pressurized oil is injected into the hydrostatic mechanism), the workbench base 300 can float on the frame 100, and an oil film is established between the workbench base 300 and the frame 100, so that the workbench base 300 operates under the condition of a low friction coefficient on the frame 100.

[0032] A workbench 400 is disposed on the workbench base 300. A gear ring 501 having the same rotation axis as the workbench base 300 is fixed to the workbench 400. The gear ring 501 is meshed with an output gear 502 of the driving mechanism 500. In the present invention, the driving mechanism 500 provides driving force for the workbench 400 to rotate.

[0033] In this embodiment, a fixture 600 is provided on the workbench 400, which is used to clamp the gear ring blank 601 to be milled.

[0034] See also Figure 3 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 In this embodiment, the hydrostatic mechanism includes an annular groove 11 provided on the frame 100, and an annular protrusion 31 provided on the workbench base 300 for inserting into the groove 11. After the workbench base 300 is assembled on the frame 100, the protrusion 31 is inserted into the groove 11, the annular groove 11 and the annular protrusion 31 have the same rotation axis, and there is a gap between the side of the protrusion 31 and the side of the groove 11, so that the workbench base 300 can rotate relative to the frame 100 under the drive mechanism. A first static pressure chamber 12 is provided on the bottom surface 11a of the groove 11, and a first oil passage 13 connected to the first static pressure chamber 12 is provided on the frame 100. In one embodiment, as shown in the figure, the first static pressure chamber 12 adopts a groove-shaped structure, and the first oil passage 13 is connected to the bottom wall of the groove-shaped structure. In specific applications, after the working medium oil is injected into the first oil passage 13, the working medium oil fills the first static pressure chamber 12, and after the oil pressure overcomes the gravity of the workbench base 300 and its accessories, the workbench base 300 floats. As a result, the workbench base 300 rotates under the condition of low friction coefficient.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first static pressure chamber 12 is located in the area directly opposite to the convex portion 31. The first static pressure chamber 12 includes the first static pressure chamber 1 121, the first static pressure chamber 2 122, the first static pressure chamber 3 123 and the first static pressure chamber 4 124. As shown in the figure, the first static pressure chamber 1 121, the first static pressure chamber 2 122, the first static pressure chamber 3 123 and the first static pressure chamber 4 124 are arranged in a W shape, wherein the first static pressure chamber 1 121 extends along the circumference of the groove, and the first static pressure chamber 2 122, the first static pressure chamber 3 123 and the first static pressure chamber 4 124 extend in the width direction of the groove. The first oil channel 13 is arranged at the intersection of the first static pressure chamber 1 121 and the first static pressure chamber 3 123. It should be pointed out that the first static pressure chamber 12 can also adopt other specific shapes, such as a straight line, a Z shape, etc.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown in , there are a plurality of first static pressure chambers 12, each of which is configured to communicate with a first oil passage 13, and a plurality of first static pressure chambers 12 are distributed along the circumference of the groove 11. A protrusion 125 is provided in a local area of ​​the bottom surface 11a of the groove 11, and the first static pressure chamber 12 is provided on the protrusion 125. There are a plurality of protrusions 125, and each protrusion 125 is configured with a first static pressure chamber 12. A groove 126 is formed in the portion of the bottom surface of the groove 11 where no protrusion is provided, and an oil return passage 127 is provided on the bottom surface of the groove.

[0037] In this embodiment, a gland 14 is fixed on the frame 100, and a part of the gland 14 extends above the workbench base 300, and there is a gap between the gland 14 and the workbench base 300 in the height direction. A second static pressure chamber 15 is provided on the gland 14 at a position directly opposite to the workbench base 300, and a plane 300a is provided at a position directly opposite to the second static pressure chamber on the workbench base 300. A second oil passage 154 connected to the second static pressure chamber 15 is provided on the gland 14. By providing the second static pressure chamber 15, in a specific application, downward pressure is applied to the workbench base 300 by means of the working medium oil in the second static pressure chamber 15, so that the workbench base 300 runs smoothly.

[0038] See also Figure 5 In this embodiment, the second static pressure chamber 15 also adopts a groove-shaped structure. Specifically, the second static pressure chamber 15 includes a second static pressure chamber 151, a second static pressure chamber 152, and a second static pressure chamber 153, and the second static pressure chamber 151, the second static pressure chamber 152, and the second static pressure chamber 153 are arranged in a Z shape. The second oil passage 154 is provided on the second static pressure chamber 152. Of course, the second static pressure chamber 15 can also adopt other shapes.

[0039] The pressure cover 14 is provided with a mounting hole 141 for mounting the positioning cylinder 18 .

[0040] In this embodiment, there are six glands 14, and correspondingly, there are six second static pressure chambers. Of course, the number of glands and the number of second static pressure chambers can be arbitrarily configured.

[0041] In this embodiment, a third static pressure chamber 16 is provided at a position relative to the inner side surface 11b of the groove 11 and the inner side surface 31a of the convex portion 31, and a third oil passage 17 connected to the third static pressure chamber 16 is provided on the frame 100. By configuring the third static pressure chamber, under the action of the working medium oil in the third static pressure chamber, the workbench base 300 obtains the same rotation axis as the groove 11, and in addition, an oil film is established between the inner side surface 11b of the groove 11 and the inner side surface 31a of the convex portion 31 to reduce the friction coefficient between the workbench base 300 and the frame 100, which is conducive to the rotation of the workbench base 300.

[0042] Preferably, the inner side surface of the groove 11 is a conical surface, that is, a truncated cone side structure, such as Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , the inner side surface of the groove 11 is tapered. By setting the structure of the inner side surface 11b of the groove 11, it is beneficial to establish an oil film.

[0043] In this embodiment, the third static pressure chamber 16 includes a third static pressure chamber 161, a third static pressure chamber 2 162 and a third static pressure chamber 3 163. The third static pressure chamber 161 is an annular structure. The third oil channel 17 is connected to the third static pressure chamber 161. One end of the third static pressure chamber 2 162 is connected to the third static pressure chamber 1 161. The other end of the third static pressure chamber 2 162 terminates on the inner side surface of the groove 11. One end of the third static pressure chamber 3 163 is connected to the third static pressure chamber 1 161. The other end of the third static pressure chamber 3 is connected to the step surface 11c at the top of the groove 11. The step surface is provided with a first oil return channel 164.

[0044] In this embodiment, a positioning cylinder 18 is provided on the pressure cover 14. By providing the positioning cylinder 18, when the workbench base 300 stops rotating, the positioning cylinder 18 can be used to press the workbench base 300 to prevent the workbench base 300 from deflecting, thereby providing a stable workbench 400 for the gear milling mechanism 200 during the gear milling process.

[0045] like Figure 8As shown in , the milling gear mechanism 200 includes a milling gear power source 20, a first shaft 21 that is transmission-connected to the milling gear power source 20, and a first bevel gear 211 is fixed on the first shaft 21. In this embodiment, the first bevel gear 211 forms a linkage with the first shaft 21. When the first shaft 21 is driven, the first bevel gear 211 rotates simultaneously with the first shaft 21. Usually, the first bevel gear 211 is directly formed on the first shaft 21. A second bevel gear 212 is also sleeved on the first shaft 21. The shaft hole on the second bevel gear 212 forms a clearance fit with the first shaft 21. The first shaft 21 does not directly drive the second bevel gear 212. In the present invention, the first shaft 21 drives the second bevel gear 212 to rotate through the mutually matching backlash eliminater 1 231 and backlash eliminater 2 232. One end of the second bevel gear 212 abuts against the first shaft ring 24, and a backlash eliminater 231 is fixed to the other end of the second bevel gear 212. The backlash eliminater 231 forms a clearance fit with the first shaft 21. The first shaft 21 is provided with a backlash eliminater 232 whose axial position can be released. The backlash eliminater 232 forms an axial connection with the first shaft 21. The backlash eliminater 231 and the backlash eliminater 232 form an axial meshing fit. When the axial position of the backlash eliminater 232 is released and moved, space will be made for the backlash eliminater 231 and the backlash eliminater 232 to disengage.

[0046] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown in the figure, a tooth 1 2311 is provided on the end surface of the backlash eliminater 1 231, and a tooth 2321 is provided on the end surface of the backlash eliminater 232, and the tooth 1 2311 and the tooth 2 2321 are meshed with each other on the same axis. The tooth surface 231a of the tooth 1 2311 and the tooth surface 232a of the tooth 2 2321 are inclined surfaces, so that the tooth 1 2311 and the tooth 2 2321 are meshed with each other without gap. In one embodiment, the number of teeth 1 2311 on the backlash eliminater 1 231 is 71, and the number of teeth 2 2321 on the backlash eliminater 2 232 is 71, so that the backlash eliminater 1 231 and the backlash eliminater 2 232 that cooperate with each other can eliminate a minimum of 5 degrees of backlash on the meshing helical gear pair on the two axes. Of course, the number of teeth 1 2311 and the number of teeth 2 2321 can be other numbers.

[0047] In one embodiment, the backlash eliminater 232 is connected to the first shaft 21 by a flat key or a spline to form an axial connection. A removable second shaft ring is fixed on the first shaft 21 for limiting the axial position of the backlash eliminater 232. In a specific application, the second shaft ring is removed to make room for the axial movement of the backlash eliminater 232. After the backlash eliminater 232 is moved, the backlash eliminater 1 231 and the backlash eliminater 232 are separated from each other, and the backlash between the mutually meshing teeth on the two shafts of the backlash eliminater 1 231 and the second bevel gear 212 is adjusted.

[0048] In this embodiment, the gear milling mechanism 200 includes a first shaft 21 and a gear milling cutter shaft, the first shaft 21 is an input shaft, and the gear milling cutter shaft 25 is an output shaft for mounting a gear milling cutter. The first shaft 21 is connected to the gear milling cutter shaft through a bevel gear (including a first bevel gear 211 and a second bevel gear 212). Specifically, in one embodiment, the gear milling mechanism 200 includes a first shaft 21, a second shaft 1 221, a second shaft 222, a third shaft 1 231, a third shaft 2 232, a fourth shaft 1 241, a fourth shaft 2 242, and a gear milling cutter shaft 25. The first bevel gear 211 on the first shaft 21 is used to drive the second shaft 221 to rotate, the second shaft 221 drives the third shaft 231 to rotate, the third shaft 231 drives the fourth shaft 241 to rotate, the second bevel gear 212 on the first shaft 21 is used to drive the second shaft 222 to rotate, the second shaft 222 drives the third shaft 2 232 to rotate, the third shaft 2 232 drives the fourth shaft 2 242 to rotate, and the fourth shaft 1 241 and the fourth shaft 2 242 are connected to the milling cutter shaft 25 in transmission connection. The second shaft 1 221, the second shaft 222, the third shaft 1 231, the third shaft 2 232, the fourth shaft 1 241, the fourth shaft 2 242 and the milling cutter shaft 25 are all equipped with helical gears for transmission, and the first helical gear 211 is oriented in the opposite direction to the second helical gear 212, the helical gear on the second shaft 1 221 is oriented in the opposite direction to the helical gear of the same specification on the second shaft 2 222, the helical gear on the third shaft 1 231 is oriented in the opposite direction to the helical gear of the same specification on the third shaft 2 232, the helical gear on the fourth shaft 1 241 is oriented in the opposite direction to the helical gear of the same specification on the fourth shaft 2 242, and the two helical gears on the milling cutter shaft 25 are oriented in the opposite direction to facilitate the elimination of tooth clearance. This belongs to the prior art and will not be described in detail here. It should be pointed out that other levels of transmission can be formed between the first shaft 21 and the milling cutter shaft 25.

[0049] It should be pointed out that the gears face in opposite directions, that is, the tooth profiles are in opposite directions after assembly.

[0050] In this embodiment, the gear milling mechanism 200 further includes a box 26, the first shaft 21 is distributed in the upper part of the box, the gear milling cutter shaft 25 is distributed in the lower part of the box 26, and a plurality of oil distribution holes 27 are provided on the top of the box 26 just above the first shaft 21, a part of the oil distribution holes is opposite to the first bevel gear 211, and another part of the oil distribution holes 27 is opposite to the second bevel gear 212. Thus, a shower lubrication is formed, so that the lubricating oil can be drawn out in time, and the lubricating oil can be prevented from accumulating too much in the box, and the gears can be effectively lubricated, thereby reducing the amount of lubricating oil used.

[0051] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear milling machine, comprising a frame, and a gear milling mechanism arranged on the frame, characterized in that: The gear wheel is connected to the gear box by a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism comprises a gear wheel that is fixed to the gear box and has a first gear that is in rotation with the first gear box. The shaft hole on the second helical gear forms a clearance fit with the first shaft, the first shaft does not directly drive the second helical gear, and the first shaft drives the second helical gear to rotate through the mutually matched backlash eliminater 1 and backlash eliminater 2; The first shaft is connected to the milling cutter shaft through a helical gear; The end surface of the first backlash eliminater is provided with a first tooth, and the end surface of the second backlash eliminater is provided with a second tooth. The tooth surface of the first tooth and the tooth surface on the second tooth are inclined surfaces, so that the first tooth and the second tooth are meshed together without gap.

2. The gear milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic static pressure mechanism includes an annular groove arranged on the frame, an annular protrusion arranged on the workbench base for inserting into the groove, a first static pressure chamber is arranged on the bottom surface of the groove, and a first oil channel connected to the first static pressure chamber is arranged on the frame.

3. The gear milling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first static pressure chamber is located in the area directly facing the convex portion.

4. The gear milling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pressure cover is fixed on the frame, a part of which extends above the workbench base, and there is a gap between the pressure cover and the workbench base in the height direction. A second static pressure chamber is arranged on the pressure cover at a position opposite to the workbench base, and a second oil channel connected to the second static pressure chamber is arranged on the pressure cover.

5. The gear milling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third static pressure chamber is arranged at a position opposite to the inner side surface of the groove and the inner side surface of the convex portion, and a third oil passage communicating with the third static pressure chamber is arranged on the frame.

6. The gear milling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner side surface of the groove is a conical surface.

7. The gear milling machine according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The third static pressure chamber includes a third static pressure chamber one, a third static pressure chamber two and a third static pressure chamber three. The third static pressure chamber one is an annular structure. The second oil channel is connected to the third static pressure chamber one. One end of the third static pressure chamber two is connected to the third static pressure chamber one. The other end of the third static pressure chamber two terminates on the inner side surface of the groove. One end of the third static pressure chamber three is connected to the third static pressure chamber one. The other end of the third static pressure chamber three is connected to the step surface at the top of the groove. A first oil return channel is provided on the step surface.

8. The gear milling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gland is provided with a positioning oil cylinder.

9. The gear milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second backlash eliminater is connected to the first shaft by a flat key or a spline to form an axial connection; a second shaft ring for limiting the axial position of the second backlash eliminater is fixed on the first shaft.

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