A centrifugal high-speed seed meter

Abstract

The present invention is specifically a centrifugal high-speed seeding device, which solves the problems of poor seeding quality and low efficiency of existing broadcast seeding devices. A seeding wheel is arranged between the left support frame and the right support frame, and a limited seed box and seeding holes are arranged in the seeding wheel; a seed blocking sleeve is sleeved on the seeding wheel, and a seed protection hole is opened on the seed blocking sleeve, and a seeding shell is sleeved on the seed blocking sleeve, and a seed outlet hole is arranged at the lower end of the seeding shell; an adjustment disk is arranged at the right end of the seed blocking sleeve, and a seed delivery pipe is arranged between the seed box and the limited seed box, a seeding shaft is arranged at the center of the left end of the seeding wheel, and a seeding sprocket is arranged at the left end of the seeding shaft. The present invention greatly improves the sowing quality and improves the sowing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a seed meter for a seeder, in particular to a centrifugal high-speed seed meter. Background Art

[0002] Small- and medium-grain crops, such as buckwheat, have shallow root systems and short growing seasons, so they are traditionally planted by broadcasting. Broadcasting, while disorganized, offers advantages in preventing lodging, but it hinders mechanized harvesting and is labor-intensive and time-consuming to manage.

[0003] The most important part of a seeder is the seed meter, which can be divided into broadcast, row, and spot types according to the planting mode. Broadcast seeders greatly affect the various coefficients of seeds and have low sowing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of poor sowing quality and low sowing efficiency of existing broadcasting type seed metering devices, the present invention provides a centrifugal high-speed seed metering device.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical scheme: a centrifugal high-speed seed metering device, comprising a seed box and a left support frame and a right support frame distributed on the left and right, a seed wheel is arranged between the left support frame and the right support frame, the side wall of the cavity inside the seed wheel is shaped as two conical surfaces distributed on the left and right, and a seed limiting box with a gap matching the lower side wall and an opening at the lower end is arranged in the seed wheel, and seed holes uniformly arranged and corresponding to the left and right directions are opened at the cone angle of each cone surface; a seed blocking sleeve is sleeved on the seed wheel with a gap matching the seed wheel, and a seed blocking sleeve is opened with a gap matching the seed wheel. The seed protection hole corresponds to the position of the seed hole, and the seed blocking sleeve is provided with a seed shell with a clearance fit therewith and an open structure on the right end face. The left side wall of the seed shell is bolted to the left support frame, and the lower end of the seed shell is provided with seed outlet holes corresponding to the left and right positions of the seed protection hole; the right end of the seed blocking sleeve is provided with an adjustment plate that is clamped with it and connected to the seed wheel bolts, and a seed delivery pipe that communicates with the seed box and the seed limiting box is provided between the two, and a seed shaft connected to the left end of the seed wheel is provided at the center of the left end, and a seed sprocket is provided at the left end of the seed shaft.

[0006] During seeding, the drive mechanism rotates the seeding sprocket, which in turn rotates the seeding shaft and the seeding wheel. At the same time, the seeds enter the seeding box from the seed box through the seed delivery tube. The seeds then fall into the space formed by the seeding box and the seeding wheel and rotate. During the rotation, the seeds are pressed into the seeding hole by centrifugal force and rotate with the seeding wheel, completing the seeding. Due to the action of centrifugal force, the seeds are pressed into the seed protection hole for seed protection. When the seeds rotate to the seeding hole, without the support of the seeding shell, the seeds pass through the seed outlet under the action of centrifugal force to complete the seeding process. During the rotation of the seeding wheel, the excess seeds near the seeding hole are scraped off by the seeding box. Therefore, when the centrifugal force is large enough, the number of seeds discharged is the same as the seeds in the seeding hole. This overcomes the problems of poor seeding quality and low efficiency of existing broadcast seeding devices.

[0007] A seed delivery shaft is provided at the center of the right end of the seed wheel, and a sealed bearing is provided between the seed delivery shaft and the adjusting disk, which is tightly fitted with the adjusting disk. A spring retaining ring is provided on the left end face of the outer ring of the sealed bearing, which is tightly fitted with the spring retaining ring and clamped on the seed delivery shaft. A shaft sleeve is provided on the seed delivery shaft, which has a clearance fit with the spring retaining ring and is tightly fitted with the inner ring of the sealed bearing. The shaft sleeve is connected to the right support frame by bolts.

[0008] This structural design ensures that the seeds enter the rotating seed wheel through the adjustment disk and the seed tube remains stationary.

[0009] The number of the seed protection holes in the circumferential direction of the seed blocking sleeve is three, six or twelve, a plurality of card slots are evenly distributed on the right side wall of the seed blocking sleeve, and a card block matching the card slot is provided on the adjustment disk.

[0010] The seed blocking sleeve is equipped with different numbers of seed protection holes. By rotating the seed blocking sleeve, the amount of seeds discharged can be changed, thereby coordinating with different tractor forward speeds and regulating the displacement; the adjustment disk and the seed blocking sleeve are coordinated to make the two become a whole to achieve synchronous rotation and are easy to disassemble.

[0011] A circular hole is provided on the right end face of the seed wheel, and a cylindrical sleeve is provided in the middle of the left end face of the seed wheel, which is integral with it and extends inward, and a transmission sleeve that cooperates with the seed shaft is fixed to the inner end of the cylindrical sleeve; a cylindrical sleeve I is provided in the middle of the left end face of the seed shell, which is integral with it and extends inward, and the cylindrical sleeve I is located on the inner side of the cylindrical sleeve, and a bearing that is sleeved on the seed shaft is provided in the cylindrical sleeve I, and a limiting clamp is provided on the cylindrical sleeve I, which is close to the left and right side walls of the bearing.

[0012] The length of the seed outlet is 39 mm, the central angle of the seed outlet is 30°, and the position angle of the seed outlet is 20°.

[0013] The conditions for the seed to not touch the other side of the seed outlet after being thrown are:

[0014]

[0015] Where:

[0016] t-time of seed movement during discharge (s);

[0017] R-seed wheel radius (mm);

[0018] H-resistance sleeve thickness (mm);

[0019] l-seed length (mm);

[0020] ω - rotation speed of the seed (rad / s);

[0021] θ-the central angle of the seed hole (°);

[0022] h-shell thickness (mm);

[0023] The length of the seed hole must meet the following conditions:

[0024]

[0025] Where: Δθ-position angle corresponding to the seed hole;

[0026] By calculation: L = 39 mm, where θ = 30°, Δθ = 20°.

[0027] The structural design of the present invention is reasonable and reliable. It uses centrifugal force to evenly sow seeds in the field, greatly improving the sowing quality and realizing high-speed sowing of seeds. While reducing labor costs, it improves sowing efficiency and meets the consistency variation coefficient of seed row displacement, the consistency variation coefficient of total displacement and the breakage rate, meeting the performance index requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 1 is a structural diagram of the seed wheel;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium resistance sleeve;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle adjustment plate;

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle seed shell.

[0033] In the figure: 1-seed box, 2-left support frame, 3-right support frame, 4-seed wheel, 5-seed limit box, 6-seed hole, 7-seed blocking sleeve, 8-seed protection hole, 9-seed shell, 10-seed hole, 11-adjusting plate, 12-seed delivery tube, 13-seed shaft, 14-seed sprocket, 15-seed delivery shaft, 16-sealed bearing, 17-spring retaining ring, 18-sleeve, 19-card groove, 20-card block, 21-round hole, 22-cylindrical sleeve, 23-transmission sleeve, 24-cylindrical sleeve I, 25-bearing, 26-limiting snap ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] A centrifugal high-speed seed metering device includes a seed box 1 and a left support frame 2 and a right support frame 3 distributed on the left and right. A seed wheel 4 is provided between the left support frame 2 and the right support frame 3. The side wall of the cavity inside the seed wheel 4 is shaped as two conical surfaces distributed on the left and right. A seed limiting box 5 with a gap matching the lower side wall and an open lower end is provided in the seed wheel 4. Seed holes 6 are evenly distributed and corresponding to the left and right directions are opened at the cone angle of each cone.

[0035] The seed wheel 4 is sleeved with a seed blocking sleeve 7 with a clearance fit therewith, and a seed protection hole 8 corresponding to the position of the seed hole 6 is opened on the seed blocking sleeve 7. A seed shell 9 with a clearance fit therewith and an open structure on the right end face is sleeved on the seed blocking sleeve 7. The left side wall of the seed shell 9 is bolted to the left support frame 2, and the lower end of the seed shell 9 is provided with a seed outlet hole 10 corresponding to the left and right positions of the seed protection hole 8;

[0036] The right end of the seed-blocking sleeve 7 is provided with an adjustment plate 11 which is clamped with it and bolted to the seed wheel 4. A seed transport pipe 12 which is connected to the seed box 1 and the seed limiting box 5 is provided between the two. A seed shaft 13 connected to the seed wheel 4 is provided at the center of the left end, and a seed sprocket 14 is provided at the left end of the seed shaft 13.

[0037] A seed delivery shaft 15 is provided at the center of the right end of the seed wheel 4. A sealed bearing 16 is provided between the seed delivery shaft 15 and the adjusting disk 11, and is in close contact with the adjusting disk 11. The left end face of the outer ring of the sealed bearing 16 is provided with a spring retaining ring 17 that is in close contact with it and clamped on the seed delivery shaft 15. The seed delivery shaft 15 is sleeved with a sleeve 18 that has a clearance fit with it and is in close contact with the inner ring of the sealed bearing 16. The sleeve 18 is connected to the right support frame 3 by bolts.

[0038] The number of seed protection holes in the circumferential direction of the seed blocking sleeve 7 is three, six or twelve. The right side wall of the seed blocking sleeve 7 is evenly distributed with a plurality of card slots 19 , and the adjustment disk 11 is provided with a card block 20 that cooperates with the card slots 19 .

[0039] A circular hole 21 is provided on the right end face of the seed wheel 4, and a cylindrical sleeve 22 is provided in the middle of the left end face of the seed wheel 4, which is integral with it and extends inward. The inner end of the cylindrical sleeve 22 is fixed with a transmission sleeve 23 that cooperates with the seed shaft 13; a cylindrical sleeve I24 is provided in the middle of the left end face of the seed shell 9, which is integral with it and extends inward. The cylindrical sleeve I24 is located on the inner side of the cylindrical sleeve 22, and a bearing 25 is provided in the cylindrical sleeve I24, which is sleeved on the seed shaft 13. A limiting snap ring 26 is provided on the cylindrical sleeve I24, which is close to the left and right side walls of the bearing 25.

[0040] The length of the seed outlet 10 is 39 mm, the central angle corresponding to the seed outlet 10 is 30°, and the position angle corresponding to the seed outlet 10 is 20°.

[0041] During the specific implementation process, the centrifugal force on the seeds in the seed wheel 4 is:

[0042] F 离 =mω 2 r=m(2πn) 2 r;

[0043] Where:

[0044] m-mass of seeds (g);

[0045] n-seeding shaft speed (r / min);

[0046] The ratio of centrifugal force to gravity is:

[0047]

[0048] When Y≤1, the centrifugal force is less than or equal to gravity. At this time, when the seed hole 6 turns upward, all the seeds in it fall into the seed wheel 4, making it impossible for the seeds to be discharged; when Y>1, the centrifugal force is greater than gravity. In theory, the seeds in the seed hole 6 can pass through the highest point of the seed wheel 4, but in the experiment, when the centrifugal force is slightly greater than gravity, the seeding effect is not good, especially the coefficient of variation of the consistency of the displacement of each row does not meet the requirements. When the rotation speed is 150r / min~190r / min, the centrifugal force can completely press down the seeds, and the coefficient of variation of the consistency of the displacement of each row meets the requirements.

Claims

1. A centrifugal high-speed seed metering device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a seed box (1) and a left support frame (2) and a right support frame (3) which are distributed on the left and right sides, a seeding wheel (4) being arranged between the left support frame (2) and the right support frame (3), the side wall of the cavity inside the seeding wheel (4) being shaped as two conical surfaces which are distributed on the left and right sides, and a seed limiting box (5) which is matched with the clearance of the lower side wall and has an opening at the lower end thereof being arranged inside the seeding wheel (4), and seeding holes (6) which are evenly distributed and correspond to each other in the left and right directions are opened at the cone angle of each conical surface; The seeding wheel (4) is sleeved with a seed blocking sleeve (7) which is in clearance with the seeding wheel (4), and a seed protection hole (8) corresponding to the position of the seeding hole (6) is formed on the seed blocking sleeve (7). The seed blocking sleeve (7) is sleeved with a seeding shell (9) which is in clearance with the seeding wheel (4) and has an open structure on the right end face. The left side wall of the seeding shell (9) is bolted to the left support frame (2), and the lower end of the seeding shell (9) is provided with a seed outlet hole (10) corresponding to the left and right positions of the seed protection hole (8). The right end of the seed blocking sleeve (7) is provided with an adjustment plate (11) which is clamped therewith and bolted to the seed discharging wheel (4); a seed delivery pipe (12) which is in communication with the seed box (1) and the seed limiting box (5) is provided between the seed box (1) and the seed discharging wheel (4); a seed discharging shaft (13) which is connected thereto is provided at the center of the left end of the seed discharging wheel (4); and a seed discharging sprocket (14) is provided at the left end of the seed discharging shaft (13); A seed delivery shaft (15) is arranged at the center of the right end of the seed wheel (4); a sealed bearing (16) is arranged between the seed delivery shaft (15) and the adjustment plate (11) and is in close contact with the adjustment plate (11); a spring retaining ring (17) is arranged on the left end face of the outer ring of the sealed bearing (16) and is in close contact with the seed delivery shaft (15) and is clamped on the seed delivery shaft (15); a shaft sleeve (18) is sleeved on the seed delivery shaft (15) and is in clearance fit with the inner ring of the sealed bearing (16); the shaft sleeve (18) is connected to the right support frame (3) by bolts; The number of seed protection holes in the circumferential direction of the seed blocking sleeve (7) is three, six or twelve, a plurality of card slots (19) are evenly distributed on the right side wall of the seed blocking sleeve (7), and a card block (20) matching the card slot (19) is provided on the adjustment plate (11).

2. A centrifugal high-speed seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular hole (21) is formed on the right end surface of the seeding wheel (4); a cylindrical sleeve (22) is provided in the middle of the left end surface of the seeding wheel (4) and is integral with the seeding wheel (4) and extends inwardly; a transmission sleeve (23) that cooperates with the seeding shaft (13) is fixed to the inner end of the cylindrical sleeve (22); a cylindrical sleeve I (24) is provided in the middle of the left end surface of the seeding housing (9) and is integral with the seeding wheel (4) and extends inwardly; the cylindrical sleeve I (24) is located inside the cylindrical sleeve (22); a bearing (25) sleeved on the seeding shaft (13) is provided inside the cylindrical sleeve I (24); and a limit clamp (26) is provided on the cylindrical sleeve I (24) and is closely attached to the left and right side walls of the bearing (25).

3. A centrifugal high-speed seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the seed hole (10) is 39 mm, the center angle corresponding to the seed hole (10) is 30°, and the position angle corresponding to the seed hole (10) is 20°.

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