A mechanical properties testing system for prefabricated staircase components

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mechanical property testing system for prefabricated staircase components, including a downward pressure mechanism, which applies vertical downward pressure to the staircase components by hydraulic pressure; a translational load-bearing mechanism, which is arranged below the downward pressure mechanism and has the horizontal translational freedom to move out from directly below the downward pressure mechanism; the translational load-bearing mechanism also has rollers in contact with the lower surface of the staircase components, the rollers include upper rollers and lower rollers that are horizontal and parallel to each other, the upper rollers and the lower rollers are not at the same level and both form a line contact with the staircase components; a pressure transmission component, which is arranged between the downward pressure mechanism and the staircase components, the lower surface of the pressure transmission component contacts with a plurality of treads on the staircase components, and the upper surface of the pressure transmission component has a horizontal surface that the downward pressure mechanism contacts. The downward pressure test of the staircase components using this invention is efficient and the experimental data is accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of building detection instruments, and in particular to a mechanical property detection system for prefabricated staircase components. Background Art

[0002] The advantages of prefabricated buildings, such as fast construction speed and low production cost, are rapidly spreading around the world. Since 2013, my country has successively issued a series of policies on prefabricated buildings to vigorously promote the development of prefabricated buildings. For example, during the development of newly purchased commercial and residential land, the building assembly rate should meet certain requirements.

[0003] Reinforced concrete prefabricated buildings are currently the most widely used prefabricated building structure system in my country. With the rapid development of reinforced concrete prefabricated buildings in recent years, the quality control of reinforced concrete prefabricated components has become increasingly important, especially the requirements for the mechanical properties testing of prefabricated reinforced concrete prefabricated components are also constantly improving. The traditional on-site real-load testing method for reinforced concrete prefabricated components is to use counterweights, but manual loading is slow and inefficient, and there are major safety hazards. It can no longer meet the growing requirements for the testing of reinforced concrete prefabricated components. A more convenient testing equipment is needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a prefabricated staircase component mechanical property detection system, which has high efficiency in operation and accurate experimental data during the downward pressure test of the staircase component.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a prefabricated staircase component mechanical properties detection system. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

[0006] A mechanical property testing system for prefabricated stair component comprises: a downward pressure mechanism, which applies vertical downward pressure to the stair component by hydraulic pressure; a translational load-bearing mechanism, which is arranged below the downward pressure mechanism and has the horizontal translational freedom to move out from directly below the downward pressure mechanism; the translational load-bearing mechanism also has rollers in contact with the lower surface of the stair component, the rollers include upper rollers and lower rollers that are horizontal and parallel to each other, the upper rollers and the lower rollers are not at the same horizontal height and both form linear contact with the stair component; a pressure transmission component, which is arranged between the downward pressure mechanism and the stair component, the lower surface of the pressure transmission component is in contact with a plurality of tread surfaces on the stair component, and the upper surface of the pressure transmission component has a horizontal surface in contact with the downward pressure mechanism.

[0007] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that, unlike the traditional manual weighing and stacking of counterweight blocks, the method of pressurizing by the hydraulic press saves labor and eliminates the safety hazards of manually stacking counterweight blocks.

[0008] When the translation load-bearing mechanism slides to one side, there is no obstruction above. At this time, in order to have a hoisting path space, the staircase components are hoisted and placed on the translation frame; when the translation load-bearing mechanism moves to the other side, the loading device applies a load directly above the staircase components, which is convenient for applying vertical pressure to conduct the test. This technical solution solves this problem by remotely controlling the translation frame, making the replacement of staircase components convenient and quick, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0009] At the same time, although there are horizontal treads on the staircase components, the overall trend is oblique. If the hydraulic press only applies downward pressure to a tread in the middle, the local pressure will be too large, and the resulting test data will be inaccurate. The pressure transmission component plays the role of transmitting and dispersing pressure, pressing down the staircase components as a whole, improving the test accuracy, and compensating for the oblique trend of the staircase components. It can provide a horizontal surface for the hydraulic output end, ensure the vertical force, and prevent horizontal force components.

[0010] The roller line contacts the stair components, ensuring the accuracy of controlling the supporting position, and also facilitating the fine adjustment and translation of the stair components before the downward pressure test.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the pressure transmission component includes a second horizontal square tube, a first horizontal square tube, a vertical square tube, and a third horizontal square tube which are fixed vertically in sequence. The heights of the first horizontal square tube, the second horizontal square tube, and the third horizontal square tube are gradually reduced. The lower surfaces of the second horizontal square tube and the third horizontal square tube are respectively in contact with the two step surfaces, and the upper surface of the first horizontal square tube is in contact with the downward pressure mechanism.

[0012] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that a plurality of square tubes form an integrated pressure transmission component, the overall structure has strong strength, and can also provide two surface contacts with the staircase components, which is equivalent to a sturdy, special and easy-to-use auxiliary tooling.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the second horizontal square tube and the third horizontal square tube respectively contact two non-adjacent tread surfaces, and the middle tread surface among all the tread surfaces on the stair component is located between the two tread surfaces contacted by the second horizontal square tube and the third horizontal square tube.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the placement position of the pressure transmission mechanism cannot be too biased to ensure the accuracy of the test.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the upper roller and the lower roller are steel rollers, the aspect ratios of the upper roller and the lower roller are both greater than ten, the surfaces where the lower surfaces of the stair components contact the upper roller and the lower roller are parallel to the horizontal plane, and the axial lengths of the upper roller and the lower roller are greater than the width of the stair components.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the steel roller has a high structural strength and can withstand a large pressure. The upper roller and the lower roller are relatively slender, which prevents the poor line contact effect caused by the thicker roller and prevents interference. The upper roller and the lower roller have a long axial length, which ensures that the staircase components are supported in the width direction.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the translation load-bearing mechanism includes a horizontal translation frame, the lower roller is assembled with the translation frame by bolts, the upper roller is assembled with the translation frame by a pad column, and the translation frame is provided with a plurality of through holes for bolt assembly.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: a large number of through holes facilitates selective adjustment of the horizontal spacing between the upper roller and the lower roller to adapt to different stair components. The pad column raises the height of the upper roller to adapt to the overall oblique trend of the stair component.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the two ends of the translation frame are respectively provided with a power wheel group and a driven wheel group, which are respectively in contact with a first slide rail and a second slide rail which are horizontal and parallel to each other, and the height of the first slide rail is lower than that of the second slide rail.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the power wheel group provides the translational force of the translation frame, and the first slide rail and the second slide rail play the role of limiting guidance.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the pressing mechanism includes a hydraulic press fixed on the gantry frame, the gantry frame includes a top crossbeam and vertical columns vertically connected to each other, the hydraulic press is fixed to the crossbeam, a bottom plate is fixed to the bottom of the vertical column, and the gantry frame is also provided with a bottom frame for fixing the second slide rail.

[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the first slide rail also provides friction resistance, and the second slide rail is more used to bear the downward force during the downward pressure test of the downward pressure mechanism to prevent the power wheel set and the driven wheel from being damaged by heavy pressure.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, the gantry frame also has a plurality of oblique beams, the vertical spatial plane where the center lines of the oblique beams are located is parallel to the length directions of the first slide rail and the second slide rail, and the bottoms of the vertical columns and the oblique beams are fixed to the base plate through foot seats.

[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the oblique beams and the foot seats improve the overall structural strength and stability of the gantry frame.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, the hydraulic press is a servo hydraulic press, and a load sensor in contact with the pressure transmission component is provided at the bottom of the hydraulic press.

[0026] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the servo hydraulic press can be controlled more accurately, and it is convenient to control the output stroke and force, and the load sensor can also display data in real time.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, a lifting hook with the freedom of translation along the length direction of the top cross beam is provided on the top cross beam; the power wheel group and the hydraulic press are both controlled by a control system, and the control system includes a control box and a hydraulic oil source arranged on one side of the bottom plate.

[0028] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: this technical solution adopts a high-precision hydraulic servo loading system, edits the mechanical performance test program of the assembled reinforced concrete prefabricated staircase components in the control system, applies the target load to the staircase components step by step through the microcomputer-controlled hydraulic press, and realizes automation of the entire process from loading to unloading, thereby improving the loading accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged view of point A of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] 1-gantry frame; 11-bottom frame; 12-top crossbeam; 13-vertical column; 14-foot base; 15-diagonal beam; 16-lifting hook; 2-translational frame; 21-heightening column; 22-upper roller; 23-lower roller; 24-power wheel group; 25-driven wheel group; 26-sliding frame; 3-bottom limit mechanism; 31-bottom plate; 32-first slide rail; 33-second slide rail; 4-hydraulic press; 41-load sensor; 5-pressure transmission component; 51-first horizontal square tube; 52-vertical square tube; 53-second horizontal square tube; 54-third horizontal square tube; 6-control system; 61-electric control box; 62-hydraulic oil source; 7-stair component; 71-tread surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0036] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, a prefabricated stair component mechanical property detection system includes: a downward pressure mechanism, which uses hydraulic pressure to apply vertical downward pressure to the stair component 7; a translational load-bearing mechanism, which is arranged below the downward pressure mechanism and has the horizontal translation freedom to move out from directly below the downward pressure mechanism; the translational load-bearing mechanism also has rollers in contact with the lower surface of the stair component 7, the rollers include upper rollers 22 and lower rollers 23 that are horizontal and parallel to each other, the upper rollers 22 and the lower rollers 23 are not at the same horizontal height and both form line contact with the stair component 7; a pressure transmission component 5, which is arranged between the downward pressure mechanism and the stair component 7, the lower surface of the pressure transmission component 5 is in contact with a plurality of tread surfaces 71 on the stair component 7, and the upper surface of the pressure transmission component 5 has a horizontal surface in contact with the downward pressure mechanism.

[0037] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that, unlike the traditional manual weighing and stacking of counterweight blocks, the method of pressurizing by the hydraulic press saves labor and eliminates the safety hazards of manually stacking counterweight blocks.

[0038] When the translation load-bearing mechanism slides to one side, there is no obstruction above. At this time, in order to have a hoisting path space, the staircase components are hoisted and placed on the translation frame; when the translation load-bearing mechanism moves to the other side, the loading device applies a load directly above the staircase components, which is convenient for applying vertical pressure to conduct the test. This technical solution solves this problem by remotely controlling the translation frame, making the replacement of staircase components convenient and quick, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0039] At the same time, although there are horizontal treads on the staircase components, the overall trend is oblique. If the hydraulic press only applies downward pressure to a tread in the middle, the local pressure will be too large, and the resulting test data will be inaccurate. The pressure transmission component plays the role of transmitting and dispersing pressure, pressing down the staircase components as a whole, improving the test accuracy, and compensating for the oblique trend of the staircase components. It can provide a horizontal surface for the hydraulic output end, ensure the vertical force, and prevent horizontal force components.

[0040] The roller line contacts the stair components, ensuring the accuracy of controlling the supporting position, and also facilitating the fine adjustment and translation of the stair components before the downward pressure test.

[0041] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the pressure transmitting member 5 includes a second horizontal square tube 53, a first horizontal square tube 51, a vertical square tube 52, and a third horizontal square tube 54 which are fixed vertically in sequence. The heights of the first horizontal square tube 51, the second horizontal square tube 52, and the third horizontal square tube 54 gradually decrease. The lower surfaces of the second horizontal square tube 52 and the third horizontal square tube 54 are in contact with the two step surfaces 71 respectively, and the upper surface of the first horizontal square tube 51 is in contact with the downward pressure mechanism.

[0042] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that a plurality of square tubes form an integrated pressure transmission component, the overall structure has strong strength, and can also provide two surface contacts with the staircase components, which is equivalent to a sturdy, special and easy-to-use auxiliary tooling.

[0043] In other embodiments of the present invention, the second horizontal square tube 52 and the third horizontal square tube 54 respectively contact two non-adjacent tread surfaces 71, and the middle tread surface 71 among all the tread surfaces 7 on the stair component 7 is located between the two tread surfaces 71 contacted by the second horizontal square tube 52 and the third horizontal square tube 53.

[0044] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the placement position of the pressure transmission mechanism cannot be too biased to ensure the accuracy of the test.

[0045] In other embodiments of the present invention, the upper roller 22 and the lower roller 23 are steel rollers, the aspect ratios of the upper roller 22 and the lower roller 23 are both greater than ten, the surfaces of the lower surface of the stair component 7 in contact with the upper roller 22 and the lower roller 23 are both parallel to the horizontal plane, and the axial lengths of the upper roller 22 and the lower roller 23 are greater than the width of the stair component 7.

[0046] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the steel roller has a high structural strength and can withstand a large pressure. The upper roller and the lower roller are relatively slender, which prevents the poor line contact effect caused by the thicker roller and prevents interference. The upper roller and the lower roller have a long axial length, which ensures that the staircase components are supported in the width direction.

[0047] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the translation load-bearing mechanism includes a horizontal translation frame 2, the lower roller 23 is assembled to the translation frame 2 by bolts, the upper roller 22 is assembled to the translation frame 2 by a pad column 21, and the translation frame 2 is provided with a plurality of through holes for bolt assembly.

[0048] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: a large number of through holes facilitates selective adjustment of the horizontal spacing between the upper roller and the lower roller to adapt to different stair components. The pad column raises the height of the upper roller to adapt to the overall oblique trend of the stair component.

[0049] In other embodiments of the present invention, the two ends of the sliding frame 26 in the translation frame 2 are respectively provided with a power wheel group 24 and a driven wheel group 25, which are respectively in contact with a first slide rail 32 and a second slide rail 33 which are horizontal and parallel to each other, and the height of the first slide rail 32 is lower than that of the second slide rail 33.

[0050] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the power wheel group provides the translational force of the translation frame, and the first slide rail and the second slide rail play the role of limiting guidance.

[0051] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the pressing mechanism includes a hydraulic press 4 fixed on the gantry frame 1, the gantry frame 1 includes a top crossbeam 12 and a vertical column 13 vertically connected to each other, the hydraulic press 4 is fixed to the crossbeam 12, a bottom plate 31 is fixed to the bottom of the vertical column 13, and the gantry frame 1 is also provided with a bottom frame 11 for fixing the second slide rail 33.

[0052] The bottom plate 31 , the first slide rail 32 , and the second slide rail 33 together constitute the bottom limiting mechanism 3 .

[0053] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the first slide rail also provides friction resistance, and the second slide rail is more used to bear the downward force during the downward pressure test of the downward pressure mechanism to prevent the power wheel set and the driven wheel from being damaged by heavy pressure.

[0054] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the gantry frame 1 also has a plurality of diagonal beams 15, the vertical spatial plane where the center lines of the diagonal beams 15 are located is parallel to the length direction of the first slide rail 32 and the second slide rail 33, and the bottoms of the vertical columns 13 and the diagonal beams 15 are fixed to the base plate 31 through the feet 14.

[0055] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical solution is that the oblique beams and the foot seats improve the overall structural strength and stability of the gantry frame.

[0056] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the hydraulic press 4 is a servo hydraulic press, and a load sensor 41 in contact with the pressure transmission member 5 is provided at the bottom of the hydraulic press 4 .

[0057] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: the servo hydraulic press can be controlled more accurately, and it is convenient to control the output stroke and force, and the load sensor can also display data in real time.

[0058] In other embodiments of the present invention, a lifting hook 16 with the freedom of translation along the length direction of the top cross beam 12 is provided on the top cross beam 12; the power wheel group 24 and the hydraulic press 4 are both controlled by the control system 6, and the control system 6 includes a control box 61 and a hydraulic oil source 62 arranged on one side of the bottom plate 31.

[0059] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are: this technical solution adopts a high-precision hydraulic servo loading system, edits the mechanical performance test program of the assembled reinforced concrete prefabricated staircase components in the control system, applies the target load to the staircase components step by step through the microcomputer-controlled hydraulic press, and realizes automation of the entire process from loading to unloading, thereby improving the loading accuracy.

[0060] In actual operation, the gantry frame 1 is placed on a concrete horizontal ground; the translation slide frame 2 is placed on the bottom frame 11; the pad column 21 is connected to the translation slide frame 2 by bolts; the upper roller 22 is connected to the pad column 21 by bolts; the lower roller 23 is connected to the translation slide frame 2 by bolts; the power wheel group 24 is welded to the front end of the translation slide frame 2; the driven wheel group 25 is welded to the rear end of the translation slide frame 2; the first slide rail 32 supports the translation slide frame 2; the hydraulic press 4 is a hydraulic servo actuator, and the load sensor 41 is installed at the front end of the hydraulic press 4. During the test, first Figure 1 The translation slide frame 2 slides out along the first slide rail 32 through the driving wheel set 24 and the driven wheel set 25, and the staircase component 7 is installed on the upper roller 22 and the lower roller 23. The pressure transmission component 5 is placed in the middle of the staircase component 7 and contacts the two step surfaces 71. Figure 3 As shown, the translation slide frame 2 slides along the first slide rail 32 into the lower part of the hydraulic press 4 of the gantry frame 1. The hydraulic press 4 presses down, the load sensor 41 outputs the load value in real time, and the hydraulic oil source 62 provides power. Figures 1 to 3 The expression of is exactly the same as the actual operation order.

[0061] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it. They cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical properties testing system for prefabricated staircase components, characterized in that: include: A downward pressure mechanism uses hydraulic pressure to apply vertical downward pressure to the staircase components; The translation load-bearing mechanism is arranged below the pressing mechanism and has the horizontal translation freedom to move out from directly below the pressing mechanism; the translation load-bearing mechanism also has rollers in contact with the lower surface of the stair component, the rollers include upper rollers and lower rollers that are horizontal and parallel to each other, the upper rollers and lower rollers are not at the same level and both form line contact with the stair component; A pressure transmission component is provided between the pressing mechanism and the staircase component, wherein the lower surface of the pressure transmission component contacts a plurality of tread surfaces on the staircase component, and the upper surface of the pressure transmission component has a horizontal surface that contacts the pressing mechanism; The pressure transmission component comprises a second horizontal square tube, a first horizontal square tube, a vertical square tube, and a third horizontal square tube which are fixed vertically in sequence, the first horizontal square tube, the second horizontal square tube, and the third horizontal square tube are gradually lower in height, the lower surfaces of the second horizontal square tube and the third horizontal square tube are respectively in contact with two tread surfaces, and the upper surface of the first horizontal square tube is in contact with the downward pressure mechanism; The translation load-bearing mechanism comprises a horizontal translation frame, the lower roller is assembled with the translation frame by bolts, the upper roller is assembled with the translation frame by a pad column, and the translation frame is provided with a plurality of through holes for bolt assembly; The two ends of the translation frame are respectively provided with a power wheel group and a driven wheel group, the power wheel group and the driven wheel group are respectively in contact with a first slide rail and a second slide rail which are horizontal and parallel to each other, and the height of the first slide rail is lower than that of the second slide rail; The pressing mechanism comprises a hydraulic press fixed on the gantry frame, the gantry frame comprises a top crossbeam and a vertical column vertically connected to each other, the hydraulic press is fixed to the crossbeam, a bottom plate is fixed to the bottom of the vertical column, and the gantry frame is also provided with a bottom frame for fixing the second slide rail; The gantry frame also has a plurality of oblique beams, the vertical space plane where the center lines of the oblique beams are located is parallel to the length directions of the first slide rail and the second slide rail, and the bottoms of the vertical columns and oblique beams are fixed to the base plate through foot seats.

2. A prefabricated staircase component mechanical properties testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second horizontal square tube and the third horizontal square tube contact two non-adjacent tread surfaces respectively, and the middle tread surface among all the tread surfaces on the stair component is located between the two tread surfaces contacted by the second horizontal square tube and the third horizontal square tube.

3. A prefabricated staircase component mechanical properties testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper roller and the lower roller are steel rollers, the aspect ratios of the upper roller and the lower roller are both greater than ten, the surfaces of the lower surface of the stair component in contact with the upper roller and the lower roller are both parallel to the horizontal plane, and the axial lengths of the upper roller and the lower roller are greater than the width of the stair component.

4. A prefabricated staircase component mechanical properties testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic press is a servo hydraulic press, and a load sensor in contact with a pressure transmission component is provided at the bottom of the hydraulic press.

5. A prefabricated staircase component mechanical properties testing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top crossbeam is provided with a lifting hook with the freedom of translation along the length direction of the top crossbeam; the power wheel group and the hydraulic press are controlled by a control system, and the control system includes a control box and a hydraulic oil source arranged on one side of the bottom plate.

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