Prestressing device and supporting structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a prestressing device, including a first base, a second base, a transmission screw, a driving block, and a driving member. The first base and the second base are respectively fixed on adjacent structural members, the two ends of the transmission screw are respectively inserted into the first base and the second base, the driving block is threadedly connected to the transmission screw, and the driving block is located between the first base and the second base; and a support structure using the prestressing device is also disclosed. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the support structure is expanded and tightly attached to the rock surface through the prestressing device, so that the scaffolding support structure with high support strength can contact the rock surface at the initial stage of support, play a supporting role, greatly advance the support timing, and curb the deformation and damage of the surrounding rock at the initial development stage, thereby realizing the active support of the scaffolding support structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a supporting structure, in particular to a prestressing device and a supporting structure. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of tunnels and coal mine tunnels, when the ground pressure is high and the surrounding rock conditions are poor, steel scaffolds, steel arch frames, pipe segments, etc. are often used for support. Compared with anchors and shotcrete, the above support structures have higher support strength. However, the support cannot fit tightly with the surrounding rock in the early stage. Only when the surrounding rock is damaged and deformed and contacts the support structure, can the support structure play a role.

[0003] Application No.: 201910443974.X, discloses a prestressed support device and support method for excavating a tunnel communication channel, including a polygonal frame suitable for the tunnel section, the frame of the polygonal frame is arranged symmetrically, and the frame and the frame are hinged by a pin shaft; a jack extending outward is installed at the top of the intersection of the two force-bearing frames; the connection structure of the jack is that a hinge ear is provided on the base of the jack, and the two force-bearing frames are hinged together through the hinge ear. A prestressed support device for excavating a tunnel communication channel is provided. Before and during the excavation of the communication channel opening, the jack is used to apply prestress to each support point according to the deformation stress condition of the tunnel to prevent the deformation of the tunnel. However, steel scaffolds, steel scaffolds, steel arch frames, and pipe segments are generally connected by bolts and can only be installed according to the designed installation size. The roadway and tunnel need to be expanded, and the cross-sectional size of the roadway (tunnel) is usually larger than the support structure. Therefore, in the initial installation of the support structure, the support structure cannot be close to the rock surface. Only when the surrounding rock deformation touches the support structure, the support structure can play a role. The supporting structure will miss the best opportunity for timely support, and the deformation and damage of the surrounding rock will be irreversible, thus weakening the supporting effect and affecting the stability and safety of the surrounding rock of the roadway (tunnel).

[0004] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to solve the problem in the prior art that the support structure is not in close contact with the rock surface, so that the best time for timely support is missed when the surrounding rock is deformed, resulting in poor support effect.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] The prestressing device is installed between adjacent structural members on the supporting structure, and includes a first base, a second base, a transmission screw, a driving block for driving the first base and the second base to move relatively away from or closer to each other, and a driving member for driving the driving block to move axially along the transmission screw. The first base and the second base are respectively fixed on adjacent structural members, and the two ends of the transmission screw are respectively inserted into the first base and the second base. The driving block is threadedly connected to the transmission screw, and the driving block is located between the first base and the second base.

[0008] The present invention connects adjacent structural members through a first base, a second base and a transmission screw, a driving block is threadedly connected to the transmission screw, and the driving member drives the driving block to move axially along the transmission screw. When the driving block contacts the first base or the second base, the driving block continues to move to push the first base or the second base away from each other, applying prestress to the support structure, so that adjacent structural members are separated from each other, and the support structure expands and fits tightly to the rock surface. The scaffolding support structure with higher support strength can contact the rock surface in the early stage of support, play a supporting role, greatly advance the support timing, and curb the deformation and damage of the surrounding rock in the initial development stage, thereby realizing active support of the scaffolding support structure.

[0009] Preferably, the driving member comprises a driving rod, one end of which is a worm mechanism, the outside of the driving block is a worm gear structure, and the worm mechanism meshes with the worm gear structure. The worm gear mechanism is driven, the structure is compact, self-locking, and highly stable.

[0010] Preferably, the driving member further comprises a third base, the third base is connected to the first base or the second base, the other end of the driving rod has a threaded outer periphery, the third base has a threaded hole, and the other end of the driving rod is threadedly connected to the third base. The third base serves as a support member of the driving member on the one hand, and is connected to the first base or the second base on the other hand, so that the third base can move synchronously with the moving base, ensuring that the worm mechanism and the worm gear mechanism are always engaged, and ensuring the stability of the transmission.

[0011] Preferably, the first base and the second base are both cavity structures with one end open, the openings of the first base and the second base are arranged opposite to each other, and the two ends of the transmission screw extend into the cavities of the first base and the second base. The cavity structure of the first base and the second base can partially hide the transmission screw in the cavity structure, which can make the transmission screw longer, and reduce dust from entering the thread gap of the transmission screw, thereby extending the service life.

[0012] Preferably, the inner cavities of the first base and the second base are cylindrical cavities, and the outer diameter of the driving screw is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the end of the driving rod away from the worm gear mechanism has a knob.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the driving rod away from the worm mechanism has a rotating device for driving the transmission screw to rotate.

[0015] Preferably, the rotating device is one of a jackhammer, a drilling rig, and an anchor bolter.

[0016] The present invention also provides a supporting structure, including multiple structural members and multiple prestressing devices. Adjacent structural members are connected by the prestressing devices, and multiple structural members form a closed structure. The prestressing devices are the above-mentioned prestressing devices.

[0017] Preferably, the supporting structure further comprises fasteners, and adjacent structural members are fixedly connected by the fasteners.

[0018] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0019] The present invention connects adjacent structural members through the first base, the second base and the transmission screw. The driving block is threadedly connected to the transmission screw and has a self-locking effect. After being tightened, it will not shift. The driving member drives the driving block to move axially along the transmission screw. When the driving block contacts the first base or the second base, the driving block continues to move to push the first base or the second base away from each other, and prestresses the support structure, so that the adjacent structural members are away from each other, and the support structure expands and fits tightly to the rock surface, so that the scaffolding support structure with higher support strength can contact the rock surface at the initial stage of support, play a supporting role, greatly advance the support timing, and curb the deformation and damage of the surrounding rock at the initial development stage, thereby realizing the active support of the scaffolding support structure. The third base, on the one hand, serves as a support member for the driving member, and on the other hand, it is connected to the first base The first base or the second base is connected to the third base, which can realize the synchronous movement of the third base and the moving base, ensuring that the worm mechanism and the worm gear mechanism are always meshed, thereby ensuring the stability of the transmission; the cavity structure of the first base and the second base can partially hide the transmission screw in the cavity structure. On the one hand, it can be considered to make the transmission screw longer, and on the other hand, it can reduce the entry of dust into the thread gap of the transmission screw and extend the service life; after the device is locked, it can be unlocked after the drive block is rotated in the reverse direction and can be reused; the support structure using this structural component is expanded and close to the rock surface, and then the fasteners are installed, which further improves the stability of the support structure connection, and ultimately greatly advances the action time of the support structure (i.e. the time when the support structure contacts the rock surface), which can ensure the safety of the roadway and tunnel support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a prestressing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 2 is a front view of a prestressing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3is a top view of a prestressing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a side view of a prestressing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional diagram of a prestressing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the support structure;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the support structure;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure after fasteners are added.

[0028] Reference numerals in the figure: first base 1 , second base 2 , transmission screw 3 , driving block 4 , driving member 5 , driving rod 51 , third base 52 , knob 53 , supporting structure 6 , structural member 61 , fastener 62 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the prestressing device includes a first base 1, a second base 2, a transmission screw 3, a driving block 4, and a driving member 5; the first base 1 and the second base 2 are respectively fixed on adjacent structural members, and both ends of the transmission screw 3 are respectively inserted into the first base 1 and the second base 2, and the driving block 4 is threadedly connected to the transmission screw 3, and the driving block 4 is located between the first base 1 and the second base 2.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, the first base 1 and the second base 2 are both cavity structures with one end open, and the cavity is a cylindrical cavity. The outer diameter of the transmission screw 3 is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical cavity, ensuring that the transmission screw 3 does not contact the cylindrical cavity. The openings of the first base 1 and the second base 2 are arranged oppositely, and the two ends of the transmission screw 3 extend into the cavities of the first base 1 and the second base 2. In the initial state, the two ends of the transmission screw 3 abut against the inner walls of the cavities of the first base 1 and the second base 3. The first base 1 and the second base 2 are both cavity structures with one end open, and the transmission screw 3 can be partially hidden in the cavity structure. On the one hand, it can be considered to make the transmission screw 3 longer to extend the adjustable stroke. On the other hand, it can reduce the dust from entering the thread gap of the transmission screw 3 and extend the service life. In order to ensure that the drive block 4 can abut against the end face of the second base 2, the diameter of the drive block 4 is larger than the diameter of the cavity structure.

[0033] In this embodiment, adjacent structural members are connected by the first base 1, the second base 2, and the transmission screw 3. The driving block 4 is threadedly connected to the transmission screw 3, which has a self-locking effect and will not shift after being tightened. The driving member 5 drives the driving block 4 to move axially along the transmission screw 3. When the driving block 4 contacts the first base 1 or the second base 2, the driving block 4 continues to move, pushing the first base 1 or the second base 2 away from each other, applying prestress to the support structure 6, so that adjacent structural members 61 are away from each other, and the support structure 6 expands and fits tightly to the rock surface. The scaffolding support structure with higher support strength can contact the rock surface in the early stage of support, play a supporting role, greatly advance the support timing, and curb the deformation and damage of the surrounding rock in the initial development stage, thereby realizing active support of the scaffolding support structure.

[0034] Embodiment 2:

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the driving member 5 also includes a driving rod 51 and a third base 52. The end of the driving rod 51 close to the driving block 4 is a worm mechanism, and correspondingly, the outside of the driving block 4 is a worm gear structure. The worm mechanism is meshed with the worm gear structure to drive the driving block 4 to rotate, and the driving block 4 can move horizontally along the axial direction of the transmission screw 3; the third base 52 is connected to the second base 2, so that when the second base 2 moves to the right under the extrusion of the driving block, the third base 52 moves to the right at the same time, ensuring that the worm mechanism and the worm gear structure are always meshed; the outer periphery of the end of the driving rod 51 away from the worm mechanism has a thread, and the third base 52 has a threaded hole, and the driving rod 51 is threadedly connected to the third base 52.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the right end of the driving rod 51 has a knob 53. The knob 53 can be rotated by a rotating device to achieve the movement of the driving rod 51. The rotating device can be a jackhammer, a drilling rig, a bolter or a wrench, which is easy to use and convenient.

[0037] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the supporting structure 6 includes six structural members 61 and six prestressing devices. Adjacent structural members 61 are connected by the prestressing devices. The six structural members 61 form a closed structure, wherein the prestressing devices are the prestressing devices in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 or embodiment 2.

[0038] like Figure 7 As shown, the first base 1 and the second base 2 are propped open through the cooperation of the transmission screw 3 and the driving member 4, and then the supporting structure connected by the first base 1 and the second base 2 is propped open. The dotted line is the cross-sectional size of the original supporting structure. After being propped open, the cross-sectional size of the supporting structure is increased, so that the supporting structure is close to the surrounding rock of the tunnel and roadway, thereby realizing active support.

[0039] like Figure 8 As shown, the support structure 6 also includes a fastener 62, and adjacent structural members 61 are fixedly connected by the fastener 62. After the joints of the support structure are tightened and opened, a support structure joint fixture or fastener, such as a U-shaped steel bayonet, is installed. The fastener 62 tightly fixes the support structure to ensure the stability of the entire support structure 6. After the fastener 62 is installed, the prestressing device can be removed for reuse, or the prestressing device can be retained for re-applying prestress when the prestress of the support structure is insufficient in the future.

[0040] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prestressing device is installed between adjacent structural members on the supporting structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first base, a second base, a transmission screw, a driving block for driving the first base and the second base to move relatively away from or close to each other, and a driving member for driving the driving block to move axially along the transmission screw, wherein the first base and the second base are respectively fixed on adjacent structural members, two ends of the transmission screw are respectively inserted into the first base and the second base, the driving block is threadedly connected with the transmission screw, and the driving block is located between the first base and the second base; The driving member comprises a driving rod, one end of which is a worm mechanism, the outside of the driving block is a worm gear structure, and the worm mechanism is meshed with the worm gear structure; the end of the driving rod away from the worm mechanism has a knob; the end of the driving rod away from the worm mechanism has a rotating device for driving the transmission screw to rotate; the rotating device is one of a jackhammer, a drilling rig, and a bolter; The two ends of the transmission screw extend into the cavity of the first base and the second base. In the initial state, the two ends of the transmission screw abut against the inner wall of the cavity of the first base and the second base; the driving member drives the driving block to move axially along the transmission screw. When the driving block contacts the first base or the second base, the driving block continues to move, pushing the first base or the second base away from each other, applying prestress to the support structure, so that adjacent structural members move away from each other, and the support structure expands and fits tightly to the rock surface.

2. The prestressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member also includes a third base, which is connected to the first base or the second base. The outer periphery of the other end of the driving rod has threads, the third base has a threaded hole, and the other end of the driving rod is threadedly connected to the third base.

3. The prestressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first base and the second base are both cavity-type structures with one end open, the openings of the first base and the second base are arranged opposite to each other, and both ends of the transmission screw extend into the cavities of the first base and the second base.

4. The prestressing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner cavities of the first base and the second base are cylindrical cavities, and the outer diameter of the driving screw is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical cavity.

5. A supporting structure, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of structural members and a plurality of prestressing devices, wherein adjacent structural members are connected by the prestressing devices, and the plurality of structural members form a closed structure, and the prestressing devices are the prestressing devices described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The supporting structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The supporting structure also includes fasteners, and adjacent structural members are fixedly connected by the fasteners.

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