Water quality monitoring system and early warning method based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite

Abstract

The present invention provides a water quality monitoring system based on a high-resolution remote sensing satellite, comprising a floating plate, a bracket, a solar panel, a wind wheel, a vertical pipe, a motor, a bolt, a transmission shaft, a transmission gear, a bearing, a cleaning brush, a light transmitter, a light receiver, a circuit box, and a cover. The floating plate floats on the water surface, and a bracket is vertically penetrated through the floating plate. The bottom of the bracket is divided into two ends, one end is equipped with a light transmitter, and the other end is equipped with a light receiver; the top of the bracket is equipped with a circuit box, and a plurality of solar panels are installed on the outer wall of the bracket; two vertical pipes vertically penetrate the floating plate, the transmission shaft is installed in the vertical pipe through a bearing, and the top of the transmission shaft is equipped with a wind wheel; two motors are screwed on the top surface of the floating plate, the bolt is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor, and the bolt and the vertical pipe form a screw nut structure; the transmission gear is installed at the bottom end of the vertical pipe, and the bottom end of the transmission shaft is processed into a horizontal gear, which is meshed with the transmission gear; the inner end of the transmission gear is pinned with a cleaning brush for cleaning the light transmitter and the light receiver.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a monitoring system, in particular to a water quality monitoring system based on a high-resolution remote sensing satellite. Background Art

[0002] High-resolution remote sensing satellite earth observation technology can form an all-weather, all-day, and global earth observation system with high spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution. The construction of a high-resolution earth observation system is of great significance to promoting the construction of China's space infrastructure, cultivating satellite applications, and developing strategic emerging industries. With the construction of the high-resolution special project, the monitoring accuracy of high-resolution satellites has reached the sub-meter level, and ordinary satellite data has been mostly replaced by high-resolution special data. High-resolution data has been widely used in land, surveying and mapping, agriculture, forestry, environmental protection and other industries, realizing the autonomous acquisition of multi-spectral, hyperspectral, sub-meter visible light, and SAR radar satellite remote sensing data, providing information services and decision-making support for important fields such as disaster prevention and relief, government governance, and ecological environment monitoring.

[0003] At present, high-resolution remote sensing satellites play a huge role in the field of water quality monitoring. The principle is to analyze the high-resolution images taken by high-resolution remote sensing satellites, and calculate the water quality level by analyzing the concentration of suspended algae in still water or the concentration of suspended sediment in moving water. Its advantage is that when monitoring a large area of ​​water, it can quickly estimate the overall water quality of a large area of ​​water; its disadvantage is that due to the high cost of acquiring its images, it is impossible to obtain detailed water quality monitoring data at multiple specific locations. Therefore, on the basis of overall monitoring of large areas of water based on high-resolution remote sensing satellites, it is also necessary to arrange water quality monitoring structures at multiple important monitoring points, so that a complete water quality monitoring network can be formed, detailed water quality monitoring data can be obtained, and comprehensive water quality monitoring can be achieved.

[0004] Therefore, a water quality monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite is designed. High-resolution earth observation technology is used to extract and analyze and identify points suspected of serious water quality problems. The new water quality monitoring device designed by this patent is arranged at the points suspected of serious water quality problems to form an integrated water quality monitoring system of the sky, earth and objects. It provides auxiliary decision-making support for water disaster prevention and mitigation, improves the forecasting and early warning capabilities and prevention and control levels of water quality disasters, and further promotes the development of smart cities. Summary of the invention

[0005] Therefore, in order to realize water quality monitoring at suspected points of serious water quality problems in water areas, the present invention utilizes the phenomenon that light intensity weakens when light in water encounters an obstacle, calculates the concentration of suspended algae in still water or the concentration of suspended sediment in moving water, and can clean and maintain the light source to ensure the stability of the light source intensity.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a water quality monitoring system based on a high-resolution remote sensing satellite, characterized in that it includes: a floating plate, a bracket, a solar panel, a wind wheel, a vertical pipe, a motor, a bolt, a transmission shaft, a transmission gear, a bearing, a cleaning brush, a light transmitter, a light receiver, a circuit box, and a cover.

[0007] The floating plate is a flat cylinder with a downward protrusion at the center of the bottom. An air storage chamber is provided inside the floating plate, and the air storage chamber is filled with helium. The floating plate floats on the water surface by adjusting the amount of helium in the air storage chamber according to the weight of the device and the density of the water area.

[0008] A vertical circular tubular bracket is vertically passed through the central axis of the floating plate, a circuit box is provided on the top of the bracket, a communication circuit and a processor are installed in the circuit box, and a uniquely coded SIM card is installed in the communication circuit; the part of the bracket located on the lower side of the floating plate is divided into two left-right symmetrical C-shaped tubes, the ends of the two C-shaped tubes are opposite to each other, a light transmitter is installed at the end of the left C-shaped tube, and a light receiver is installed at the end of the right C-shaped tube; the light transmitter emits light with stable intensity.

[0009] Furthermore, a gap is left between the light transmitter and the light receiver, and the light emitted by the light transmitter is received by the light receiver after being propagated and attenuated in water.

[0010] Furthermore, the light receiver is equipped with a photodiode circuit and an A / D conversion circuit.

[0011] The bracket is located on the outer cylindrical surface of the upper part of the floating plate, and is provided with a plurality of solar panels facing in different directions. The solar panels and the bracket are connected by support rods; the solar panels provide electrical energy for all power-consuming components.

[0012] A cylindrical vertical tube is vertically inserted through the floating plate, and circular vertical tubes are respectively provided on both sides of the bracket. A nut boss with a horizontal central axis is provided on one side wall of the top section of the vertical tube located above the floating plate. A cylindrical hole connected to the interior of the vertical tube is inserted along the central axis of the nut boss, and the inner wall of the cylindrical hole is processed with an internal thread.

[0013] The clamp is a long cylinder with a horizontal central axis. An external thread is processed on the outer cylindrical surface of the clamp. The clamp is installed in the circular hole of the nut boss of the vertical pipe in a threaded assembly manner. A driving hole is opened through the central axis of the clamp, and a groove-shaped driving groove is opened on the inner cylindrical surface of the driving hole along the axis.

[0014] Furthermore, the driving grooves are evenly arranged around the central axis of the clamp.

[0015] The motor has two parts, which are screwed on the top surface of the floating plate. The outer end of the output shaft of the motor is provided with a plurality of driving teeth around the central axis of the output shaft. The output shaft is installed in the clamping bolt, and the driving teeth are embedded in the driving groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the cross-sectional profile of the driving teeth is the same as the cross-sectional profile of the driving slots; and the number of the driving teeth is the same as the number of the driving slots.

[0017] The transmission shaft is a long cylinder with a vertical central axis. The transmission shaft has two parts, which are respectively installed in two vertical tubes through bearings. A triangular socket is opened on the top end face of the transmission shaft, and the bottom end of the transmission shaft is processed into a horizontal gear with a vertical central axis.

[0018] Furthermore, two baffles are provided in the vertical tube, and two bearings are installed in each vertical tube, the upper bearing is located at the top of the upper baffle, and the lower bearing is located at the bottom of the lower baffle; a baffle ring is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the transmission shaft close to the upper bearing, and the bottom surface of the baffle ring is close to the top end surface of the inner ring of the upper bearing.

[0019] Furthermore, the outer cylindrical surface of the transmission shaft is processed into a rough surface in the area where the latch can contact.

[0020] The wind wheel is formed by a plurality of hemispherical shells surrounding in the forward direction, a connecting rod extends horizontally from the back of each hemispherical shell, the inner ends of all the connecting rods are connected, and a downward triangular prism-shaped plug column is provided at the connection point; the plug column is downwardly installed in the socket at the top of the transmission shaft.

[0021] Furthermore, the contact surface between the plug post and the socket is coated with epoxy resin glue.

[0022] The bottom port of the vertical tube is processed into a cylindrical cover-shaped structure with a horizontal central axis on the inner side. A circular sleeve is provided on the inner vertical surface of the cylindrical cover-shaped structure, and a bearing is installed in the sleeve; the transmission gear is a flat cylinder with a horizontal central axis, and a plurality of gear teeth are evenly distributed around the central axis of the transmission gear on the vertical surface of the flat cylinder close to the transmission shaft, which mesh with the horizontal gear at the bottom end of the transmission shaft; a cylindrical fixed shaft with a horizontal central axis is provided at the center of the vertical surface of the transmission gear away from the transmission shaft, and the fixed shaft horizontally passes through the cylindrical cover-shaped structure at the bottom end of the vertical tube and horizontally passes through the inner ring of the bearing in the sleeve; the inner end of the cleaning brush is pinned to the outer end of the fixed shaft.

[0023] Furthermore, the bearing is an engineering plastic bearing, and the ball in the bearing is made of fiberglass.

[0024] There are two cleaning brushes, each of which is in the shape of a straight rod, and bristles are arranged on one side of the middle and outer end areas of the cleaning brush; the cleaning brush installed on one side of the light emitter has its bristles facing the light emitter; the cleaning brush installed on one side of the light receiver has its bristles facing the light receiver.

[0025] Furthermore, during the rotation of the cleaning brush, the bristles of the cleaning brush on the light emitter side can completely cover the light source panel of the light emitter, and the bristles of the cleaning brush on the light receiver side can completely cover the light source receiving panel of the light receiver.

[0026] The principle of the present invention is: the light emitted by the light transmitter will be blocked by suspended algae or suspended mud, and the intensity of the light will continue to attenuate. The concentration C of suspended algae or suspended mud in the water can be calculated through the light intensity P received by the light receiver. The mathematical relationship between the two, C=f(P), is obtained through experiments.

[0027] The photosensitive diode in the light receiver converts the light intensity into an electrical signal, and then converts the electrical signal into a digital signal through an A / D conversion circuit. When the processor determines that the concentration of suspended algae or suspended sediment exceeds a threshold value, a warning signal is issued.

[0028] Since the suspended algae and suspended sediment in the water will stick to the panels of the light transmitter and the optical fiber receiver, affecting the accuracy of the monitoring data, the panels of the light transmitter and the optical fiber receiver need to be cleaned before each monitoring data collection. The manager transmits the start signal to the processor through the communication antenna and the communication circuit, and the processor sends a positive pulse signal to the motor, and the output shaft drives the bolt to rotate, and the bolt rotates while moving away from the transmission shaft. After the transmission shaft loses its limit, it rotates driven by the wind wheel, and the transmission shaft drives the transmission gear to rotate, and the transmission gear drives the cleaning brush to rotate to remove the attachments on the light transmitter and the light receiver.

[0029] After a certain period of time, the processor sends a negative pulse signal to the motor, the motor reverses, the latch rotates in the opposite direction, and the latch moves toward the transmission shaft while rotating until the end of the latch abuts against the transmission shaft to stop the transmission shaft from rotating.

[0030] Once the transmission shaft is free from the restriction of the bolt, it will be driven by the wind wheel to start rotating, and finally drive the cleaning brush to rotate through the transmission gear.

[0031] The water quality monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] (1) Use high-resolution remote sensing satellites to analyze large-scale water images, reducing the difficulty of image analysis;

[0033] (2) Based on the image analysis of high-resolution remote sensing satellites, monitoring devices are set up at points suspected of serious water quality problems, filling the gap of high cost of multiple specific points of remote sensing satellites;

[0034] (3) Utilize the pneumatic and gear transmission structure to convert wind force into the rotation of the cleaning brush to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0035] Therefore, this water quality monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellites uses the phenomenon that light intensity weakens when light encounters an obstacle in the water to calculate the concentration of suspended algae in still water or the concentration of suspended sediment in moving water. It can also clean and maintain the light source to ensure the accuracy of light emission and reception, provide auxiliary decision-making support for water disaster prevention and mitigation, improve the ability to forecast and warn of water quality disasters and the level of prevention and control, and further promote the development of smart cities.

[0036] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description or may be learned by practicing the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like components throughout the drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the overall assembly.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the overall assembly.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure in which the wind wheel is assembled on the top of the transmission shaft.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wind wheel.

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the motor, the bolt and the transmission shaft.

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the motor, the clamp and the transmission shaft after the vertical pipe is cut along the axial direction.

[0044] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the output shaft of the motor and the bolt.

[0045] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the motor.

[0046] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving teeth on the output shaft of the motor.

[0047] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the card bolt.

[0048] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the cleaning brush when cleaning the light emitter.

[0049] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the cleaning brush when cleaning the light receiver.

[0050] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the transmission gear and the cleaning brush.

[0051] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the transmission shaft, rotating gear and cleaning brush after the vertical pipe is cut along the axial direction.

[0052] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the transmission gear and the cleaning brush after the vertical pipe is cut along the axial direction.

[0053] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the transmission shaft, transmission gear and cleaning brush when the vertical pipe is removed.

[0054] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission shaft.

[0055] Fig.18 It is a structural diagram of the transmission gear.

[0056] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cleaning brush.

[0057] Fig. 20 It is a connection diagram of the components in the circuit box.

[0058] Fig.21 This is the schematic diagram of the motor drive circuit.

[0059] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of water quality monitoring method.

[0060] Numbers in the figure: 1-floating plate, 2-bracket, 3-solar panel, 301-support rod, 4-wind wheel, 401-connecting rod, 402-pin, 5-vertical pipe, 501-top section, 502-bottom section, 503-nut boss, 504-sleeve, 6-motor, 601-output shaft, 602-driving tooth, 7-bolt, 701-driving groove, 8-transmission shaft, 801-horizontal gear, 802-jack, 9-transmission gear, 901-fixed shaft, 10-bearing, 11-cleaning brush, 1101-bristles, 12-light transmitter, 13-light receiver, 14-circuit box, 1401-communication antenna, 15-cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The following will further describe in detail a water quality monitoring system based on a high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0062] The water quality monitoring system based on the high-resolution remote sensing satellite is characterized by: including a floating plate 1, a bracket 2, a solar panel 3, a wind wheel 4, a vertical pipe 5, a motor 6, a bolt 7, a transmission shaft 8, a transmission gear 9, a bearing 10, a cleaning brush 11, a light transmitter 12, a light receiver 13, a circuit box 14, and a cover 15.

[0063] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the floating plate 1 is a flat cylinder with a downward protrusion at the center of the bottom. An air storage chamber is provided inside the floating plate 1, and the air storage chamber is filled with helium. According to the weight of the device and the density of the water area, the floating plate 1 floats on the water surface by adjusting the amount of helium in the air storage chamber.

[0064] Furthermore, the floating plate 1 is connected to a cement pier fixed to the bottom of the water through an anchor chain.

[0065] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 As shown, a vertical circular tubular bracket 2 is provided vertically through the central axis of the floating plate 1, and a circuit box 14 is provided on the top of the bracket 2. The circuit box 14 is equipped with a communication circuit and a processor, and the communication circuit is equipped with a uniquely coded SIM card; the part of the bracket 2 located on the lower side of the floating plate 1 is divided into two left-right symmetrical C-shaped tubes, and the ends of the two C-shaped tubes are opposite to each other. The end of the left C-shaped tube is equipped with a light transmitter 12, and the end of the right C-shaped tube is equipped with a light receiver 13; the light transmitter 12 emits light with stable intensity.

[0066] Furthermore, a gap is left between the light transmitter 12 and the light receiver 13 , and the light emitted by the light transmitter 12 is received by the light receiver 13 after being propagated and attenuated in water.

[0067] Furthermore, the light receiver 13 is equipped with a photodiode circuit and an A / D conversion circuit.

[0068] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the bracket 2 is located on the outer cylindrical surface of the upper part of the floating plate 1, and is provided with a plurality of solar panels 3 facing in different directions. The solar panels 3 and the bracket 2 are connected by support rods 301; the solar panels 3 provide electrical energy for all power-consuming components.

[0069] like Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, a cylindrical vertical tube 5 is vertically passed through the floating plate 1, and a vertical tube 5 is provided on both sides of the bracket 2. A nut boss 503 with a horizontal central axis is provided on one side wall of the top section 501 of the vertical tube 5 located above the floating plate 1. A cylindrical hole connected to the interior of the vertical tube 5 is passed through along the central axis of the nut boss 503, and the inner wall of the cylindrical hole is processed with an internal thread.

[0070] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Fig.10 As shown, the bolt 7 is a long cylinder with a horizontal central axis, and an external thread is processed on the outer cylindrical surface of the bolt 7. The bolt 7 is installed in the circular hole of the nut boss 503 of the vertical pipe 5 in a threaded assembly manner; a driving hole is opened through the central axis of the bolt 7, and a groove-shaped driving groove 701 is opened on the inner cylindrical surface of the driving hole along the axis.

[0071] Furthermore, the driving grooves 701 are evenly arranged around the central axis of the latch 7 .

[0072] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the motor 6 has two parts, which are screwed on the top surface of the floating plate 1. The outer end of the output shaft 601 of the motor 6 is provided with a plurality of driving teeth 602 around the central axis of the output shaft 601; the output shaft 601 is inserted into the latch 7, and the driving teeth 602 are embedded in the driving groove 701.

[0073] Furthermore, the cross-sectional profile of the driving teeth 602 is the same as the cross-sectional profile of the driving slots 701 ; and the number of the driving teeth 602 is the same as the number of the driving slots 701 .

[0074] Furthermore, the motor 6 is a stepping motor that converts electrical pulse signals into angular displacement.

[0075] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 , Fig.17 As shown, the transmission shaft 8 is a long cylinder with a vertical central axis. The transmission shaft 8 has two parts, which are respectively installed in two vertical tubes 5 through bearings 10. A triangular socket 802 is opened on the top end face of the transmission shaft 8, and the bottom end of the transmission shaft 8 is processed into a horizontal gear 801 with a vertical central axis.

[0076] Furthermore, two baffles are provided in the vertical tube 5, and two bearings 10 are installed in each vertical tube 5, the upper bearing 10 is located at the top of the upper baffle, and the lower bearing 10 is located at the bottom of the lower baffle; a retaining ring is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the transmission shaft 8 close to the upper bearing 10, and the bottom surface of the retaining ring is close to the top end surface of the inner ring of the upper bearing 10.

[0077] Furthermore, the outer cylindrical surface of the transmission shaft 8 is processed into a rough surface in the area where the clamp 7 can contact.

[0078] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the wind wheel 4 is formed by a plurality of hemispherical shells surrounding in the forward direction, and a connecting rod 401 extends horizontally from the back of each hemispherical shell. The inner ends of all the connecting rods 401 are connected, and a downward triangular prism-shaped plug post 402 is provided at the connection point; the plug post 402 is downwardly installed in the socket 802 at the top of the transmission shaft 8.

[0079] Furthermore, the contact surface between the plug post 402 and the plug hole 802 is coated with epoxy resin glue.

[0080] like Fig.13 , Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 , Fig.18 As shown, at the bottom port of the vertical tube 5, the inner side is processed into a cylindrical cover-shaped structure with a horizontal central axis, and on the inner vertical surface of the cylindrical cover-shaped structure, a circular sleeve 504 is provided, and a bearing 10 is installed in the sleeve 504; the transmission gear 9 is a flat cylinder with a horizontal central axis, and on the vertical surface of the flat cylinder close to the transmission shaft 8, a plurality of gear teeth are evenly distributed around the central axis of the transmission gear 9, which are meshed with the horizontal gear 801 at the bottom end of the transmission shaft 8; at the center of the vertical surface of the transmission gear 9 away from the transmission shaft 8, a cylindrical fixed shaft 901 with a horizontal central axis is provided, and the fixed shaft 901 horizontally passes through the cylindrical cover-shaped structure at the bottom end of the vertical tube, and horizontally passes through the inner ring of the bearing 10 in the sleeve 504; the inner end of the cleaning brush 11 is pinned to the outer end of the fixed shaft 901.

[0081] Furthermore, the bearing 10 is an engineering plastic bearing, and the ball in the bearing 10 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic.

[0082] like Fig.19As shown, the cleaning brush 11 has two pieces, and the cleaning brush 11 is in the shape of a straight rod, and bristles 1101 are arranged on one side of the middle and outer end areas of the cleaning brush 11; the cleaning brush 11 installed on one side of the light emitter 12, the bristles 1101 of the cleaning brush 11 face the light emitter 12; the cleaning brush 11 installed on one side of the light receiver 13, the bristles 1101 of the cleaning brush 11 face the light receiver 13.

[0083] Furthermore, during the rotation of the cleaning brush 11 , the bristles 1101 of the cleaning brush 11 on the light emitter 12 side can completely cover the light source panel 12 of the light emitter, and the bristles 1101 of the cleaning brush 11 on the light receiver 13 side can completely cover the light source receiving panel of the light receiver 13 .

[0084] The light emitted by the light transmitter 12 will be blocked by suspended algae or suspended sediment, and the intensity of the light will continue to decay. The concentration C of the suspended algae or suspended sediment in the water can be calculated by the light intensity P received by the light receiver 13. The mathematical relationship C=f(P) between the two is obtained through experiments.

[0085] The photosensitive diode in the light receiver 13 converts the light intensity into an electrical signal, and then converts the electrical signal into a digital signal through an A / D conversion circuit. When the processor determines that the concentration of suspended algae or suspended sediment exceeds a threshold value, a warning signal is issued.

[0086] Since the suspended algae and suspended sediment in the water body will stick to the panels of the light transmitter 12 and the optical fiber receiver 13, affecting the accuracy of the monitoring data, the panels of the light transmitter 12 and the optical fiber receiver 13 need to be cleaned before each monitoring data collection. The manager transmits the start signal to the processor through the communication antenna 1401 and the communication circuit, and the processor sends a positive pulse signal to the motor 6, and the output shaft 601 drives the bolt 7 to rotate. The bolt 7 rotates and moves away from the transmission shaft 8. After the transmission shaft 8 loses its limit, it rotates under the drive of the wind wheel 4, and the transmission shaft 8 drives the transmission gear 9 to rotate, and the transmission gear 9 drives the cleaning brush 11 to rotate, and removes the attachments on the light transmitter 12 and the light receiver 13.

[0087] After a certain period of time, the processor sends a negative pulse signal to the motor 6, the motor 6 reverses, the latch 7 rotates in the opposite direction, and the latch 7 moves toward the transmission shaft 8 while rotating until the end of the latch 7 abuts against the transmission shaft 8, causing the transmission shaft 8 to stop rotating.

[0088] Once the transmission shaft 8 is released from the restriction of the latch 7 , it will be driven by the wind wheel 4 to start rotating, and finally drive the cleaning brush 11 to rotate through the transmission gear 9 .

[0089] Furthermore, the concentration of suspended algae is affected by changes in light duration and temperature. Generally, if the light duration t≥24 hours in the next 72 hours, the concentration of suspended algae will double; if the average temperature rises by ∆T≥2℃ in the next 72 hours, the concentration of suspended algae will double.

[0090] A water quality monitoring and early warning method based on high-resolution remote sensing satellites, such as Fig. 22 As shown:

[0091] (1) Obtain the overall water quality status of a large area of ​​water through images obtained by high-resolution remote sensing satellites;

[0092] (2) Deploy monitoring devices in locations where water quality problems are serious;

[0093] (3) When the concentration of suspended sediment in the water exceeds the threshold, the system issues a level 3 warning;

[0094] (4) When the concentration of suspended algae in the water exceeds the threshold, the system issues a level 3 warning;

[0095] (5) When the concentration of suspended algae in the water exceeds the threshold and the weather forecast indicates that the sunshine time in the water area in the next 72 hours is t≥24 hours, the system will issue a level 2 warning;

[0096] (6) When the concentration of suspended algae in the water exceeds the threshold and the meteorological forecast shows that the average temperature of the water area will rise by ∆T ≥ 2°C in the next 72 hours, the system will issue a level 2 warning;

[0097] (7) When the concentration of suspended algae in the water exceeds the threshold, and the weather forecast shows that the sunshine time at the water area in the next 72 hours is t≥24 hours, and the weather forecast shows that the average temperature at the water area in the next 72 hours will rise by ∆T≥2℃, the system will issue a level 1 warning.

[0098] Further, Fig. 20 In this article, MCU refers to microprocessing unit, also known as single-chip microcomputer or single-chip microcomputer; A / D conversion circuit refers to analog / digital conversion circuit.

[0099] In the specific implementation process, Fig.21 As shown, the motor 6 is driven by the L298 chip, the processor is the 80C51 single-chip microcomputer, and P1.0 to P1.2 of the processor are connected to the L298 chip as the output control port of the motor 6.

[0100] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The water quality monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite is characterized by: It comprises a floating plate (1), a bracket (2), a solar panel (3), a wind wheel (4), a vertical pipe (5), a motor (6), a bolt (7), a transmission shaft (8), a transmission gear (9), a bearing (10), a cleaning brush (11), a light transmitter (12), a light receiver (13), a circuit box (14), and a cover (15); The floating plate (1) is a flat cylinder with a downward protrusion at the center of the bottom. An air storage chamber is provided inside the floating plate (1). The air storage chamber is filled with helium. The floating plate (1) floats on the water surface by adjusting the amount of helium in the air storage chamber according to the weight of the device and the density of the water area. A vertical cylindrical bracket (2) is provided vertically through the central axis of the floating plate (1), and a circuit box (14) is provided on the top of the bracket (2), wherein a communication circuit and a processor are installed in the circuit box (14), and a uniquely coded SIM card is installed in the communication circuit; the part of the bracket (2) located on the lower side of the floating plate (1) is divided into two left-right symmetrical C-shaped tubes, the ends of the two C-shaped tubes are opposite to each other, the end of the left C-shaped tube is provided with a light transmitter (12), and the end of the right C-shaped tube is provided with a light receiver (13); the light transmitter (12) emits light with stable intensity; The support (2) is located on the outer cylindrical surface of the upper part of the floating plate (1), and is provided with a plurality of solar panels (3) facing in different directions. The solar panels (3) and the support (2) are connected by supporting rods (301); the solar panels (3) provide electric energy for all power-consuming components; A cylindrical vertical tube (5) is vertically passed through the floating plate (1), and is respectively provided on both sides of the bracket (2); a nut boss (503) with a horizontal central axis is provided on one side wall of a top section (501) of the vertical tube (5) located above the floating plate (1); a cylindrical hole communicating with the interior of the vertical tube (5) is passed through along the central axis of the nut boss (503); and an internal thread is processed on the inner wall of the cylindrical hole; The clamping bolt (7) is a long cylinder with a horizontal central axis. An external thread is processed on the outer cylindrical surface of the clamping bolt (7). The clamping bolt (7) is installed in the circular hole of the nut boss (503) of the vertical pipe (5) in a threaded assembly manner. A driving hole is opened through the central axis of the clamping bolt (7), and a groove-shaped driving groove (701) is opened on the inner cylindrical surface of the driving hole along the axis. The motor (6) has two parts, which are screwed onto the top surface of the floating plate (1); the outer end of the output shaft (601) of the motor (6) is provided with a plurality of driving teeth (602) surrounding the central axis of the output shaft (601); the output shaft (601) is inserted into the latch (7), and the driving teeth (602) are embedded in the driving groove (701); The transmission shaft (8) is a long cylinder with a vertical central axis. The transmission shaft (8) has two parts, which are respectively installed in two vertical tubes (5) through bearings (10). The top end surface of the transmission shaft (8) is provided with a triangular insertion hole (802), and the bottom end of the transmission shaft (8) is processed into a horizontal gear (801) with a vertical central axis. The wind wheel (4) is formed by a plurality of hemispherical shells surrounding each other in the forward direction, a connecting rod (401) extends horizontally from the back of each hemispherical shell, the inner ends of all the connecting rods (401) are connected, and a downward triangular prism-shaped plug post (402) is provided at the connection point; the plug post (402) is installed downward in a plug hole (802) at the top of the transmission shaft (8); The bottom port of the vertical tube (5) is processed into a cylindrical cover-shaped structure with a horizontal central axis on the inner side. A circular sleeve (504) is provided on the inner vertical surface of the cylindrical cover-shaped structure, and a bearing (10) is installed in the sleeve (504); the transmission gear (9) is an oblate cylinder with a horizontal central axis. On the vertical surface of the oblate cylinder close to the transmission shaft (8), a plurality of gear teeth are evenly distributed around the central axis of the transmission gear (9) and mesh with the horizontal gear (801) at the bottom end of the transmission shaft (8); a cylindrical fixed shaft (901) with a horizontal central axis is provided at the center of the vertical surface of the transmission gear (9) away from the transmission shaft (8), and the fixed shaft (901) horizontally passes through the cylindrical cover-shaped structure at the bottom end of the vertical tube and horizontally passes through the inner ring of the bearing (10) in the sleeve (504); the inner end of the cleaning brush (11) is pinned to the outer end of the fixed shaft (901); The cleaning brush (11) comprises two pieces, the cleaning brush (11) is in the shape of a straight rod, and bristles (1101) are arranged on one side of the middle and outer end regions of the cleaning brush (11); the cleaning brush (11) is mounted on one side of the light emitter (12), and the bristles (1101) of the cleaning brush (11) face the light emitter (12); the cleaning brush (11) is mounted on one side of the light receiver (13), and the bristles (1101) of the cleaning brush (11) face the light receiver (13); During the rotation of the cleaning brush (11), the bristles (1101) of the cleaning brush (11) on the side of the light emitter (12) can completely cover the light source panel of the light emitter (12), and the bristles (1101) of the cleaning brush (11) on the side of the light receiver (13) can completely cover the light source receiving panel of the light receiver (13); The light emitted by the light transmitter (12) will be obstructed by the suspended algae or suspended sediment, and the intensity of the light will continue to decay. The concentration C of the suspended algae or suspended sediment in the water can be calculated by the light intensity P received by the light receiver (13). The mathematical relationship between the two, C=f(P), is obtained through experiments.

2. The water quality monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The floating plate (1) is connected to a cement pier fixed on the bottom of the water via an anchor chain.

3. The water quality monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A gap is left between the light transmitter (12) and the light receiver (13); the light emitted by the light transmitter (12) is received by the light receiver (13) after being propagated and attenuated in water.

4. The water quality monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The light receiver (13) is equipped with a photodiode circuit and an A / D conversion circuit.

5. The water quality monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross-sectional profile of the driving teeth (602) is the same as the cross-sectional profile of the driving groove (701); the number of the driving teeth (602) is the same as the number of the driving grooves (701).

6. The water quality monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The motor (6) is a stepping motor which converts an electrical pulse signal into an angular displacement.

7. The water quality monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer cylindrical surface of the transmission shaft (8) is processed into a rough surface in an area where the clamping bolt (7) can contact.

8. The water quality monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The contact surface between the plug post (402) and the plug hole (802) is coated with epoxy resin glue.

9. The water quality monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bearing (10) is an engineering plastic bearing, and the ball bearings in the bearing (10) are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic.

10. A water quality monitoring method using the water quality monitoring system based on high-resolution remote sensing satellite according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: 1) Obtain the overall water quality status of a large area of ​​water through images obtained by high-resolution remote sensing satellites; 2) Deploy monitoring devices in locations where water quality problems are serious; 3) When the concentration of suspended sediment in the water exceeds the threshold, the system issues a level 3 warning; 4) When the concentration of suspended algae in the water exceeds the threshold, the system will issue a level 3 warning; 5) When the concentration of suspended algae in the water exceeds the threshold and the weather forecast shows that the sunshine time in the water area in the next 72 hours is t≥24 hours, the system will issue a second-level warning; 6) When the concentration of suspended algae in the water exceeds the threshold and the meteorological forecast shows that the average temperature of the water area will rise by ∆T ≥ 2°C in the next 72 hours, the system will issue a second-level warning; 7) When the concentration of suspended algae in the water exceeds the threshold, and the weather forecast shows that the sunlight time at the water area in the next 72 hours is t≥24 hours, and the weather forecast shows that the average temperature at the water area in the next 72 hours will rise by ∆T≥2℃, the system will issue a level 1 warning.

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